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CPEPRACDSN1-Lecture 3

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9 views21 pages

CPEPRACDSN1-Lecture 3

Uploaded by

Mark Railey Generoso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CPEPRACDSN1

Engr. Gina S. Tumang, PCpE


Lecture 3
APA GUIDELINES:
A BRIEF REVIEW
Why learn APA manuscript formatting
guidelines

 professional standard
 need to know when you
publish
 need for continued graduate
work
APA publication guideline history
 started in 1928
 anthropological and psychological
journal editors met
 purpose: to standardize
publication formats
 first guidelines 7 pages long
 latest 6th edition printed 2009
General formatting guidelines

 Margins: 1 inch around

 Font: Times New Roman – 12 pt.

 Line spacing: double spaced


throughout
 Word spacing:
▪ 1 space after commas, colons, and
semi-colons
▪ 1 space after period in name (A. B.
Smith)
▪ 1 space after period separating parts
of reference citation
▪ 1 or 2 spaces after periods in
sentences in text
Citing within text
Paraphrasing within text:
In a 1989 article, Gould explores some of Darwin’s most effective
metaphors.

Author cited in text:


Gould (1989) attributed Darwin’s success to his gift for making the
appropriate metaphor.

Author not cited in text:


As metaphors for the workings of nature, Darwin used the tangled bank,
the tree of life, and the face of nature (Gould, 1989).
Quotes within text
Direct quote from author:
Gould (1989) explains that Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to
express the other form of interconnectedness-genealogical rather than
ecological-and to illustrate both success and failure in the history of life”
(p.14).

Direct quote without name of author:


Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to express the other form of
interconnectedness-genealogical rather than ecological” (Gould, 1989,
p.14).
Long Quotes (40 words or more)

General format for long quotes:


 indented 5 spaces
 do not use quotation marks
 citation appears one space after last punctuation of quote

Friedman (2006) draws connections between two seemingly disparate


events: November 9 (dismantling of the Berlin Wall) and September 11
(attack on the World Trade Center). He believes

these two dates represent the two competing forms of imagination at


work in the world today: the creative imagination of 11/9 and the
destructive imagination of 9/11. One brought down a wall and opened
the windows of the world. . . [the other] putting up new invisible and
concrete walls among people. (p. 543). (p. 543) (p. 543)
(p. 543)
Multiple works within same parenthesis
Example:

Several studies (Balda, 1980; Kammil,


1988; Pepperberg & Funk, 1990) confirm
the use of metaphors increases learning.
One work with multiple authors
First citation in text:
• Wasserstein, Zappula, Rosen, German, and Rock (1994) found. . .
• The use of metaphors was found to be helpful (Wasserstein, Zappula, Rosen,
German, & Rock, 1994)

Subsequent citations (3 or more authors):


• Wasserstein and colleagues (1994) found
• Wasserstein et al. (1994) found
• The use of metaphors was found to be helpful (Wasserstein et al., 1994)
Citation from secondary source
Text:
Seidenberg and McCelland’s study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, &
Haller, 1993).

Reference page:
Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., & Haller, M. (1993). Models of reading
aloud: Dual-route and parallel-distributed-processing approaches.
Psychological Review, 100, 589-608.

Use sparingly!
References
• References are listed on separate page

• Only citations that appear in the text should appear on the


reference page
• Everything cited in the text should appear on the reference
page.
• References are double-spaced, flush left with subsequent
lines indented 5 spaces
Periodicals
General format:
Author, A. A (year, add month and date of publication for
daily or weekly publications). Title of article. Title of
Periodical, volume number(issue), pages.

Example:
Little, D. W. (200l). Leading change: Creating the future for education
technology. Syllabus International, 15(5), 22-24.
Book, edition, multiple authors
General format:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year of
publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle
(number ed.). Location City, State Abbreviation:
Publisher.

Example:
Anderson, A. B., Smith, S. D., & Jones, J. C. (1978). A distant mirror: The
calamitous fourteenth century (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Knopf.
Chapter in book
General format:
Author, A. A. (date of publication). Title of chapter. In A.
Editor (Ed.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Location:
Publisher.

Example:
James, J. E. (1988). Two sides of paradise: The Eden myth according to
Kirk and Spock. In D. Palumbo (Ed.), Spectrum of the fantastic (pp.
219-223). Westport, CT: Greenwood.
Digital Object Identifiers (DOI)
DOIs are unique strings of
numbers used to identify
online articles’ content and
provide a persistent link to
their location on the Internet.
1. When DOIs are present,
no longer have to include
URL.
2. When DOIs are not
present, include URL
Online periodical when DOI is present

General format:
Author, A. A. (date). Title of article. Title of Journal,
volume(number), page numbers. doi: xx.xxxxxxx

Example:
Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005).
Volunteer support, marital status, and the
survival times of terminally ill patients.
Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:
10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225
Online article when DOI is not present

General format:
Author, A. A. (date of publication). Title of article Title
of Journal, volume(number), page numbers.
Retrieved from URL
Example:
Sillick, T. J., & Schutte, N. S. (2006). Emotional intelligence and self-
esteem mediate between perceived early parental love and adult
happiness. Applied Psychology, 2(2), 38-48. Retrieved from
http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap
Citing others’ work
A citation is giving credit whenever you
use someone’s ideas, figures, unique
approach, or specific reasoning. This
is done whether you paraphrase
another’s ideas or use direct quotes.

The purpose of using citations is


twofold:
1. to give credit for the person whose
material you are using and
2. to offer a way for readers of your
work to find out more information
about that source.
Plagiarism

Plagiarism: act of using someone


else’s ideas, words, figures, unique
approach, or specific reasoning
without giving appropriate credit.

It’s a bad thing!


Resources

American Psychological Association


(2010). Publication manual of
the American Psychological
Association (6th ed.).
Washington, DC: Author.
APA Website: www.apastyle.org

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