KSEEB Class 10 Maths Question Paper Solution 2017

QUESTION PAPER CODE 81-E

SECTION - I

1. If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 3, 4, 5}, then (A ⋃ B)' is

(A) {5, 6, 7}
(B) {6, 7, 8}
(C) {3, 4, 5}
(D) {1, 2, 3}

Solution:
Correct answer: (B)

Given,
U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
A = {1, 2, 3}
B = {2, 3, 4, 5}
A ⋃ B = {1, 2, 3} ⋃ {2, 3, 4, 5}
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(A ⋃ B)' = U - (A ⋃ B)
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} - {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
= {6, 7, 8}

2. LCM of 18 and 45 is
(A) 9
(B) 45
(C) 90
(D) 81

Solution:
Correct answer: (C)

Prime factorization of 18:

18 = 2 × 3 × 3
Prime factorization of 45:
45 = 3 × 3 × 5
LCM(18, 45) = 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 90
3. The mean (x bar) and the standard deviation (σ) of certain scores are 60 and 3 respectively. Then the coefficient
of variation is
(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 7
(D) 8
Solution:
Correct answer: (A)

Given,
Mean = 60
Standard deviation = 3
Coefficient of variation = (standard deviation/mean) × 100
= (3/60) × 100
=5

4. Rationalising factor of √x - y is
(A) x - y
(B) √x
(C) √x + y
(D) √x - y

Solution:
Correct answer: (D)

Rationalising factor of √x - y is √x - y.
Since (√x - y)(√x - y)
= [√(x - y)]2
=x-y

5. If f(x) = x2 - 2x + 15 then f (– 1) is
(A) 14
(B) 18
(C) 15
(D) 13

Solution:
Correct answer: (B)

Given,
f(x) = x2 - 2x + 15
f(-1) = (-1)2 - 2(-1) + 15
= 1 + 2 + 15
= 18

6. In a circle, the angle subtended by a chord in the major segment is

(A) a straight angle
(B) a right angle
(C) an acute angle
(D) an obtuse angle

Solution:
Correct answer: (C)

In a circle, the angle subtended by a chord in the major segment is an acute angle.
7. The length of the diagonal of a square of side 12 cm is
(A) 5√2 cm
(B) 144 cm
(C) 24 cm
(D) 12√2 cm

Solution:
Correct answer: (D)

Given,
Side of a square = a = 12 cm
Diagonal of square = a√2 = 12√2 cm

8. The distance between the origin and the point (-12, 5) is

(A) 13 units
(B) -12 units
(C) 10 units
(D) 5 units

Solution:
Correct answer: (A)

The distance of a point (x, y) from the origin is √(x2 + y2).

The distance between the origin and the point (-12, 5) = √[(-12)2 + 52]
= √(144 + 25)
= √169
= 13 units

SECTION - II

9. Write the value of 100P0.

Solution:
We know that,
n
P0 = 1
Therefore, 100P0 = 1
(or)
100
P0 = 100!/(100 - 0)!
= 100!/100!
=1

10. What is the probability of a certain event?

Solution:
Probability of a certain event or sure event is 1.

11. Find the midpoint of the class-interval 5 – 15.

Solution:
Given,
Class interval is 5 - 15.
Upper limit = 15
Lower limit = 5
Midpoint of the class interval = (lower limit + upper limit)/2
= (5 + 15)/2
= 20/2
= 10

12. Find the value of cos 48° - sin 42°.

Solution:
cos 48° - sin 42°
= cos(90° - 42°) - sin 42°
= sin 42° - sin 42°
=0
(or)
cos 48° - sin 42°
= cos 48° - sin(90° - 48°)
= cos 48° - sin 48°
=0

13. Write the slope and y-intercept of the line y = 3x.

Solution:
Given,
Equation of line is y = 3x
Comparing with y = mx + c
Here,
Slope = m = 3
y-intercept = c = 0

14. Write the formula used to find the total surface area of a solid hemisphere.

Solution:
Total surface area of a solid hemi-sphere = 3πr2 sq.units
Here,
r = Radius of the solid hemisphere

SECTION - III

15. If A and B are the sets such that n(A) = 37, n(B) = 26 and n(A ⋃ B) = 51, then find n(A ⋂ B).

Solution:
Given,
n(A) = 37
n(B) = 26
n(A ⋃ B) = 51
We know that,
n(A U B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A ⋂ B)
51 = 37 + 26 - n(A ⋂ B)
n(A ⋂ B) = 63 - 51
n(A ⋂ B) = 12

16. Write the formula used to find

a) arithmetic mean between a and b (a > b)
b) harmonic mean between a and b (a > b).

Solution:
a) Arithmetic mean A.M. = (a + b)/2 (where a > b)
b) Harmonic mean H.M. = 2ab/(a + b) (where a > b)

17. Find the sum to infinity of the geometric series 2 + (2/3) + (2/9) +...

Solution:
Given,
2 + (2/3) + (2/9) +...
Here,
a=2
r = 2/(3/2) = 1/3
S∞ = a/(1 - r)
= 2/[1 - (1/3)]
= 2/ [(3 - 1)/3]
= 2/(2/3)
=3
Therefore, the sum to infinity of the given geometric series is 3.

18. Prove that 3 + √5 is an irrational number.

Solution:
Let 3 + √5 be a rational number.
Thus, 3 + √5 = p/q, where p, q are coprime integers and q ≠ 0.
⇒ √5 = (p/q) - 3
⇒ √5 = (p - 3q)/q
Since p and q are integers, (p - 3q)/q is a rational number.
⇒ √5 is also a rational number.
This is the contradiction to the fact that √5 is an irrational number.
Hence, our assumption that 3 + √5 is a rational number is wrong.
Therefore, 3 + √5 is an irrational number.
Hence proved.

19. Find how many triangles can be drawn through 8 points on a circle.

Solution:
We know that a triangle is formed by joining 3 non-collinear points.
∴ Total number of triangles that can be drawn out of 8 non-collinear
points = 8C3
n
Cr = n!/(n - r)!r!
Here, n = 8 and r = 3
8
C3 = 8!/(8 - 3)!3!
= (8 × 7 × 6 × 5!)/5! (3 × 2)
= (8 × 7 × 6)/6
= 56
Hence, the required number of triangles is 56.

20. If (1/8!) + (1/9!) = x/10!, then find the value of x.

Solution:
(1/8!) + (1/9!) = x/10!
(1/8!) + (1/9 × 8!) = x/(10 × 9 × 8!)
(1/8!) [1 + (1/9)] = x/(10 × 9 × 8!)
(9 + 1)/9 = x/90
10/9 = x/90
⇒ x = 900/9
⇒ x = 100

21. A box has 4 red and 3 black marbles. Four marbles are picked up randomly. Find the probability that two
marbles are red.

Solution:
Given,
A box has 4 red and 3 black marbles.
Out of 7 marbles, 4 marbles can be drawn in 7C4 = 35 ways
Thus, n(S) = 35
Two red marbles can be drawn in 4C2 = 6 ways
The remaining 2 marbles must be black and they can be drawn
in 3C2 = 3 ways
n(A) = 6 × 3 = 18
P(A) = n(A)/n(S)
= 18/35

22. Calculate standard deviation for the following scores:

5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

Solution:
Using direct method:

x x2

5 25

6 36

7 49

8 64

9 81

∑x = 35 ∑x2 = 255
N=5
Standard deviation

σ = 1.414

23. Solve x2 - 2x - 4 = 0 by using formula.

Solution:
Given quadratic equation is:
x2 - 2x - 4 = 0
Comparing with the standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0,
a = 1, b = -2, c = -4
Using the quadratic formula,
x = [-b ± √(b2 - 4ac)]/2a
x = [-(-2) ± √{(-2)2 - 4(1)(-4)}]/ 2(1)
= [2 ± √(4 + 16)]/2
= (2 ± 2√5)/2
= 2(1 ± √5)/2
= 1 ± √5
Hence, the roots of the given equation are (1 + √5) and (1 - √5).

OR

Determine the nature of the roots of the equation x2 - 2x - 3 = 0.

Solution:
Given quadratic equation is:
x2 - 2x - 3 = 0
Comparing with the standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0,
a = 1, b = -2, c = -3
Δ = b2 - 4ac
= (-2)2 - 4(1)(-3)
= 4 + 12
= 16
Δ>0
Discriminant is greater than 0.
Therefore, the roots of the equation are real and distinct.

24. In a circle of radius 3·5 cm, draw two radii such that the angle between them is 80°. Construct tangents to the
circle at the non-centre ends of the radii.
Solution:
Given,
Radius = 3.5 cm
Angle between two radii = 80°

25. In ΔABC, D is a point on BC such that ∠BAC = ∠ADC. Prove that AC2 = BC × DC.
Solution:
In ΔABC and ΔADC,
∠BAC = ∠ADC (given)
∠ACB = ∠ACD (common)
By AA similarity criterion,
ΔACB ~ ΔDCA
⇒ AC/DC = CB/CA
⇒ AC2 = BC × DC
Hence proved.

OR

In the right triangle ABC, ∠ABC = 90° and BD ⊥ AC. Prove that: AB2/BC2 = AD/CD

Solution:
Given that, in right triangle ABC, ∠ABC = 90° and BD ⊥ AC.
By the corollary of right angle theorem,
AB2 = AD × AC ....(i)
And
BC2 = CD × AC ....(ii)
Dividing (i) by (ii),
AB2/BC2 = (AD × AC)/ (CD × AC)
AB2/BC2 = AD/CD
Hence proved.

26. Find the value of sin 30° . cos 60° - tan245°.

Solution:
sin 30° = 1/2
cos 60° = 1/2
tan 45° = 1
sin 30° . cos 60° - tan245°
= (1/2) × (1/2) - (1)2
= (1/4) - 1
= (1 - 4)/4
= -3/4
27. Find the radius of a circle whose centre is (-5, 4) and which passes through the point (-7, 1).

Solution:
Given,
Centre = C(-5, 4)
Circle passes through the point A = (-7, 1)
Radius of the circle = Distance between A and C
Let, (x1, y1) = (-5, 4)
(x2, y2) = (-7, 1)

Therefore, the radius of the circle is √13 units.

28. The radii of two right circular cylinders are in the ratio 2 : 3 and the ratio of their curved surface areas is 5 : 6.
Find the ratio of their heights.

Solution:
Let h1 and h2 be the heights of two right circular cylinders.
Given,
Ratio of the radii of two right circular cylinders = r1 : r2 = 2 : 3
Ratio of the curved surface areas = S1 : S2 = 5 : 6
2πr1h1/2πr2h2 = 5/6
2h1/3h2 = 5/6
h1/h2 = (5 × 3)/(6 × 2)
h1/h2 = 5/4
Hence, the required ratio is 5 : 4.

29. The radius of a solid metallic sphere is 10 cm. It is melted and recast into small cones of height 10 cm and
base radius 5 cm. Find the number of small cones formed.

Solution:
Given,
Radius of solid sphere = R = 10 cm
Base radius of cone = r = 5 cm
Height of cone = h = 10 cm
Number of small cones = Volume of sphere/Volume of one small cone
= (4/3)πR3/ [(1/3)πr2h]
= (4 × 10 × 10 × 10)/ (5 × 5 × 10)
=4×2×2
= 16
Hence, the number of small cones formed from the sphere = 16

30. Draw a plan by using the information given below:

[Scale: 25 metres = 1 cm]

Solution:
Scale:
25 m = 1 cm
50 m = 2 cm
75 m = 3 cm
100 m = 4 cm
125 m = 5 cm
200 m = 8 cm
 SECTION - IV

31. Rationalise the denominator and simplify:

(√6 + √3)/(√6 - √3)

Solution:
(√6 + √3)/(√6 - √3)
By rationalising the denominator,
= [(√6 + √3)/(√6 - √3)] × [(√6 + √3)/(√6 + √3)]
= (√6 + √3)2/ [(√6)2 - (√3)2]
= (6 + 3 + 2√6√3)/ (6 - 3)
= (9 + 2√18)/3
= (9 + 6√2)/3
= 3(3 + 2√2)/3
= 3 + 2√2

32. Find the quotient q(x) and remainder r(x) on dividing p(x) = x3 + 4x2 - 5x + 6 by g(x) = x + 1 and hence verify
p(x) = [g(x) × q(x)] + r(x).

Solution:
Given,
p(x) = x3 + 4x2 - 5x
g(x) = x + 1
Quotient = q(x) = x2 + 3x - 8
Remainder = r(x) = 14
Verification:
[g(x) × q(x)] + r(x)
= (x + 1)(x2 + 3x - 8) + 14
= x3 + 3x2 - 8x + x2 + 3x - 8 + 14
= x3 + 4x2 - 5x + 6
= p(x)
Therefore, p(x) = [g(x) × q(x)] + r(x)

OR

Find the quotient and remainder by using synthetic division:

(4x3 - 16x2 - 9x - 36) ÷ (x + 2)

Solution:
(4x3 - 16x2 - 9x - 36) ÷ (x + 2)
Using synthetic division,

Therefore,
Quotient = q(x) = 4x2 - 24x + 39
Remainder = r(x) = -114

33. Find three consecutive positive integers such that the sum of the square of the first integer and the product of
the other two is 92.
Solution:
Let x, (x + 1) and (x + 2) be the three consecutive positive integers.
According to the given,
x2 + (x + 1)(x + 2) = 92
x2 + x2 + 2x + x + 2 = 92
2x2 + 3x + 2 - 92 = 0
2x2 + 3x - 90 = 0
2x2 - 12x + 15x - 90 = 0
2x(x - 6) + 15(x - 6) = 0
(x - 6)(2x + 15) = 0
x - 6 = 0, 2x + 15 = 0
x = 6, x = -15/2
x cannot be negative.
Therefore, x = 6
Hence, the required three consecutive positive integers are 6, 7 and 8.

OR

Sum of the squares of any two numbers is 180. If the square of the smaller number is equal to 8 times the bigger
number, find the two numbers.

Solution:
Let x, y be the two numbers and x > y.
Sum of the squares of two numbers is 180.
i.e. x2 + y2 = 180 ....(i)
Given that the square of the smaller number is equal to 8 times the bigger number.
i.e. y2 = 8x ....(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
x2 + 8x = 180
x2 + 8x - 180 = 0
x2 + 18x - 10x - 180 = 0
x(x + 18) - 10(x + 18) = 0
(x + 18)(x - 10) = 0
x = -18, x = 10
x = -18 is not possible.
Thus, x = 10
Substituting x = 10 in (ii),
y2 = 8 × 10
= 80
y = √80 = 4√5
Hence, the required numbers are 10 and 4√5.

34. Prove that “If two circles touch each other externally, the centres and the point of contact are collinear”.

Solution:
Let A be the centre of circle C1 and B be the centre of circle C2.
P be the point of contact.
Draw tangent XY which passes through P.
∠APX = ∠BPX = 90° (radius is perpendicular to the tangent through the point of contact)
Now,
∠APX + ∠BPX = 90° + 90° = 180°
180° is the angle formed by a straight line.
Thus, ∠APX and ∠BPX is a linear pair.
Therefore, A, P and B are collinear.
Hence proved.

35. In an equilateral triangle ABC, AN ⊥ BC, prove that 4AN2 = 3AB2.

Solution:
Given that in an equilateral triangle ABC, AN ⊥ BC.

Thus, BN = NC = (1/2)BC = (1/2)AB

In right triangle ANB,
AB2 = AN2 + BN2
AN2 = AB2 - BN2
= AB2 - [(1/2)AB]2
= AB2 - (AB2/4)
= (4AB2 - AB2)/4
4AN2 = 3AB2
Hence proved.

OR

In ΔABC, AD ⊥ BC, prove that AB2 + CD2 = AC2 + BD2.

Solution:
Given that in ΔABC, AD ⊥ BC.

In right triangle ADB,

AB2 = AD2 + BD2
⇒ AD2 = AB2 - BD2 ....(i)
In right triangle ADC,
AC2 = AD2 + DC2
⇒ AD2 = AC2 - DC2 ....(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
AB2 - BD2 = AC2 - DC2
AB2 + DC2 = AC2 + BD2
Hence proved.

36. Prove that tan2A - sin2A = tan2A . sin2A.

Solution:
LHS = tan2A - sin2A
= (sin2A/cos2A) - sin2A
= (sin2A - sin2A cos2A)/cos2A
= sin2A(1 - cos2A)/cos2A
Using the identity sin2θ + cos2θ = 1,
= (sin2A sin2A)/cos2A
= (sin2A/cos2A) sin2A
= tan2A sin2A
= RHS
Hence proved.

OR

From the top of a building 50√3 m high the angle of depression of an object on the ground is observed
to be 30°. Find the distance of the object from the foot of the building.

Solution:
Let AB be the building and C be the object.

AB = 50√3 m
∠PAC = ∠ACB = 30°
Angle of depression = θ = 30°
In right triangle ABC,
tan 30° = AB/BC
1/√3 = (50√3)/BC
BC = (50√3) × √3
= 50 × 3
= 150
Hence, the distance between the building and the objec = BC = 150 m

SECTION - V

37. The sum of 3rd and 5th terms of an arithmetic progression is 30 and the sum of 4th and 8th terms of it is 46.
Find the arithmetic progression.

Solution:
Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of an AP.
According to the given,
a3 + a5 = 30
a + 2d + a + 4d = 30
2a + 6d = 30
2(a + 3d) = 30
a + 3d = 15 ....(i)
And
a4 + a8 = 46
a + 3d + a + 7d = 46
2a + 10d = 46
2(a + 5d) = 46
a + 5d = 23 ....(ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii),
a + 5d - (a + 3d) = 23 - 15
2d = 8
d = 8/2 = 4
Substituting d = 4 in (i),
a + 3(4) = 15
a + 12 = 15
a = 15 - 12
a=3
a+d=3+4=7
a + 2d = 3 + 2(4) = 11
a + 3d = 3 + 3(4) = 15
Hence, the required AP is 3, 7, 11, 15,...

OR

If the fourth term of a geometric progression is 8 and its eighth term is 128, find the sum of the first ten terms of
the progression.

Solution:
Given that in GP,
a4 = 8
ar3 = 8 ....(i)
And
a8 = 128
ar7 = 128 ....(ii)
Dividing (ii) by (i),
ar7/ar3 = 128/8
r4 = 16
r4 = (2)4
r=2
Substituting r = 2 in (i),
a(2)3 = 8
8a = 8
a = 8/8 = 1
Sum of the first n term
Sn = a(rn - 1)/(r - 1)
S10 = 1(210 - 1)/(2 - 1)
= 1024 - 1
= 1023
Hence, the sum of the first 10 terms of the GP is 1023.
38. Solve x2 - 2x - 3 = 0 graphically.

Solution:
Given,
x2 - 2x - 3 = 0
x2 - (2x + 3) = 0
Thus, the solution will be the intersection of y = x2 and y = 2x + 3
Consider, y = x2

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

y 9 4 1 0 1 4 9

y = 2x + 3

x -1 0 1 2 3

y 1 3 5 7 9

Graph:

These intersect each other at x = -1 and x = 3.

Hence, the required solution is x = -1 and x = 3

39. Construct a pair of direct common tangents to two circles of radii 4 cm and 2 cm whose centres are 8 cm
apart. Measure and write the length of the direct common tangent.
Solution:

Therefore, KX and LY are the required tangents of length 7.8 cm.

40. Prove that “If two triangles are equiangular, then their corresponding sides are in proportion”.

Solution:
Given,
In ΔABC and ΔDEF,
∠BAC = ∠EDF
∠ABC = ∠DEF
To prove: AB/DE = BC/EF = AC/DF
Construction:
Points G and H are marked on AB and AC such that AG = DE and AH = DF. Join GH.
In ΔAGH and ΔDEF,
AG = DE (by construction)
∠GAH = ∠EDF (given)
AH = DF (by construction)
BY SAS congruence criterion,
ΔAGH ≅ ΔDEF
Thus, by CPCT,
GH = EF
∠AGH = ∠DEF
Given that, ∠DEF = ∠ABC
∠AGH = ∠ABC (alternate angles)
Therefore, GH || BC
By the corollary of Thales(BPT) theorem,
AB.AG = BC/GH = AC/AH
And, AG = DE , GH = EF, AH = DF
Therefore,
AB/DE = BC/EF = AC/DF
Hence proved.