MY

ENGLISH
BOOKLET
TH
6 YEAR

STUDENT:
TEACHER SAPOZNIK RODRIGO
2.025
Instituto Juana de Ibarbourou
 1 Making
music
WDYT? How can music bring
people together?
(What do you think?)

Vocabulary: music and

How important
performance; feelings and
emotions
Grammar: present perfect
simple and present perfect
continuous; question tags;
is music to you?
questions with prepositions 1 What’s most important to you in a song?
a The lyrics – I want to be able to sing it.
Reading: an infographic
about music and the brain b The music and how well the band or singer
performs it.
Listening: interviews about c Whether the lead singer is cool, of course!
music in public spaces
2 At a concert you probably …
Speaking: talking about a stand where you can dance and chat to friends.
feelings b notice the sound quality – if it’s bad it can
Writing: a review affect the performance .
c stand at the back of the audience so you can
Project: give a presentation listen without too many people around you.
about a singer or band
3 If a singer or band you like goes on tour, you …
a check out who the support band is first.
b quickly buy tickets before they sell out.
VIDEO SKILLS c perhaps download the live album.

Video skills p13 Music and performance

1 Copy and complete the diagram. Add more music words.
classical music composer DJ drums guitarist
hip hop jazz keyboard musician orchestra

Real-world speaking p19 Types of music Musical instruments

hip hop

MUSIC

Project pp22–23 People in music Other music words

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 Vocabulary 1
5 Work in pairs. Guess if your partner
agrees (A) or disagrees (D) with the
statements.
1 In a band, I’d rather be the lead singer than a
guitarist or drummer.
2 Most support bands aren’t worth listening to.
3 All musicians should go on tour at least once
4 You like singers and bands that … every two years.
a make you want to dance. 4 I’d rather be in the audience than on stage at a
b tour regularly and often release new albums. concert.
c record your favourite songs. 5 I would love to perform on a music reality show
5 When a singer you like releases a new single, you … like The X Factor, America’s Got Talent or The Voice.
a quickly learn the lyrics so you can sing along to the
song. 6 Ask and answer to find out if your
b download it immediately. guesses in exercise 5 were correct.
c wait and see if it is a hit before you download it. Would you prefer to be the lead
6 You … singer or a musician in a band?
a think music is something to enjoy with friends.
I’d prefer to …
b would love to release a record one day.
c usually listen to friends’ playlists because Do you think most support
you don’t make your own. bands aren’t worth listening to?

In my opinion, …

Do you agree that … ?

Yes, of course, because … /

No, not at all, because …

VIDEO SKILLS

Mostly A – You’re a performer at heart. You love listening

to music that you can sing or dance to.
Mostly B – You’re a music superfan. You know all the latest
bands and singersand you couldn’t live without music.
Mostly C – You’re open-minded. You like to get
recommendations from friends.

2 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.

1 Which kinds of music do you like/dislike?
2 Which instruments can you play? Which would you
like to learn?
7 Watch the video with no sound. What
do you think it is about? Then watch the
3 What is the most interesting job in music? Why?
video with sound and check your answers.
3 Check the meaning of the words in bold.
8 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
Then do the quiz.
1 What is the purpose of a vlog?
4 Copy and complete the diagram with the 2 Why are vloggers popular?
words in bold from the quiz. 3 Would you like to be a vlogger? Why/Why not?

Nouns Both Verbs

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1 Reading and critical thinking
An infographic Subskill: Recognising informal writing
Informal writing is used for sharing information,
1 Work in pairs. Talk about the last time sending emails to friends and in magazines.
you listened to music. Characteristics include:
• Where were you? • contractions
• What type of music did you listen to?
• talking to the reader (using ‘you’)
• What were you doing at the time?
• asking the reader questions
2 Look at the words in the box. Do you think • exclamation marks
music can affect these things? Do you think it
• colloquial language and idioms
affects them in a positive or negative way?
ability to focus happiness how you exercise 6 Find at least one example in the infographic for
learning foreign languages maths ability each of the characteristics of informal writing
memory movement your dreams above.

3 Skim the infographic and check your guesses. 7 How would you expect formal text to be
Which things were not mentioned? different?

4 Read and listen to the text in the

4 8 Word work Match the definitions to the
infographic. Answer the questions. words in bold in the infographic. Are the words
1 What will you be good at if you have a strong
nouns, verbs or adjectives?
bridge between the two sides of your brain? 1 able to think in a clear and intelligent way
2 When you study, what can fast music help you 2 gets someone’s attention and prevents them from
to do? concentrating on something
3 How are music and memory connected? 3 deal with; put information in order to organise it
4 What effects will learning a musical instrument for 4 a time at which something happens
more than 14 months have? 5 the main patterns of sounds in a piece of music
5 What kind of music is good to exercise to? 6 makes stronger
6 How does music affect your mood?
9 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
5 Are the sentences true, false, or is there no 1 How, where and when do you listen to music?
information? Correct the false sentences. 2 Can you think of a time music helped you? How?
1 You mainly use one part of the brain when you 3 Do you think students should listen to music in
listen to music. class? Give reasons for your answer.
2 If you feel stressed when you study, listening to
slow music is a good idea.
3 You will always remember the same thing when CRITICAL THINKING
you listen to your favourite song.
4 People who play a musical instrument usually also
1 Remember Can you remember three ree facts
f
speak a foreign language. about music and the brain?
5 Teenagers typically listen to music for longer each 2 Apply Think about your personal reaction to
day than adults. music. How do your favourite songs make you
6 Humans were able to make music before they feel? What music:
could use language. a helps you study?
7 If you are listening to music, it will help you b makes you feel happy?
exercise for longer. c makes you want to continue exercising?
8 Being in the audience at a live music event is 3 Create Create a playlist for either a, b or c
better for your mood than performing with others. above and justify your choices. Include at least
five songs.

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 Music
1

and your brain

Music is fun and relaxing. It allows us to express ideas and feelings –
but did you know it’s also good for your brain? We’ve been doing some
research and we’ve found six important benefits.

Thinking Language
When you listen to music, you People who play a musical
use many different parts of the instrument for at least 14 months
brain to process the rhythm, tune are better at learning both the
and sound. This strengthens a part of the grammar and pronunciation of foreign
brain called the corpus callosum, the bridge languages. Adults who only learnt music
between the right and left side of the brain. as children still have this ability. Why?
People with a strong corpus callosum are People have been making and listening to
better at solving problems, making decisions music for over 500,000 years, but they’ve
and planning. Studies also show that only been speaking languages for 200,000
students’ maths and reading skills improve if years. Scientists believe that communicating
they study music. through language developed from humans’
original use of music. When you train
musically, your language abilities develop too.
Focus
Background music without lyrics
is good for studying or working as
Physical ability
it can help you concentrate. How? Want to exercise for longer? Listen
It stimulates brainwaves – faster rhythms to music! When you get tired, the
help you stay alert and concentrate for body sends a signal to the brain
longer, and slower rhythms help you relax to stop, but listening to music distracts the
and feel less stressed or anxious. brain from this. Not only that, it can help
you exercise more efficiently and
use less oxygen. The best beats are
Memory house, hip hop, pop and disco.
Listening to
music improves
memory because
Mood
music activates the parts Have you ever
of the brain involved in felt happier after
controlling memory. listening to music?
Hearing a favourite old When you listen to music, the
song can bring back strong brain releases dopamine, the
memories of an occasion or ‘feel-good’ chemical. Being in
time when you used to listen the audience at a live music
to it. event or performing with
others also improves mood.

Did you know

A typical teen spends up to four hours a
day listening to music. That’s about 6,280
songs a year!

The longer read Resource centre 15

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1 Grammar
Present perfect simple and 5 Read the examples and answer the questions.
present perfect continuous Present perfect simple and present perfect
continuous
1 Read the examples and complete the rules He’s been writing a new song. He’s finished the first verse.
with states, time and experiences.
We’ve been doing some research. We’ve found six
Present perfect simple benefits of listening to music.
I’ve been here for two hours.
1 Which tense do we use when the action is unfinished
I’ve never sung on stage.
and the focus is on the action or process?
I’ve seen Shawn Mendes in concert.
2 Which tense do we use to show the present result of
We use the present perfect simple to talk about: a finished action, when the focus is on the result?
1 (…) we have or haven't had.
2 actions or (…) that started in the past and 6 Complete the text with the correct present
continue in the present. perfect simple or continuous form of the
3 actions where the (…) they happened in the past verbs in brackets.
isn't important. If we say when, we must use the WONDAGURL is a music
past simple. producer from Canada.
Her real name is
2 Complete the sentences with the present Ebony Oshunrinde and
perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets although she’s only
and your own ideas. in her 20s, she 1 (…)
1 I’ve never (…) (listen to) … (achieve) a lot. She
2 (…) (produce) records since she was a teenager
2 I haven’t (…) (hear) … Since then, she 3 (…) (work) hard to make a name
3 My best friend (…) (write) … for herself and 4 (…) (produce) records for artists
4 My parents (…) (see) … such as Rihanna and Drake. More recently she 5 (…)
(experiment) with a new sound, psychedelic rap,
3 Read the examples and choose the correct with singer Lil Uzi Vert and she 6 (…) (just start)
mentoring other young producers. No doubt we’ll
option to complete the rules. be hearing a lot more about her in the future!
Present perfect continuous
People have been making music for many years. 7 5Read the questions. Correct the mistakes.
They haven’t been practising much recently. Listen and check your answers.
What have you been listening to lately? 1 What music have you been listened to lately?
2 Have you ever perform in public?
We use the present perfect continuous to 3 Have you ever been listening to any rap songs?
talk about:
4 How long have you learning English?
1 actions that started in the present/past and
continue in the present/past, to emphasise the
8 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the
duration or repetition of the action.
questions in exercise 7.
2 actions that have just finished when we are/are
not interested in the results. 9 Answer the questions to solve the Brain teaser.
3 single/repeated actions in the recent
(unspecified) past, often with lately, recently. B R I N
A TEASER
4 Complete the sentences with the present
perfect continuous form of the verbs Four friends all play musical instruments.
in brackets. 1 Ben hasn’t been learning as long as Carla.
1 They don’t know what to do because they (…) 2 Debbie has just started learning.
(not listen) to the teacher. 3 Alex has been playing for six years.
2 He didn’t pass his music exam because he (…) 4 Carla began playing four years ago.
(not practise) much lately. Who has been playing the longest? Can you put them
3 He’s very talented. He (…) (make) musical in order of how long they have been playing?
instruments for many years.

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 A B C Vocabulary and Listening 1
D E

Short interviews
F
6 7 Read the questions. What do you think
people might reply? Make notes. Then listen to
H
five interviews. Do the speakers mention any of
your ideas?
1 What do you think of music in public spaces, e.g.
shops and lifts?
2 Should people be able to listen to music on public
transport?
3 Should buskers be allowed?
Feelings and emotions
Subskill: Understanding the speaker’s
1 Read the words in the box. Which do you attitude
know? What do the other words mean?
Listening carefully to what the speaker says and their
angry bored calm content embarrassed tone of voice will help you understand their attitude.
happy jealous joyful kind lonely How are they feeling? Are they happy, surprised,
optimistic pessimistic sad satisfied scared embarrassed, etc.?
surprised sympathetic
7 Listen and match the descriptions a–f with
2 Match some of the words in exercise 1 with speakers 1–5. There is one description that you
pictures A–H. do not need.
Which speaker …
4 6Listen to the music. Which of the words a describes feeling embarrassed about something?
describes how it makes you feel? b is angry about something?
Abstract nouns c is surprised about something?
Many adjectives have noun forms. For feelings d mentions music that makes them feel calm?
and emotions they are abstract nouns – you e describes how some music encourages boredom?
can’t see, hear, smell, touch or taste them. Typical
f thinks music makes people more sympathetic to
noun endings include -ment, -ness, -ism and -ion.
others?
4 Match the nouns to the adjectives in 8 Listen again. Are the sentences true or false?
exercise 1. Then copy and complete the table. Correct the false sentences.
Notice any spelling changes.
1 Robberies and vandalism went down in stations
joy pessimism kindness jealousy happiness that started playing classical music.
surprise anger embarrassment sympathy 2 Slow pop music makes people shop faster.
calmness fear contentment boredom 3 By law, you have to wear headphones if you listen
loneliness satisfaction sadness optimism to music on public transport.
4 International Busking Day takes place in 1,000 cities
-ment -ness -ism/-ion other worldwide in July.
embarrassed – kind – pessimistic – joyful – 5 The band Imagine Dragons are from America.
embarrassment kindness pessimism joy
9 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the
5 Choose five nouns. Think of a song to illustrate questions in exercise 6. Did you agree or
each one. disagree with the speakers? Why?

Pronunciation: Words starting with s + consonant p116 17

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1 Grammar
Question tags 5 Complete the questions with the correct
9

prepositions. Listen and check.

1 Read the examples and choose the correct 1 When your favourite song comes on the radio, do
option to complete the rules. you turn the volume (…) ?
The music isn’t for the shoppers, is it? 2 What music do you like dancing (…) ?
They weren’t enjoying the music, were they? 3 If you have a problem, who do you talk (…) ?
Music has that effect, doesn’t it? 4 Where do you come (…) ?
You sang along to the song, didn’t you? 5 What kind of music are you interested (…) ?
You’ve seen them in concert, haven’t you? 6 What are you thinking (…) ?
She hasn’t bought the tickets, has she?
6 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the
1 To form a question tag (except with be), we use questions in exercise 5.
an auxiliary verb in the correct tense. The auxiliary
verb agrees/doesn’t agree with the subject. 7 Choose the correct option.
2 When the verb in the main phrase is be, the tag is
with the correct form of be/do. In the present and GRAMMAR ROUND-UP
past continuous we also use be in the tag.
3 In the tag, the subject goes before/after the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
auxiliary verb or be.
4 When the verb in the main phrase is affirmative,
the tag is affirmative/negative. When the BRINGING people together through music
verb in the main phrase is negative, the tag is What 1 connects/does connect peace and rock music?
affirmative/negative. Mitrovica Rock School! The city of Mitrovica is divided into
two parts and it is difficult for Serbs and Albanians to meet.
The idea of Rock School is to promote peace between people
2 8 Complete the question tags. Listen and from different backgrounds by allowing them to make music
check. Does the intonation go up or down in together.
the tag? When 2 it started/did it start?
1 You’ve never played a musical instrument, (…) ? For over ten years, the school 3 brought/has been bringing
musicians from these two different communities together.
2 Jazz music is fantastic, (…) ? The first classes 4 were/have been in Macedonia, but then
3 You don’t like singing, (…) ? local rock school branches opened in both parts of Mitrovica.
4 The last English class was fun, (…) ? Do students from both sides ever work together?
Yes, students from both sides form mixed bands and meet
5 You went to that school for five years, (…) ?
for rehearsals and workshops in Mitrovica and during
summer camps. Over 170 students have played in mixed
3 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the Serb-Albanian bands.
questions in exercise 2. Have they 5 made/been making any records?
Yes, and students have performed live in concerts. Some
Questions with prepositions bands 6 have been uploading/have uploaded videos to
YouTube.
A lot of students have taken part, 7 have they/haven’t they?
4 Read the rules and match a–c to 1–3. Yes, since the school started, over 1,200 8 have attended/
a What bands do you usually listen to? have been attending.
b Who is music in shops for?
c Did you turn the volume up?

The preposition comes at the end when:

1 a question word is the object of a preposition
2 we use phrasal verbs (e.g. switch off, make up)
3 we use verbs with dependent prepositions (e.g.
worry about, depend on, agree with, talk to).
Research
Find out more about music organisations that
promote peace, e.g. Playing for Change.

18 Pronunciation: Intonation in question tags p116

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 Real-world speaking 1

Talking about feelings 5 Create your own dialogue. Follow the steps in
the Skills boost.
1 Look at the photos. Where are the people?
How do you think they feel? SKILLS BOOST
THINK
Your favourite band is playing in your town, but there
2 Watch the video. How is Matt feeling? are no tickets left. You meet a friend who asks what’s
Why? wrong.

3 Complete the dialogue with the words in the PREPARE

box. Watch again and check. Prepare your dialogue. Remember to use the Key
phrases for asking about and expressing feelings.
asked tomorrow wants weeks
PRACTISE
4 Watch again. Which Key phrases do you hear? Practise your dialogue.

Aisha PERFORM
Hi! I didn’t know you were coming Act out your dialogue for the class or record it and
to the concert. I can’t wait! play it to the class.
Matt
Oh, hi! Yeah, they’re one of my favourite bands.
Aisha 6 Peer review Listen to your classmates and
Is everything all right? You seem upset. answer the questions.
Matt 1 How well did they do the task? Were they
Well, I 1 (…) Ben to come to the concert with me, sympathetic?
but he said no. The thing is, I've just seen him here. 2 Which Key phrases did they use?
Aisha
3 Could they improve their dialogue? How?
Oh! I can see why you’re upset.
Matt
Key phrases
It's not just that. He’s supposed to be my
friend, but now he never 2 (…) to meet up. Asking about feelings
Aisha Is everything all right? / Are you OK?
How long have you been feeling like this? What's the matter? / What's wrong?
Matt How long have you been feeling like this?
For a few 3 (…) . To be honest, Do you want to talk about it?
I’ve been a bit upset about it. Expressing feelings
Aisha
To be honest, …
I’m not surprised. I’d feel the same.
I felt hurt. / I was upset/angry.
Matt
I’m feeling happy/upset/angry because …
I don’t know what to do.
Aisha
I feel (a bit/much) better now!
I’ve been (a bit/really) upset/angry about it.
Tell you what, watch the band with us. Let’s enjoy
tonight! Then 4 (…) you should talk to Ben. Real-world grammar
Matt How long have you been feeling like this?
Good idea. Thanks, I feel much better now! I’ve just seen him here.

Phrasebook p122 19
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1 Writing

1
Fe st iv al
Latitude Festival has been going since 2006. It takes place every year over four
days in July (Thursday to Sunday) at Henham Park, Suffolk. It’s an incredible
mix of music and other arts. Weekend tickets for over-16s cost around £200,
including camping. There are also cheaper weekend teen tickets for 13–15
year-olds and day tickets. Make sure you buy your ticket early, as they sell out fast.
2
This year, there were seven different music stages to choose from, with a
huge variety of bands and music styles, from rap to folk, pop to electronic. In
addition, there was theatre, film, literature and comedy. The sound quality was
excellent at all the stages and there were some great special effects. If you
enjoy watching new music talent, don’t miss the Sunrise Arena. I saw some
brilliant performances there, including Temples and Sigrid. Teenagers should
definitely check out the Teen Area – for me, it was the best thing about the
festival. I did two amazing workshops there. I’ve learnt a lot!
3 There isn’t much I’d change about the festival: it’s well-organised and
well-planned. However, I think there should be more showers as they got crowded.
In general, the food was fantastic, but small bottles of water cost £2.50, which
is too expensive.
4 It’s well worth going to Latitude. There’s something for everyone and the tickets
are good value. I’d recommend this festival, especially to teenagers who love
music and trying new things.

A review Subskill: Giving recommendations

We use a variety of expressions to give
1 Have you ever been to a concert or festival, or recommendations, e.g. You should definitely …
seen one on TV? What was good or bad about it?
4 Which of these expressions can you find in
2 Read the review and answer the questions. the review? What are they recommending?
Write the number of the paragraph where
you found the answer. Don't miss … I'd recommend …
1 What was the name of the festival? Where and when You should definitely … Make sure you …
was it? You definitely shouldn't … It's well worth …
2 What positive things does the review mention
about the festival? What was the best thing? 5 Rewrite the sentences using the words in
3 Was there anything the reviewer didn’t like or brackets. Make any necessary changes.
thought could be better? 1 The support band is great. (don’t miss)
4 Does the reviewer recommend the festival or not? 2 I think everyone should see this band live.
Who for? (make sure you)
3 It’s a good idea to go to the festival, especially
3 Read the review and the questions in exercise 2 if you like indie music. (I’d recommend)
again. Write a paragraph plan. 4 Buy a ticket. (it’s well worth)
Paragraph 1: 5 The best place to stand is at the front. (should
Give the name, location, date and other general definitely)
information.
Paragraph 2:

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 QUICK REVIEW 1
6 Write a review of a concert or music festival
that you have been to or seen on TV. Follow Grammar
the steps in the Skills boost.
Present perfect simple
SKILLS BOOST I've known my best friend for five years.
THINK The guitarist has learntt to play a new song.
Choose a concert or festival.
My brother has bought the band's live album.
Make notes about it. Include basic information and
its good and bad points. Present perfect continuous
Note down any useful vocabulary from the model The band have been touring for two months.
text or unit. The lead singer has been writing songs since she was
a teenager.
PREPARE How long have they been singing together?
Look at your paragraph plan from exercise 3 and
write a plan for this review.
Present perfect simple and present perfect
Organise your notes.
continuous
We use the present perfect simple when the focus is on
Look at the phrases for recommendations and decide the result.
which to use and where to use them. We use the present perfect continuous to emphasise the
duration or repetition of the action. The focus is on the
WRITE action or process.
Write your review. Use the example in exercise 2 to I’ve been listening to music all morning. I’ve played five
help you. albums.
The lead singer has been writing some new songs. He’s
CHECK finished two so far.
Read your review and answer the questions.
Questions
1 Have you used grammar and vocabulary from
the unit? Question tags
2 Did you make and follow a paragraph plan? It isn’t rap music, is it?
3 Have you used phrases for making The concert was brilliant, wasn’t it?
recommendations? You didn’t enjoy the festival, did you?
You’ve never seen them play live, have you?
They’ve been playing together for years, haven’t they?

7 Peer review Exchange your review with Questions with prepositions

another student. Answer the questions. What bands do you like listening to?
1 Was the review clear and well organised? Did you switch the music off?
Who is the festival for?
2 Did it include appropriate recommendations?
3 Did it make you want to go to the concert/festival?
Give reasons for your answer. Vocabulary
10 Music and performance
Types of music: classical music, hip hop, jazz
People: audience, composer, DJ, guitarist, lead singer,
musician, support band
Nouns: drums, hit, keyboard, live album, lyrics, orchestra,
performance, playlist, sound quality
Verbs: perform, release, sell out, tour
Noun and verb: record
11 Feelings and emotions
Adjectives: angry, bored, calm, content, embarrassed,
happy, jealous, joyful, kind, lonely, optimistic, pessimistic,
sad, satisfied, scared, surprised, sympathetic
Nouns: anger, boredom, calmness, contentment,
embarrassment, fear, happiness, jealousy, joy, kindness,
loneliness, optimism, pessimism, sadness, satisfaction,
surprise, sympathy

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 1 Project
WDYT?
How can music 3 Which information do the extracts include?
bring people • basic biographical details
(What do you think?) • how the singer brings people together
together? • physical description and description of
character
• main achievements
TASK: Give a presentation about • an interesting introduction
a singer or band that you think • opinion of the singer

brings people together.

STEP 2: PLAN
Learning outcomes
4 Work in groups. Choose a singer or band to
1 I can give a well-organised presentation with research. Think about:
relevant information.
• How do they bring people together?
2 I can use appropriate language from the unit.
• What kind of change do they help to bring about?
3 I can use communication skills to show the • What are their other achievements?
different parts of the presentation.
Graphic organiser Project planner p118 5 Choose who is going to research each part
of the presentation. Do your research and
make notes.
1 Watch a video of students giving a
presentation. Who is it about? STEP 3: CREATE
6 Work with your group. Share your research
and organise the information. Decide who
is presenting each part.

7 Read the tips in the Super skills box and

practise saying the Key phrases with your
group.

COMMUNICATION

Giving a presentation
STEP 1: THINK Tips
Organise your presentation.
2 Read the presentation outline and the Clearly indicate the different parts to help
Model project on p23. Match extracts A–D listeners follow more easily.
to sections 1–4 of the outline.
Key phrases

Outline Our presentation today is about …

First we’re going to …, then we’d like to … and
1 Introduction: Guess who? finally we’ll …
2 Life events Let’s start by …
3 Main achievements Now we’d like to move on to …
4 Bringing people together
In this part of the presentation, we …
5 Conclusion and summary
OK, that’s the end of our presentation.
6 Questions
Does anyone have any questions?

22 Grammar and Vocabulary Quick review p21

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 Model project
B She’s done four big concert tours

Guess who
worldwide, bringing audiences together
to enjoy her live performances. These
have sold out! But she’s also brought
people together in different ways. She’s
A been doing charity work for many
years. She started the Clara Lionel
Foundation, CLF, in 2012.

C She’s one of the best-selling artists in

the world. She’s sold over 280 million
records worldwide. She’s had more
than 14 number-one hits and over
30 top-ten hits in the US and the
UK. She’s the only artist in the world
who’s done that this century! She’s
won many awards for her music.
She’s helped
schoolchildren
in Africa.
She’s been in the
Guinness Book of World D She was born in Barbados in 1988.
Records six times. She started singing when she was just
seven years old and she’s been singing
She’s been singing since then! She likes experimenting
since she was with different sounds including pop
seven years old.
and hip hop, and she’s recorded some
great dance songs. Some of her most
She’s banned audiences from famous songs include Diamonds ,
bringing umbrellas to her concerts. Umbrella and We Found Love .

8 Create your presentation. Use the tips and Key 1 FINAL REFLECTION
phrases in the Super skills box.
1 The task
STEP 4: PRESENT Was your presentation well
organised?
9 Read the How to … tips on p118. Then Was it easy for others to follow your
practise your presentation in your group. presentation? How do you know?
2 Super skill
10 Give your presentation to the class. Did your group use communication
11 Peer review Listen to the other skills effectively in the presentation?
presentations and answer the questions. 3 Language
1 Which presentation do you like best? Why? Did you use new language from
this unit? Give examples.
2 Think of a question to ask about each singer/band.
Beyond the task
Why do you think music is such a powerful way to bring
people together? How could musicians use this better?

23
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1 Grammar reference

Present perfect simple Question tags

• we use the present perfect simple to talk about Present simple You like pizza, don’t you?
events in the past when the time isn’t specified Present continuous He is going, isn’t he?
I’ve visited the pyramid at Chichen Itza. Present simple of be I’m a great singer, aren’t I?
• we use it to talk about actions that started in the past Past simple You went to the party,
and continue in the present didn’t you?
We’ve lived here since I was ten. Past continuous You were working, weren’t

• we form the present perfect simple with have/has +

Past simple of be
you?
They were at work, weren’t
past participle
they?
He has sung that song before.
Present perfect We’ve seen this film,
They haven’t heard him sing live. haven’t we?

Present perfect continuous

• question tags are a different way of asking questions

Affirmative Negative
• we often use question tags to ask questions when
we’re just looking for confirmation
I/You have been singing. I/You have not (haven’t) You didn’t go to school today, did you?
been singing.
He/She/It has been He/She/It have not (hasn’t)
• to form a question tag (except with be), we use an
auxiliary verb in the correct tense. The auxiliary verb
singing. been singing.
We/You/They have been We/You/They have not
agrees with the subject
singing. (haven’t) been singing. Your mum likes chocolate, doesn’t she?
Questions Short answers • when the verb in the main phrase is be, the tag is
Have I/you/we/you/they Yes, I/you/we/you/they with the correct form of be. We also use be in the tag
been singing? have. for questions in the present and past continuous
No, I/you/we/you/they He is very tall, isn’t he?
haven’t.
You were very angry earlier, weren’t you?
Has he/she/it been Yes, he/she/it has.
singing? No, he/she/it hasn’t. They are dancing beautifully, aren’t they?

• we use the present perfect continuous to talk about We weren’t looking in the right place, were we?
actions that started in the past and continue in the • when the verb in the main phrase is affirmative, the
present, to emphasise the duration or repetition of tag is negative. When the verb in the main phrase is
the action negative, the tag is affirmative
I’ve been waiting half an hour for the bus. You went to the book shop, didn’t you?
• we use it to talk about repeated actions in the recent She isn’t crying, is she?
(unspecified) past, often with expressions such as
lately, recently Questions with prepositions
We’ve been going to this café a lot recently.
• we use questions with prepositions at the end when
• we also use it to talk about actions that have just the question word is the object of a preposition
finished or that have consequences Who is this present for?
‘You are sweating.’ ‘Yes, I’ve been cycling for the last
hour.’
• we use questions with prepositions at the end when
the verb is a phrasal verb
He hasn’t been doing his homework so now he has
Did you switch the computer off?
detention.
• we form the present perfect continuous with
• we use questions with prepositions at the end when
the verb has a dependent preposition, including:
have/has + been + the present participle (–ing form)
agree with, come from, depend on, listen to, speak to,
He has been reading that book since 9 am. talk to, think about, worry about
They haven’t been talking to me much lately. Who do you agree with?
• stative verbs are not usually used in the present
perfect continuous. These are verbs such as know,
understand, want, love, hate, hear.
She’s loved this singer since she was very young.

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 Grammar practice 1
Present perfect simple and Question tags
present perfect continuous 4 Choose the correct option.
1 Complete the sentences with the present 1 You aren’t coming home late, are you/do you?
perfect simple of the verbs. 2 There wasn’t any food left, was there/were
there?
decide not hear listen read 3 He downloaded the new live album, did he/
release not see try didn’t he?
1 We ’ve listened to Ariana’s new album several 4 You’ve heard this song before, haven’t you/have
times. you?
2 Taylor Swift a new single already. 5 She was wearing a new dress, didn’t she/wasn’t
she?
3 you a newspaper
recently? 6 Unripe bananas have a strange taste, don’t they/
haven’t they?
4 They the new superhero film yet.
5 I to go to college in Canada. 5 Write complete sentences with question tags.
6 She anything from the university yet. 1 you / got home / early
7 he diving or water You got home early, didn’t you?
skiing?
2 your school / starts / at 8 o’clock
2 Complete the sentences in the present perfect 
continuous with the verbs in brackets. 3 we / were enjoying / that music
1 The support band has been touring with Maroon 5 
since July and they have three gigs left. (tour) 4 your friends / have read / this book
2 I for twenty minutes, 
so twenty minutes to go. (run) 5 you / don’t tidy the classroom / every day
3 People tickets as fast as 
I thought. There are lots left. (not buy)
6 there / weren’t / many people / at the shop
4 Susan to basketball

lessons since she was a little girl. (go)
5 you the
piano every day since I told you to? (practise)
6 Matt recently because Questions with prepositions
he injured his arm a month ago. (not swim)
7 it all day 6 Order the words to write questions.
or has it only just started? (rain) 1 you normally / worry / what / about / do
What do you normally worry about?
3 Order the words and write sentences in the
2 you / off / the air conditioning / did / switch
present perfect simple or continuous.

1 I / save / my favourite photos / on my phone / .
3 does / from / the / where / come / student / new
I’ve saved my favourite photos on my phone.

2 he / before / never / to a live concert / go / .
4 films / you / in / what kinds / interested / of / are


3 I / for ages / to arrive / wait / for you / .
5 about / they / what / thinking / are


4 see / my new / you / headphones / ?
6 who / with / you / agree / do


5 they / on this album / their favourite / record /
songs / .

6 you / learn / for long / Chinese / ?

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 UNIT

1 Grammar

Present perfect simple and present Question tags

perfect continuous 4 Match 1–5 with a–e to make sentences.
1 Underline the present perfect simple form. 1 This pizza is delicious, b
1 We’ve seen this band three times. 2 You like football,
2 To my knowledge, he’s only bought one 3 Sam and Jo went to the party,
of their albums. 4 Julia didn’t go to school yesterday,
3 Have you ever tried to learn Arabic? 5 The tickets haven’t sold out,
4 They haven’t done their homework. a have they?
5 She’s known me since I was 12. b isn’t it?
6 I haven’t joined the coding club. c did she?
2 Complete the present perfect continuous d don’t you?
sentences with the words in the box. e didn’t they?
been has haven’t studying talking

1 They’ve been   talking  for hours.

2 She been playing the guitar
for two years.
3 What have you reading
recently?
4 I been getting good marks
recently. I need to study more.
5 How long have you been
in this class?

3 Underline the correct option.

1 They are still playing. They haven’t Questions with prepositions
finished/been finishing yet.
5 Choose the correct option.
2 She’s tired because she’s
played/been playing rugby. 1 Who are you talking to/in?
3 He’s a musician. He’s already 2 What activities are you interested for/in?
recorded/been recording three 3 The TV is very loud. Can you turn
music videos. it down/over?
4 I’ve read/been reading your book. I’ll 4 Is that story true or did you make it on/up?
give it back to you when I finish it. 5 When you text your friends, what do you
5 I’ve never gone/been going to a talk about/on?
music festival.

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 UNIT

1 Grammar

Present perfect simple and present Questions with prepositions

perfect continuous 3 Write a question for each answer.
1 Complete each sentence with one verb 1 A: Who is the convention for ?
in the present perfect simple form B: This convention is for fans of sci-fi films
and one verb in the present perfect and comics.
continuous form.
2 A: Where ?
arrive look meet not decide B: The fans come from lots of
not find see spend stop think different countries.
wait watch write 3 A: Who ?
B: I went there with my sister and a friend.
1 My brother    has stopped   making
computer games. He’s been spending 4 A: Who ?
more time on robots. B: I talked to some fans from Bulgaria.
2 We of buying a new 5 A: What ?
laptop, but we which B: I was interested in new sci-fi comics
brand to buy. from the USA.
3 I old films this
weekend. I two of them Grammar round-up
so far.
4 Complete the dialogue. Use one word in
4 you
each gap.
at the station yet? I for
half an hour! A: Hey, Oli, what have you 1 been
5 I for my glasses for half doing recently?
an hour and I them yet. B: I’m learning to play the guitar. You play
6 I emails to my the trumpet, 2 you?
friend Emi for over a year, but we A: I 3 to play the trumpet, but I
yet. don’t play anymore. How often
4 you practise?
Question tags B: About one hour a day. I 5
learning a new song at the moment.
2 Complete the questions with the correct
A: That’s sounds cool! What music do you
question tag.
like listening 6 ?
1 Your sister is in the drama club, B: Oh, everything really, I’ve been
isn’t she ? 7 to Maroon 5 a lot recently.
2 The lesson starts at 9:30 am, ? A: Oh yes, they’re great, 8 they?
3 Your aunt and uncle went to Canada, B: Yes, I 9 downloaded their new
? album. Do you want to listen to it?
4 Michelle didn’t go to school today, A: Sure! Can you turn the volume up?
? I 10 hear it very well!
5 You haven’t bought any tickets,
?
6 Marco’s been playing in the garden all
afternoon, ?

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 UNIT

1 Grammar

Present perfect simple and present 3 Choose the correct present simple or
continuous form to complete the text.
perfect continuous
1 Complete the sentences with the present Sigrid is a singer from Norway. She has
perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets. 1 sung/been singing since she was 16.
Thousands of people have 2 watched/
1 He has recorded (record) several songs. been watching her first ever music
2 I (write) a poem for the video, and they love it. Since then,
competition. she has 3 got/been getting more and
3 They (win) several awards. more popular and has 4 made/been
making two EPs and an album. Sigrid
4 your brother
has 5 appeared/been appearing at
(find) a new job?
Glastonbury Festival in the UK, and she
5 Martina (begin) has 6 won/been winning the BBC Sound
her cooking lessons? award. She hasn’t 7 announced/been
6 You (not reply) to my email. announcing her new tour dates yet, but
her fans have 8 waited/been waiting
2 Write sentences using the present perfect excitedly for her new songs.
continuous.

Question tags
4 Complete the question tags with the
correct verbs.
1 Your father is from Poland,
isn’t he?
2 This announcement sounds serious,
it?
3 She didn’t come to school yesterday,
she?
4 We’ve seen this film before,
1 Jo / play / his new computer game for
we?
an hour
5 You haven’t met my cousin,
Jo has been playing his new computer
you?
game for an hour.          
2 We / not go out / recently
Questions with prepositions
3 Helen / write / a blog about her 5 Complete the questions with the
summer holiday prepositions in the box.
about for in to up
4 How long / you / learn / Russian ?
1 What are you listening    to   ?
2 Who are you waiting ?
5 Johannes / take / horse-riding lessons
3 What videos are you interested
after school
?
4 I can’t hear the music. Can you please
6 they / practise / for a long time ? turn it ?
5 What do you often worry ?

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 UNIT

1 Vocabulary

Music and performance 5 She’s been invited to _________ with a

really famous band. She’s really excited
1 Complete the words and phrases with the to travel with her band.
correct vowels.
6 They will be the _________ so they will
1 dr u ms come on stage first.
2 j zz 7 I must buy a ticket before they _________ .
3 k yb rd 8 I’ll _________ with all their hits on it.
4 g t r st
5 c mp s r Feelings and emotions
6 h p h p 4 Circle the adjectives and underline
7 cl ss c l m s c the nouns.
8 rch str 1 anger/angry
2 Follow the lines between the columns 2 bored/boredom
to make phrases connected with music. 3 happy/happiness
Write them down. 4 embarrassment/embarrassed
1 lead a album 5 jealous/jealousy
2 live b out 6 sympathetic/sympathy
3 sell c singer 7 sad/sadness
4 support d tour 8 satisfaction/satisfied
5 go on e playlist
5 Choose the correct option to complete
6 make a f band the sentences.
7 record g lyrics
1 The musician looked really joyful/scared
8 write h new songs while he played. He had a huge smile!
1 _________
lead singer 2 Classical music usually makes me feel
2 _________ really calm/kind.
3 _________ 3 It was such a kindness/surprise to hear
my song on the radio!
4 _________
4 I feel really optimistic/pessimistic about
5 _________
passing my music exam. I practised a lot!
6 _________
5 I decided to join the school orchestra
7 _________ because I felt a bit content/lonely. I’ve
8 _________ made lots of new friends.
3 Complete the sentences with collocations 6 It’s natural to feel satisfied/scared before
from exercise 2. going on stage but then you’ll feel great!
7 I felt a little joyful/jealous when my
1 My favourite band have just released a friend was chosen to sing the solo.
new __________
live album . I wanted to do it.
2 My best friend is a _________ in a jazz 8 It was really calm/kind of my brother to
band. She’s got a great voice. help me practise for my violin exam.
3 She also _________ for their songs. She’s
really clever with words.
4 She said they are going to _________ in a
studio soon.

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 UNIT

1 Vocabulary

Music and performance Feelings and emotions

1 Complete the sentences with the words in 3 Complete the table with the missing
the box. word forms.
classical music DJ guitarist hip hop Adjective Noun
jazz keyboard orchestra violin 1 _________
loneliness lonely
2 calm _________
1 I’m learning to play the _________
keyboard . I find
playing different notes with both hands 3 _________ embarrassment
at the same time really confusing! 4 happy _________
2 My cousin is a famous _________ . She 5 _________ satisfaction
makes her own playlist then plays the 6 pessimistic _________
songs in nightclubs all over the world. _________
7 sympathy
3 We need a new _________ for our band. _________
8 scared
The one we’ve got at the moment has
broken his arm so he can’t play. 4 Use the words from exercise 3 to complete
4 My mum really enjoys listening to the blog.
_________ , especially composed by
Beethoven. She finds it really calming.
5 My brother is really into _________ .
He even writes his own raps.
6 I’ve joined the school _________ . I really
enjoy playing with all the other musicians.
7 Do you like _________ music? I find it
hard to understand with all the different
instruments playing over each other.
8 Francesca used to play the _________ but
decided to change to the drums. She found Have you ever felt sad and 1 _________
lonely , like
playing a stringed instrument really hard. when you haven’t seen friends for so long?
I have. The 2 _________ of growing up and
2 Find 10 words and phrases connected with every day being just about school work is
music in the word square. common for people our age. School work
is important, but there’s more to life, right?
S V A L I V E A L B U M
So … I decided to set up a band! I messaged
U P L A Y L I S T R M T some friends to see if they’d be interested.
I was 3 _________ at first as I didn’t get
P C Y Y I A B R J E S L
any replies for a while. Then I told myself to
P E R F O R M A N C E T stay 4 _________ . Just relax and wait. I was
O Z I R K E F W H O L D
so 5 _________ when my friends started
to reply. I couldn’t stop smiling! We all felt
R Q C G S O K G U R L J a bit 6 _________ at first. None of us had
T V S A I Y F F O D O P played in front of each other before. But the
more we played, the better we got. They
B H J E O T W N Z D U I told me they had all felt lonely at times, just
A U D I E N C E L P T B like me. They were really 7 _________ when
I told them my worries. We all felt really
N B L E A D S I N G E R 8 _________ that we’d set up a great band
D R E L E A S E D B O J with a fantastic future for having fun!

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 UNIT

1 Vocabulary

Music and performance 3 Complete the sentences with the correct

form of the collocations from exercise 2.
1 My cousin’s band are ____________
going on tour next
month.
2 Did you know that Stormzy has just
_________ ? I’m going to buy it later.
3 My sister asked me to buy Taylor Swift’s
_________ for her birthday next week.
4 The _________ at the concert last night
was terrible. I couldn’t hear what they
were singing!
1 Complete the mini dictionary with words 5 What did you think of the _________ ?
related to making music. I thought they were rubbish! I couldn’t
wait for the main act to get on stage!
6 Quick! Get in the queue. Tickets are
Music word Definition _________ fast!
composer
1 _________ someone who writes music 7 I’ve always wanted to be the _________ in
a band.
2 _________ someone who plays the guitar
8 I’ve _________ for a few songs. I’m not
3 _________ a large group of musicians sure if they’re any good though!
who play different instruments
together
Extra challenge
4 _________ an instrument like a piano but
you can move it easily 4 Choose a question below and write
your answers.
5 _________ an instrument you hit with a stick
6 _________ a type of music. Some of the What was the last live music performance
songs have rap lyrics you saw? Where was it and who was
performing? What did you like about it?
7 _________ music written by people like
Mozart, Beethoven and Chopin 

8 _________ someone who plays music at
events or in nightclubs 

2 Complete the music phrases. Feelings and emotions

1 release _________
an album 5 Order the letters, then write (A) for
2 lead _________ adjective or (N) for noun next to them.
3 sell _________ 1 mlac  calm (A)
4 support _________ 2 demasarbers 
5 go on _________ 3 inlosinelse 
6 live _________ 4 rafe 
7 sound _________ 5 thymasyp 
8 write _________ 6 yahpp 
7 mestipiscis 
8 disfastei 

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 Time
7 flies!
There’s

WDYT?
no time
Time: how do people
like the
(What do you think?) fill time, save it and present!
waste it?
Vocabulary: reporting verbs;
idioms and expressions about Time is more valuable than money.
time
Grammar: reported speech;
reported questions
Reading: a timeline showing
how people have filled their Don’t waste
time over the years your time living
Listening: a quiz about time somebody else’s
Speaking: discussing points life.
of view
Writing: a report
The purpose
of life is to
Project: carry out and report
an interview have a good
Here today, gone tomorrow! time.

VIDEO SKILLS
Reporting verbs
1 Look at the unit title. Why do people say that ‘time flies’?
Video skills p85
2 Work in pairs. Read the quotes and discuss the questions.
1 What do you think each quote means?
2 Which quotes do you agree/disagree with?
3 Which is your favourite quote? Why?

Reported speech
Real-world speaking p91 We use reporting verbs to report what someone said.
‘Time is money!’ she said. She said that time was money.

3 Copy and complete the table with these reporting verbs.

admit advise agree ask explain invite

offer promise refuse say suggest tell
Project pp94–95
Verb + to Verb + object + to Verb + that
agree advise admit

84
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 Vocabulary 7
Time waits for no one. 5 Read the text and choose the correct
reporting verbs. Who do you think the police
might arrest next?

CRIME NEWS
The time to
make friends is
T he Daily News 1 reported/replied that
a murder had been committed yesterday
afternoon. A man was arrested, but he
before you need 2 insisted/denied that he had committed the
Good crime. He 3 claimed/recommended that he
them.
things had been at work from 9:00 until 5:00. When
the police questioned his business partner, she
come to 4 insisted/announced that he had not been in
those who the office all day. Later,
wait. the police 5 confirmed/
complained that the
same fingerprints had
been found in the office
and at the crime scene,
Time you 6 arguing/adding that
enjoy wasting they were about to make
is never a second arrest.
wasted!
6 Look again at the reporting verbs in
exercise 5. Which verb pattern from
exercise 3 do they all follow?

7 Listen to five short extracts. Which of

44

these verbs matches each extract?

announce complain insist recommend reply

VIDEO SKILLS

4 Check the meaning of the reporting

verbs in the box. Then match six of them
with the definitions a–f.
add announce argue claim complain
confirm deny insist point out
recommend reply report

a to say something as an answer

b to say that you are not satisfied
c to say that something is good or suitable
8 Watch the video. What problem does
d to make a public or official statement
Lara have? What advice is she given?
e to give reasons why you believe something
f a phrasal verb that means ‘to tell someone 9 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
something’ 1 Why do vloggers make ‘advice’ videos? Why are
they popular?
2 What would you give advice on if you made a
vlog like this?

85
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7 Reading and critical thinking
A timeline 6 Word work Are these definitions of the
1 Look at the pictures below and on p87. Have words in bold correct? Correct any errors.
you ever used any of these things? When? 1 A craze is something that gets popular quickly.
2 A video arcade is a place where people used to
2 45 Guess whether the sentences are true or watch films.
false. Then read, listen and check. 3 A must-have gadget is something that lots of
1 Some people can solve the Rubik’s Cube puzzle in people want.
less than a minute. 4 A millennium is a period of a hundred years.
2 People used to play Mario Bros before personal 5 When something makes a comeback, it becomes
game consoles were invented. popular again.
3 In the late 1990s, some Furbies were arrested.
4 Facebook was the first social networking site. 7 Answer the questions.
5 Pokémon Go! uses augmented reality. 1 How many Rubik’s Cubes have been sold?
2 Who are the main characters in the Mario Bros
video game, and who are their enemies?
Subskill: Recognising time references
Time references can help you to understand the 3 What language(s) could Furbies speak?
sequence of events in a text. For example: 4 How much time do people spend on Facebook
every day?
in the early/mid/late (80s), by (the 1990s), soon after/
5 Find one argument for and one against Pokémon Go!
afterwards, (a decade) later, after (ten years), the
previous/following year, now/nowadays/today/
currently
8 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures.
Answer the questions.
3 Check the meaning of the time references 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
above. Which can you find in the text?
1 Which of the dates do you associate with each
4 Complete each pair of sentences with two of picture?
the time references from each box, to make 2 Have you ever used any of these things?
the information true. 3 What else could you add to the timeline?
in the early 1980s nowadays since then
A B
1 The Rubik’s Cube became a craze (…) .
2 (…) you can find a lot of tips on YouTube.

24 hours 2004 by 2007

C
3 Facebook was invented in (…) .
4 (…) , Facebook had 30 million users.

20 years later 2016 in the 1990s

5 The original Pokémon craze happened (…) .

6 Pokémon Go! came out (…) .
CRITICAL THINKING
5 Complete the sentences.
1 The Rubik’s Cube was invented by (…) .
1 Remember Look at the timeline and write a list
2 Mario Bros was produced by (…) .
of all the ‘time-fillers’ that are mentioned.
3 The Furby was first sold in (…) . 2 Understand Write a description of each item
4 Facebook was invented by (…) . on your list.
5 In the first two years, Pokémon Go! was 3 Evaluate Do the things on your list waste time?
downloaded by (…) . Do any of them save time? Do they have any
other advantages?

86
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 7
Timeline: filling time through the decades!
Did you know?
Check out this timeline to see how
The Rubik’s Cube is named after its
people have ‘filled’ their time over inventor, Hungarian professor of
the years. What would you add? architecture Ernő Rubik.
Send us your ideas!

Rubik’s Cube 1980

When the Rubik’s Cube craze began in 1980, some people said that it would never last. But
more than 350 million cubes have been sold since then, and people are still trying to beat
the world record – currently less than five seconds! If you want to try, then first have a look
on YouTube, where lots of competitive ‘cubers’ are offering to share their secrets!

Mario Bros 1983

Do you remember Mario and Luigi? These brothers – some
people argued that they were twins – were plumbers who had
to fight strange creatures under the city of New York. In the
early 1980s many people spent hours playing this game in
video arcades. Soon afterwards, Nintendo announced that
they were bringing out Super Mario Bros for home computers
and game consoles.

Furby
A robotic creature called Furby was the ‘must-have’ new gadget of 1998. Furbies spoke 1998
their own language (Furbish) – for example, they said ‘doo-dah’ (‘yes’) or ‘boo’ (‘no’) when
their owner told them to do something – but they could also ‘learn’ English. The following
year, the US National Security Agency actually banned Furbies from its buildings because
some people claimed that they could repeat top-secret information!

Facebook
Facebook wasn’t the first social networking site
of the new millennium, but it soon became the
2004
biggest. Created by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004, it
gained 1,200 users in the first 24 hours. Three
years later, Facebook reported that the number
of registered users had reached 30 million.
Nowadays, more than a billion people around the
world spend 950 million hours a day on Facebook!

Pokémon Go!
Twenty years after the original Pokémon craze, the ‘pocket monsters’ made a comeback
in Pokémon Go! This time, players had to use the GPS on their mobiles to find augmented
reality creatures. Some people complained that the game could be dangerous because
players were too distracted, but fans argued that it was great that they had to go outside
2016
and do exercise. Clearly many people agreed – after just two years, the Pokémon Company
announced that more than 800 million people had downloaded the game.

What’s next?
What do you think the next big craze will be? Some
experts suggest that mobile devices won’t exist in ?
20 years’ time, so perhaps we’ll be playing games
on chips implanted in our bodies. Or maybe the old
20th-century time-fillers will make a comeback.

The longer read Resource centre 87

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7 Grammar
Reported speech 4 Read the examples and answer the questions.
Reported requests, offers, suggestions
1 Read the examples. Then copy and complete and commands
the table of tense changes.
Requests
Reported statements ‘Please send your ideas!’ They asked us to send
We use reported speech to report something that our ideas.
someone said. Offers
Direct speech ‘We’ll share our secrets on YouTube!’ They offered
‘Millions of people have downloaded our new to share their secrets on YouTube.
game,’ announced the company. Suggestions
‘It can be dangerous,’ complained some people.
‘Let’s all waste time sometimes!’ The writer
‘We have to exercise outdoors,’ argued the fans. suggested that we should all waste time sometimes.
Reported speech Commands
The company announced that millions of people ‘Don’t take the Furby into the building!’ They told
had downloaded their new game. me not to take the Furby into the building.
Some people complained that it could be
dangerous. 1 Which three verbs take the infinitive with to?
Fans argued that they had to exercise outdoors. 2 Which two verbs require an object?
3 Which verb takes a that clause?
Tense changes
Direct speech Reported speech 5 Complete the reported offers, requests,
present simple 1 (…) suggestions and commands.
present continuous past continuous 1 ‘Can you give us an example?’
past simple past perfect I asked the teacher (…) .
present perfect 2 (…) 2 ‘How about working in pairs?’
future conditional The teacher suggested that (…) .
must / have to 3 (…) 3 ‘I could help you.’
We also change pronouns, possessive adjectives My classmate offered (…) .
and expressions of time and place. 4 ‘Don’t start exercise 7 yet.’
The teacher told us (…) .
2 Rewrite the sentences using reported speech.
1 Facebook: ‘The number of users has reached one 6 46 Listen and match messages 1–4 with a–d.
billion.’
a He asked me to call back when I got the message.
Facebook said (that) the (…) .
b My friend suggested that we should meet at midday.
2 My grandma: ‘I found all my old school friends on
Facebook.’ c The shop assistant offered to help me.
d She told us not to leave baggage unattended.
My grandma said (that) she (…) .
3 My uncle: ‘I can’t survive without social media!’ 7 Answer the question to solve the Brain teaser.
My uncle said (that) he (…) .
4 My sister: ‘The next craze will be virtual reality.’ B N
R A I TEASER
My sister said (that) (…) .

3 Rewrite the message in reported speech. I asked the same question all day long, but
people replied with a different answer every
Remember to make all necessary changes. time. They insisted that they were telling the
truth, and I can confirm that their answers were
Paul: ‘I’m going into town tomorrow – I have to get my always correct!
phone fixed. I dropped it and the screen has broken! I’ll call
you when I’m there. We can meet for lunch!’ What was my question?

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 Vocabulary and Listening 7
Idioms and expressions A quiz
about time 5 47Look at the quiz question. Can you guess
1 Look at the expressions. Can you think of any the answer? Then listen and check.
more expressions related to time?
• Time flies when you’re having fun! It’s QUIZ time!
• Better late than never! Test yourself with questions from your
favourite radio quiz. This week it’s all
• There’s no time like the present.
about TIME!
• You can’t turn back the clock. How many time zones are there in
• Time will tell! the USA?
• (be) on time five seven nine
• (be) just in time
• run out of time
Subskill: Avoiding distractors
• make time for (someone/something)
The speakers might mention all the possible answers,
• manage your time but only one is correct. Read all the options before
Understanding idioms/sayings listening so that you know what the distractors are.
An idiom is an expression which has a meaning that
is different from the literal meaning of the words. 6 Listen to the quiz again and choose the
Idioms and sayings are used to add interest. correct option.
1 Which famous time traveller travels in a TARDIS?
Time flies when you’re a Hermione Granger
having fun! = Time b Marty McFly
seems to pass quickly c The Doctor
when you’re having 2 What do we call the study of measuring time?
a good time.
a etymology
b horology
2 Read the information and look at the example c metronomy
expression. Do you have a similar idiom in 3 Which calendar do most countries use today?
your language? Does your language have any a the Julian calendar
other idioms related to time? b the Gregorian calendar
3 Match 1–4 with idioms and sayings from c the lunar calendar
exercise 1. 4 How long does it take for the Earth to make a
complete turn on its axis?
1 You should do something now rather than
waiting until later. a less than 24 hours
2 It’s better to arrive late than not to arrive. b 24 hours exactly
3 We will learn the result of an action or decision in c more than 24 hours
the future.
4 We can’t change things that have already
7 Answer the questions.
happened, even if we regret them. 1 Did Rachel answer the first question correctly?
2 Why did Rachel mention ‘leap years’?
4 Find expressions in exercise 1 that match 3 How many questions did Rachel answer correctly?
the definitions. 4 What did she win?
1 organise your time 5 Who did Rachel say hello to?
2 arrive at the correct time
3 arrive early enough so you don’t miss something
Research
4 you don’t have enough time to finish something
Find out more about leap years or different types
5 to find the time for something/someone despite
of calendars.
being busy

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7 Grammar
Reported questions 4 Work in pairs. Ask your partner the direct
questions from exercise 3. Then report your
1 Read the examples. Then answer the questions.
partner’s answers.
Reported questions
Where are you from, Fatima?
We use reported questions to report a question that
someone asked.
I’m from Antalya, in Turkey.
Questions with Yes/No answers
Are you ready?’ The presenter asked if/whether I asked Fatima where she was from, and she told me that
Rachel was ready. she was from Antalya.
‘Can you repeat the options?’ Rachel asked if/
whether he could repeat the options. 5 Choose the correct option.
‘Have you decided?’ He asked if/whether she had
decided. GRAMMAR ROUND-UP
Questions that begin with Wh-/How
‘Which famous time traveller travels in a TARDIS?’ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
He asked which famous time traveller travelled in a
TARDIS.
‘How long does it take for the Earth to go round the Time travel …
sun?’ He asked how long it took for the Earth to
go round the sun.
Doctor Who
The Doctor
1 Are the tense changes the same as in reported Age: approx. 900–2,000 yearss old
statements? Home: Planet Gallifrey
Transport: the TARDIS
2 Do we use question marks in reported questions?
Enemies: Daleks and many
3 When do we use if/whether? other monsters and aliens
4 How does the word order change in reported
For anyone 1 which/who/whose
which/who/whoselives on
questions? another planet and doesn’t know, Doctor Who is
5 What happens in questions with do/does/did? the longest-running science-fiction TV programme
ever.
2 Rewrite the questions as reported questions. It 2 is/was/has beenbeenone of my favourite
Remember to change the tenses. programmes since I was a kid – when I was little,
1 ‘Will next year be a leap year?’ asked the quiz I was allowed 3 stay/to stay/staying
stay/stayingup late
presenter. to watch it. So I was really happy when someone
4 said/asked/told
said/asked/toldme that the next Doctor
The quiz presenter asked (…) . 5 is/will be/was going to bea woman – about
2 ‘What is a nanosecond?’ time, I thought! Jodie Whittaker became the
He asked (…) . Doctor when Peter Capaldi 6 is/was/were
‘regenerated’.
3 ‘How many babies are born every second?’
The Doctor has travelled through time, and
He asked (…) . 7 meet/has met/was meeting meetinga lot of famous
4 ‘Is the 13th Doctor a man or a woman?’ people, including Leonardo da Vinci and Einstein.
He asked (…) . I wish I 8 can/could/will be able to totime-travel!
If I could, I 9 travel/will travel/would travelto
5 ‘Who invented the first clock?’ Ancient Rome or Renaissance Italy. I’m sure
He asked (…) . people 10 watch/will be watching/will have
watched Doctor Who for years to come!
3 Read the reported questions. Then rewrite
them as direct questions.
1 I asked her where she was from. 6 Look at the questions in exercise 3 again. How
‘Where are you from?’ would the Doctor answer them?
2 I asked her how old she was.
3 I asked her how she usually travelled. Research
4 I asked her if she had met any famous people. Find the answers to the questions in exercise 2.

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 Real-world speaking 7

Discussing points of view 4 Create your own dialogue. Follow the steps in
the Skills boost.
1 Watch the video. Do you agree with their
opinions? SKILLS BOOST
THINK
2 Watch again. Which Key phrases do you hear? Choose your topic to debate: board games, classical
music, cosplay or video games. Decide who is for and
3 Complete the dialogue with five of these who is against. Make notes about your reasons.
words or phrases. There’s one word you don’t PREPARE
need. Prepare your dialogue. Remember to use the Key
a waste of time different great hate love silly phrases for discussing different points of view.

PRACTISE
Ryan Practise your dialogue.
A friend of mine has asked me to go to
that new sci-fi movie. What do you PERFORM
think about science fiction? Act out your dialogue for the class.
Monica

I 1 (…) it! There are so many great sci-fi movies!

Ryan
5 Peer review Listen to your classmates.
Do you think so? Answer the questions.
Monica
1 Which topic were they talking about?
Yes! Why, what’s your opinion?
Ryan 2 Which Key phrases did they use?
Well, it seems to me that it’s
2 (…) . I mean, it isn’t real, is it? Key phrases
Monica
Asking about other people’s points of view
I completely disagree! In my opinion, it’s
great to escape reality sometimes. Anyway, What do you think about … ?
today’s sci-fi could be tomorrow’s reality! What’s your opinion?
Ryan Giving your point of view
You have a point. But I’d It seems to me that … / In my opinion, …
rather watch something else.
Monica Describing other people’s opinions
Well, my sister went to see that movie (My sister) said that …
and she said that it was 3 (…) ! (Lots of people) have told me that …
Ryan Reacting to opinions
Maybe she’s right. But lots of people have Do you (really) think so?
told me that they thought it was 4 (…) .
Monica Maybe (you’re) right.
Well, we’re all 5 (…) , aren’t we? I (completely) agree/disagree!
Ryan You have a point. / Exactly. / We can agree on that!
Of course. We each have to make up our own mind.
US UK
Monica
Exactly. At least we can agree on that! My sister went to see that movie. (US) My sister went
to see that film. (UK)

Phrasebook p125 91
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 7 Writing

REPORT about how we spend

our time on school days
by Laura Graft

This report summarises the results of a class survey about how we spend our time
1 introduction on school days. We asked 30 students to answer questions about how long they
spent studying sleeping and enjoying free time the previous day.
First, we asked how many hours people had spent at school, travelling to and from
school, and doing their homework. Forty per cent replied that they had spent 7–9
hours on these activities, while 60% said these activities had taken 9–10 hours.
When asked how many hours they had spent sleeping, the vast majority (more
than 90%) reported that they had slept 8–10 hours, with just 10% sleeping less or
2 main body more than this.
Regarding free time, eight out of ten students said that they had had 3–5 hours
free time the previous day, and 20% claimed that they had had less than three
hours. Popular free time activities included spending time with friends and family,
doing sport and going to activity clubs.
To sum up, this survey shows that students usually spend most of their time
3 conclusion sleeping or studying on weekdays, but in their free time they try to make time for
friends, family, sports and activities.

A report Subskill: Talking about statistics

We often use percentages and expressions of
1 Read the survey and answer the questions. quantity to talk about statistics in a report.

25% 50% 80% 95% a large proportion

eight out of ten half of the people more than half
SURVEY: How do you spend your
time on an average school day? one in four the (vast) majority the minority
How long did you spend …
• at school yesterday? (…) hours 4 Write the percentages and expressions of
• travelling to/from school? quantity in order, from the smallest to the
(…) minutes / hours biggest. Which ones mean the same?
• doing your homework?
(…) minutes / hours 80% = eight out of ten
• sleeping? (…) hours
How much free time did you have? 5 Find five statistics in Laura’s report. Write each
(…) hours one in a different way.
How did you spend your free time? Forty per cent = Less than half
(…)

2 Read Laura’s report. Are any of the answers

the same as your answers from exercise 1?

3 Read the report again. Which part:

a summarises the answers from the survey?
b gives a general conclusion?
c says what the report is about and how the
information was collected?

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 QUICK REVIEW 7
6 Look at the results of another survey.
Grammar
1 What did you do to save time yesterday?
• About a quarter of my class said that they had got Direct speech
up earlier so that they’d have more time. We use direct speech to repeat the exact words that
• Fifty per cent had used public transport because it someone said.
was quicker than walking. ‘Millions of people have downloaded the game,’
• 95% had used technology to save time (e.g. for announced the company.
doing chores at home). ‘It can be dangerous,’ complained some people.
2 How did you waste time yesterday? Reported speech
• Ten per cent of respondents said that they had We use reported speech to report something that
spent too much time sleeping. someone said.
• About half of the people in my class reported that The company announced that millions of people had
they had watched too much TV. downloaded the game.
Some people complained that it could
d be dangerous.
• The majority (85%) admitted that they had wasted
time online. Reported requests, offers, suggestions
and commands
7 Write a report. Choose task a or b. Follow the ‘Please send your ideas!’ They asked us to send our ideas.
steps in the Skills boost. ‘We’ll share our secrets on YouTube!’ They offered to
share their secrets on YouTube.
a Carry out the survey in exercise 1 in your class,
‘Let’s all waste time now and again!’ The writer
and write a report about the results. suggested d that we should all waste time now and again.
b Write a report about the survey results in exercise 6. ‘Don’t take the Furby into the building!’ They told me not
to take the Furby into the building.

SKILLS BOOST Reported questions

THINK
Choose your task. Make sure you have all the Questions with Yes/No answers
information and statistics that you need. ‘‘Are you ready?’ The presenter asked if/whether Rachel
was ready.
PREPARE ‘Can you repeat the options?’ Rachel asked if/whether he
Organise the information into three sections: could repeat the options.

1 Introduction: say what the report is about and Questions that begin with Wh-/How
how you collected the information ‘Which famous time traveller travels in a TARDIS?’ He
2 Main body: summarise the answers to each asked which famous time traveller travelled in a TARDIS.
question in the survey ‘What do we call the study of measuring time?’ He asked
3 Conclusion: Sum up the results of the survey what we called the study of measuring time.

WRITE
Write your report. Use the example in exercise 2 to Vocabulary
help you.

CHECK 48 Reporting verbs

Read your report and answer the questions. add, admit, advise, agree, announce, argue, ask, claim,
complain, confirm, deny, explain, insist, invite, offer,
1 Have you used percentages and expressions of point out, promise, recommend, refuse, reply, report,
quantity to talk about statistics? say, suggest, tell
2 Have you used reported speech and reported
questions correctly?
49 Idioms and expressions about time
Time flies when you’re having fun!
Better late than never!
8 Peer review Exchange your report with There’s no time like the present.
another student. Answer the questions. You can’t turn back the clock.
Time will tell!
1 Has the writer mentioned all the questions
(be) on time / just in time
in the survey?
run out of time
2 Has the writer explained how the statistics were make time for (someone / something)
collected? manage your time
3 Did you read anything interesting or surprising?
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 7 Project
WDYT? Time: how do people STEP 2: PLAN
fill time, save it and 4 Work in pairs. Read the tips in the Super
(What do you think?)
waste it? skills box and practise saying the Key
phrases with a partner.

TASK: Imagine you can travel CREATIVITY

through time. Interview a person Using your imagination
from the past and report to the Tips

class what he/she told you. It’s good to search for inspiration, but try to be
original in the end.
Learning outcomes If an idea doesn’t work straight away, keep
trying. As Einstein said, ‘Failure is success in
1 I can carry out an interview and report it to progress!’
the class.
Key phrases
2 I can use appropriate language from the unit.
Let’s brainstorm some ideas.
3 I can be creative and use my imagination.
Let’s think outside the box.
Graphic organiser Project planner p121 I know it sounds crazy, but how about … ?
That’s an amazing idea. I love it!
I’m not sure about that. It might be too difficult
Which idea is the most original, do you think?
1 Watch a video of students
Let’s explore this idea further.
presenting the conclusions from their
interview. How many questions did they
ask? 5 Work in your pairs. Brainstorm famous
people from history and agree which
person you are going to interview. Use
the tips and Key phrases in the Super
skills box.

STEP 3: CREATE
6 Read the How to … tips on p121. Then
carry out your interview.
• One student is the interviewer and one the
interviewee.
STEP 1: THINK • The interviewer should listen and take notes
of the answers.
2 Look at parts A and B of the Model project. • If possible, record your interview.
Were they made before, during or after the
interview? 7 Now work together to prepare your
report of the interview. You can write an
3 Look at A and B again. Which one uses article, make a presentation or make a
direct statements and questions, and video report. Use Part B to help you.
which one uses reported statements and
questions?

94 Grammar and Vocabulary Quick review p93

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 Model project
W e int er vie we d
B

A
Project: inte
erview a famous person
Cl eo pa tra …
from the passt an d th is is
Alice and Jack wh at we lea rn t!
C
Cleopatra
Alexa
andria, Egypt
Introduction
32 BC
Hello! We’re Alice and Jack
and we’re doingg a project about time travel. Do
you mind if we ask you a few questions?
Report of
questions
and
answers

Conclusion

Weell we’v
’v come to the end
’ve
ooff our
our interview
w now.. Thannk
nk you so much for
makaking time foor us!

7 FINAL REFLECTION
STEP 4: PRESENT
1 The task
8 Practise reporting your interview to the class. Did you complete Part A and Part B?
Check that you’ve used reported
2 Super skill
speech correctly.
How creative was your project?
9 Report your interview to the class. Did you and your partner both use
your imagination?
10 Peer review Listen to your classmates’ 3 Language
reported interviews and answer the questions. Did you use reported statements
1 Which famous person did you find and reported questions?
most interesting?
2 Think of an extra question to ask about each Beyond the task
famous person. In the past, people didn’t have all the technology that we
have today. Do you think that we save or waste more time
with technology, or both?

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7 Grammar reference

Reported speech Reported requests, offers,

Direct speech Reported speech suggestions and commands
‘I play video games.’ She said (that) she played
video games.
• when we report requests we often use the reporting
verb ask. This verb is always followed by an object
‘We are playing video They said (that) they were She asked me to send them a photo.
games.’ playing video games.
‘We played this video They said (that) they had • when we report offers we usually use the reporting
game.’ played that video game. verb offer. This verb is usually followed by the
infinitive with to
‘I’ve started to read this You said (that) you had
book.’ started to read that book. They offered to give us a lift to the station.
‘We’ll see you in the park
later.’
They said (that) they would
see us in the park later.
• when we report suggestions we often use the
reporting verb suggest. This verb is often followed by
‘I can download it on my She said (that) she could that
phone.’ download it on her phone. He suggested that we all go out for dinner.
‘You have to exercise three
times a week.’
The doctor said (that) I had
to exercise three times a
• suggest can be followed by -ing, especially if it’s used
to talk about a plan
week.
• we use reported speech to report what someone
She suggested going to the cinema on Saturday.
said • when we report commands we usually use the

• when we use direct speech, we write the exact words

reporting verbs ask or tell. They are always followed
by an object
the person said inside quotation marks. However,
when we use reported speech we do not use He told us to remember to hand in our projects.
quotation marks
John said he had uploaded the photo to the website. Reported questions
• the tense changes from the one that the speaker Yes/No questions
originally used ‘Are you hungry?’ He asked if/whether she
‘I didn’t have breakfast.’ was hungry.
She said she hadn’t had any breakfast. ‘Have you eaten lunch They asked if/whether we
yet?’ had eaten lunch yet.
• when we report what someone else says, we
Wh- questions
generally need to change the pronoun
‘Which cup of coffee is He asked which cup of
‘I went shopping with my brother,’ said Tom.
yours?’ coffee was mine.
Tom said that he had gone shopping with his brother.
‘How long are you going He asked how long I was
• when we use reported speech we often need to away for?’ going away for.
change or omit time expressions • we use reported questions to report a question that
‘I want to go away next weekend,’ said Jill. someone asked
Jill said she wanted to go away the following
weekend.
• the tense changes are the same in questions as they
are in reported speech. However, we don’t use the
Direct speech Reported speech same question word order. We don’t use auxiliary
verbs and we put the subject before the verb
today that day
Rick asked when I had seen John.
tomorrow the day after/the following
day • with yes/no questions we put either if or whether
yesterday the day before/the before the reported words
previous day Mum asked if/whether we were late for school.
next week the week after/the
following week
• with wh- questions we include the question word
Dad asked where I was last night.
last week the week before/the
previous week • with reported questions we don’t use a question
ten years ago ten years before mark
this year that year Dad asked who I was with.

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021

 Grammar practice 7
Reported speech Reported requests, offers,
1 Write these sentences in reported speech. suggestions and commands
1 ‘I’m ready to play.’ 4 Write the sentences in reported speech with
The contestant said that she was ready to play. the correct verb ask, offer, suggest or tell.
2 ‘I haven’t played chess online.’ 1 ‘Don’t start the test until I say go.’
The boy said The teacher told us not to start the test until
3 ‘We downloaded a new game, which is fun.’ she said go.
They said 2 ‘Why don’t you use a dictionary?’
4 ‘Playing games online can be addictive.’ My friend
The psychologist said 3 ‘Please can I have some paper?’
5 ‘We’ll go and buy the new model tomorrow.’ The student
They said 4 ‘I’ll wait for you after class.’
Stefan
2 Rewrite the information using reported
5 ‘Go to the gym for your PE class.’
speech.
The coach
Pete 6 ‘Let’s study together in the library.’
Thanks for agreeing to collect Jane from the Paula
station. She is quite tall and she’s got long
blonde hair. She’ll have two big suitcases with
her. She has had a long journey so she will
Reported questions
probably look tired. She took some lunch with 5 Choose the correct option.
her so she won’t be hungry. 1 My boss asked me whether I wanted/wanted I to
Thanks, Ted go to the meeting.
2 The teacher asked us if we had finished/had we
Ted said thanks for agreeing to collect Jane from finished our essays.
the station. 3 Dad asked me where I had put/did I put my bike.
 4 My sister asked Dave how had he studied long/
 how long he had studied Chinese.
5 We asked them which wanted they game/game
they wanted to play.
3 Choose the correct option. 6 I asked you if you had to do/whether had you
1 ‘I didn’t see him at the beach yesterday’. to do any homework tonight.
Frances said that I/she hadn’t see him at the
beach yesterday/the previous day.
6 Rewrite the questions using reported speech.
1 ‘Where are you staying?’
2 ‘You can easily hurt yourselves so you need to be
careful.’ He asked me where I was staying.
The coach said that we can/could easily hurt 2 ‘What are you doing later?’
themselves/ourselves so we needed to be They asked me
careful. 3 ‘Which musical instrument can you play?’
3 ‘I last played this board game two years ago’. My aunt asked
She said that I/she had last played that board 4 ‘Have you ever watched Dr Who?’
game two years ago/two years before.
My cousin asked
4 ‘Harry gave me this book last week.’
5 ‘Did you enjoy the meal?’
She said that Harry had given her/him the book
He asked me
last week/the previous week.
6 ‘How long does it take you to get to work?’
5 ‘I’ll see you at the cinema.’
My boss asked me
Nina said she will/would see us/you at the
cinema.

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021

 UNIT

7 Grammar

Reported speech 3 Complete the reported requests, offers,

suggestions and commands. Use the past
1 Choose the tense that was used in the form of the verbs in the box.
original statement.
ask offer suggest tell (x2)
1 They said they would call me the
next day. a
2 He said he had played the game for
three hours the day before.
3 She said she was at work every day from
9:00 am to 5:00 pm.
4 They said they were eating dinner
right now.
5 You said you had never been to his
house before.
6 I said I had to leave early to go to 1 The teacher   told  us to start
the doctor. the test.
a future with will 2 He to help her with her
shopping bags.
b have to
3 My dad we should go to
c past simple
the museum.
d present continuous
4 My sister me to go shopping
e present perfect with her, but I was busy and said no.
f present simple 5 My parents us not to come
2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in home late.
the correct tense.
1 Rosa and Tim: We’re going to the station. Reported questions
They said they were going to the station. 4 Choose the correct option.
2 Tania: I’ll see you again tomorrow. 1 She asked me what
She said she me again the a my name was.
next day. b was my name.
3 Ivan: They gave me a new phone. 2 They asked me if
He said they him a new phone. a I was a student.
4 You: I have to get up early tomorrow. b was I a student.
You said you up early the 3 He asked me what
next day. a had I bought.
5 Martin and I: We haven’t seen the new b I had bought.
music video. 4 She asked me if
We said we the new a I played the guitar.
music video. b did I play the guitar.
6 Teacher: I’m marking the tests now. 5 They asked me how much
She said she the tests then. a was the bus ticket.
b the bus ticket was.

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Basics

 UNIT

7 Grammar

Reported speech 3 Rewrite the sentences with asked, told,

suggested or offered.
1 Complete the sentences using reported
speech. Remember to change pronouns
and time phrases where necessary.
1 ‘I went to the concert yesterday.’
He said that he had been to the concert
the day before            .
2 ‘She didn’t give me her phone number.’
He said .
3 ‘We went to see my uncle last year.’
She said .
4 ‘We are finishing our project today.’
1 ‘Listen carefully!’
They said .
The teacher told us to listen carefully .
5 ‘I’m going to visit my grandma next
2 ‘I’ll buy the tickets.’
weekend.’
He .
Maria said .
3 ‘Don’t use your phones.’
6 ‘I’ll phone you tomorrow.’
She .
You said .
4 ‘Let’s have lunch.’
2 Read the dialogue. Rewrite it using She .
reported speech.
5 ‘Please can you send me a text.’
1 Lisa: We’re all going ice He .
skating this afternoon. 6 ‘I’ll lend you my calculator.’
He .
Lisa said they were all going ice skating
that afternoon.
Reported questions
2 Mike: I can’t go with you because I 4 Complete the reported questions by
have to go to my guitar lesson today. putting the words in the correct order.
1 She asked me what my name was .
(name / was / what / my)
3 Lisa: OK! We’ll see you
2 She asked me
at the park tomorrow.
.
(could / I / a text / send / her / if)
3 He asked me
4 Mike: Yes! I’ll bring some .
lemonade and some crisps. (studied / what / had / that day / I)
4 She asked me
.
5 Lisa: Good! We’re going to meet (were / we / home/ going / if)
at the fountain at 11:00 am. 5 He asked me
.
(would / meet / when / we / again)

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Standard

 UNIT

7 Grammar

Reported speech Reported questions

1 Complete the reported speech sentences. 3 Write a reported question for each answer.
1 ‘I’ll give you some extra money if you 1 She asked me what my name was .
help me wash the car.’ My name is Waqar.
My dad said he would give me some extra 2 She asked me .
money if I helped him wash the car . Yes, I like studying English very much.
2 ‘We usually play football after school, but
3 She asked me .
we went sailing yesterday instead.’
No, I’ve never been to the UK.
He said .
4 She asked me .
3 ‘If you study hard and pass your exams,
I’ll buy you a smartwatch.’ I played volleyball with my friends
last weekend.
My mum said .
5 She asked me .
4 ‘I have to work late tomorrow, and I won’t
be home in time for dinner.’ Next weekend, we’ll go to our cottage in
the countryside.
She said .
5 ‘I’m doing my homework now, but I’ll call
you later.’ Grammar round-up
She said . 4 Complete the dialogue. Use one word in
each gap.
2 Find and correct the mistakes.
A: O h no! The teacher’s 1    told  me
1 The teacher told her write on the board. to write my essay again. How about
The teacher told her to write on the board. you Jody?
2 They offered us to buy some ice cream B: S he said I 2 spent enough
for us. time on it. There were too many mistakes!
A: W hy do they 3 us do so
3 Our teacher suggested that us to make much homework?
a video. B: I know! If we 4 have so
much homework, we 5
hang out with friends more and do
4 My dad told me not staying up late.
cool stuff online.
A: I agree. By the way, my brother’s
5 My brother asked we help him with in Croatia at the moment. He’s
his project. 6 posting photos on
his blog. Do you want to see them?
6 My sister offered making a cake for B: S ure! If you send me the link, I 7
my birthday. take a look. He’s been there for a few
weeks, 8 he?
A: Y es. And by the end of this week,
he’ll 9 been there for
a whole month.
B: W hat 10 he do when he
11 back home?
A: H e’s not sure, but he 12
apply for a job at a wildlife centre.

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Higher

 UNIT

7 Vocabulary

Reporting verbs Idioms and expressions about time

1 Match verbs 1–8 to their definitions a–h.
1 say  a 
say you have the same
opinion as someone
2 advise b 
use spoken words
3 invite c 
say you will not 4 Match words in the columns to complete
do something the time idioms and expressions.
4 admit  d 
to give information 1 better flies than never
to someone
2 make will time
5 promise 
e 
offer someone helpful
words of experience 3 time late time
6 agree  f 
ask someone to an 4 just time tell
event, like a party 5 manage turn for someone/thing
7 refuse g 
say that you are 6 time in when you’re having fun
guilty of something 7 run your back the clock
8 tell  h 
say that you will not 8 you can’t out of time
tell a secret
5 Complete the exam advice with the time
2 Write the reporting verbs in the past simple. idioms and expressions in the box.
1 add added
_________ are on time
2 argue _________ ‘Better late than never!’ Make time for
3 say _________ Manage your time run out of time
4 deny _________ There’s no time like the present
5 tell _________ time will tell
6 point out _________ You can’t turn back the clock
7 admit _________
1 Make sure you don’t _____________
run out of time in
8 reply _________ your exam.
3 Choose the correct option. 2 _________ well by making a revision plan.
1 The robber claimed/denied he had been 3 Don’t put off studying. _________ . Why
sleeping when the crime happened. not make a start now?!
2 She added/insisted that her boss pay her 4 Set off early for your exam to make sure
wages that day. you _________ .
3 The government announced/complained 5 If you arrive late you won’t be allowed in.
that taxes would be cut. The teacher won’t say _________
4 Police recommended/reported that they 6 Don’t work too hard. _________ having
had arrested the murderer yesterday. fun with friends and family.
5 The teacher told/confirmed that she 7 Only _________ if all your hard work was
was correct. worth it. You’ll have to wait for your results.
6 He complained/announced that his soup 8 Try not to worry if you don’t do as well as
was cold. expected. _________ but you can look to
the future.
7 The student denied/pointed that he had
cheated in the exam.
8 She added/replied to his question when
she’d finished eating.

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Basics

 UNIT

7 Vocabulary

Reporting verbs 3 Use the correct form of the reporting verbs

in the box to complete the sentences.
1 Complete the table with the headings in
the box. Add two more reporting verbs to announce argue claim complain
each column. deny insist point out recommend
verb + that verb + to verb + object + to 1 The couple __________
announced their
engagement on Facebook.
2 The shoplifter _________ she had been
agree advise admit wrongfully arrested.
offer ask say 3 His teacher _________ that he had
missed the last question.
4 Their neighbour _________ the new
Mexican restaurant in the town centre.
2 Read the statement clues. Which reporting 5 The new dad _________ that he wasn’t
verb would you use for each one? Write getting enough sleep.
your answers in the crossword. 6 Kate’s sister _________ that she had
1C O N F I 2R M borrowed her brand new dress.
3 7 Sam’s boss _________ on paying the bill
4
for the meal.
8 I _________ that I would still have time
to do my homework even if I saw my
5
friends first.

6
Idioms and expressions about time
4 Order the time idioms and expressions to
make phrases.
7
1 time / of / out / run
Clues: run out of time
Across 2 time / just / in
1 ‘Yes, that’s right. I did say that.’ 
5 ‘I’m not happy about my food. The chicken 3 you’re / time / fun / when / flies / having
isn’t cooked!’ 
6 ‘You’re wrong! I know I’m right because 4 time / something / for / make
I saw it happen.’ 
7 ‘Burglaries have increased recently.’ 5 no / like / there’s / time / present / the
Down 
2 ‘I think that new Mission Impossible film 6 tell / time / will
is amazing! You should go and see it.’ 
3 ‘Yes please. I’ll have two of those.’ 7 clock / back / you / the / turn / can’t
4 ‘We’re getting married in June!’ 
6 ‘And another thing … I need some 8 late / better / never / than
carrots too.’ 

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Standard

 UNIT

7 Vocabulary

Reporting verbs 8 ‘I’ve checked again and the exam is

definitely next Wednesday.’
1 Match the verbs to their definitions. There

are four extra verbs.
add admit advise agree claim Idioms and expressions about time
explain invite offer point out
promise refuse suggest
3 Which time idioms and expressions would
you use in the following situations?
1 have the same opinion
as someone agree
_________ 1 I can’t believe the summer holidays have
2 give a reason for doing finished already!
something _________ Time
 flies when you’re having fun!
3 ask someone to a party, 2 My exam ended at 3:00 pm, but I finished
for example _________ my last sentence at 2.59 pm!
4 give someone an idea to 
think about _________ 3 I’ve been working so hard recently.
5 say that you are guilty of I never see my friends and I miss them.
something _________ 
6 say you are ready to help 4 I’ve been putting off cleaning the windows,
someone or give them but I suppose I should do it now.
something  _________

7 give someone helpful
5 My interview is at 10:00 am so I must get
words of experience _________
there by then.
8 say no to doing something _________

2 Rewrite the spoken phrase in reported 6 My granddad always tells me how he
speech using an appropriate reporting verb. wishes he was young again.
1 ‘I think you should buy the black dress. It 
really suits you.’ 7 We’ll have to wait and see if all your hard
The
 sales assistant recommended that work gets you good exam results.
she
 bought the black dress. 
2 ‘And another thing before I go – I haven’t 8 I never hand my homework in on time
fed the cat yet.’ and I’m always late for everything!
 
3 ‘The school is going to be closed
on Friday.’ Extra challenge
 4 Write three mini dialogues using three
4 ‘This pen is mine actually, not yours.’ different time idioms from exercise 3.
 
5 ‘Oh look. You’ve dropped your book.’ 
 
6 ‘You really must do your homework 
before Monday!’ 
 
7 ‘Why haven’t you tidied your bedroom
yet? I’ve asked you a thousand times!’

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Higher
 5 Environment

WDYT? What can you do

to be greener?
(What do you think?)

C
Vocabulary: the environment;
protecting the planet;
DO D
materials
Grammar: the passive; be
allowed to, let, make;
impersonal phrases
Reading: an article about A
clothes and the environment
Listening: a radio programme
about cleaning up beaches
B
Speaking: comparing and
contrasting
Writing: a blog
Project: create a leaflet for an
environmental campaign

VIDEO SKILLS

The environment
Video skills p61
1 Match the verbs with the nouns. Can any of the verbs go with
more than one noun? Add more words.
Verb Nouns
give up look after reduce the environment plastic
recycle save plant pollution trees waste water

Real-world speaking p67 2 Which of the things in exercise 1 …

1 do you do to help the environment?
2 can people in your school do?
3 should the government do more about?

Protecting the planet

Project pp70–71
3 Look at the photos. What do they show? Which things are problems?
Which are eco-friendly solutions?

4 Check the meaning of the words in bold. Then match photos A–H
to the Dos and Don’ts. Would you add any advice?
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 F Vocabulary 5
6 31Complete the sentences with a suitable
verb. Look at the poster to help you. Then
listen. Does Kamil agree or disagree with the
statements? What do you think?
E 1 It’s OK to (…) clothes. It’s too much work to mend
them.
2 It’s a good idea to (…) things, for example, make old
clothes into a bag.
3 It’s not young people’s job to (…) endangered
species.
4 The government should make sure companies don’t
(…) rivers and seas with chemicals and other waste.
5 When people (…) forests, it can cause serious
problems.
6 It’s impossible to (…) plastic bags. People will always

GREEN TEENs say ...

use them.

7 Work in pairs. Look at the Dos again and

put the advice in order of importance. Compare
DON’T with other pairs. Can you convince them that
Cut down trees and destroy your order is correct?
G
forests – we need to reduce
deforestation We think the most important
Pollute rivers, seas and oceans
thing to do is make everyone
use renewable energy.
Use pesticides – ban them
Throw away old clothes – mend We don’t agree. We think you
old clothes instead! should ban plastic bags.
H If you don’t need them,
give them to charity Banning plastic bags is good, but
Send rubbish to landfill –
using renewable energy is more
recycle, reuse and repurpose important, because other types
things as much as po ssible of energy create pollution.

You’re right. OK, next we have …

5 Find words for these definitions. Which exist VIDEO SKILLS

or are used in your country?
1 the process of removing the trees from an area of
land
2 the slow increase in the temperature of the Earth
3 types of animals or plants that may soon become
extinct
4 the changes that are thought to affect the world’s
weather
5 forms of energy for providing electricity that use
natural processes, e.g. sun, wind
6 chemicals used for killing insects, especially those
that damage crops 8 Watch the video. What different images
7 a place with turbines to produce energy from the are used?
wind
8 energy from sunlight 9 What is there in the video that helps
9 a large hole in the ground where waste is buried you to understand it? Think about:
• text • images • the presenter

Pronunciation: /ʃən/ p117 61

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5 Reading and critical thinking
An article 4 Word work Match the definitions to the
1 Write as many words and expressions as you words in bold in the text.
can related to the environment. Then look at 1 sets of clothes that are worn together
the heading of the article. Which of your words 2 making goods in big quantities in a factory
do you think will be in the article? 3 causing damage or problems
climate change, renewable energy … 4 an important product that people use regularly
5 small things that you wear with clothes as decoration
2 Read the article quickly and choose the best
6 not desired or no longer desired
option.
The article is about … 5 Are the statements true or false? Correct the
1 the best way to organise your wardrobe. false statements.
2 how your choices when you buy and use your 1 Growing enough cotton for two pairs of jeans takes
clothes could benefit the environment. 15,000 litres of water.
2 Making a pair of jeans produces the same amount
Subskill: Identifying the central idea of CO2 as driving 125 kilometres.
The main message of a text is the central idea. 3 Nowadays people don’t wear their clothes as often
Understanding this means identifying: as they used to.
1 the main topic 4 In the UK, 235 million items of clothing will be
2 what the writer wants you to know donated to charity next year.
Looking at the title, first and last paragraphs and 5 To create a capsule wardrobe, you only need one
noticing repeated words and phrases can help you pair of trousers that matches lots of different tops.
to understand the main message. 6 You can use accessories in your capsule wardrobe to
make outfits look different.
3 Read and listen to the text. Answer the
32

questions. 6 Work in pairs and answer the questions.

1 The title suggests that … 1 What do people usually think about when they want
a having fashionable clothes is bad for the to protect the environment?
environment. 2 How many items of clothing are produced every
b there is a link between what’s in our wardrobes year?
and the environment. 3 How many Olympic pools could you fill with the
2 The first paragraph suggests that … clothes thrown away in one hour in America?
a the number of items of clothing we have is 4 How many items should you ideally have in a
important. capsule wardrobe?
b the most important environmental problem is 5 How long should you live with your wardrobe after
endangered species. you’ve first organised it?
3 The last paragraph recommends readers to … 6 How many pairs of jeans does the advice suggest for
a capsule wardrobe?
a talk to other people about their clothes.
b do something about the contents of their own
wardrobe. CRITICAL THINKING
4 Look for any repeated words or phrases and then
choose the best option. The main message of the
text is: 1 Remember What are the steps for creatingcre a
a To help the environment we need to reduce capsule wardrobe?
the amount of clothes we have and a capsule 2 Analyse Think about the contents of your
wardrobe is a good way to do this. wardrobe. How many things do you have? Is there
anything you’ve never worn?
b In order to protect the environment everyone
should buy fewer pairs of jeans, recycle their 3 Create Make a list of all your clothes and
create a list of your top 10 items that you would
clothes and use more accessories.
definitely keep in your capsule wardrobe.

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 5

Could YOUR WARDROBE Make your wardrobe greener

help save the planet? 1 Organise your wardrobe.
What do you wear? Put anything
you don’t wear to the side.
How many clothes do you own? 20 items? 50? 100? When we think
2 Live with your wardrobe for
of protecting the environment, we usually think of things like
three months.
saving endangered species, using renewable energy or reducing
Don’t buy anything new.
deforestation. We don’t think about how many clothes we have. Here’s
why we should. 3 Donate or recycle anything you
haven’t worn.
The fashion industry is one of the most Even worn-out clothes can
EVERY YEAR, harmful industries for the planet. Huge be recycled.
2 BILLION PAIRS amounts of energy and natural resources are
used to produce clothes. Consider a pair of 4 Start creating your capsule
OF JEANS ARE jeans. Around 15,000 litres of water were used wardrobe.
MANUFACTURED to grow the cotton for them, over 300 grams Before you buy anything new,
WORLDWIDE. of pesticides were used on the cotton, and ask yourself:
chemicals were used in dyeing the material. • Do I really need it?
Manufacturing the jeans produced 32 kilos of carbon dioxide – as • Is it good quality?
much as driving 125 kilometres. Add to that the energy that was used • Will I wear it regularly?
to transport and sell them. Multiply those figures for each item you • Can I wear it with lots of
have and you start to see the size of the problem. other items in my wardrobe?
That’s not all – fashion produces a lot of waste. Worldwide, 100 Tip! Try the three rule: one casual,
billion new pieces of clothing are produced every year, but each one smart and one in-between for
item is worn 30% less than in the past. Enough unwanted clothes each ‘staple’, for example jeans
are collected every hour in America to fill three Olympic swimming or shoes.
pools! In the UK alone, experts predict that 680 million items of
clothing will be thrown away next
spring. Some will be given to charity
or recycled, but an astonishing 235
million items will end up in landfill.
But we all want to look good too! A
capsule wardrobe could be the answer
– simply put, it’s having a small
number of clothes and using them
to make as many different outfits as
possible. For example, each pair of
trousers should match with lots of
different tops.
Use accessories, such as belts, ties or
jewellery to add variety to each outfit.
For a true capsule wardrobe, the limit is
37 items – could you do it? Try!
Nothing is going to be done about the
problem unless we all take action. We
can each start with our wardrobe!

The longer read Resource centre 63

www.frenglish.ru
5 Grammar
The passive 4 Complete the sentences using the passive form.
1 He isn’t going to repair the TV.
1 Match 1–4 with examples a–d. Then write the The TV (…) .
negative forms of the passive verbs in a–d. 2 They aren’t going to recycle these newspapers.
The passive These newspapers (…) .
a 15,000 litres of water were used by farmers to 3 They will cut down lots of trees.
grow the cotton for the jeans. Lots of trees (…) .
b Nothing is going to be done about the problem 4 The government won’t stop water pollution.
unless we all take action.
Water pollution (…) .
c 100 billion new pieces of clothing are produced 5 People are going to use more renewable energy.
every year.
More renewable energy (…) .
d In the UK, 680 million items of clothing will be
thrown away next spring. 5 Complete the text with the correct passive or
1 present simple passive active form of the verbs in brackets.
2 past simple passive
3 future passive with will (predictions)
4 future passive with be going to (plans)
The passive infinitive
The passive infinitive can be with or without to,
depending on the verb it follows. It is used after
modal verbs and can be used after other verbs.
Even worn-out clothes can be recycled.
The number of clothes we buy needs to be reduced.
Many cities around the world 1 (…) (give) free or
Many teenagers expect to be given new clothes.
reduced-cost transport in exchange for recycling.
The new clothes aren’t going to be designed today. In Surabaya, in Indonesia, plastic bottles 2 (…)
(accept) instead of money on buses and you
2 Complete the text with the correct present or 3 (…) (get) two hours of free travel. In Beijing in
past simple passive form of the verb in brackets. China, free train rides 4 (…) (give) to people who
recycle. Last year in Istanbul, 25 machines 5 (…)
4Ocean is a company that makes bracelets from rubbish (install) that take plastic bottles. The bottles 6 (…)
in our oceans. It 1 (…) (start) by Andrew Cooper and (scan) by the machine and then it 7 (…) (add)
Alex Schulze in 2017. Each bracelet uses almost 500 g of credit to passengers’ metro cards. These cards can
rubbish. The beads 2 (…) (make) from recycled glass 8 (…) (use) on all forms of public transport. More
bottles and the cord 3 (…) (make) from plastic bottles. machines 9 (…) (install) by the council later this
Andrew and Alex had the idea when they went on a year. Experts predict that recycling machines like
surfing trip to Bali and saw all the rubbish in the water. these 10 (…) (use) in more cities in the future.
When they started, local fishermen 4 (…) (pay) to collect
rubbish instead of fish and the bracelets 5 (…) (create)
to raise money to continue. In the first two years, nearly 6 Answer the question to solve the Brain teaser.
one million kilos of rubbish 6 (…) (remove) from oceans
worldwide by 4Ocean. Now, over 150 people 7 (…)
(employ) by the company and the latest technology
B R I N
A TEASER
8 (…) (use) to remove rubbish from the water.
Some pieces of coal and a scarf were found on
the ground. They weren’t put or dropped on
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form the ground.
of the passive. Use the verbs in brackets. What were they used for and why were they there?
1 Where (…) the clothes (…) ? (will / send) Ask your teacher as many yes/no questions as you
2 (…) the materials (…) ? (going to / improve) need to.
3 My top (…) in time for the party. (will / not / mend)
4 The clothes (…) in our new factory. (will / make)

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 Vocabulary and Listening 5
Materials
1 What materials do you know? Make a list.
metal, silver, gold, wool, cotton …

2 Check the meaning of the words in the

33

box. Try to guess which materials complete

the text. Then listen and check.
aluminium bamboo brick cardboard
concrete denim foam iron leather A radio programme
nylon polystyrene rubber sand steel
stone/rock 5 Look at the photo. What do you think
34

she does to help the environment? Listen and

check.
Keep your plastic out of the ocean!
Marine pollution is a huge problem. There Subskill: Understanding paraphrase
are 18,000 pieces of plastic litter per square Comprehension questions often use different words
kilometre of our oceans and every year 100,000 to say the same thing as a speaker in a listening text.
turtles, dolphins, whales, seals and other marine
animals are killed by it. Over 80% of turtles are Read the questions and think how else you could
affected by marine rubbish. express them before you listen.
How long does it take rubbish
to break down at sea? 6 Read exercise 7 and find equivalent phrases for
1 (…) boxes: three months – the following:
five years 1 most 4 over
Plastic bags: 10–20 years
2 (…) shoes: 25–40 years 2 years ago 5 between 13 and 30 years old
3 (…) cups: 50 years 3 certain 6 start a campaign to clean up
4 (…) cans: 200 years
Plastic bottles: 450 years 7 Listen again. Are the statements true or false?
5 (…) fishing nets: over 600 Correct the false statements.
years Glass bottles: 1,000,000 years 1 In the past, people thought it would be necessary
When these things do break down, they to recycle plastic.
can be eaten by fish – and then we eat the fish.
2 People put more than 8 million tons of plastic in
Stop marine pollution NOW! oceans each year.
3 Carolina Sevilla used Instagram to begin a beach
clean-up campaign.
3 What do you have or can you see that is made 4 You have to do your beach clean-up at a specific
of the materials in exercise 2? time every month.
5 The majority of Instagram users are aged 13–30.
Nouns as adjectives
Some nouns can be used as adjectives. This often 8 Complete the sentences.
happens with materials, e.g.
1 The amount of plastic waste that people have
This bag is made of plastic. (noun)
recycled is …
It’s a plastic bag. (noun as adjective)
2 @5minutebeachcleanup is the …
3 Beach clean-up photos have been sent from
4 Rewrite the sentences using the nouns as America, Australia …
adjectives.
4 Carolina’s video was watched …
1 My jacket is made of leather. It’s a …
5 The campaign reached young people who …
2 These tins are aluminium. They’re …
3 The sculpture is made of stone. 9 Work in pairs. What do you think of
4 The nets are nylon. Carolina’s campaign?
5 The cushion is foam.

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5 Grammar
be allowed to, let, make Impersonal phrases
1 Read the examples and the rules. How do you 5 Read the examples and choose the correct
say be allowed to in your language? option to complete the rules.
be allowed to It is said that over 8 million tons of plastic is thrown
People are allowed to throw away so much plastic. into our oceans every year.
You aren’t allowed to throw rubbish in the sea. Years ago, it was thought that recycling plastic
wouldn’t be necessary.
In the past, people were allowed to throw
everything away. 1 We can/can’t use impersonal phrases with say/
Was she allowed to advertise the campaign? think when we do not know or are not interested in
who spoke.
1 We use be allowed to to say what someone is or is
2 We use it + correct form of be + said/thought + that
not permitted to do. + clause/expression.
2 We form it with the correct tense of be + (not) +
allowed to + verb. 6 Write impersonal sentences.
1 ten years ago / think / that / plastic pollution
2 Work in pairs. Complete the sentences
wouldn’t be a problem
with the correct form of be allowed to and the
2 say / that / climate change is getting worse
verbs in brackets. Then ask and answer.
1 (…) you (…) (go) out during the week when you 3 think / that / many more animals will become
were 12 years old? endangered

2 (…) students at your school (…) (use) mobile 4 many years ago / say / that / global warming
didn’t exist
phones in class?
3 (…) your best friend (…) (go) to concerts? 7 Choose the correct option.
4 (…) you and your friends (…) (stay out) late at
the weekend last year?
GRAMMAR ROUND-UP
3 Complete the rules with let or make.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
let and make
The campaign lets people choose when and where
they clean up beaches. Game for change
Carolina let followers share their photos on her It 1 is thought/has thought that global
Instagram feed. temperatures will rise at least 2O C by 2100 – but
Many countries make people recycle paper, glass how do you encourage people to take action on
and tins. climate change? Campaigns 2 aren't working/
Her video made people think about the problem. haven't worked in the past, so now scientists are
trying a different approach. Thousands of people
1 We use (…) + object + verb to say what a person around the world 3 invited/were invited to
participate in a game called World Climate. In the
(or thing) obliges someone to do.
game, players take the role of officials at the United
2 We use (…) + object + verb to talk about giving Nations. The game 4 makes/lets players decide
or getting permission. what to do about different problems – they don’t
have a choice. A computer 5 is analysed/analyses
4 Choose the correct option. their choices and predicts how people’s health and
1 Yesterday, my friend made/let me tell her a safety from natural disasters 6 will be affected/is
going to be affected by their choices in the future.
secret. I didn't really want to.
Researchers 7 whose/who interviewed 2,042
2 Every weekend, my mum makes/lets me clean players discovered that when people knew more
my room. I don’t like doing it. about climate change, they wanted to do more
3 When I go to my friend's house, he doesn’t make/ to fight it. It seems games 8 must be/might be a
doesn’t let me choose what to do – it isn’t fair. good way to bring about change.
4 Our teacher makes/lets us give our homework in
late if we need to.

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 Real-world speaking 5

Comparing and contrasting 4 Look at the Key phrases and find examples in
the dialogue.
1 Look at the photos. What do you think about
when buying something new? 5 Create your own dialogue. Follow the steps in
the Skills boost.
2 Watch the video. Do the friends mention
any of your ideas from exercise 1? SKILLS BOOST
THINK
You need to buy a new item of clothing and you
3 Complete the dialogue with the words in the want the product to be as green as possible. Imagine
box. Watch again and check. you are in a shop. Compare two items and then
quality recycled thinking waste choose one.

PREPARE
Laura
Prepare a dialogue. Remember to use the Key
I need a new cell phone. Do you know phrases for comparing and contrasting.
if there are any eco-friendly ones?
Marta
PRACTISE
Let’s see … These two are more Practise your dialogue.
eco-friendly than most phones.
Laura
PERFORM
Why’s that? Act out your dialogue for the class or record it and
Marta
play it to the class.
Well, this one creates less 1 (…) . The case is
made of recycled plastic and it’s easy to repair.
Laura 6 Peer review Listen to your classmates.
That’s great! So it lasts longer than most Answer the questions.
phones. What about the other one? 1 How well did they do the task?
Marta
2 Which Key phrases did they use?
It also uses 2 (…) materials, but
you can’t repair it easily.
Laura Key phrases
What about 3 (…) ? Are other It’s/They’re (greener) than …
smartphones better than these two? It’s/They’re more/less (eco-friendly) than …
Marta
It isn’t/They aren’t as (useful) as …
I’d say they’re as good as most smartphones.
The camera on this one is great. It lets you It’s/They’re as (good) as …
take amazing photos, even at night. The (cheaper), the (better).
Laura Not only is it (eco-friendly), but it’s also (good value).
Sounds good. US UK
Marta
How much are you 4 (…) of spending? I need a new cell phone. (US) I need a new mobile
Laura phone. (UK)
Oh, the cheaper, the better!
Marta
I’d get the second one, then. Not only
is it green, but it’s also a great deal.

Phrasebook p124 67
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5 Writing

My green inspiration
Each week I write about someone or something that’s helping the environment.
By Greengirl This week I’ve been finding out all about amazing bamboo bikes.

1 (…)
Bamboo bikes have been around since 1896. Only the frame is made of
bamboo. They’re a great choice if you care about the environment, plus
there are some top-class ones.
2 (…)
Bamboo bikes are really eco-friendly, unlike traditional metal ones. Bamboo
grows really fast (some species can grow 4 cm an hour!) and it can be grown
anywhere without pesticides. There’s no deforestation. Once a year, you cut
off what you need and the plant keeps growing.
3 (…)
As well as being lighter than most metal bikes, they’re smooth to ride because the bamboo
frame is flexible. While I was testing one, I hit a hole in the ground, but I hardly
noticed it.
4 (…)
You can get pretty much any type of bike you want – mountain bike, racing bike, hybrid ...
You can design your own as well!
5 (…)
At the moment, they’re only sold online – but that could change in the future.
6 (…)
Yes! There are lots of websites where you can buy kits that contain everything you need.
When I looked at the websites, I saw that some companies also run workshops to help
you build your bamboo bike. So, bamboo bikes are definitely the way to go!

Next week I’ll be writing about sunglasses. Join me then! 93 comments

A blog 3 Match 1–5 to sentences that mean the same in

the text. Why are the sentences in the text more
1 Read the blog. Does the blogger think bamboo appropriate for a blog?
bikes are a good idea? 1 Bamboo bikes are definitely the best option.
2 It is possible to obtain many types of bicycle.
2 Read the blog again. Match the questions a–f
3 There are many websites that sell complete kits for
with paragraphs 1–6.
building bamboo bicycles.
a Why are they good for the environment?
4 Next week, I will write about sunglasses.
b Where can you get them?
5 In addition, it is possible to design a bicycle for your
c What other advantages are there? specific needs.
d Can you make your own?
e What exactly are they? 4 Complete the sentences with as well as, as well,
f What types are there?
or, plus, but or also.
1 The bikes are not expensive, (…) they last a long time.
Subskill: Writing a blog 2 (…) lasting a long time, the bikes are not expensive.
A blog is usually written in an informal style. 3 The bikes are not expensive and they last a long
time (…) .
• Use short paragraphs to make it easy to read.
4 The bikes are not expensive, and they (…) last a
• Talk directly to the reader using a friendly tone, long time.
colloquial language and idioms. 5 You can either buy the bikes online (…) in a shop.
• Use informal connectors (and, but, also, too …). 6 You can buy the bikes online, (…) not in a shop.

68
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 QUICK REVIEW 5
5 Look at the fact file. Then rewrite the sentences
using the words in brackets. Write three more Grammar
sentences using too, but and as well.
The passive
Look, no plastic! We often use the passive when the focus is on the action.
• The frames in these sunglasses are made from wood It isn't important who/what did the action.
from old skateboards. Clothes are sold d more often now.
• The wood is strong and flexible. The sunglasses are This T-shirtt was made in Asia.
very light. How many clothes will be thrown away next week?
Are endangered species going to be protected?
• Old skateboards are repurposed to make the frames, so
they aren't thrown away. be allowed to
• They’re available in different styles. We use be allowed to to say what someone is or is not
• If you throw the frame away, it doesn’t harm the permitted to do.
environment. No plastic is used. Fast fashion was allowed to grow quickly.
We are not allowed to use mobile phones at school.
1 Skateboard wood is very strong. It’s flexible. (as
well as) make and let
We use make to say what a person or thing obliges
2 You don’t need to use plastic. You don’t need to
someone to do.
use much metal. (or)
We use let to talk about getting or giving permission.
3 The frame is made of wood so it’s eco-friendly. My parents let me stay up late on Saturday night.
There are some great designs. (plus) They make me do my homework.
4 The sunglasses look cool. No trees were cut down
Impersonal phrases
to make them. (also)
We use impersonal phrases when we do not know or we
are not interested in who spoke.
6 Write a blog about an environmentally friendly It is said that …
product. Follow the steps in the Skills boost. Previously, it was said that …
These days, it is thought that …
In the past, it was thoughtt that …
SKILLS BOOST
THINK
Decide which product you want to blog about.
Vocabulary
PREPARE
1 Find all the information and pictures you need.
35 The environment
2 Organise your information in a logical order. Look
give up plastic, look after the environment, plant trees,
at the model to help you.
reduce pollution/waste, recycle plastic/waste, reuse things,
3 Think about where you could link sentences. save water

WRITE 36 Protecting the planet

Write a short introduction, the main part of your blog ban, build wind farms, climate change, cut down trees,
entry and your conclusion. deforestation, destroy, landfill, global warming, mend
clothes, pesticides, pollute, protect endangered species,
CHECK renewable energy, repurpose, solar power, throw away
Read your writing and answer the questions. 37 Materials
1 Have you used the correct style for a blog? aluminium, bamboo, brick, cardboard, concrete, denim,
2 Have you organised your blog clearly? foam, iron, leather, nylon, polystyrene, rock, rubber, sand,
3 Have you used connectors of addition and contrast? steel, stone

4 Have you used passive verbs where appropriate?

7 Peer review Exchange your blog entry

with another student. Answer the questions.
1 Is the blog well organised and clear?
2 Would you use this product? Give reasons for your
answer.

69
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 5 Project
WDYT?
3 Read the inside of the leaflet and find
What can you do examples of the features in exercise 2.
(What do you think?) to be greener?
STEP 2: PLAN
4 In what order do the writers cover these
TASK: Choose a green issue and topics in their leaflet? Would you put them
in the same order? Why?
design a leaflet for a campaign to a Basic facts about the issue with some statistics
raise awareness. to illustrate them
b Things people can do about the issue
Learning outcomes
c An interesting title and photo to get people’s
1 I can create a leaflet to raise awareness of an attention
important issue.
2 I can use appropriate language from the unit. 5 Work in pairs. Read the How to … tips on
p120. Then choose and research an issue.
3 I can be flexible when collaborating with others.
Make notes for sections a–c in exercise 4.
Graphic organiser Project planner p120
air pollution deforestation energy pesticides
plastic-free living recycling renewable transport

1 Watch a video of two students STEP 3: CREATE

presenting their leaflet. What issue did
they choose? 6 Work in your pairs. Read the tips in the
Super skills box and practise saying the Key
phrases with a partner.

COLLABORATION

Being flexible
Tips
Flexible thinking can help you find creative
solutions to problems and planning.
Break the problem into small ‘pieces’.
Find solutions for each piece. Choose the best one.

STEP 1: THINK Key phrases

Wait a minute … Let’s read the task again.
2 Which of these features do you think the What do we have to do exactly?
leaflet should contain to be effective? What’s the best way to do the task effectively?
Explain your reasons. Which is the best option?
• attractive photos OK, let’s try (finding some statistics) instead of
• statistics about the issue (writing the title).
• a general introduction to the issue I think the best plan is (to share the research) …
• a detailed history of the issue
• easy practical advice on what people can do 7 Create your leaflet and prepare to talk
• text in long paragraphs with no headings about it. Use the tips and Key phrases in
• bullet points to make it easy to follow the Super skills box.

70 Grammar and Vocabulary Quick review p69

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 Model project

Could your
food save Reducing
the planet? food waste to
fight climate
Find out change!
how!

Why is food waste a problem? What can YOU do?

Imagine going shopping and buying ten bags of food, walking out 1 Don’t buy too much food. It’s better to go shopping more often
of the shop and throwing three full bags in the bin. Crazy, right? An and buy less each time. That way, you always have fresh food.
incredible 30% of food is wasted! 2 Serve smaller portions. If you put too much food on your plate, you
Growing and producing food uses up huge amounts of natural won’t eat everything and you’ll end up throwing some away. Using
resources and energy. Not only that, when it ends up in landfill, it smaller plates helps.
produces a greenhouse gas called methane. It’s bad for the planet! 3 Organise your cupboards and fridge – first in, first out.
Put new shopping at the back and older products at the front.
Did you know? When you open your cupboards or fridge you can see what needs to
• Almost 50% of fruit and vegetables produced are never eaten. be used first.

• In Europe, 29 million tonnes of dairy products are wasted every

4 Store your food correctly.
year, e.g. 574 billion eggs. Not in the fridge: tomatoes, eggs, bananas …
• In America, 60 million
Where in the fridge?
tonnes of food, worth $162 billion, In the door: milk, juice …
are wasted every In the middle: fish, meat, yoghurts …
year. Just over half At the bottom: salad, fruit …
ends up in landfill. 5 Understand dates. ‘Best-before’ dates are only recommendations.
• Globally, 30% of You can still eat food after them. ‘Use-by’ dates should be followed.
cereal products are 6 Don’t throw food away. If you aren’t going to use it, donate it to a
thrown away every food bank or give it to friends instead.
year – 286 million
tonnes!

5 FINAL REFLECTION
STEP 4: PRESENT 1 The task
8 Practise your presentation in your pairs. How informative and motivating
was your leaflet?
9 Present your leaflet to the class. How clear was the presentation?
2 Super skill
10 Peer review Look at the other pairs’ How well did you use flexible thinking?
leaflets and watch their presentations.
3 Language
1 Which leaflet(s) do you like best? Why?
Did you use new language from
2 Which leaflet(s) gave the best practical advice? this unit? Give examples.

Beyond the task

What could your school do to be greener?

71
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5 Grammar reference

The passive be allowed to, let, make

Affirmative Negative be allowed to
Present simple Affirmative Negative
The juice is made. The juice is not (isn’t) I am/was allowed to eat I am not/was not (wasn’t)
The apples are washed. made. sweets. allowed to eat sweets.
The apples are not (aren’t) He/She/It is/was allowed to He/She/It is not (isn’t)/was
washed. eat sweets. not (wasn’t) allowed to eat
Past simple We/You/They are/were sweets.
allowed to eat sweets. We/You/They are not
The juice was made. The juice was not (wasn’t) (aren’t)/were not (weren’t)
The apples were washed. made. allowed to eat sweets.
The apples were not
(weren’t) washed. Questions
Future (will) Am/Was I allowed to eat Yes, I am/was. No, I am not/
sweets? was not (wasn’t).
The juice will be made. The juice will not (won’t) Is/Was he/she/it allowed to Yes, he/she/it is/was. No,
The apples will be washed. be made. eat sweets? he/she/it isn’t/wasn’t.
The apples will not (won’t) Are/Were we/you/they Yes, we/you/they are/were.
be washed. allowed to eat sweets? No, we/you/they aren’t/
Future (be going to) weren’t.
The juice is going to be
made.
The juice is not (isn’t)
going to be made.
• we use be allowed to to explain what someone is or is
not permitted to do
The apples are going to be The apples are not (aren’t)
washed. going to be washed. • we form it with the correct tense of be + (not) +

• we use the passive to emphasise the action, not the

allowed to + verb
The students are not allowed to wear their own
person or thing who does it
clothes to school.
Hundreds of olive trees are grown in this area of Spain.
• when we want to say who/what does the action we • we use let to talk about giving or getting permission.
Its meaning is similar to be allowed to
use by
The first watch was made by Peter Henlein. • we form it with the structure let + object + verb

• we form the passive with the correct tense of the

My parents let me stay out until 11 pm on Fridays.
verb be + (not) + past participle + (by) • we can use make to talk about obligation
A lot of new songs are written every year. • we use the structure make + object + verb to say
• after will/won’t and (not) going to we use the passive what someone obliges someone to do
My parents make me do the washing-up after dinner.
infinitive: be + past participle
A huge number of new clothes will be produced next Most governments make people pay taxes.
year.
The factory is going to be closed down by the Impersonal phrases
government.
• we use impersonal phrases with say/think when we
• the passive infinitive is used after modal verbs and do not know or are not interested in who spoke
other verbs as well. In this case, it can be with or It is said that the world’s population will reach 8 billion
without to, depending on the verb it follows in 2024.
Most plastic products can be recycled. In the past, it was thought that recycling rubbish
The amount of goods we recycle needs to be increased wasn’t important.
in order to protect the planet.
The award was expected to be given to Mr Taylor not
• we use the structure it + correct form of be + said/
thought + that + clause
Mr Smith.
It is thought that more and more animals are
becoming endangered every year.

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 Grammar practice 5
The passive be allowed to, let, make
1 Complete the sentences in the present or past 4 Choose the correct option.
passive with the verbs. 1 We have a school uniform so we aren’t allowed/
are allowed to wear fashionable clothes.
affect hold invent not make
not recycle not wrap 2 Are you allowed/You are allowed to play video
games at home?
1 The Olympics are held every four years. 3 We were allowed/aren’t allowed to stay out
2 An Olympic gold medal of solid until midnight last Saturday.
gold. 4 I don’t think food and drink are allowed/were
3 Glass and plastic bottles thirty years allowed to be brought in here.
ago. 5 In the end he was allowed/is allowed to take his
4 Sea animals by the plastic rubbish guitar on the plane with him.
in the oceans.
5 The fruit we sell in plastic any more. 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of make or let.
6 the telephone by
Alexander Graham Bell? 1 My mum lets my friends stay over at the
weekend.
2 Rewrite the sentences, changing the active to 2 The teacher the whole class write
passive or the passive to active. an essay about recycling.
1 The money will be donated by three different 3 Can you me choose the film we’re
companies. going to watch today?
Three different companies will donate the money. 4 Does your brother you help him do
2 They probably won’t finish the new school gym his chores so he can complete them quickly?
by next year. 5 The actor fans take selfies of him all
The new school gym the time.
3 The law will be approved by the president next 6 The maths teacher us work really
week. hard because he gives us so much homework.
The president
4 Are they going to repair your bike in time for our Impersonal phrases
bike ride on Saturday?
6 Write impersonal sentences.
in time for our bike ride
1 After World War I / think / that / there wouldn’t be
on Saturday?
another world war.
3 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets After World War I, it was thought that there
in the correct passive form. wouldn’t be another world war.
2 In the 1950s / say / that / humans couldn’t fly to
Finally, it appears that people have realised the the moon.
importance of reducing the quantity of rubbish

that 1 is produced (produce). In the past,
rubbish 2 (put) in one bin and left 3 think / that / sea levels may rise two metres by
outside for collection. Nowadays, in a lot of places 2100.
people 3 (require) to sort their 
rubbish into different categories for recycling. 4 say / that / Sweden is leading the way in the zero-
Back in 1980 plastic simply 4 waste campaign.
(not recycle). Today around 25% of plastic 
5 (recycle), which is better, but
is still too low. Did you know that plastic bags 5 In 1983 / think / that / Star Wars: Return of the Jedi
and bottles 6 (can / make) into was the final Star Wars film.
material to make outdoor furniture? Food waste 
7 (can / convert) into biogas fuel. 6 think / that / English is the most widely spoken
We need to make recycling a part of our lifestyle, language in the world.
or this planet 8 (turn) into one huge 
landfill.

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 UNIT

5 Grammar

The passive be allowed to, let, make

1 Underline the passive forms. 3 Complete the sentences and questions
with the correct form of be allowed to.
1 Glass bottles are recycled in many cities.
2 Plastic bags were banned in supermarkets 1 You aren’t allowed to check your phone
last year. during class. ()
3 Extra food can be donated to food banks. 2 What time I
leave school today?
4 In the future, phones will be constructed
from 100% recycled materials. 3 We use the tennis
courts yesterday morning. ()
5 These vegetables need to be eaten
before they go bad. 4 Zoey
skate on the road?
6 Everyone’s bags are going to be checked
before entering the stadium. 5 Ivan wear jeans for
school. ()
6 you go
out by yourself when you were younger?

4 Complete the sentences with the correct

form of make or let.
1 Do your parents    make   you finish
your homework before dinner?
2 Does the restaurant people
bring pets inside?
3 Do your parents you tidy your
room every week?
4 Our teacher us stay after
class and write an essay yesterday.
5 Last week, they us use the
new gymnasium. It was great!

2 Active or passive? Choose the Impersonal phrases

correct option.
5 Complete the sentences with impersonal
1 Many products produced/are produced
phrases using the words in brackets.
by robots.
2 This jacket was made/made from cotton. 1 In the 15th century, it was thought that
the sun went around the earth. (think)
3 Paper cups throw/are thrown away after
people use them. 2 that global warming will
cause many animal species to become
4 In the next decade, people will
extinct. (think)
travel/be travelled into space.
3 Years ago, that humans
5 For a healthier recipe, the amount of
would live to be 150. (say)
sugar needs to reduce/be reduced.
4 that everyone eats a small
amount of plastic every week. (say)
5 Centuries ago, that you
could turn metal into gold. (think)

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Basics

 UNIT

5 Grammar

The passive be allowed to, let, make

3 Complete the dialogue with the correct
form of be allowed to, let or make.
A: Did your parents 1    let   you have
pocket money when you were little?
B: Yes, I got 50 pence a week, and they
2 me buy anything I wanted!
A: Our English teacher 3 us
use phones in the classroom. How
1 Complete the sentences with the about yours?
passive form.
B: No, we 4 use them, either.
1 We can recycle paper, glass and metal. A: Are your parents 5 you go to
Paper, glass and metal can be recycled . the party on Saturday?
2 People will make houses from plastic. B: Yes, they are, but I 6 stay
Houses from plastic. after 9:00 pm.
3 Someone needs to repair this bike. A: Does your teacher 7 you write
This bike . a lot of essays?
4 When can you finish the building? B: Yes, but fortunately we 8
choose the topics ourselves most of
When ? the time.
5 Solar power will replace gas and oil.
Gas and oil . Impersonal phrases
6 People are going to grow food at the
bottom of the ocean.
4 Replace the words in bold in the sentences
with impersonal phrases.
Food at the bottom of
the ocean. 1 People say It is said that happiness is
more important than wealth.
2 Complete the text with the present or past 2 Some people think
simple passive form of the verbs in brackets. that scientists will discover life on
other planets.
In 19th-century Europe, most homes 3 In the middle ages, people thought
1 were heated (heat) by coal. The coal that the earth was flat.
2 (transport) by horse and
4 In the 19th century, people said
cart, and it 3 (deliver) into
that women didn’t need to
the basement of each house. Buckets
go to university.
of coal 4 (carry) upstairs to
a fireplace in each room. Towards the 5 People say that actions speak
end of the 19th century, new ideas for louder than words.
home heating 5 (invent).
Coal heating 6 (replace) by
radiators and electric heaters. Today,
homes 7 (heat) by electricity,
gas or oil. Warm air or water 8
(circulate) to every room in pipes.
Temperatures 9 (control)
by smart technology so that heat
10 (regulate) effectively.

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 UNIT

5 Grammar

The passive Impersonal phrases

1 Complete the text with the correct passive 3 Find and correct the mistakes.
or active form of the verbs in brackets.
1 It said that cats have nine lives.
It is said that cats have nine lives.
Tomatoes are a fruit, although they
2 In the past, it is thought that spilling salt
1 are known (know) as a vegetable.
brought bad luck.
They 2 (grow) in South
America hundreds of years ago and
3 (bring) to Europe by the 3 Is said that elephants have very good
Spanish in the early 1500s. At first, people memories.
4 (not eat) them because
they 5 (think) they were
4 Centuries ago, tomatoes it was thought
poisonous. Today, it is an important
that were poisonous.
ingredient in the Margherita pizza,
which 6 (invent) in Naples
in the late 19th century. Tomatoes
7 (not introduce) to North Grammar round-up
America until the early 1800s. Tomatoes
don’t need 8 (cook). They can 4 Complete the dialogue with one word in
also 9 (tin) without losing their each gap.
flavour. In the future, new kinds of tomato A: K aty, 1 have you finished your essay?
10 (design) by scientists.
B: N o, I haven’t finished it 2 .
It needs to 3 done by
tomorrow, doesn’t it?
A: T hat’s right. The topic was really difficult.
I think they should 4 us
choose our own topics.
B: I agree! Did you see the message
about the science competition? It
be allowed to, let, make 5 posted on the school
website yesterday.
2 Write sentences and questions using
A: N o, I didn’t. What was it 6 ?
be allowed to, let or make.
B: W e have to think of ideas for projects
1 your parents / switch off / your phone 7 will help the school do
during dinner / ? (make) more recycling. A prize 8
Do your parents make you switch off be given to the students 9
your phone during dinner?      project recycles the most.
2 you / play computer games / whenever A: H mm. Let’s talk about it when we
you want / ? (allow) 10 school today. We can
help 11 other come up
with ideas!
3 we / wear / T-shirts to school (not allow)
B: S ounds good. We finish at 4:00 pm
today, 12 we?
4 our teacher / stay late after school
yesterday (not make)

5 my parents / stay up late on school days

(not let)

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 UNIT

5 Vocabulary

The environment 5 It’s important to reuse and _________ our

old things to make them useful again.
1 Label the pictures with the verbs in the box
6 Can you _________ my denim jacket?
to show how to protect our environment.
Some of the buttons have come off.
give up look after plant 7 The police caught the factory owner
recycle reduce save trying to _________ the river.
8 We will _________ our planet if we don’t
1 2 3 find a way to stop global warming.

Materials
4 What is it made from? Write a material for
look
 after the   each answer. The first and last letters have
environment
   been given.
1 What are jeans usually d_________
eni m
4 5 6 made from?
2 What are drink cans a_________m
usually made from?
3 What are shoes usually l_________r
   made from?
   4 What are walls usually b_________s
made from?
5 What are boxes usually c_________d
Protecting the planet made from?
2 Draw lines to make environmental pairs. 6 What are cushions f_________m
usually filled with?
1 cut a down
7 What are car tyres r_________r
2 protect b energy usually made from?
3 solar c endangered species 8 What are fishing nets n_________n
4 throw d away usually made from?
5 wind e power
5 Are the materials in bold nouns (N) or
6 renewable f farms adjectives (A)?
3 Complete the sentences with the words in 1 Pandas love to eat bamboo. __ N
the box. 2 This concrete block is really heavy. __
ban deforestation destroy landfill 3 They used iron to makes parts of
mend pesticides pollute repurpose the car. __
4 My new TV was protected by polystyrene
1 I think farmers use too many _________
pesticides inside the box. __
to kill insects on their crops.
5 They built the new bridge from steel. __
2 Our government should _________ the
6 I love that stone cottage. It looks really
use of chemicals in farming.
old. __
3 It is thought that over half the world’s trees
7 The beach was covered in white sand. __
have been lost to _________ since 1950.
8 They had to move the rock to build the
4 There’s a _________ site near my house.
house. __
You can smell it sometimes.

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 UNIT

5 Vocabulary

The environment 3 Choose a word or phrase in the box to

complete the online article.
1 Choose the correct verb that matches
with the noun in bold to make a phrase. climate change cutting down destroy
More than one verb can be used with endangered species global warming
some phrases. polluting renewable energy wind farms
1 a look after b reduce c save
the environment
Extinction Rebellion (XR for short) is a
2 a save b plant c recycle growing group of people trying to highlight
water the need to protect our planet. They want
3 a recycle b give up c protect governments to take immediate action to
plastic deal with 1 _____________
climate change . The group’s logo
4 a reduce b save c plant of an hourglass inside a circle is supposed to
trees show us that time is running out for not just
5 a recycle b look after c reduce 2 _________ , but all life on Earth. They are
waste very concerned about our environment and
want us to stop 3 _________ the world’s trees
6 a reuse b recycle c give up and 4 _________ our rivers and oceans with
things plastic and other waste. XR tell us that if we
7 a reduce b save c look after continue to 5 _________ our planet in this
pollution way, many animals will no longer exist.
XR want all countries to use 6 _________ ,
Protecting the planet such as solar power and turbines on
7 _________ in order to slow the process of
2 Are the definitions T (true) or F (false)?
8 _________ by reducing pollution.
Write the correct definitions.
1 Wind farms are used to kill insects on
farm crops. __________
F Pesticides Materials
2 Landfill sites are places where our waste
4 Label the photos using an adjective and a
is buried. _________
noun. The first letters have been given.
3 Pesticides are used to generate electricity
using natural resources. _________ 1 aluminium can
___________ ___________
4 Mend means to make an activity
illegal. _________
2 l___________ w___________
5 Repurpose means to get rid of an
object. _________
6 Throw away means to save an object and 3 b___________ w___________
make it into something else. _________
7 Solar power is energy from sunlight.
4 c___________ b___________
_________
8 Ban means to fix clothes or broken
things. _________ 5 r___________ d___________

6 d___________ j___________

7 p___________ w___________

Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Standard

 UNIT

5 Vocabulary

The environment Materials

1 Match the verbs and nouns in the box. 3 Read the clues and complete
Then complete the sentences. the crossword.
give up look after plant plastic 1
B R I C K
2

pollution recycle reduce save 3 4

the environment trees waste water 5

1 We all have a duty to ____________

look after the
____________
environment and protect our planet. 6 7

2 Does your family _________ food

containers or just throw them away? 8 9

3 What’s the best way to _________ when 10

having a bath?
4 Do you have different coloured bins to
_________ like paper, plastic and glass?
5 We should all try to _________ , but Clues:
it’s difficult when food packaging uses Across
so much. 1 rectangular block often used to build
6 We need to _________ in their millions if traditional buildings
we want a greener planet. 5 light, man-made material, often white;
7 Some people believe that one way to used as packaging
_________ is to drive electric cars rather 7 fast-growing plant that pandas like to eat
than petrol cars.
8 very light, man-made fabric; often used
8 We must all _________ by recycling and to make sportswear
reusing our things.
9 soft material used to fill cushions
10 heavy metal used in construction
Protecting the planet
Down
2 Read the definitions. Then write the
missing phrases. 2 light material often used to make boxes
3 light but strong metal
1 forms of energy that use natural power
renewable energy
_______________ 4 material made from animal skin; often
used to make shoes
2 deforestation _______________
6 natural material you can find on a beach
3 the energy we get from the sun
_______________
4 animal and plant life that may no Extra challenge
longer exist if we don’t protect them 4 Answer the question about how to be more
_______________ eco-friendly.
5 a group of turbine windmills that use the Can you think of three objects you use
wind to generate power _______________ every day that could be made from a more
6 get rid of waste to a landfill site eco-friendly material?
_______________


Get Involved! B1+ © Macmillan Education Limited 2021 Higher

 Irregular verbs
Infinitive Past simple Past participle
be /biː/ was / were /wɒz/, /wɜː(r)/ been /biːn/
become /bɪˈkʌm/ became /bɪˈkeɪm/ become /bɪˈkʌm/
begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ began /bɪˈɡæn/ begun /bɪˈɡʌn/
bet /bet/ bet /bet/ bet /bet/
break /breɪk/ broke /brəʊk/ broken /ˈbrəʊkən/
bring /brɪŋ/ brought /brɔːt/ brought /brɔːt/
broadcast /ˈbrɔːdˌkɑːst/ broadcast /ˈbrɔːdˌkɑːst/ broadcast /ˈbrɔːdˌkɑːst/
build /bɪld/ built /bɪlt/ built /bɪlt/
buy /baɪ/ bought /bɔːt/ bought /bɔːt/
catch /kætʃ/ caught /kɔːt/ caught /kɔːt/
choose /tʃuːz/ chose /tʃəʊz/ chosen /ˈtʃəʊz(ə)n/
come /kʌm/ came /keɪm/ come /kʌm/
cost /kɒst/ cost /kɒst/ cost /kɒst/
cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt / cut /kʌt /
do /duː/ did /dɪd/ done /dʌn/
draw /drɔː/ drew /druː/ drawn /drɔːn/
dream /driːm/ dreamed/dreamt /driːmd/ /dremt/ dreamed/dreamt /driːmd/ /dremt/
drink /drɪŋk/ drank /dræŋk/ drunk /drʌŋk/
drive /draɪv/ drove /drəʊv/ driven /ˈdrɪv(ə)n/
eat /iːt/ ate /eɪt/ eaten /ˈiːt(ə)n/
fall /fɔːl/ fell /fel/ fallen /ˈfɔːlən/
feed /fiːd/ fed /fed/ fed /fed/
feel /fiːl/ felt /felt/ felt /felt/
fight /faɪt/ fought /fɔːt/ fought /fɔːt/
find /faɪnd/ found /faʊnd/ found /faʊnd/
fly /flaɪ/ flew /fluː/ flown /fləʊn/
forget /fə(r)ˈɡet/ forgot /fə(r)ˈɡɒt/ forgotten /fə(r)ˈɡɒt(ə)n/
get /ɡet/ got /ɡɒt/ got /ɡɒt/
give /ɡɪv/ gave /ɡeɪv/ given /ˈɡɪv(ə)n/
go /ɡəʊ/ went /went/ gone /ɡɒn/
grow /ɡrəʊ/ grew /ɡruː/ grown /ɡrəʊn/
hang /hæŋ/ hung /hʌŋ/ hung /hʌŋ/
have /hæv/ had /hæd/ had /hæd/
hear /hɪə(r)/ heard /hɜː(r)d/ heard /hɜː(r)d/
hide /haɪd/ hid /hɪd/ hidden /ˈhɪd(ə)n/
hit /hɪt/ hit /hɪt/ hit /hɪt/

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 Irregular verbs

Infinitive Past simple Past participle

hold /həʊld/ held /held/ held /held/
keep /kiːp/ kept /kept/ kept /kept/
know /nəʊ/ knew /njuː/ known /nəʊn/
lay /leɪ/ laid /leɪd/ laid /leɪd/
learn /lɜː(r)n/ learnt/learned /lɜː(r)nt//lɜː(r)nd/ learnt/learned /lɜː(r)nt//lɜː(r)nd/
leave /liːv/ left /left/ left /left/
let /let/ let /let/ let /let/
lose /luːz/ lost /lɒst/ lost /lɒst/
make /meɪk/ made /meɪd/ made /meɪd/
mean /miːn/ meant /ment/ meant /ment/
meet /miːt/ met /met/ met /met/
pay /peɪ/ paid /peɪd/ paid /peɪd/
put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/
read /riːd/ read /red/ read /red/
ride /raɪd/ rode /rəʊd/ ridden /ˈrɪd(ə)n/
ring /rɪŋ/ rang /ræŋ/ rung /rʌŋ/
run /rʌn/ ran /ræn/ run /rʌn/
say /seɪ/ said /sed/ said /sed/
see /siː/ saw /sɔː/ seen /siːn/
sell /sel/ sold /səʊld/ sold /səʊld/
send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/
set /set/ set /set/ set /set/
shine /ʃaɪn/ shone/shined /ʃɒn//ʃaɪnd/ shone/shined /ʃɒn//ʃaɪnd/
show /ʃəʊ/ showed /ʃəʊd/ shown /ʃəʊn/
sing /sɪŋ/ sang /sæŋ/ sung /sʌŋ/
sit /sɪt/ sat /sæt/ sat /sæt/
sleep /sliːp/ slept /slept/ slept /slept/
speak /spiːk/ spoke /spəʊk/ spoken /ˈspəʊkən/
spend /spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/
stand /stænd/ stood /stʊd/ stood /stʊd/
steal /stiːl/ stole /stəʊl/ stolen /ˈstəʊlən/
stick /stɪk/ stuck /stʌk/ stuck /stʌk/
sweep /swiːp/ swept /swept/ swept /swept/
swim /swɪm/ swam /swæm/ swum /swʌm/
take /teɪk/ took /tʊk/ taken /ˈteɪkən/
teach /tiːtʃ/ taught /tɔːt/ taught /tɔːt/
tell /tel/ told /təʊld/ told /təʊld/
think /θɪŋk/ thought /θɔːt/ thought /θɔːt/
throw /θrəʊ/ threw /θruː/ thrown /θrəʊn/
understand /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstænd/ understood /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstʊd/ understood /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstʊd/
wake /weɪk/ woke /wəʊk/ woken /ˈwəʊkən/
wear /weə(r)/ wore /wɔː(r)/ worn /wɔː(r)n/
win /wɪn/ won /wʌn/ won /wʌn/
write /raɪt/ wrote /rəʊt/ written /ˈrɪt(ə)n/

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