MECHANICS

ASSIGNMENT
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
MECHANICS 1

Kinematics

Newton's Laws of Motion

Centre of Mass

Angular momentum, Torque, and Oscillations

Conservation Laws

Momentum, Impulse and Collisions

Central Force & Gravitation

Non-inertial Frames of Reference

Variable Mass System

Moment of Inertia Tensor

Rigid Body Dynamics

Fluid Mechanics

Lagrangian & Hamiltonian Formulations

MECHANICS 2

KINEMATICS (MCQ)
1. A body starting from rest moves along a straight line with constant acceleration. The
variation of speed (v) with distance (s) is given by graph

2. A ball is dropped vertically from a height 'd' above the ground. It hits the ground and
bounces up vertically to a height d/2. Neglecting subsequent motion and air resistance,
its velocity  varies with height h above the ground as

3. The given graph shows the variation of velocity with displacement. Which one of the
graph given below correctly represents the variation of acceleration with displacement.

4. Two identical discs of same radius R are rotating about their axes in opposite directions
with the same constant angular speed . The discs are in the same horizontal plane. At
time t = 0, the points P and Q are facing each other as shown in the figure. The relative
speed between the two points P and Q is r. In one time period (T) of rotation of the discs,
t as a function of time is best represented by
MECHANICS 3

5. The figure shows a system consisting of (i) a ring of outer radius 3R rolling clockwise
without slipping on a horizontal surface with angular speed  and (ii) an inner disc of
radius 2R rotating anti-clockwise with angular speed /2. The ring and disc are separated
by frictionless ball bearings. The system is in the x-z plane. The point P on the inner disc
is at a distance R from the origin, where OP makes an angle of 30 with the horizontal.
Then with respect of the horizontal surface.

(a) the point O has a linear velocity 3𝑅𝜔𝑖̂

11 √3
(b) the point P has a linear velocity 4
𝑅𝜔𝑖̂ + 4 𝑅𝜔𝑘̂

13 √3
(c) the point P has a linear velocity 4
𝑅𝜔𝑖̂ − 4 𝑅𝜔𝑘̂

3 1
(d) the point P has a linear velocity (3 − √4 ) 𝑅𝜔𝑖̂ + 4 𝑅𝜔𝑘̂
MECHANICS 4

6. A particle is projected up with speed 20 m/s from a tower of height 11.25m. After what
time the particle will hit the ground (g = 10 m/s2)

(a) 3 sec (b) 2.5 sec

(c) 1.5 sec (d) 4.5 sec

7. A very long rod rotates about a pivot with a constant angular velocity . A bead is
constrained to slide along the rod without friction. At time t = 0, the bead is at rest a
distance d away from the pivot. Its distance r(t) from the pivot at time is

(a) d sinh(t) (b) d sin(t)

(c) d cosh(t) (d) d cos(t)

8. If radial and transverse acceleration are both zero then

(a) radial and transverse velocities must be constant

(b) radial velocity must be constant

(c) transverse velocity must be constant

(d) both radial and transverse velocity may not be constant

9. A bead is embedded in a smooth horizontal straight wire. If the wire is rotated with
uniform angular velocity, then

(a) radial velocity is zero (b) radial acceleration is zero

(c) transverse velocity is constant (d) transverse acceleration is zero

10. An insect is moving with constant speed on a straight horizontal wire. If the wire is rotated
with uniform angular speed about a vertical axis and speed of particle with respect to wire
remains constant then

(a) only radial acceleration is zero (b) only transverse acceleration is zero

(c) both radial and transverse acceleration is zero

(d) both radial and transverse acceleration is non-zero

MECHANICS 5

11. A particle is moving on a plane. If radial acceleration of particle is zero and angular
velocity is constant then

(a) r = constant (b) r = ar 2 + b

(c) r = ar + b (d) r = ar + b

12. A particle is moving under a radial force. If transverse velocity is proportion to 't' then
radial velocity is proportional to

1
(a) t (b)
t

1
(c) (d) t2
t2

2rˆ + ˆ
13. A particle is moving on x, y plane. When particle is at (1, 1) its velocity is , x-
5
component of velocity of the particle is

1 2
(a) (b)
5 5

3 1
(c) (d)
5 10

14. A particle starts moving from origin on x-y plane. If initial velocity of particle is ˆi + 2ˆj

and acceleration of particle is ˆi − ˆj then radial velocity of particle after 2 second will be

1 6
(a) (b)
5 5

2 4
(c) (d)
5 5

15. Velocity of a particle is ˆi − ˆj . Transverse component of velocity at x = 1, y = 1 is

1
(a) 2 (b) (c) 0 (d) 2
2
MECHANICS 6

16. A stone of mass 'm' is tied to a string and swirled in a circular path of radius r0 with
angular speed 0. At t = 0 the length of string is begun to reduce at constant rate .
Tension in the string after time 't' will be

(a) m02 r0 (b) m02 (r0 − t)

m02 r02 m02 r04

(c) (d)
r0 − t (r0 − t)3

17. A particle of mass 'm' is tied to a spring natural length l. The other end of the spring is
fixed. The whole system lies on smooth horizontal plane. If particle is given a speed in
some arbitrary direction parallel to the plane, then in polar coordinate (r, ) its equation
of motion will be

k k
(a) r − r2 = − r, 2r + r = 0 (b) r − r2 = − (r − ), 2r + r = 0
m m

k k k
(c) r − r2 = (r − ), 2r + r = 0 (d) r − r2 = − (r − ), 2r + r = − (r − )
m m m

18. A particle is moving in a circle with constant speed . Root mean square value of
component of velocity along diameter of circle is

(a)  (b) 2


(c) (d) 0
2

19. In previous question, root mean square value of component of acceleration along
diameter of circle (radius r) is

2 2 2
(a) (b) 2 (c) (d) 0
r r 2r
MECHANICS 7

20. In the arrangement shown in the figure the ends P and Q of an un-stretchable string move
downwards with uniform speed U. Pulleys A and B are fixed. Mass M moves upwards
with a speed

(a) 2Ucos (b)U/cos

(c) 2U/cos (d) Ucos

21. A particle is moving with eastwards with a velocity of 5 m/s. In 10 s the velocity changes
to 5 m/s northwards. The average acceleration in this time is

1
(a) Zero (b) m / s 2 towards north-east
2

1 1
(c) m / s 2 towards north-west (d) m / s 2 towards north
2 2

22. A particle P is sliding down a frictionless hemispherical

bowl. It passes the point A at t = 0. At this instant of time,
the horizontal component of its velocity is . A bead Q of
the same mass as P is ejected from A at t = 0 along the
horizontal string AB, with the speed . Friction between
the bead and the string may be neglected. Let tP and tQ be the respective times taken by P
and Q to reach the point B. Then,

(a) t P  t Q (b) t P = t Q

t P length of arc ACB

(c) t P  t Q (d) =
t Q length of chord AB
MECHANICS 8

23. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate  for some time after which it decelerates at
a constant rate  to come to rest. If the total time elapsed is t, the maximum velocity
acquired by the car is given by the car is given by

  2 + 2    2 − 2 
(a)  t (b)  t
    
2


  +    
(c)  t (d)  t
     + 

24. A moving body is covering the distance directly proportional to the square of the time.
The acceleration of the body is

(a) increasing (b) decreasing

(c) zero (d) constant

25. The numerical ratio of displacement to distance is

(a) always < 1 (b) always = 1

(c) always > 1 (d) may be  1

26. A person travels along a straight road for the first half time with a velocity 1 and the
second half time with a velocity 2. Then the mean velocity  is given by

1 +  2 2 1 1
(a)  = (b) = +
2  1  2

 
(c)  = (1 2 ) (d)  =  2 
 1 

27. A body is moved along a straight line by a machine delivering constant power. The
distance moved by the body in time 't' is proportional to

(a) t1/2 (b) t3/4

(c) t3/2 (d) t2

MECHANICS 9

28. The acceleration of a moving body can be found from

(a) area under velocity-time graph (b) area under distance-time graph

(c) shape of the velocity-time graph (d) slope of distance time graph

29. An electron starting from rest has a velocity that increases linearly with time that is a =
kt where k = (2 m/s)/s. The distance covered in first 3 second will be

(a) 9 m (b) 16 m (c) 27 m (d0 36 m

30. A point moves with uniform acceleration and 1, 2 denote the average velocities in the
three successive intervals of time t1, t2 and t3. Which of the following relation is correct?

(a) (1 − 2 ) : (2 − 3 ) = (t1 − t 2 ) : (t 2 + t 3 ) (b) (1 − 2 ) : (2 − 3 ) = (t1 + t 2 ) : (t 2 + t 3 )

(c) (1 − 2 ) : (2 − 3 ) = (t1 + t 2 ) : (t 2 − t 3 ) (d) (1 − 2 ) : (2 − 3 ) = (t1 − t 2 ) : (t 2 − t 3 )

31. The variation of velocity of a particle moving along a straight line is illustrated in the
following figure below. The distance traversed by the particle in 4 seconds is

Time(sec)→

(a) 60 m (b) 25 m

(c) 55 m (d) 30 m

32. The relation between the time t and distance x is t = ax2 + x, where  and  are constants.
The retardation is

(a) 23 (b) 23

(c) 2 3 (d) 2 2  2

MECHANICS 10

33. The velocity time relation of an electron starting from rest is given by v = Kt, where K =
2 m/s2. The distance traversed in 3 sec is:

(a) 9 m (b) 16 m

(c) 27 m (d) 36 m

34. The initial velocity of a particle is u (at t = 0) and the acceleration f is given by a t. Which
of the following relation is valid?

(a)  = u + at 2 (b)  = u + at 2 / 2

(c)  = u + at (d)  = u

35. A particle moves along X-axis in such a way that its coordinate (x) varies with time (t)
according to the expression, x = 2 − 5t + 6t2. The initial velocity of the particle is

(a) −5 m/s (b) −3 m/s

(c) 3 m/s (d) 6 m/s

36. A car covers the first half of the distance between two places at a speed of 40 km/hour
and the second half at 60 km/hour. Then the average speed of the car is

(a) 100 km/hour (b) 55 km/hour

(c) 50 km/hour (d) 48 km/hour

37. Two cars are moving in the same direction with a speed of 30 km/h. They are separated
from each other by 5 km. Third car moving in the opposite direction meets the two cars
after an interval of 4 minutes. What is the speed of the third car?

(a) 30 km/h (b) 35 km/h (c) 40 km/h (d) 45 km/h

38. Two points move in the same straight line starting at the same moment from the same
point in it. The first moves with constant velocity 'u' and the second with constant
acceleration. During the time that elapses before the second catches the first the greatest
distance between the particles is

u u2 u f
(a) (b) (c) (d)
f 2f 2u 2 u2
MECHANICS 11

39. The displacement of a particle undergoing rectilinear motion along the x-axis is given by

x = 2t3 + 21t2 + 60t + 6

The acceleration of the particle when its velocity is zero will be

(a) 36 m/sec2 (b) 9 m/sec2

(c) −9 m/sec2 (d) −18 m/sec2

40. In 1.0 s, a particle goes from point A to point B moving in a semicircle (see
figure). The magnitude of the average velocity is

(a) 3.15 m/s (b) 2.0 m/s

(c) 1.0 m/s (d) zero

41. A body starts from rest and moves with constant acceleration. The ratio of distance
covered by the body in nth second to that covered in n second is:

(a) 1/n (b) (2n−1)/n2

(c) n2/(2n−1) (d) (2n−1)/2n2

42. A train accelerates from rest at constant rate  for distance s1 and time t1. After that it
retards to rest at constant are  for distance s2 at time t2. Which of the following relation
is correct?

s1  t1 s1  t1
(a) = = (b) = =
s2  t 2 s2  t 2

s1  t 2 s1  t 2
(c) = = (d) = =
s 2  t1 s 2  t1

43. A train accelerates from rest at a constant rate  for some time and then it retards to rest
at the constant rate . If the total distance covered by the train is s, then the velocity of
the train is

1 1 1 1
 +   2
 −  2
 2  2
 2  2
(a)   s (b)   s (c)   s (d)   s
 2   2   +    − 
MECHANICS 12

44. The position of a point which moves in a straight line is given by x = bt3 − ct, where x is
in meters, t in seconds and b and c are positive constants. When t = 2 seconds, the
acceleration is 24 m/s2, in positive x direction and at the same time the velocity is 8 m/sec.
in negative x direction. Find the total time t required for the point to move away from the
return to the origin at x = 0.

(a) 4 sec (b) 8 sec

(c) 12 sec (d) 16 sec

45. A particle starts from rest. Its acceleration (a) versus time (t) is as
shown in the figure. The maximum speed of the particle will be

(a) 110 m/s (b) 55 m/s

(c) 550 m/s (d) 660 m/s

46. A small block slides without friction down an inclined plane starting from rest. Let sn be
sn
the distance travelled from t = n − 1 to t = n. Then is
s n +1

2n − 1 2n + 1 2n − 1 2n
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2n 2n − 1 2n + 1 2n + 1

47. Two cars a and b are travelling in the same direction with velocities a and b (a > b).
When the car a is at a distance behind the car b, the driver of car a is at a distance behind
the car b, the driver of car a applies breaks producing a uniform retardation f. There will
be no collision when

(a) d  ( a −  b ) 2 / 2f (b) d  ( b −  a ) 2 / 2f

(c) d  ( a −  b ) 2 / 2f (d) d  ( b −  a ) 2 / 2f

48. Two bodies of different masses ma and mb are dropped from two different heights a and
b. The ratio of time taken by the two to drop through these distances is

(a) a : b (b) a2 : b2

(c) a: b (d) Ma/Mb : b/a

MECHANICS 13

49. A ball is thrown vertically upward. Which of the following graph/graphs represents
velocity-time graph of the ball its flight, ignoring air resistance?

50. A body is released from a great height and falls freely towards the earth. Another body is
released from the same height exactly one second later. Then the separation between the
two bodies, two second after the release of the second body is

(a) 4.9 m (b) 9.8 m

(c) 19.6 m (d) 24.5 m

51. A body is released from the top of a tower of height h meters. It takes t seconds to reach
the ground. Where is the ball at the time t/2 second?

(a) at h/2 meters from the ground (b) at h/4 meters from the ground

(c) depends upon the mass and volume of the ball

(d) at 3 h/4 meters from the ground

52. A ball is dropped from a bridge 122.5 meters above a river. After the ball has been falling
for two seconds, a second half is thrown straight down after it. What must its initial
velocity be so that both hit the water at the same time.

(a) 49 m/sec (b) 55.5 m/sec

(c) 26.1 m/sec (d) 9.6 m/s

53. An object is projected upward with a velocity of 100 m/sec. It will strike the ground in
approximately.

(a) 10 sec (b) 20 sec (c) 15 sec (d) 5 sec

54. A ball is thrown vertically upward from the ground with a speed of 80 ft/sec. If g = 32
ft/sec2, then the ball will be at a height of 96 feet above the ground after time

(a) 2 and 3 sec (b) 3 sec only (c) 2 sec only (d) 1 and 2 sec
MECHANICS 14

55. The distance travelled by a body falling from rest in the first, second and the third seconds
are in the ratio

(a) 1: 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 3 : 5

(c) 1 : 4 : 9 (d) None of the above

56. A body sliding on a smooth inclined plane requires 4 sec to reach the bottom after starting
from rest at the top. How much time does is take to cover one fourth the distance starting
from rest at the top?

(a) 1 sec (b) 2 sec

(c) 4 sec (d) 16 sec

57. A balloon is going vertically upwards with velocity 12 m/s. When it is at a height of 65m
above the ground, it gently releases a stone. In how much time the stone will reach the
ground? Take g = 10 m/s2

(a) 13 sec (b) 5 sec

(c) 6.5 sec (d) 10 sec

58. A stone is dropped from the top of a tower and travels 24.5 m in last second of its journey.
The height of the tower is

(a) 44.1 m (b) 49 m

(c) 76.4 m (d) 72 m

59. A stone is dropped in to a well 44.1 m deep. After how much time the sound wil be heard
if the velocity of sound is 330 m/s

(a) 6 sec (b) 3.13 sec

(c) 6.26 sec (d) 1.56 sec

60. The velocity of a body falling freely under gravity varies according to the formula gphq,
where h is the distance travelled by the body. The values of p and q are

(a) 1, ½ (b) 1/2, ½ (c) 1/2, 1 (d) 1, 1

MECHANICS 15

61. A freely falling particle, falling from a tower of height h covers a distance h/2 in the last
second of its motion. The height of the tower is (take g = 10 m/s2) nearly

(a) 50 m (b) 55 m

(c) 45 m (d) 58 m

62. A stone falls freely from rest and the total distance covered by it in the last second of its
motion equals the distance covered by it in the first three seconds of its motion. The stone
remains in the air for

(a) 5s (b) 8s

(c) 10s (d) 15s

63. A parachutist drops freely from an aeroplane for 10s before the parachute opens out. Then
he descends with a net retardation of 2.5 m/s2. If he bails out of the plane at a height of
2495 m and g = 10 m/s2, his velocity on reaching the ground will be

(a) 5 m/s (b) 10 m/s

(c) 15 m/s (d) 20 m/s

64. Two particles P and Q start moving with constant speed  from point A as shown in the
figure. Relative velocity of particle after time t is

   
(a) 2 sin  t  (b) 2 cos  t 
r  r 

   
(c)  sin  t  (d)  cos  t 
r  r 

65. A wheel of radius R rolls on a horizontal surface without slipping. Distance moved by a
point of on periphery of wheel during one full rotation is

(a) 2R (b) 2R

(c) 4R (d) 8R

MECHANICS 16

66. A particle is moving on a plane. At some instant of time radial velocity of particle is √3
times transverse velocity. If speed of particle is 8 m/s then transverse speed is

(a) √3 m/s (b) 2√3m/s

(c) 4 m/s (d) 2 m/s

67. A particle is moving on a plane equation of its path r = constant. Its transverse
acceleration is zero. Force acting on the particle varies with r as

1 1
(a) 𝑟 (b) 𝑟2

1 1
(c) 𝑟3 (d) 𝑟4

68. A particle is moving in a plane its transverse velocity is 2 times radial velocity. If speed
of the particle at any instant is √5𝑡 and t = 0, r = 1,  = 0 then at t = 1 polar coordinates
of the particle will be

(a) 2, 1 (b) 2, 21n2

3 3
(c) 2, 1n2 (d) 2 , 2𝑙𝑛 2

69. If transverse acceleration is zero then

1
(a) ar  r (b) vr 𝑟

1
(c) v  r (d) v  𝑟

70. A particle is moving in a circle with constant speed 0. At the moment shown in the
figure, x-component of its acceleration is

𝜈02 𝜈02 𝜈02

(a) 0 (b) 𝑟
(c) − 𝑟
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 (d) − 𝑟
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
MECHANICS 17

71. A particle is moving in a circle of radius 'r' with constant speed 'v'. Rate of change of
acceleration of the particle is

𝜈 𝜈2 𝜈2
(a) 0 (b) 𝑟 (c) 𝑟2 (d) 𝑟2

72. A particle is moving on x-y plane. A t = 0, x = y = 0 and 𝑥̇ = 0, 𝑦̇ = 𝛽 (constant). If particle

moves with constant acceleration 𝛼𝑥̂ then equation of path of the particle is

𝛼𝑦 2 𝛼𝑦 2
(a) 𝑥 = 2𝛽2 (b) 𝑥 = 𝛽

𝛼𝑦 2 𝛼𝑦 2
(c) 𝑥 = 2𝛽
(d) 𝑥 = 𝛽2

73. A particle is moving with constant speed 0 along a curve y = x2 y-component of
acceleration of the particle when it is at (x = y = 0) is

𝛼𝜈02
(a) 𝛼𝜈02 (b) 2

(c) 2𝛼𝜈02 (d) 4𝛼𝜈02

74. If the displacement of a particle varies with times as √𝑥 = 𝑡 + 7, the

(a) Velocity of the particle is inversely proportional to t

(b) Velocity of the particle is proportional to t.

(c) Velocity of the particle is proportional to √𝑡

(d) The particle moves with a constant acceleration.

75. The displacement x of a particle along a straight line at time t is given by

𝑥 = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑡 + 𝑎2 𝑡 2

(a) a0 (b) a1 (c) 2a2 (d) a2

76. The acceleration of a particle, starting from rest, varies with time according to the relation

a = − s2 sin t

The displacement of this particle at a time t will be

1
(a) s sin t (b) s cos t (c) s sin t (d) − 2 (𝑠𝜔2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡)𝑡 2
MECHANICS 18

77. A particle is moving along a straight-line path according to the relation

x2 = at2 + 2bt + c

where 's' represents the distance travelled in t seconds, a, b and c are constants. Then the
acceleration A of particle varies as

(a) s3 (b) s−3 (c) s2 (d) s−2

78. A body falling from a vertical height of 10 m pierced through a distance of 1 m in sand.
It faced an average retardation in sand amounting

(a) g (b) 10g

(c) 100g (d) 1000g

79. A body falls from a certain height. Two seconds later another body falls from the same
height. How long after the beginning of motion of the first body is the distance between
the bodies twice the distance at the moment of the second body starts to fall?

(a) 3s (b) 10s

(c) 15s (d) 75s

80. A particle is projected vertically upward and it reaches the maximum height H in time T
seconds. The height of the particle at any time t will be

1
(a) g(t − T)2 (b) 𝐻 − 2 𝑔(𝑡 − 𝑇)2

1
(c) 2 𝑔(𝑡 − 𝑇)2 (d) H − g(t − T)

81. Two balls are dropped from the top of a high tower with a time interval of t 0 second,
where t0 is smaller then the time taken by the first ball to reach the inelastic floor. The
distance s between the two balls, plotted against the time lapse t from the instant of
dropping the second ball is best separated by
MECHANICS 19

82. A particle moving in two dimensions has equation of path r = Aet and  = t, where A
and  are constants. Radial acceleration of particle is

(a) A2 (b) −A2

(c) A2et (d) zero

5𝜃
83. Equation of path of a particle is 𝑟 = 𝑒 12 . If magnitude of its speed is 13 t then magnitude
of radial speed is

(a) 12t (b) 5t

(c) 2t (d) 6t

Multiple Select Questions (MSQ)

1. The velocity  of a particle moving in the xy plane is given by  = (6.0t − 4.0t 2 )iˆ + 8.0ˆj.
With  in meters per second and t (>0) in seconds.

(a) the acceleration at t = 3.0 s is 12 m/s^2

(b) the acceleration zero at t = 3/4

(c) the velocity zero at t = 0 (d) the speed equal 10 m/s at t = 1

2. A particle is moving on a plane. Its transverse acceleration is zero and its equation of path
is r = Aek then (r, , V and ar are radial, transverse and total speed and radial component
of acceleration respectively)

1 1
(a)  r  (b)   
r r

1 1
(c) a r  (d)  
r3 r
MECHANICS 20

Numerical Answer Type (NAT)

1. A particle moves in a circle of radius R. In half the period of revolution ratio of average
speed to average velocity is __________

2. Spotlight S rotates in a horizontal plane with constant angular velocity of 0.1 rad/s. The
spot of light P moves along the wall at a distance of 3 m. The velocity of the spot P when
 = 45 (see figure) is __________ m/s.

3. The trajectory of a projectile in a vertical plane is y = x − 2x2, where, x and y are

respectively the horizontal and vertical distances of the projectile from the point of
projection. The maximum height attained is __________ and the angle of projection from
the horizontal is ____________

4. Two guns situated on the top of a hill of height 10m fire one shot each with the same
speed 5 3 m/s at some interval of time. One gun fires horizontally and other fires
upwards at an angle of 60 with the horizontal. The shots collide in air at point P (g=10
m/s2). The time interval between the firings is _____________

5. An object A is kept fixed at the point x=3m and

y=1.25m on a plank P raised above the ground. At time
t = 0 the plank starts moving along the +x-direction with
an acceleration 1.5 m/s2. At the same instant a stone is
projected from the origin with a velocity u as shown.
A stationary person on the ground observes the stone
hitting the object during its downward motion at an angle of 45 to the horizontal. All the
motions are in x-y plane. The time after which stone hits the object is _______ second.
(Take g = 10 m/s2).
MECHANICS 21

6. ˆ /s
A particle leaves the origin with an initial velocity  = (3.00i)m and a constant

acceleration a = (−1.00iˆ − 0.500ˆj)m / s 2 . When the particle reaches its maximum 'x'
coordinate, its speed is ___________ m/s.

7. A particle starts from origin at t = 0 with a velocity of 8.0ˆj m / s and moves in the xy

plane with a constant acceleration of (4.0iˆ + 2.0ˆj). At the instant the particle's x
coordinate is 29 m, its speed is _________ m/s.

8. Airplanes A and B are flying with constant velocity in the same vertical plane at angles
30 and 60 with respect to the horizontal respectively as shown in figure. The speed of

A is 100 3ms−1. At time t = 0s, an observer in A finds B at a distance of 500m. This

observer sees B moving with a constant velocity perpendicular to the line of motion of
A. If at t = t0, A just escapes being hit by B, t0 in seconds is ________ second.

9. In the figure shown range of projectile on inclined plane is ___________ meter. (g = 10

m/s2)

10. A projectile is thrown at some angle with horizontal. Area of its path with horizontal is
maximum when angle of projection is __________ degree.
MECHANICS 22

ANSWER KEYS (MCQ)

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (a,b) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (d)

11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b)

21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (c) 29. (a) 30. (b)

31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (a) 36. (d) 37. (d) 38. (b) 39. (d) 40. (b)

41. (b) 42. (b) 43. (c) 44. (a) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (a) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (d)

51. (d) 52. (c) 53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (b) 57. (b) 58. (a) 59. (b) 60. (b)

61. (d) 62. (a) 63. (a) 64. (b) 65. (d) 66. (c) 67. (c) 68. (d) 69. (d) 70. (c)

71. (d) 72. (a) 73. (c) 74. 75. (c) 76. (a) 77. (b) 78. (b) 79. (a) 80. (b)
(b,d)

81. (c) 82. (d) 83. (b)

ANSWER KEYS (MSQ)

1. (b) 2. (all)

ANSWER KEYS (NAT)

1. (3.14) 2. (0.6) 3. 4. (1) 5. (1) 6. (1.5) 7. 8. (5) 9. (20) 10.

(0.25, (21.64) (60°)
45°)
MECHANICS 23

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

1. A particle of mass 0.01 kg falls freely in the earth's gravitational field with an initial
velocity (0) = 10ms−1. If the air exerts a functional force of the form, f = −k, then for k
= 0.05 Nm−1s, the velocity (in ms−1) at time t = 0.2 s is ______ (upto two decimal places).
(Use g = 10 ms−2 and e = 2.72)

2. A wire, which passes through the hole in a small bead, is bent in the form of quarter of a
circle. The wire is fixed vertically on ground as shown in the figure. The bead is released
from near the top of the wire and it slides along the wire without friction. As the bead
moves from A to B, the force it applies on the wire is

(a) always radially outwards (b) always radially inwards

(c) radially outwards initially and radially inward late

(d) radially inwards initially and radially outward later

3. A block of mass m1 = 1kg another mass m2 = 2 kg, are placed together (see figure) on an
inclined plane with angle of inclination . Various values of  are given in List-I. The
coefficient of friction between the block m, and the plane is always zero. The coefficient
of static and dynamic friction between the block m2 and the plane are equal to  = 0.3. In
List-II expressions for the friction on block m2 are given. Match the correct expression of
the friction in List-II with the angles given in List-I, and the choose the correct option.
The acceleration due to gravity is denoted by g.

[Useful information: tan(5.50)  0.1; tan (11.50)  0.2; tan(16.650)  0.3]

MECHANICS 24

List-I List-II

(P)  = 50 (1) m2gsin

(Q)  = 100 (2) (m1 + m2)gsin

(R)  = 150 (3) m2gcos

(S)  = 200 (3) (m1 + m2)gcos

(a) P−1, Q−1, R−1, S−3 (b) P−2, Q−2, R−2, S−3

(c) P−2, Q−2, R−2, S−4 (d) P−2, Q−2, R−3, S−3

4. System shown in figure is in equilibrium and at rest. The spring and string are massless,
now the string is cut. The acceleration of mass 2m and m just after the string is cut will
be

(a) g/2 upwards, g downwards (b) g upwards, g/2 downwards

(c) g upwards, 2g downwards (d) 2g upwards, g downwards

5. A solid sphere of radius R and density  is attached to end of a mass-less spring of force
constant k. The other end of the spring is connected to another solid sphere of radius R
and density 3. The complete arrangement is placed in a liquid of density 2 and is
allowed to reach equilibrium. The correct statement(s) is/are

4R 3g
(a) the net elongation of the spring is
3k
MECHANICS 25

8R 3g
(b) the net elongation of the spring is
3k

(c) the light sphere is partially submerged

(d) the light sphere is completely submerged

6. Physicists discover a new fundamental interaction mediated by a new kind of change s.

Which one of the following potentials can never describe this new interaction?

(a) s1s2 log( | r1 − r2 |), where   0 (b) s1s2 sin[K(r1 − r2 )]

exp(−K  r1 ) s1s 2
(c) s1s 2 (d)
exp(−K  r2 ) r1 + r2

7. A simple pendulum, consisting of a small ball of mass 'm', attached to a massless string
hanging vertically from the ceilling, is oscillating with an amplitude such that the
maximum tension in the string is related to the minimum tension by Tmax = 2Tmin . What

is the value of the maximum tension is the string?

(a) mg/2 (b) 3mg/2

(c) 3mg/4 (d) 3mg

8. A point particle at rest is released from the top of a sphere of radius R and slides down
frictionlessly under gravity. At what angle from the vertical does it leave the sphere?

(a) cos−1(1/3) (b) cos−1(2/3)

(
(c) sin −1 1/ 2 ) (d) cos −1 1/ 2 ( )
9. A particle of mass 2kg moves along a straight line such that the position coordinate of the
particle depends on time as x = 2t3 − 3t2 + 4t meter, force on the particle at t = 1 sec is

(a) 6N (b) 12N

(c) 8N (d) 4N
MECHANICS 26

10. Position vector of particle of mass 3kg varies with time as r = t 2 ˆi − 2t 3ˆj + k.
ˆ Force acting

on the particle at the instant when acceleration is perpendicular its velocity is

(a) 6N (b) 3N

(c) 2N (d) 0N

11. For a spring mass system or simple pendulum which of the statement is correct regarding
acceleration

(a) It is maximum at mean position (b) It is maximum extreme positions

(c) It is same everywhere (d) It is never zero

12. A block of mass 5kg is lifted with a rope which can bear maximum tension of 100N.
Maximum possible acceleration of block is

(a) 20 m/s2 (b) 10 m/s2

(c) 2 m/s2 (d) 5 m/s2

13. In the figure shown the block is pulled with a constant force F. What is speed of the block
at the instant when acceleration is zero.

F 2F
(a) (b)
mk mk

F F
(c) (d)
2mk 2 mk

14. In the previous question maximum elongation of spring is

F 2F F F
(a) (b) (c) (d)
k k 2k 4k

15. A projectile is thrown at some angle. What is tangential acceleration of projectile at the
instant its velocity vector makes 30 with its acceleration vector.

g 3g 3g
(a) (b) (c) g (d) −
2 2 2
MECHANICS 27

16. A person standing on a weighing machine as shown in the figure pulls the string attached
to a block in vertically downward direction. What is reading shown by the machine.

(a) 40 kg (b) 48 kg

(c) 80 kg (d) 100 kg

17. Consider a particle of mass m attached to two identical springs each of length l and spring
constant k (see the figure below). The equilibrium configuration is the one where the
springs are unstretched. There are no other external forces on the system. If the particle
is given a small displacement along the x-axis, which of the following describes the
equation of motion for small oscillations?

kx 3
(a) mx + 2 = 0 (b) mx + kx = 0
l

kx 2
(c) mx + 2kx = 0 (d) mx + =0
l

18. In the figure shown equation of motion of block which is displaced horizontally is

k k
(a) x + x=0 (b) x + x=0
m 2m

k 2k
(c) x − x=0 (d) x + x=0
2m m
MECHANICS 28

19. In the figure shown the block is given a small displacement 'x' along the spring 3.
Equation of motion of the block is (Assume that system is lying on a table)

(
(a) x + 1 + 2 ) mk x = 0

(b) x + ( 2 −1 ) mk x = 0
2k
(c) x + x=0
m

3k
(d) x + x=0
2m

20. An object of mass m is thrown vertically up. It is acted upon by a constant resistive force
F. If t1 and t2 be time of ascent and time of descent then value of t1/t2 is

g + F/ m g + F/ m
(a) (b)
g − F/ m g −F/ m

g −F/ m g − F/ m
(c) (d)
g + F/ m g + F/ m

21. A load of weight W is to be raised by a rope from rest to rest, through a height h. The
greatest tension which the rope can safely bear is nw. The least time in which ascent can
be made is

2h 2nh
(a) (b)
g (n − 1)g

2(n − 1)h 2h
(c) (d)
ng ng

22. Two weights w1 and w2 are suspended from the ends of a light string passing over a
smooth fixed pulley. If the pulley is pulled up at an acceleration g, the tension in the string
will be

4w1w 2 2w1w 2 w1 − w 2 w1 w 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
w1 + w 2 w1 + w 2 w1 + w 2 2(w1 + w 2 )
MECHANICS 29

23. A block of mass M is pulled along a horizontal frictionless surface by a rope of mass m.
If a force P is applied at the free end of the rope, the force exerted by the rope on the
block will be

(a) P (b) P m/(M + m)

(c) P M/(M − m) (d) P m/(M − m)

24. A rope of length L is pulled by a constant force F. What is the tension in the rope at a
distance x from the end where the force is applied

(a) F L/x (b) F(L − x)/L

(c) F L/(L − x) (d) F x/(L − x)

25. A ship of mass 3 × 107 kg initially at rest is pulled by a force of 5 × 104 N through a
distance of 3m. Assume that the resistance due to water is negligible, the speed of the
ship is

(a) 1.5 m/s (b) 60 m/s

(c) 0.1 m/s (d) 5 m/s

26. Three equal weights A, B, C of mass 2kg each are hanging on a string passing over a
fixed frictionless pulley as shown in the figure. The tension in the string connecting
weights B and C is

(a) zero (b) 13 newton

(c) 3.3 newton (d) 19.6 newton

27. A force of 6N acts on a body of mass 1kg for some time during which the body attains a
velocity of 30m/sec. The time in seconds for which the force acts on the body is

(a) 2 (b) 5

(c) 6 (d) 26

28. A body of mass 2kg is sliding with a constant velocity of 4m/sec on a frictionless
horizontal table. The force required to keep the body moving with the same velocity is

(a) 8 N (b) 0 N (c) 2 × 104 N (d) 1/2 N

MECHANICS 30

29. A body of mass 2kg moving on a horizontal surface with an initial velocity of 4m/sec
comes to rest after 2 sec. If one wants to keep this body moving on the same surface with
a velocity of 4m/sec the force required is

(a) 8 newton (b) 4 newton

(c) zero newton (d0 2 newton

30. A player caught a cricket ball of mass 150gm moving at a rate of 20 m/s. If the catching
process be completed in 0.1s, the force of the blow exerted by the ball on the hands of the
player is

(a) 0.3 N (b) 30 N

(c) 300 N (d) 3000 N

31. The masses of 10kg and 20kg respectively are connected by a massless spring as shown
in figure. A force of 200 newtrons acts on the 20 kg mass. At the instant shown, the 10kg
mass has acceleration of 12 m/sec2. What is the acceleration of 20kg mass?

(a) 12 m/sec2 (b) 4 m/sec2

(c) 10 m/sec2 (d) zero

32. A 10 kg wagon is pushed into a force of 7N for 1.5 sec., then with a force of 5N for 1.7
sec., and then with a force of 10N for 3 sec. What is the change in its velocity?

(a) 4.9 m/sec (b) 9.8 m/s

(c) 10 m/s (d) 9.4 m/s

33. The linear momentum p of a particle varies with time as follows p = a + b t2 where a and
b are constants. The net force acting on the particle is

(a) proportional to t (b) proportional to t2

(c) zero (d) constant

MECHANICS 31

34. A body of mass 10kg is being acted upon by a force 3 t2 and an opposing constant force
of 32 newton. The initial speed is 10 m/s. The velocity of the body after 5 second is

(a) 6.5 m/s (b) 4.5 m/s

(c) 3.5 m/s (d) 2.5 m/s

35. A spring balance fastened to the ceiling of a moving lift indicates 40 kg wt as the weight
of 60 kg man. The acceleration of the lift is

(a) 9.8 m/s2 ( b) 4.9 m/s2 (c) zero (d) 3.27 m/s2

36. Two weights W1 and W2 are attached to the ends of a string which passes over a
frictionless pulley. If the pulley is placed in a rocket accelerating upwards at 9.8 m/s2, the
tension in the string would be (take g = 9.8 m/s2)

 W1W2   W1W2 
(a) 4   (b) 2  
 W1 + W2   W1 + W2 

 W1W2   W + W2 
(c)   (d)  1 
 W1 + W2   W1W2 

37. Two blocks of masses M1 and M2 are connected to each other through a light spring as
shown in figure. If we push the mass M1 with a force F and cause acceleration a1 in mass
M1 what will be the acceleration in M2?

F − M1a1
(a) F/M2 (b) F/(M1 + M2) (c) a1 (d)
M2

38. A particle is moving in a circle of radius r0 with constant speed 0. Suddenly radial force
acting on the particle becomes zero. Radial speed of the particle as a function of radial
distance (r) varies as

0 r  0 r0 r02 r2
(a) (b) (c)  0 1 − (d)  0 1 −
r0 r r2 r02
MECHANICS 32

39. A particle of mass 2kg is moving with velocity  = 3iˆ + 4ˆj m / s. A constant force

F = −4ˆjN is applied on it. After what time velocity will be ⊥ to acceleration.

(a) 2.75 sec (b) 1.5 sec

(c) 2.25 sec (d) 3 sec

40. A particle of mass m attached to a light spring of spring constant K oscillates n vertical
plane as shown in the figure. Equations of particle are (natural length of spring is l)

(a) 2r + r = g cos  (b) 2r + r = g sin 

r − r2 = g cos  − k(r − l) r − r2 = g cos  + k(r − l)

(c) 2r + r = −gsin  (d) 2r + r = −gsin 

r − r2 = g cos  − k(r − l) r − r2 = −g cos  + k(r − l)

41. A block of mass m slides on a wedge of same mass and inclination . All the surfaces are
smooth. Acceleration of wedge is

g sin   cos  g  sin  cos 

(a) (b)
1 + sin 2  1 + cos 2 

g sin  g cos 
(c) (d)
1 + sin 2  1 + cos 2 
MECHANICS 33

42. In previous question what horizontal force must be applied on the wedge to prevent it
from sliding

(a) mg cos  (b) mg sin 

(c) mg sin2 (d) mg sin cos 

43. A thin uniform chain of length l and mass m is pulled by a constant force F in vertically
upward direction. Average value of tension in the chain is

(a) F (b) F + mg

F
(c) F − mg (d)
2

44. A thin uniform chain of mass m and length l is pulled by some force on a smooth
horizontal plane due to which tension in the mid-point of the chain is T0. If the chain is
pulled in vertically upward direction with same force tension at its mid-point will be

mg
(a) T0 + mg (b) T0 −
2

mg
(c) T0 + (d) T0
2

45. A body of mass m has velocity 0 at t = 0. It is moving in a viscous medium which applies
a retarding force k. If no other force acts on it, its speed after time t will be

(a)  0 e −2kt / m (b)  0 e − kt / 2m

(c)  0 (1 − e − kt / m ) (d)  0 e − kt / m

46. In the figure shown if the system is released from rest, acceleration of block B will be

(a) g/2 (b) g/3

(c) 2g/3 (d) g/7

MECHANICS 34

47. A particle of mass m attached to a light string is moving in circle of radius r0 with angular
velocity 0 as shown in figure. From the instant t = 0 the string is pulled slowly with
constant speed . Angular speed of particle after time t will be

r0 0  t 
(a) (b) 0 1 − 
r0 − t  r0 

2
r020  t 
(c) (d) 1 − 
(r0 − t) 2  r0 

48. In previous question what force is needed to pull the string.

 t  mr04 02
(a) m0 r002 1 −  (b)
 0  (r0 − t)3

2
mr0302  t 
(c) (d) mr0  1 − 
2

(r0 − t) 2
0
 r0 

49. in the figure shown if block A moves along vertical line and block B swings in the same
vertical plane. Which of the following is correct for the system?

(a) r = r2 − g(1 − cos )

(b) 2r = r2 − g(1 − cos )

(c) r = r2 + g(1 − cos )

(d) 2r = r2 + g(1 − cos )

50. In the figure shown an isosceles triangular plate of equal sides L is placed on two discs
of radii R. Value of force F needed to keep the system in equilibrium is (mass per unit
area of each object is )
MECHANICS 35

1 2
(a) l g cos 2  (b) l2g cos2 
2

1 2
(c) l2g sin  cos  (d) l g sin 2 
2

51. A chain of length l < R/2 and mass m is suspended from highest point of a smooth sphere
of radius R as shown in figure. If it is released its initial acceleration will be

Rg Rg   1 
(a) (b) 1 − cos   
l l   R 

Rg   1  Rg 1
(c) 1 − sin    (d) cos  
l   R  l R

52. An L-shaped wire ABC has a light spring of spring constant K fixed at B and to the other
end of spring a bead is attached which can slide on the wire. If the wire is rotated about
an axis perpendicular to its plane and passing through end A as shown in the figure then
elongation in spring will be (natural length of spring is l)

m2 l  m2 
(a) (b) l 1 − 
K  K 

m2 l m2l
(c) (d)
K − m2 K + m2

53. A conical pendulum is revolving about vertical axis. If length of pendulum be l and string
makes an angle 0 <  < /2 with downward vertical then angular speed of bob must be

(a) g/l (b)  g / l

(c)  g / l (d) g / 5l
MECHANICS 36

54. A rope of uniform mass density is whirled at a constant angular speed. Dependence of
tension on distance from fixed end is

(a) linear (b) parabolic

(c) elliptical (d) hyperbolic

55. A hollow cylinder or radius R rotates with constant angular speed  about its axis. An
insect is sitting at on its inner surface. Coefficient of static friction between the insect and
cylinder must be

g 2 R
(a)  (b) 
2 R g

g g
(c)  (d) 
2 R 2 R

56. A body of mass m has velocity 0 at t = 0. It is moving in a viscous medium which applies
a retarding force k. If no other acts on it, speed after time t will be

(a) v 0 e −2kt / m (b) v 0 e − kt / 2m

(c) v 0 (1 − e − kt / m ) (d) v 0 e − kt / m

57. If the normal force is doubled, the coefficient of friction is

(a) not changed (b) halved

(c) doubled (d) tripled

58. A given object taken n times as much time to slide down at 45 rough incline as it takes
to slide down a perfectly smooth 45 incline. The coefficient of kinetic friction between
the object and the incline is given by

 1  1
(a) 1 − 2  (b)
 n  1− n2

 1   1 
(c) 1 − 2  (d)  2 
 n   1− n 
MECHANICS 37

59. A lift is moving downwards with an acceleration equal to the acceleration due to gravity.
A body of mass M kept on the lift is pulled horizontally. If the coefficient of friction is 
then the frictional resistance offered by the body is

(a)  M g (b) M g

(c) zero (d0 2 M g

60. If in the above question the lift is moving upwards with a uniform velocity then the
frictional resistance offered by the body is

(a) zero (b) M g

(c)  M g (d) 2  M g

61. Two blocks A and B of masses 5kg and 3kg respectively rest on a smooth horizontal
surface with B over A. The coefficient of friction between A and B is 0.5. The maximum
horizontal force in kg wt. that can be applied to A so that there will be motion A and B
without separation is

(a) 1.5 (b) 2.5

(c) 4 (d) 5

62. A block of mass 2kg rests on a rough inclined plane making an angle of 30 with the
horizontal. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the plane is 0.7. The
frictional force on the block is

(a) 9.8 N (b) 0.7  9.8  3N

(c) 9.8  3N (d) 0.7  9.8N

63. A body is sliding down a rough inclined plane which makes an angle of 30 with the
horizontal. If the co-efficient of friction is 0.26, the acceleration in m/sec2 is

(a) 1.95 (b) 2.78

(c) 3.47 (d) 4.6

MECHANICS 38

64. A stationary body is slowly lowered on to a massive platform moving horizontally at a

speed of 4m/sec. Through what distance will the body slide relative to the platform if
coefficient of friction is 0.2 (take g = 10m/sec2)?

(a) 16 m (b) 8 m

(c) 4 m (d) 2 m

65. A car turns a corner on a slippery road at a constant speed of 10m/sec. If the coefficient
of friction is 0.5, the minimum radius of the arc in metre in which the turns is

(a) 20 (b) 10

(c) 5 (d) 4

66. A child weighing 25kg slides down a rope hanging from a branch of a tall tree. If the
force of friction acting against him is 2N, what is the child's acceleration. (take g = 10
m/sec2)

(a) 22.5 m/sec2 (b) 8 m/sec2

(c) 5 m/sec2 (d) 2 m/sec2

67. A 60 kg body is pushed with just enough force to start it moving across a floor and the
same force continues to act afterwards. The co-efficients of static and sliding friction are
0.5 and 0.4 respectively. The acceleration of the body is

(a) 6 m/sec2 (b) 4.9 m/sec2

(c) 3.92 m/sec2 (d) 1 m/sec2

68. A stone weighing 1kg and sliding on ice with a velocity of 2 m/sec is stopped by friction
in 10 seconds. The force of friction (assuming it to be constant) will be

(a) −20 N (b) −0.2 N

(c) 0.2 N (d) 20 N

MECHANICS 39

69. A 40 kg slab rests on frictionless floor as shown in figure. A 10kg block rests on the top
of the slab. The static and slab is 0.60 while the kinetic friction is 0.40. The 10 kg block
is acted upon by a horizontal force 100N. If g = 9.8 m/sec2, the resulting acceleration of
the slab will be

(a) 0.98 m/sec2 (b) 1.47 m/sec2

(c) 1.52 m/sec2 (d) 6.1 m/sec2

70. A block of mass 0.1kg is held against a wall by applying a horizontal force of 5N on the
block. If the coefficient of friction between the block and the wall is 0.5, the magnitude
of the frictional force acting on the block is

(a) 2.5 N (b) 0.98 N

(c) 4.9 N (d) 0.49 N

71. A block on the horizontal table is acted upon by a force F. The graph of frictional force
against F is

72. A block rests on a rough plane whose inclination  to the horizontal can be varied. Which
of the following graphs indicates how the frictional force F between the block and plane
varies as  is increased?
MECHANICS 40

73. A heavy block of mass M is slowly placed on a conveyer belt moving with a speed . The
co-efficient of friction between the block and the belt is . Through what distance will
the block slide on the belt?

(a) /g (b) 2/g

(c) /2g (d) 2/2g

74. A block slides down an inclined plane of slope of angle  with a constant velocity u. It is
then projected up the plane with an initial velocity u. The distance upto which it will rise
before coming to rest is

u2 u
(a) (b)
4g sin  4g sin 

u 2 sin  u sin 
(c) (d)
4g 4g

75. A uniform rope of length l lies on a table. If the coefficient of friction is , then the
maximum length l1 of the part of this rope which can overhang from the edge of the table
without sliding down is

l l
(a) (b)
 +1  −1

l +l
(c) (d)  
 +1  1 
MECHANICS 41

76. (
A particle inside a hollow sphere of radius r, having coefficient of friction 1/ 3 can )
rest upto a height of

(a) 0.134r (b) r/0.134

(c) r/4 (d) r/8

77. A block of mass M1 = 10 kg is placed on a slab of mass M2 = 30 kg. The slab lies on a
frictionless horizontal surface as shown in figure. The coefficient of static friction
between the block and slab is 1 = 0.5 and that of dynamic friction is 2 = 0.15. A force
F = 40 N acts on block M1. What will be the acceleration with which the slab will move?
(Take g = 10 m/s2)

(a) 5 m/s2 (b) 2 m/s2

(c) 1 m/s2 (d) zero

78. A block of mass m initially at rest is pulled by a constant force F due to which it moves
on a smooth surface along the inner wall of a fixed circular ring of radius r. Coefficient
of friction b/w the particle and the ring is . Speed of the particle after time t will be

Fr F Fr F
(a) cos h t (b) sin h t
m mr m mr

Fr F Fr F
(c) tan h t (d) cot h t
m mr m mr
MECHANICS 42

79. A block of mass M is held against a vertical wall by applying a force F. Coefficient of
static friction between the wall and the block is . The smallest value of F that can do is

Mg
(a) Mg (b)
1+  2

Mg
(c) Mg 1+  2 (d)
1 + 2

80. A body is moving with a constant speed  in a circle of radius r. Its angular acceleration
is

(a)  r (b) /r

(c) zero (d)  r2

81. A block of mass m at the end of a string is whirled round in a vertical circle of radius R.
The critical speed of the block at the top of its swing below which the string would slacken
before the block reaches the top is

(a) R g (b) (R g)2

(c) R/g (d) (R g)

82. What happens to the centripetal acceleration of a revolving body if you double the orbital
speed  and halve the angular velocity ?

(a) the centripetal acceleration remains unchanged

(b) the centripetal acceleration is halved

(c) the centripetal acceleration is doubled

(d) the centripetal velocity has to be imparted the

83. A sphere is suspended by a thread of length l. What minimum horizontal velocity has to
be imparted the ball for it to reach the height of the suspensions?

(a) gl (b) 2gl

(c) (gl) (d) (2gl)

MECHANICS 43

84. A particle rests on the top of a hemisphere of radius R. Find the smallest horizontal
velocity that must be imparted to the particle if it is to leave the hemisphere without
sliding down it.

(a) (g R) (b) (2g R)

(c) (3g R) (d) (5g R)

85. For a body moving in a circular path, a condition for no skidding if  is the coefficient of
friction is

m 2 m 2
(a)  m g (b)  m g
r r

(c)  / r = g (d) m2 / r = mg

86. A car is travelling with linear velocity  on a circular road of radius r. If it is increasing
its speed at the rate of 'a' metre/sec2, then the resultant acceleration will be

 2 2  4 2
(a)  2 −a  (b)  2 +a 
r  r 

 4 2  4 2
(c)  2 −a  (d)  2 +a 
r  r 

87. A stone of mass m is tied to a string of length l and rotated in a circle with a constant
speed , if the string is released, the stone flies

(a) radially outward (b) radially inward

(c) tangentially outward (d) with an acceleration m2/l

88. On a railway curve the outside rail is laid higher than the inside one so that resultant force
exerted on the wheels of the rail car by the tops of the rails will

(a) have a horizontal inward component (b) be vertical

(c) equilibrate the centripetal force (d) be decreased

MECHANICS 44

89. At a curved path of the road, the road bed is raised a little on the side away from the centre
of the curved path. The slope of the road bed is given by

(a) tan  = r / g  2 (b) tan  = rg / 2

(c) tan  = 2 g / r (d) tan  =  2 / rg

90. On an unbanked road, a cyclist negotiating a bend of radius r at velocity  must lean
inwards by an angle  equal to

(a) tan −1 ( 2 / g) (b) tan −1 (g / )

(c) tan −1 (2 / gr) (d) tan −1 (rg / 2 )

91. If then over-bridge is concave instead of being convex, the thrust on the road at the highest
position will be

m 2 m 2
(a) mg + (b) mg −
r r

m2 2g  2g
(c) (d)
r r

92. Two particles of equal masses are revolving in circular paths of radii r1 and r2 respectively
with the same period. The ratio of their centripetal forces is

(a) r2/r1 (b) (r2 / r1 )

(c) (r1/r2)2 (d) (r2/r1)2

93. Two bodies of mass 10 kg and 5 kg moving in concentric orbits of radii R and r such that
their periods are the same. Then the ratio between their centripetal accelerations is

(a) R/r (b) r/R

(c) R3/r3 (d) r2/R3

94. The ratio of angular speeds of minutes hand and hour hand of a watch is

(a) 1 : 12 (b) 6: 1 (c) 12 : 1 (d) 1 : 6

MECHANICS 45

95. An earth satellite of mass m revolves in a circular orbit at a height h from the surface of
the earth. R is the radius of the earth and g is acceleration due to gravity at the surface of
the earth. The velocity of the satellite in the orbit is given by

(a) g R2/(r + h) (b) g R

(c) g R(R − h) (d) [g R 2 /(R + b)]

96. Two satellites of masses m1 and m2 (m1 > m2) are revolving round the earth in circular
orbits or radii r1 and r2 (r1 > r2) respectively. Which of the following statements is true
regarding their speeds 1 and 2?

(a) 1 = 2 (b) 1 > 2

(c) 1 < 2 (d) 1/r1 = 2/r2

97. A bucket tied at the end of a 1.6m long string is whirled in a vertical circle with constant
speed. What should be the minimum speed so that the water from the bucket does not
spill when the bucket is at the highest position? (take g = 10 m/sec2)

(a) 4 m/sec (b) 6.25 m/sec

(c) 16 m/sec (d) none of the above

98. A mass is supported on a frictionless horizontal surface. It is attached to a string and

rotates about a fixed centre at an angular velocity 0. If the length of the string and angular
velocity are doubled, the tension in the string which was initially T0 is now

(a) T0 (b) T0/2

(c) 4T0 (d) 8T0

99. A particle is moving in a circle with uniform speed. It has constant

(a) velocity (b) acceleration

(c) kinetic energy (d) displacement

100. A 2 kg stone at the end of a string 1 m long is whirled in a vertical circle at a constant
speed. The speed of the stone is 4 m/sec. The tension in the string will be 52 N when the
stone is
MECHANICS 46

(a) at the top of circle (b) at the bottom of the circle

(c) half way down (d0 none of the above

101. A particle of mass m is rotating by means of a string in a vertical circle. The difference
in the tensions at the bottom and the top would be

(a) 6 mg (b) 4 mg

(c) 2 mg (d) zero

102. A particle of mass M and charge Q is attached to a string of length L. It is whirled into a
vertical circle in field E as shown in figure. What is the speed given to the particle at point
B so that tension is the string, when the particle is at A, is ten times the weight of the
particle

1/ 2
 QE 
(a) 5g L (b)  L
 M 

1/ 2 1/ 2
  QE     QE  
(c) 5   L (d) 5  g + L
  M     M  

103. A road is 8 m wide. Its radius of curvature is 40m. The outer edge is above the lower edge
by a distance of 1.2 m. This road is most suited for a velocity of

(a) 5.7 m/s (b) 7.7 m/s

(c) 36.1 m/s (d) 9.7 m/s

104. A mass m is hanging by a road of length l. The velocity  which must be imparted to it
in order for it to just barely reach the top is

(a) 2 gl (b) 3 gl (c) 4 gl (d) 5 gl

MECHANICS 47

105. A bob of mass m is attached to one end of a string of length l. This is kept in the horizontal
position and released from rest. At what angle from vertical will the tension in the string
be equal to the weight in magnitude?

1
(a) cos −1   (b) cos −1 (1/ 3)
2

(c) cos −1 (1/ 2) (d) cos −1 (1/ 3)

106. A particle hanging by a light string of length l is projected horizontally from its lowest
point with velocity (7gl / 2). The string slackens after swinging through

(a) 45 (b) 

(c) 120 (d) 145

107. A particle of mass m describes a circle of radius r. The centripetal acceleration of the
particle is 4/r2. What will be the momentum of the particle?

(a) 2m/r (b) 2m / r

(c) 4m / r (d) 4m/r

108. A particle is moving in a circle of radius R in such a way that at any instant the normal
and tangential components of its acceleration are equal. If its speed at t = 0 is 0. The time
taken to complete the first revolution is

(a) R/0 (b) 0/R

R R −2 
(c) (1 − e−2  ) (d) e
0 0

109. A particle of mass m suspended by a string of length l revolves in a circle of radius r = l

sin  where  is the angle the string makes with vertical. Which of the following
statement/s is/are correct?

 lg sin 2  
(a) tension is string = mg/cos  (b) speed  of particle =  
 cos  
MECHANICS 48

(c) period T = 2 l cos  / g

(d) centripetal acceleration a = F sin , where F = tension

110. A boat of mass m was travelling with speed 0 when rowing is stopped. Assume retarding
force due to water depends on instantaneous speed  as aeb. After what time the boat will
stop if mass of boat is m

m − b0 m
(a) (e ) (b) (1 − e − b0 )
ab ab

m m
(c) (1 + e − b0 ) (d) (1 − e − b0 )
ab 2ab

111. A particle of mass m is tied to one end of a string of length l = 0.2 m. The particle is held
horizontal with the string taut. It is then projected upward with a velocity u. The tension
mg
in the string is when it is inclined at an angle 30 to the horizontal. The value of u is
2
___________ (m/s).

112. A particle of mass 10−2 kg is moving along the positive x-axis under the influence of a
k
force F(x) = − 2
where K = 10−2 Nm2. At time t = 0 it is at x = 1.0 m and its velocity
2x
 = 0. Velocity of the particle when it reaches x = 0.5 m is ___________ (m/s).

113. A block of mass m is placed on a surface with a vertical cross-section given by y = x3/6.
If the coefficient of friction is 0.5, the maximum height above the ground at which the
block can be placed without slipping is __________ (m).

114. A block of mass 2 kg is lying on a rough horizontal surface having  = 0.5, two opposite
forces F1 = 5N and F2 = 5t are applied on block at t = 0 parallel to surface. The block will
begin to slide after

(a) 2 sec (b) 3 sec

(c) 1 sec (d) 4 sec

115. Three particles each of mass m are moving in a circle of radius R under the effect of their
mutual gravitational force. Speed of each particle is
MECHANICS 49

GM GM
(a) (b)
R 3R

GM 3GM
(c) (d)
2R 2R

116. A particle is thrown upward. If the particle is acted upon by a constant drag force in
addition to gravity, then variation of speed with time till the particle returns to its initial
position is

117. A particle starts moving along a circle of radius r with tangential acceleration t. In how
much time it will complete first revolution

1/ 2 1/ 3
 6r   6r 
(a)   (b)  
     

1/ 2 1/ 3
 12r   12r 
(c)   (d)  
     

118. A ball of mass m is suspended from a string of length l. Another ball of same mass flying
with speed v0 horizontally hits the suspended ball and sticks to it. If maximum tension in
string during subsequent motion is 5mg value of v0 is

(a) 3g (b) 6 g

(c) 3 g (d) 5 g

119. A thin rod of mass m and length l is made to spin about perpendicular axis through its
centre with angular speed . Force exerted by one half of the rod on the other half is

m2 m2 m2 m2

(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 4 8 16
MECHANICS 50

120. A particle of mass 1 kg is at rest at (0, 0). It is acted upon by a force F = 2xiˆ + 3y 2 ˆj. Speed
of the particle at (1, 1) will be _______ m/s.

121. A force F = 2t is applied on a block which is initially at rest on a rough horizontal

surface. If m = 2kg,  = 0.5 and direction of force makes 45 with horizontal then speed
of the block the moment normal reaction becomes zero is ________ m/s.

122. A particle is subjected to a constant force. As the particle begins to move a drag force
proportional to instantaneous speed acts on it. Acceleration of particle varies with time
as

123. A article is moving under a force F = 2iˆ − 3j.

ˆ Which of the following is correct

(a) x + y = constant (b) 2x − 3y = constant

(c) 2x + 3y = constant (d) 3x + 2y = constant

124. A particle of mass m is attached to one end of a spring of natural length l, the other end
of which is fixed on a smooth table. If the particle is given a speed V0 parallel to the table
V0 𝑚𝑉 2
its radial acceleration when speed becomes will be (see the figure and use √ 3𝑘0 = ℓ)
2

k 3k
(a) (b)
m 2m

k 2k
(c) (d)
2m m
MECHANICS 51

125. A particle of mass m is moving with speed 0. At t = 0 a drag force b begins to act on it
where b is constant and  is instantaneous speed. After what time speed of particle will
decrease by 37% (approximately)?

m 2m
(a) (b)
b b

2b b
(c) (d)
m m

126. A block of mass m is attached to a spring of spring constant k. One end of spring is
attached to the roof. Initially the block is at rest. When released maximum speed attained
by the block is

m m
(a) g (g) 2g
k k

m 2m
(c) g (d) g
2k k

127. A point particle of mass m carrying an electric change q is attached to a spring of force
constant k. A constant electric field E along the spring is applied due to which the block
moves speed of the particle as a function of its displacement (x) is

2qEx − kx 2 2qEx + kx 2
(a) (b)
m m

qEx − kx 2 2qEx − kx 2
(c) (d)
2m 2m

128. A block of mass 4 kg is placed on another block of mass 6 kg which is lying on smooth
horizontal surface. When a maximum of 30 N horizontal force is applied on upper block
the two blocks move together coefficient of friction between the block is _____.
MECHANICS 52

129. A simple pendulum oscillates in vertical plane with amplitude 0. Tension (T) in the string
varies with angular displacement () as

130. A thin rod of mass m and length l is rotated with uniform angular velocity about  about
a perpendicular axis through its centre. Rate of change of momentum of the rod is

m2 l
(a) (b) m2l
2

m2 l 1
(c) (d) m2 l
4 6

131. A block of mass 7 kg is placed on rough horizontal surface having coefficient of static
3
friction . The minimum force which can make the block move is
2

(a) 35 3N (b) 20 3 (c) 25 3 (d) 10 3

132. In the figure shown if coefficient of static friction between the blocks is  > tan . What
is minimum value of F which can cause block to slip on the wedge.

( cos  − sin ) ( cos  + sin )

(a) (M + m)g (b) (M + m)g
(sin  +  cos ) (sin  −  cos )

( cos  + sin ) ( cos  + sin )

(c) Mg (d) mg
(sin  −  cos ) (sin  −  cos )
MECHANICS 53

133. A block of mass 4 kg is placed on a block of mass 6 kg when a maximum horizontal force
30 N is applied on lower block, the two blocks moves together. The coefficient of friction
between the surface of blocks is

(a) 0.3 (b) 0.45

(c) 0.4 (d) 0.2

134. A block of mass M rests on a smooth horizontal surface. Another block of mass m is keep
on the block as shown. The coefficient of friction between the body and the block is .
When a force F >  (M + m)g is applied on lower block as shown in figure. The two
blocks begin to slip on each other. After what time the upper block will separate from
lower block.

2Lm 2Lm
(a) (b)
F − g(m + M) F − gm

2LM 2LM
(c) (d)
F − g(m + M) F − gm

135. A simple pendulum oscillates in vertical plane. At some moment of time string makes
30 with downward vertical and the acceleration of pendulum makes angle  with string
then

(a)  = 0 (b)  = 90

(c)  = 30 (d) 0 <  < 90

136. A particle of mass 2kg is moving in a circle of radius 1 meter. If speed of particle varies
with time as V = 2t, net force on the particle at t = 1/2 sec is

(a) 2N (b) 4N

(c) 2 5N (d) 2 3N

137. Two particles of mass m each are tied at the ends of a light string of length 2a. The whole
system is kept on a frictionless surface with the string held tight so that each mass is at a
distance a from the centre P (as shown in the figure).
MECHANICS 54

Now, the mid-point of the string is pulled vertically upwards with a small but constant
force F. As a result, the particles move towards each other on the surface. The magnitude
of acceleration, when the separation between them becomes 2x, is

F a F x
(a) (b)
2m a 2 − x 2 2m a 2 − x 2

F x F a2 − x2
(c) (d)
2m a 2m x

138. A block of mass 'm' slides on a frictionless table. It is constrained to move inside a ring
of radius r0 which is fixed to the table. At t = 0 the block is moving along the inside of
the ring (i.e. in the tangential direction) with velocity v0. The coefficient of friction
between the block and the ring is . What is velocity of block at a later time 't'.

0
t 0 
t 
(a)  0 e r0
(b) 1 + 0
r0

0 0
(c) (d)
 t 0  
2
 t  
1 +  log 1 + 0 
 r0   r0 

139. A 2 kg block is lying on a rough surface. If coefficient of static

friction between the block and ground is 0.2. What maximum force
can be applied on the block without moving it
MECHANICS 55

(a) 5N (b) 7N (c) 9N (d) 11N

140. In the figure shown coefficient of static friction between the blocks is 0.5 while ground
is smooth. Which of the following statement is true?

(a) Friction force on 10 kg block is 50N

10
(b) Friction force on 10 kg block is N
3

(c) The blocks do not move on the floor

(d) 10 kg block slides on 20 kg block

141. In previous question what maximum force can be applied on the lower block so that their
is no relative motion between the blocks

(a) 50N (b) 100N

(c) 150N (d) 200N

142. What would be answer of previous question if force is applied to the upper block

(a) 50N (b) 75N

(c) 125N (d) 250N

143. A block of thrown up an inclined plane due to which it slides upto a certain height and
then returns to its initial position. If t1 and t2 be time for ascent and descent and  and 
be coefficient of friction and inclination of plane. Then value of t1/t2 is

sin  +  cos  sin  +  cos 

(a) (b)
sin  −  cos  sin  −  cos 

sin  −  cos  sin  −  cos 

(c) (d)
sin  +  cos  sin  +  cos 

144. Number of generalized coordinates required to decribe the motion of a solid cylinder
rolling without slipping on an inclined plane is

(a) 5 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

MECHANICS 56

145. A mass m is constrained to move on a horizontal frictionless surface. It is set in circular

motion with radius r0 and angular speed 0 by an applied force 𝐹⃗ communicated through
an inextensible thread that passes through a hole on the surface as shown in the figure.
This force is then suddenly doubled. The magnitude of the radial velocity of the mass

(a) Increases till the mass falls into the hole

(b) Decreases till the mass into the hole

(c) Remains constant

(d) Becomes zero at a radius r1 where 0 < r1 < r0.

146. The trajectory of a particle of mass m is described in the cylindrical polar coordinates by
𝑧̇ = 0, 𝜑 = 𝜔 and r(t) = r0 sin h (t), where  and r0 are constant. The radial force is

(a) 𝑚𝑟02 𝜔2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ℎ( 𝜔𝑡) (b) 𝑚𝑟0 𝜔2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ℎ( 𝜔𝑡)

(c) 𝑚𝑟0 𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ℎ( 𝜔𝑡) (d) 0

147. A ball of mass m is dropped form a height H on a table with a restitution coefficient  
1. How much distance does the ball travel before it comes top a halt? (Hint: At each
bounce the speed after the bounce is  times the initial speed).

1+𝜂2 1−𝜂2
(a) (1−𝜂2) 𝐻 (b) (1+𝜂2) 𝐻

1+𝜂 1−𝜂
(c) (1−𝜂) 𝐻 (d) (1+𝜂) 𝐻

148. A man climbs down a hemispherical hill, of radius 100 m from he topmost point. If the
coefficient of friction between his shoes and the hill is  = 0.1 then approximately how
much distance does he have to walk before the slips?
MECHANICS 57

(a) 5 m (b) 10 m

(c) 20 m (d) will never slip

149. A pendulum consists of a massive bob suspended from a hook by an elastic band. The
spring constant k of the band and the mass m of the bob are such that k/m = 2 = 10
rad2/s2, and the un-stretched length of the band is L = 1m. The pendulum is released from
an angle from the vertical of 60 degrees. Initially the speed of the bob is zero and the band
is in a relaxed (un-stretched) state. Total length of the band at the lowest point in the bob's
trajectory is

(a) 1.6 m (b) 2.6 m

(c) 3.5 m (d) 0.6 m

150. In the figure shown the two blocks are released from the position
shown. After what time the two will cross each other. [Assume
pulley and string to be light and smooth]

3ℎ 6ℎ
(a) √ 𝑔 (b) √ 𝑔

3ℎ 2ℎ
(c) √2𝑔 (d) √3𝑔

151. In previous question what is speed of each block at the instant they cross each other.

𝑔ℎ
(a) √2𝑔ℎ (b) √ 3

2𝑔ℎ
(c) √ 3
(d) √3𝑔ℎ
MECHANICS 58

152. In the figure shown what is tension in the string between block A and B

𝑚𝑔
(a) 3
(b) 2mg

2𝑚𝑔
(c) 5mg (d) 3

153. In the figure shown if the block is displaced from equilibrium position by a distance 'x'
its equation of motion will be

𝑘 𝑘
(a) 𝑥̈ − 𝑚 𝑥 − 𝑔 = 0 (b) 𝑥̈ + 𝑚 𝑥 + 𝑔 = 0

𝑘 𝑘
(c) 𝑥̈ + 𝑚 𝑥 = 0 (d) 𝑥̈ + 𝑚 𝑥 − 𝑔 = 0

154. In previous question if y be the elongation in spring at any instant of time then in terms
of y equation of motion can be written as

𝑘 𝑘
(a) 𝑦̈ − 𝑚 𝑦 − 𝑔 = 0 (b) 𝑦̈ + 𝑚 𝑦 + 𝑔 = 0

𝑘 𝑘
(c) 𝑦̈ − 𝑚 𝑦 − 𝑔 = 0 (d) 𝑦̈ + 𝑚 𝑦 = 0

155. Spherical particles of a given material of density  are released from rest inside a liquid
medium of lower density. The viscous drag force may be approximated by the Stoke's
law, i.e., Fd = km1/3, where  its instantaneous velocity. If (m) is the time taken by an
particle of mass m to reach half its terminal velocity, then the ratio (8m)/(m) is

(a) 8 (b) 1/8 (c) 4 (d) 1/4

156. A particle is observed after it has been moving for a long time under the influence of a
constant force in a medium that applies a drag force proportional to the square of its
velocity. Distance versus time graph made by the observer will look like.
MECHANICS 59

157. A particle of unit mass is thrown vertically upward with initial speed 0. The particle is
acted upon by a drag force b2 in addition to gravity. Here 'b' is a constant and '' is
instantaneous speed. Speed of the particle when it returns to the point from where it had
been thrown is

𝑏𝜈02
(a) 0 (b) 𝜈0 √1 + 𝑔

𝜈0 𝑏𝜈02
(c) (d) 𝜈0 √1 − 𝑔
𝑏𝜈2
0
√1+
𝑔

158. A constant force F is applied on a particle of mass 'm' which is initially at rest. As the
particle starts moving a resistive force −b begins to act on it. Speed of the particle at any
instant of time 't' is

𝑏
𝐹𝑡 𝐹
(a) 𝑚
(b) 𝑏 (1 − 𝑒 −𝑚𝑡 )

𝑏 𝑏𝑡
𝐹 𝐹𝑡
(c) 𝑚 𝑡 (1 − 𝑒 −𝑚𝑡 ) (d) 𝑚
𝑡 (1 + 𝑒 −𝑚 )

159. A particle of mass m is thrown with initial speed 0. A resistance force −K acts on the
particle. Distance moved by the particle in time t is

𝑚𝜈0
(a) 𝐾
(b) 0t

𝐾 2𝐾
𝑚𝜈0 − 𝑡 𝑚𝜈0
(c) 𝐾
(1 − 𝑒 𝑚 ) (d) 2𝐾
(1 − 𝑒− 𝑚 𝑡)

160. Two wooden blocks are moving on a smooth horizontal surface such that the mass m
remains stationary with respect to block of mass M as shown in figure. The magnitude of
force P is

(a) (M + m)g tan (b) g tan

(c) mg cos (d) (M + m) cosec

MECHANICS 60

161. In the figure shown a particle of mass m attached to light string

moves on the smooth table with constant angular momentum 'l'.
The string passes through a hole on the table and a block of
mass M hangs from it. If r be distance of m from hole at any
instant of time t, then acceleration of M is

𝑙2
𝑀𝑔 𝑀𝑔+
𝑚𝑟3
(a) 𝑀+𝑚
(b) 𝑀+𝑚

𝑙2 𝑙2
𝑀𝑔− 𝑀𝑔−
𝑚𝑟3 𝑚𝑟3
(c) 𝑀
(d) 𝑀+𝑚

162. Having gone through a plank of thickness h, a bullet changed its velocity from 0 to . If
resistance force is proportional to square of the velocity time taken to cross the plank is

ℎ(𝜈0 −𝜈) ℎ(𝜈+𝜈0 )

(a) 𝜈⋅𝜈0
(b) 𝜈⋅𝜈0

ℎ(𝜈0 −𝜈) ℎ(𝜈0 −𝜈) 𝜈

(c) 𝜈 (d) 𝑙𝑛 ( 𝜈0 )
𝜈⋅𝜈0 𝑙𝑛( 0) 𝜈⋅𝜈0
𝜈

163. A body of mass m has velocity 0 at t = 0. It is moving in a viscous medium which applies
a retarding force k. If no other force acts on it, its speed after time t will be

(a) 0e−2kt/m (b) 0e−kt/2m

(c) 0(1 − e−kt/m) (d) 0e−kt/m

164. Two masses A and B of 10kg and 5kg respectively are connected with a string passing
over a frictionless pulley fixed at the corner of a table as shown in figure. The coefficient
of friction of A with the table is 0.2. The minimum mass of C that may be placed on A to
prevent it from moving is equal to

(a) 15 kg (b) 10 kg

(c) 5 kg (d) 0 kg

165. Two blocks are connected over a massless pulley as shown in

figure. The mass of block A is 10kg and the coefficient of
kinetic is 0.2. Block A slides down the incline at constant
speed. The mass of block B in kg is
MECHANICS 61

(a) 3.5 (b) 3.3

(c) 3.0 (d) 2.5

166. A block moves down a smooth inclined plane of inclination . Its velocity on reaching
the bottom is . If it slides down a rough inclined plane of same inclination, its velocity
on reaching the bottom is /n, where n is a number greater than zero. The coefficient of
friction  is given by

1 1
(a) 𝜇 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 (1 − 𝑛2) (b) 𝜇 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 (1 − 𝑛2)

1 1/2 1 1/2
(c) 𝜇 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 (1 − 𝑛2) (d) 𝜇 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 (1 − 𝑛2)

167. A block of mass 1kg is at rest on a horizontal surface in a truck. The coefficient of static
friction between the block and surface is 0.6. If the acceleration of the truck is 5 m/s 2,
then the frictional force acting on this block is

(a) 2N (b) 3N

(c) 5N (d) 6N

168. A thin rod leans against a frictionless wall if coefficient of static friction between the rod
and ground is  minimum angle the rod can make with ground and not slip is

1 1
(a) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝜇 (b) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝜇

1 1
(c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 2𝜇 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 2𝜇

169. A thin circular ring rotates about its vertical diameter with constant angular velocity .
A bead embedded in the ring remains at rest with respect to the ring in the position shown
in the figure. Value of  must be

𝑔 𝑔
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝜔2𝑅 (b) 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝜔2 𝑅

𝑔 𝑔
(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝜔2𝑅 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝜔2 𝑅
MECHANICS 62

170. In previous question if the bead is slightly displaced from the position shown in figure, it
executes S.H.M. Angular frequency of oscillation is

(a)  (b) 2

(c) 𝜔 + √𝑔/𝑅 (d) 𝜔 − √𝑔/𝑅

171. A particle of mass m is circumscribing a circle on smooth inner surface of a cone as

shown in the figure. Height of the particle from vertex of cone is h and half vertex angle
of cone is . Normal reaction on the particle is

(a) mg sin  (b) m2h cot

𝜈4
(c) mg tan  (d) 𝑚√𝑔2 + 𝑢2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

172. A small body of mass m slides down from the top of a hemisphere of radius r. The surface
of block and hemisphere are frictionless. The height at which the body lose contact with
the surface of the sphere is

(a) (3/2)r (b) (2/3)r

(c) (1/2)g t2 (d) 2/2g

173. A body of mass m kg is rotating in vertical circle at the end of a string of length r metre.
The difference in the kinetic energy at the top and the bottom of the circle is

(a) mg/r (b) 2mg/r

(c) 2mgr (d) mgr

174. In a circus a rider rides in a circular track of radius R in a vertical plane. The minimum
velocity at the highest point of the track will be

(a) √(2𝑔𝑅) (b) 2gR

(c) √(3𝑔𝑅) (d) √(𝑔𝑅)

MECHANICS 63

175. In the figure shown coefficient of friction between the block

and inclined plane is . What should be value of F so that block
slides up the plane with constant speed.

𝑚𝑔(𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃−𝜇 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃)

(a) 𝑚𝑔 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 (b) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃+𝜇 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃)

𝑚𝑔(𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃+𝜇 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃) 𝑚𝑔(𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃−𝜇 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃)

(c) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃−𝜇 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃)
(d) (𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃+𝜇 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃)

176. In figure shown M1 will not slide if

(a) M2 > M1 sin  (b) M2 < M1 sin 

(c) M1 (sin − cos)  M2  M1 (sin + cos)

(d) M1 (cos − sin)  M2  M1 (cos + sin)

MECHANICS 64

ANSWER KEYS

1. 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. ( ) 5. 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (a)

(0.36) (a,d)

11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (d)

21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (b)

31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (d) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40. (c)

41. (a) 42. (d) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (d) 46. (d) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. 50. (a)
(b)

51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (c) 54. (b) 55. (c) 56. (d) 57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (c) 60. (c)

61. (c) 62. (a) 63. (b) 64. (c) 65. (a) 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (b) 69. (a) 70. (b)

71. (a) 72. (a) 73. (d) 74. (a) 75. a() 76. (a) 77. (c) 78. (c) 79. (b) 80. (c)

81. (d) 82. (a) 83. (d) 84. (a) 85. (a) 86. (b) 87. (c) 88. (a) 89. 90. (c)
(d)

91. (a) 92. (a) 93. (a) 94. (c) 95. (d) 96. (c) 97. (a) 98. (d) 99. (c) 100.(b)

101. 102.(c) 103.(b) 104.(a) 105.(b) 106.(c) 107.(b) 108.(c) 109.(a, 110.(b)
(a) b, c)

111. (2) 112. (1, 113.(0.14, 114.(b) 115.(b) 116. (a) 117.(d) 118.(b) 119. (c) 120.(2)
-1) 2)

121. 122.(c) 123.(d) 124.(b) 125.(d) 126.(a) 127.(a) 128.(0.45) 129. 130.(a)
(67) (c)

131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. (b) 139. 140.
(b) (a) (0.3) (c) (d) (c) (a) (b) (b)

141.(c) 142.(b) 143.(c) 144.(b) 145.(d) 146.(d) 147.(a) 148.(b) 149.( ) 150.(a)

151.(b) 152.(d) 153.(c) 154.(c) 155.(c) 156.(a) 157.(c) 158.(b) 159.(c) 160.(a)

161.(d) 162.(c) 163.(d) 164.(a) 165.(b) 166.(a) 167.(c) 168.(c) 169.(c) 170.(a)

171.(d) 172.(b) 173.(c) 174.(d) 175.(c) 176.(c)

MECHANICS 65

CENTRE OF MASS

1. An isosceles triangle is to be cut from one edge of a square lamina (as shown in the figure)
such that the remaining portion when suspended from the apex P of the cut will remain
in equilibrium in any position. The value of h is

(a)
(3 − 3 ) (b)
(3 + 3 )
2 2

(c)
(2 − 2 ) (d)
(2 + 2 )
2 2

2. A triangle of uniform mass density of base L and height h is shown below. The center of
mass of the triangle lies at this distance above the base.

h 2h
(a) (b)
2 3

h h
(c) (d)
3 6

3. An object comprises of a uniform ring of radius R and a uniform chord AB (not

necessarily made of the same material) as shown. Which of the following cannot be the
centre of mass of the object?

R R  R R 
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
3 3  2 2

R R
(c)  ,  (d) None of the above
4 4

4. Consider the mass of the lamina to be uniformly distributed. Then, center of mass of the
section is

 −a −a   −a −a 
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 6 6   2 2 

 −a −a   −a −a 
(c)  ,  (d)  , 
 8 8   4 4 
MECHANICS 66

5. A circular plate of diameter 'd' is kept in contact with a square plate of edge 'd' as shown
in figure. The density of material and thickness are same everywhere. The centre of mass
of the composite system will be

(a) inside the circular plate (b) inside the square plate

(c) at the point of contact (d) outside the system

6. Figure shows a hollow sphere and a hollow cone of same density joined together. If centre
H
of mass of system lies at 'O' then has value
R

(a) 3 (b) 2

3 37 − 1
(c) (d)
2 2

7. Two points objects A and B have masses 1000 Kg and 3000 Kg respectively. They are
initially at rest with a separation equal to 1m/ Their mutual gravitational attraction them
draws then together. How far from A's original position will they collide?

(a) 1/3 m (b) 1/2 m

(c) 2/3 m (d) 3/4 m

8. A man of mass M stands at one end of a plank of length L which lies at rest on a
frictionless horizontal surface. The man walks to the other end of the plank. If the mass
of the plank is (M/3), the distance that the man moves relative to ground is

L
(a) L (b)
4

3L L
(c) (d)
4 3
MECHANICS 67

9. A bead can slide on a smooth straight wire and particle of mass m is attached to the bead
by a light string of length L. The particle is held in contact with wire with the string taut
and is then let fall. If the bead has mass 2 m. Then, when the string makes an angle  with
the wire then bead would have slipped a distance:

L
(a) L(1 − cos ) (b) (1 − cos )
2

L L
(c) (1 − cos ) (d) (1 − cos )
3 6

10. A small sphere of radius R held against the inner surface of a smooth spherical shell of
radius 6R as shown in figure. The masses of the shell and small spheres are 4M and M
respectively. This arrangement is placed on a smooth horizontal table. The small sphere
is not released. The x-coordinate of the centre of the shell when the smaller sphere reaches
the other extreme position is

(a) R (b) 2R

(c) 3R (d) 4R

11. A man of mass m moves with a constant speed of on a plank of mass M and length L kept
initially at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface, from one end to the other in time t.
The speed of the plank relative to ground while man is moving is

LM L m 
(a)   (b)  
t m t M+m

L M 
(c)   (d) None of these
t  M−m
MECHANICS 68

12. A wedge of mass M and a cube of mass m are shown in figure.

The system is released. Considering no frictional force
between any two surfaces, the distance moved by the wedge,
when the cube just reaches on the ground is

m2 2
(a) (b) 2m
(m + M)

2m
(c) 2 2m (d)
m+M

13. ˆ −1 and 2ˆj ms −1. First particle has an

Two particles of equal mass have velocities 2ims

acceleration (iˆ + ˆj)ms −2 while the acceleration of the second particle is zero. The centre
of mass of the two particles moves in

(a) circle (b) parabola

(c) ellipse (d) straight line

14. If the linear density of a rod AB of length 3m varies from end A as  = 2 + x, then the
position of centre of mass of the rod from the end A is

7 12
(a) m (b) m
3 7

10 9
(c) m (d) m
7 7

15. Two particles of masses m and 2m are moving in circles of radii r and 2r about common
centre O. If speed of each particle is 0 anticlockwise then

2m 02
(a) net external force on the system is
r

3m 02
(b) net external force on system is
r

(c) COM also move in circle (d) COM does not move in circle
MECHANICS 69

16. A thin hollow cone is placed on a hollow cylinder of different

material. If centre of mass of system lies at O then ratio of density of
cone to density of cylinder is

3 3
(a) (b)
2 2

3 2
(c) (d)
2 3

17. From a circle of radius a =  - 1, an isosceles right angled triangle with the hypotenuse as
the diameter of the circle is removed. The distance of the centre of gravity of the
remaining portion from the centre of the circle is ___________.

18. A solid sphere of mass 2kg and radius 2m is rotated about its diameter with angular
velocity 2 rad/s. Force exerted by one half of the sphere on the other half is _________
Newton.

19. A cylinder vessel of radius 1 m and height 2 m is half filled with water. The cylinder has
mass 10kg per square metre of it and density of water 1000 kg m−3. The height of centre
of mass of the system consisting of cylinder and water from base is _____m.

20. A uniform circular plate of uniform thickness has a diameter of 56 cm. A circular portion
of diameter 45 cm is removed from one edge of plate. The distance of the centre of mass
of the remaining portion from centre of disk is ____________ cm.

21. A small ball is connected to a block by a light string of length l. Both are initially on the
ground. There is sufficient friction on the ground to prevent the block from slipping. The
ball is projected vertically up with a velocity u, where 2g  u 2  3g . The centre of mass
of the 'block + ball' system is C.

(a) C will move along a circle

(b) C will move along a parabola

(c) C will move along a straight line

(d) The horizontal component of the velocity of the ball will first increase and then
decrease.
MECHANICS 70

22. In the figure shown there is a wire ABC of uniform linear mass density. If COM of the
wire lies below point A then value of angle  must be

𝑎 𝑎
(a) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑏 (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑎+𝑏

𝑎2 𝑏2
(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑎2+2𝑎𝑏 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑎2+2𝑎𝑏

23. A non-uniform rod of length L is lying along positive x-axis with one end at origin. The
𝐾𝑥 2
rod has mass per unit length, which varies with x as 𝜆 = 𝐿
, where K is a constant and x
is the distance from one end at origin. The x co-ordinates of center of mass is

3𝐿 𝐿
(a) 4
(b) 8

𝐾 3𝐾
(c) 𝐿
(d) 𝐿

24. Two thin rods are joined at their ends. If rods make  angle with each other and length of
each rod is  then distance of centre of mass from their common end is

ℓ ℓ 𝜃
(a) 2 (b) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2

ℓ 𝜃 ℓ
(c) 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 (d) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃

25. A block of mass M = 2kg with a semicircular track of radius R = 1.1 m rests on a
horizontal frictionless surface. A uniform cylinder of radius r = 10 cm and mass m = 1.0
kg is released from rest from the top point A. The cylinder slips on the semicircular
frictionless track. The speed of block when the cylinder reaches the bottom of the track
at B is: (g = 10 m/s2).

10 4
(a) √ 3 𝑚/𝑠 (b) √3 𝑚/𝑠

5
(c) √2 𝑚/𝑠 (d) √19𝑚/𝑠
MECHANICS 71

26. Figure shows a quarter of circular disc of radius R. Coordinate of centre of mass of the
disc is

4𝜋 4𝑅 2𝜋 2𝑅
(a) 3𝜋 , 3𝜋 (b) 3𝜋 , 3𝜋

𝑅 𝑅 2𝑅 2𝑅
(c) 3𝜋 , 3𝜋 (d) ,
𝜋 𝜋
MECHANICS 72

ANSWER KEYS

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (b)

11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. 18. (3) 19. 20. (9)
(0.33) (0.514)

21. 22. (d) 23. (a) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (a)
(a,d)
MECHANICS 73

ANGULAR MOMENTUM, TORQUE AND OSCILLATIONS

1. A uniform wooden stick of mass 1.6 kg and length l rests in an inclined manner on a
smooth, vertical wall of height h (< ) such that a small portion of the stick extends
beyond the wall. The reaction force of the wall on the stick is perpendicular to the stick.
The stick makes an angle of 30 with the wall and the bottom of the stick is on a rough
floor. The reaction of the wall on the stick is equal in magnitude to the reaction of the
floor on the stick. The ratio h/l and the frictionless force f at the bottom of the stick are
(g = 10 ms2)

h 3 16 3 h 3 16 3
(a) = ,f= N (b) = ,f= N
16 3 16 3

h 3 3 8 3 h 3 3 16 3
(c) = ,f= N (d) = ,f= N
16 3 16 3

2. A cubical block of side L rests on a rough horizontal surface with coefficient of friction
. A horizontal force F is applied on the block as shown. If the coefficient is sufficiently
high so that the block does not slide before toppling, the minimum force required to topple
the block is

(a) infinitesimal (b)Mg/4

(c) Mg/2 (d) Mg(1 − )

3. A projectile of mass 1 kg is thrown from ground at angle of 60 with horizontal. If angular
momentum of projectile after time t about point of projection is 100t2 then range of
projectile is approximately

(a) 100 m (b) 110 m

(c) 138 m (d) 192 m

MECHANICS 74

4. A particle of mass m moves in a circle of radius r as shown in figure with const speed 0.

𝜃
(a) angular momentum about P varies as 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2

𝜃
(b) angular momentum about P varies as 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2

(c) Torque about point P varies as cos

(d) Torque about point P varies as sin

5. Two particles of masses m1 and m2 separated by a distance d are rotating about their
center of mass due to their own gravitational force. Angular momentum of the system is

Gd
(a) m1m2 (b) m1m 2 Gd
m1 + m2

m1m 2
(c) Gd (d) Gd(m1 + m 2 )
m1 + m 2

6. A particle of mass 2kg is moving in a circle x2 + y2 = 4, with speed 3 m/s which of the
following statement is/are correct about angular momentum (L) about point (0, 0, 5).

(a) | L |= 18kg m 2 / s (b) | L |= 9 5kg m 2 / s

d|L| dL 54
(c) =0 (d) = kg m 2 / s
dt dt 5

7. A planet revolves the sun as shown in figure. If speed of

planet at A and B be V0 and 4V0 respectively then angle
between position vector (w.r.t. Sun) and velocity vector
of planet at B is

(a) 30 (b) 45

1
(c) 60 (d) sin −1
4
MECHANICS 75

8. A circular disc of radius R lies on x-y plane. Equation of periphery of disc is x2 + y2 =

R2. It is free to rotate and translate three force F1 = 2iˆ + 3j,
ˆ F = ˆi − 2ˆj and F = −ˆi − ˆj are
2 3

applied on disc at point (0, R), (R, 0), (R, R) respectively. The disc will

(a) only rotate (b) only translate

(c) translate and rotate (d) neither translate nor rotate

9. For a particle of mass 10g position vector is r = 10t 2 ˆi + 6tjˆ cm, torque on the particle
about origin at time t = 1 sec is ____________ g cm2/sec2.

10. A particle of mass m is attached to one end of a mass-less spring of force constant k, lying
on a frictionless horizontal plane. The other end of the spring is fixed. The particle starts
moving horizontally from its equilibrium position at time t = 0 with an initial velocity 0.
When the speed of the particle is 0.5 0. It collides elastically with a rigid wall. After this
collision,

(a) the speed of the particle when it returns to its equilibrium position is 0.

(b) the time at which the particle passes through the equilibrium position for the first time
𝑚
is 𝑡 = 𝜋√ 𝑘

4𝜋 𝑚
(c) the time at which the maximum compression of the spring occurs is 𝑡 = 3
√𝑘

(d) the time at which the particle passes through the equilibrium position for the second
5𝜋 𝑚
time is 𝑡 = 3
√𝑘

11. A small block is connected to one end of a massless spring of un-stretched length 4.9m.
The other end of the spring (see the figure) is fixed. The system lies on a horizontal
frictionless surface. The block is stretched by 0.2 m and released from rest at t = 0. If then
𝜋
executes simple harmonic motion with angular frequency 𝜔 = 3 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠. Simultaneously

at t = 0, a small pebble is projected with speed  from point P at an angle of 45 as shown
in the figure. Point P is at a horizontal distance of 10 m from O. If the pebble hits the
block at t = 1 s, the value of  is (take g = 10 m/s2)
MECHANICS 76

(a) 50m / s (b) 51m / s

(c) 52m / s (d) 53m / s

12. A particle of unit mass is moving along the x-axis under the influence of a force and its
total energy is conserved. Four possible forms of the potential energy of the particle are
given in Column-I (a and U0 are constants). Match the potential energies in Column-I to
the corresponding statement(s) in Column-II.

Column-I Column-II

2
U   x 2 
(A) U1 (x) = 0 1 −    (P) Force acting on the particle is zero at x = 0
2   a  

2
U0  x 
(B) U 2 (x) =   (Q) Force acting on the particle is zero at x = 0
2 a

U0  x 
2
  x 2 
(C) U3 (x) =   exp  −    (R) Force acting on the particle is zero at x = −a
2 a   a  

U0  x 1  x 3 
(D) U 4 (x) =  −    (S) Particle experiences an attractive force
2  a 3  a  
towards x = 0 in the region |x| < a

U0
(T) Particle with total energy can oscillate
4
about the point x = −a

13. Two spheres P and Q of equal radii have densities 1 and 2, respectively. The spheres
are connected by a massless string and placed in liquids L1 and L2 of densities 1 and 2
and viscosities 1 and 2, respectively. They float in equilibrium with the spheres P alone

in L2 has terminal velocity VP and Q alone in L1 has terminal velocity VQ , then

MECHANICS 77

VP  VP 2
(a) = 1 (b) =
VQ 2 VQ 1

(c) VP  VQ  0 (d) VP  VQ  0

14. A mass m is threaded by a spring of spring constant k to the midpoint between two walls
separated by a distance d. The relaxed length of the spring is zero and collisions of the
mass with the walls are completely elastic. If the mass is released from its equilibrium
position with speed v, the time period of its motion is independent of v

d k
(a) For all values of v (b) Only for v <
2 m

d k d k k
(c) Only for v > (d) Only for vd
2 m 2 m m

15. A thin rod of length l has density  = 0 x 2 / l2 , where x is distance from one end. The rod

is suspended by two strings tied at its ends. If the strings are vertical and rod remains
horizontal, ratio of tension in two strings is close to integer value ______ (greater than
one).

16. A small mass m is attached to a massless string whose other end is fixed at P as shown in
the figure. The mass is undergoing circular motion in the x-y plane with centre at O and
constant angular speed . If the angular momentum of the system, calculated about O

and P are denoted by LG and L P respectively, then

(a) LO and L P do not vary with time

(b) LO varies with time while L P remains constant

(c) LO remains constant while L P varies with time

(d) LO and L P both vary with time

17. A small block of mass of 0.1 kg lies on a fixed inclined plane PQ which makes an angle
 with the horizontal. A horizontal force of 1 N acts on the block through its centre of
mass as shown in the figure. The block remains stationary if (take g = 10 m/s2)
MECHANICS 78

(a)  = 45

(b)  > 45 and a frictional force acts on the block towards P

(c)  > 45 and a frictional force acts on the block towards Q

(d)  < 45 and a frictional force acts on the block towards Q

18. Two solid spheres A and B of equal volumes but of different densities dA and dB are
connected by a string. They are fully immersed in a fluid of density dF. They get arranged
into a equilibrium state as shown in the figure with a tension in the string. The
arrangement is possible only if

(a) dA < dF (b) dB > dF

(c) dA > dF (d) dA + dB = 2dF

19. A uniform horizontal meter scale of mass m is suspended by two vertical strings attached
to its two ends. A body of mass 2m is placed on the 75 cm mark. The tensions in the two
strings are in the ratio

(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 3

(c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 4

20. The position vector r of a particle of mass m is given by the following equation
10 −3
r(t) − t 3ˆi + t 2 ˆj where,  = ms , = 5ms −2 and m = 0.1 kg. At t = 1 s, which of the
3
following statement(s) is/are true about the particle?

(a) the velocity  is given by  = (10iˆ − 10ˆj)ms −1

5
(b) the angular momentum L with respect to the origin is given by L = −   k Nms
3

(
(c) the force F is given by F = ˆi + 2ˆj N )
 20 
(d) the torque  with respect to the origin is given by  = −   k̂ Nm
 3 
MECHANICS 79

21. A block of mass m is at rest under the action of force F against a wall as shown in figure.
Which of the following statement is incorrect?

(a) f = mg (where f is the frictional force) (b) F = N (where N is the normal force)

(c) F will not produce torque (d) N will not produce torque

22. Two masses m1 and m2 are attached with strings as shown in the figure. If the system is
in equilibrium, then

2𝑚2 𝑚
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 1 + 𝑚1
(b) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 1 + 𝑚2
1

𝑚 𝑚
(c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 1 + 2𝑚2 (d) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 1 + 𝑚1
1 2

23. In the figure, a ladder of mass m is shown leaning against a wall. It is in static equilibrium
making an angle  with the horizontal floor. The coefficient of friction between the wall
and the ladder is 1 and that between the floor and the ladder is 2. The normal reaction
of the wall on the ladder is N1 and that of floor is N2. If the total ladder is about to slip,
then

𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔
(a) 𝜇1 = 0, 𝜇2 ≠ 0 and 𝑁2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 2
(b) 𝜇1 ≠ 0, 𝜇2 = 0 and 𝑁1 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 2

𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔
(c) 𝜇1 ≠ 0, 𝜇2 ≠ 0 and 𝑁2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 1+𝜇 (d) 𝜇1 = 0, 𝜇2 ≠ 0 and 𝑁1 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 =
1 𝜇2 2
MECHANICS 80

24. A ladder of mass m is leaning against a wall as shown in the figure below. A mass 'M' is
hung from the middle of the ladder. The wall and the ground have a coefficient of friction
. What the value of the angle  below which the ladder cannot remain in static
equilibrium?

2𝜇 2𝜇
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛼 = 1−𝜇2 (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝛼 = 𝑚−𝜇2
𝑀

2𝜇 2𝜇
(c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛼 = 𝑀 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝛼 = 1−𝜇2
−𝜇2
𝑚

25. A heavy uniform rope of length L and mass per unit length  goes over a frictionless
pulley of diameter R, and has two masses M and m attached to its
two ends as shown. In terms of the distance x, the equilibrium
position is given by

1 𝜇𝐿 𝜋𝑅 1 𝑚+𝑀
(a) 2 (𝐿 − 𝑚+𝑀 + 2
) (b) 2 (𝐿 + 𝜇
)

𝜋𝑅 1 𝑚−𝑀 𝜋𝑅
(c) 𝐿 − 2
(d) 2 (𝐿 − 𝜇
−
2
)

26. If the mechanical system shown below is in static equilibrium, then what is then value of
tension T?

(a) mg (b) √2𝑚𝑔

(c) 𝑚𝑔/√2 (d) 2mg

27. Position vector and momentum of a particle are given to be 𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑4𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂
respectively. Angular momentum about an axis lying in y-z plane and making 45 with
z-axis is

(a) 4√2 (b) 3√2

(c) 9√2 (d) √2

MECHANICS 81

ANSWER KEYS

1. ( ) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. 5. (a) 6. 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. 10.

(a,d) (a,c) (1200) (a,d)

11. (a) 12. ( ) 13. 14. (b) 15. (3) 16. (c) 17. 18. 19. ( ) 20.
(a,d) (a,c) (a,b,d) (c,d)

21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (c)
MECHANICS 82

CONSERVATION LAWS

1. Consider the potential field V(x, y) which is 0 and −V0(V0 > 0) respectively in the regions
of y greater and less than zero. Let  and  be angles of incidence and refraction of the
particle with the y-axis at the point of incidence as it crosses the x-axis. The ratio
sin()/sin(  ) is given by

2V0 V0
(a) 1 + (b) 1 +
E E

V0 2V0
(c) 1 + (d) 1 +
E E

2. A block of mass M is connected by a massless spring with stiffness constant k to a rigid

wall and moves without friction on a horizontal surface. The block oscillates with small
amplitude A about an equilibrium position x0. Consider two cases: (i) when the block is
at x0; and (ii) when the block is at x = x0 + A. In both the cases, a particle with mass
m(<M) is softly placed on the block after which they stick  each other. Which of the
following statement(s) is(are) true about the motion after the mass m is placed on the
mass M?

𝑀
(a) the amplitude of oscillation in the first case changes by a factor of √𝑚+𝑀, whereas in

the second case it remains unchanged

(b) the final time period of oscillation in both the cases is same

(c) the total energy decreases in both the cases

(d) the instantaneous speed at x0 of the combined masses decreases in both the cases
MECHANICS 83

3. In the figure shown particle goes from region (1) to

region (2). In region (1) it has speed v1 and potential
energy u1 while in region (2) it has potential energy u2.
Which of the following is correct?

1 1
sin 1  2 2 cos 1  2 2
(a) = 1 − (u1 − u 2 )  (b) = 1 + (u1 − u 2 ) 
sin 2  m1 2
 cos 2  m1 2


1 1
sin 1  2 2 cos 1  2 2
(c) = 1 + (u1 − u 2 )  (d) = 1 − (u1 − u 2 ) 
sin 2  m1 2
 cos 2  m1 2


4. Consider an elliptically shaped rail PQ in the vertical plane with

OP = 3m and OQ = 4m. A block of mass 1 kg is pulled along the
rail from P to Q with a force of 18 N, which is always parallel to
line PQ (see the figure given). Assuming no frictional losses, the
kinetic energy of the block when it reaches Q is (n × 10) joules.
The value of n is (take acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms−2)

5. Two bodies, each of mass M, are kept fixed with a separation 2L. A particle of mass m is
projected from the midpoint of the line joining their centers, perpendicular to the line.
The gravitational constant is G. The correct statement(s) is (are)

(a) the minimum initial velocity of the mass m to escape the gravitational field of the two
𝐺𝑀
bodies is 4√ 𝐿

(b) the minimum initial velocity of the mass m to escape the gravitational field of the two
𝐺𝑀
bodies is 2√ 𝐿

(c) the minimum initial velocity of the mass m to escape the gravitational field of the two
2𝐺𝑀
bodies is √ 𝐿

(d) the energy of the mass m remains constant.

MECHANICS 84

6. A small block of mass 1 kg is released from rest at the top of a rough track. The track is
a circular arc of radius 40 m. The block slides along the track without toppling and a
frictionless force act on it in the direction opposite to the instantaneous velocity. The
work done in overcoming the friction up to the point Q, as shown in figure below, is 150
J. (Take the acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 ms−2)

The speed of the block when it reaches the point Q is

(a) 5 ms−1 (b) 10 ms−1

(c) 10 3 ms −1 (d) 20 ms−1

7. In the above question, the magnitude of the normal reaction that acts on the block at the
point Q is

(a) 7.5 N (b) 8.6 N (c) 11.5 N (d) 22.5 N

 x ˆi + y ˆj (K
8. The work done on a particle of mass m by a force, K  2 
 (x + y ) (x + y 2 )3/ 2
2 3/ 2 2

being a constant of appropriate dimensions), when the particle is taken from the point (a,
0) to the point (0, a) along a circular path of radius a about the origin in the x-y plane is

2K K K
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
a a 2a

9. A particle of mass 0.2 kg is moving in one dimension under a force that delivers a constant
power 0.5 W to the particle. If the initial speed (in ms−1) of the particle is zero, the speed
(in ms−1) after 5s is ____________

10. A block of mass 0.18 kg is attached to a spring of force constant 2 N/m. The coefficient
of friction between the block and the floor is 0.1. Initially the block is at rest and the
spring is un-stretched. An impulse is given to the block as shown in the figure. The block
slide a distance of 0.06 m and comes to rest for the first time. The initial velocity of the
block in m/s is V = N/10. Then N is _________
MECHANICS 85

11. A ball tied to a massless string is winding on a cylinder which is

fixed firmly to the ground. The angular momentum of the ball

(a) Increases with time

(b) Decreases with time and approaches zero

(c) Remains a constant

(d) Decreases and then asymptotically approaches a non-zero constant

12. An object of mass m, is fixed to a massless rod pivoted at point

"B", as show in the figure below.

The rod is free to move in any direction without any resistance. A

large mass M is fixed to the point A. If the two masses interact with each other via gravity
then the general motion of the system will satisfy the condition

(a) Only the total angular momentum of the system is constant

(b) Only the total energy of the system is constant

(c) Both energy and angular momentum of the system are constant

(d) Neither energy nor the momentum of the system are constant

13. The Moon is moving away from the Earth at the rate of about 4 cm yr−1. If E denotes the
total orbital energy of the Earth-Moon system and L denotes the orbital angular mentum
then

dE dL dE dL
(a)  0 and 0 (b)  0 and 0
dt dt dt dt

dE dL dE dL
(c)  0 and =0 (d)  0 and =0
dt dt dt dt

14. A particle of mass m uniformly accelerates from rest to speed  in time . Work done on
the body in time t is

m 2 t 2 m 2 t 2 2m 2 t 2 2m 2 t 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 22 2 22
MECHANICS 86

15. Under the influence of the Coulomb field of fixed charge +Q, a charge −q is moving
around it in an elliptical orbit. The correct statement(s) is/are

(a) the angular momentum of the charge −q is constant

(b) the linear momentum of the charge −q is constant

(c) the angular velocity of the charge −q is constant

(D) transverse acceleration of −q is zero

16. In the figure shown A sticks to B after collision, tension in the

string just after collision is

(a) 17 mg (b) 17 mg/3

(c) 3 mg (d) 10 mg/3

17. A particle of mass m moves along the path shown in figure. Initial velocity of particle is
mv02 2ˆ
v0 and it is acted upon by a force 2
(y i + 2x 2ˆj) on returning to the same point speed
2d
of the particle will be

(a) 2v 0 (b) 2v0

v0 v0
(c) (d)
2 2

18. A particle moves under potential (x2 − 1)2. Which of the following statements is/are
correct?

(a) Speed of the particle is maximum at x = 1

(b) If particle is released from x = −2(meter), it will move a distance 4 (meter) before
coming to rest

(c) Speed of a particle released from x  2 varies with x as

MECHANICS 87

(d) Speed of a particle released from x  2 varies with distance as

19. Three particles of equal mass moving with equal speed v0 at 120 with each other collide
simultaneously and stick to form a single particle. Speed of the single particle will be

v0 v0
(a) (b)
3 3

2v0 2v0
(c) (d) (d) Zero
3 3

20. A particle is on the top of a fixed smooth sphere. It is displaced slightly to let it slide
down. If R be radius of sphere, then speed of the particle at the moment it breaks off the
sphere is

2gR
(a) gR (b)
3

gR gR
(c) (d)
3 2

21. In the figure shown A sticks to B. What is acceleration at the moment when velocity
becomes zero.

K 2K
(a) v 0 (b) v 0
m m

K K
(c) 2v 0 (d) v 0
m 2m
MECHANICS 88

22. A block of mass m is sliding down an inclined surface

of an object with a large mass M. The surface
continues into a circular path as shown in the figure
below. If all the surfaces are frictionless then what is
then minimum height H such that the block slides
without leaving the surface anywhere?

(a) H = 5R/2 (b) H = (5 + m/M)R/2

(c) H = (5 + M/m) R/2 (d) H = 3R/2

23. A particle of mass 0.5 kg is moving with velocity 2𝑖̂. A force 𝐹⃗ = (1 + 2𝑡)𝑗̂ begins to act
on it, at t = 0, work done by the applied force in 2 seconds is

(a) 6J (b) 18J

(c) 24J (d) 36J

24. A small block of mass m slides along the frictionless track which end in a circular loop
of radius R. The block starts from point A. What is normal reaction on the block when it
reaches point B.

(a) 4mg (b) 8 mg

(c) mg (d) zero

25. Two particles each of mass m are fixed at y = a. A particle of mass m is released from
𝑥 = −2√2𝑎, its speed when it reaches x = 0 due to gravitational attraction of fixed masses
is
MECHANICS 89

𝐺𝑚 𝐺𝑚
(a) √ 𝑎
(b) √ 3𝑎

2𝐺𝑚 8𝐺𝑚
(c) √ 3𝑎
(d) √ 3𝑎

26. Polar coordinates of a particle are given to be  = t, r = r0e−t which of the following
statements is/are correct.

(a) Radial acceleration is zero (b) Radial velocity is not constant

(c) Transverse acceleration is not zero

(d) Angular momentum about origin is not conserved

27. In figure shown if a constant force F is applied parallel to surface, then velocity (v) of
block vs. displacement (x) will be given by

28. In figure shown if A sticks to B then maximum compression produced in the spring will
be

𝑚 𝑚
(a) 𝑣0 √ 𝐾 (b) 𝑣0 √2𝐾
MECHANICS 90

𝑚 𝑚
(c) 𝑣0 √3𝐾 (d) 𝑣0 √6𝐾

29. A constant horizontal force F is applied to the bob of simple

pendulum. Angle by which string will deflect is

𝐹 𝐹
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑚𝑔 (b) 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑚𝑔

𝐹 𝐹
(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑚𝑔 (d) 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑚𝑔

30. In previous question what is speed of the bob at the moment its acceleration is zero if 𝐹 =
√3𝑚𝑔

(a) √𝑔𝑙 (b) √2𝑔𝑙

(c) √3𝑔𝑙 (d) 2√𝑔𝑙

31. In figure shown if moving particle sticks to the suspended particle

and 𝑣0 = 3√𝑔𝑙 then the angle by which string will deflect is

(a) 30 (b) 45

1
(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 3 (d) 60

32. In above questi9on if collision takes place at t = 0 then angle made by string with
downward vertical at time 't' is

𝜋 𝑔 𝜋 𝑔
(a) 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 √ 𝑙 𝑡 (b) 6 𝑐𝑜𝑠 √ 𝑙 𝑡

𝜋 𝑔 𝜋 𝑔
(c) 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛 √ 𝑙 𝑡 (d) 6 𝑠𝑖𝑛 √ 𝑙 𝑡

33. A particle is dropped from a height 3R above the earth surface. Speed of particle near
earth surface will be (M = mass of earth, R = radius of earth)

𝐺𝑀 3𝐺𝑀
(a) √ 𝑅 (b) √ 2𝑅
MECHANICS 91

2𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑀
(c) √ 3𝑅 (d) √ 2𝑅

𝐺𝑀
34. A particle projected with speed √ 4𝑅 from a height R above the earth surface. If velocity

is perpendicular radial direction. At what angle with radial line does the particle hit earth
surface.

1
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 2 (b) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 2

1
(c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3 (d) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
√5

35. In the figure shown a particle is thrown from

point 'C' towards a heavy sphere. If particle is
only acted upon by gravitational force of sphere,
then for what minimum value of angle  it will
not hit the sphere.

(a) 45 (b) 60

2
(c) sin−13 (d) 30

36. In figure shown block of spring mass system is given a speed

v0, mass of spring and block both are equal to m.
Compression in the spring when block stops will be

4𝑚 𝑚
(a) 𝑣0 √ 3𝐾 (b) 𝑣0 √ 𝐾

𝑚 2𝑚
(c) 𝑣0 √3𝐾 (d) 𝑣0 √ 𝐾
MECHANICS 92

37. A particle is moving in a circle due to gravitational force of another particle at the centre.
Which of the following is correct?

(a) K.E. = − P.E.

(b) K.E. = −T.E.

(c) K.E. = P.E.

(d) P.E. = T.E.

MECHANICS 93

ANSWER KEYS

1. (b) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. (5) 5. 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. ( ) 10. (4)

(b,d)

11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. 19. (d) 20. (b)
(a,d) (all)

21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (d) 26. 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (b)
(all)

31. (d) 32. (c) 33. (b) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (b)
MECHANICS 94

MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS

1. A jet of gas of molecules of mass m, speed v and number density 'n' all moving co-
linearly. This jet hits a wall at an angle  to the normal. The pressure exerted on the wall
at an angle  to the normal. The pressure exerted on the wall by the jet assuming elastic
collision will be

(a) p = 2mn2 cos2  (b) p = 2mn2 cos 

(c) p = (3 / 2)mn cos 2  (d) p = mn2

2. A tennis ball is dropped on a horizontal smooth surface. It bounced back to its original
position after hitting the surface. The force on the ball during the collision is proportional
to the length of compression of the ball. Which one of the following sketches describes
the variation of its kinetic energy K with time t most appropriately? The figures are only
illustrative and not to the scale.

3. A particle of mass m is projected from the ground with an initial speed u0 at angle  with
the horizontal. At the highest point of its trajectory, it makes a completely inelastic
collision with another identical particle, which was thrown vertically upward from the
ground with the same initial speed u0. The angle that the composite system makes with
the horizontal immediately after the collision is

 
(a) (b) +
4 4

 
(c) − (d)
4 2
MECHANICS 95

4. A bob of mass m, suspended by a string of length 1 is given a minimum velocity required

to complete a full circle in the vertical plane. At the highest point, it collides elastically
with another bob of mass m suspended by a string of length 2, which is initially at rest.
Both the strings are mass-less and inextensible. If the second bob, after collision acquires

1
the minimum speed required to complete a full circle in the vertical plane, the ratio
2

is ___________

5. Two putty ball A and B of masses 2 kg and 3 kg, respectively, collide inelastically at O
with velocities 1 = (11iˆ + 6ˆj + 5k)
ˆ m / s and  = (6iˆ + 6ˆj) m / s The velocity of the new
2

ball is

(a) 8iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ (b) 8iˆ + 6ˆj + 2kˆ

(c) 8iˆ + 5jˆ + 5kˆ (d) 7iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ

6. The centre of mass of a body

(a) always lies at the geometrical centre (b) always lies inside the body

(c) always lies outside the body (d) lies within or outside the body

7. A bomb, travelling in a parabolic path under gravity, explodes in mid air. The center of
mass of the fragments will

(a) move vertically upwards and then downwards

(b) move vertically downwards (c) move in an irregular path

(d) move in the parabolic path as the unexploded bomb would have travelled

8. A ball of mass m approaches a wall of mass M (>>m) with speed of 4 m/s along the
normal to the wall. The speed of wall is 1 m/s towards the ball. The speed of the ball after
an elastic collision with the wall will be

(a) 5 m/s away from the wall (b) 9 m/s away from the wall

(c) 3 m/s away from the wall (d) 6 m/s away from the wall
MECHANICS 96

9. A ball strikes a horizontal floor at an angle  = 45. The coefficient of restitution between
1
the ball and the floor is e = . The fraction of its kinetic energy lost in collision is
2

5 3
(a) (b)
8 8

3 1
(c) (d)
4 4

10. Two particles A and B each of the mass m are attached by a light
inextensible string of length 2l. The whole system lie on a smooth
horizontal table with B initially at a distance l from A. The particle
at end B is projected across the table with speed u perpendicular
to AB. Velocity of ball A just after the string is taut, is

u 3
(a) (b) u 3
4

u 3
(c) (d) u/2
2

11. A particle of mass m moving with a speed v hits elastically another

stationary particle of mass 2m on a smooth horizontal circular tube
of radius r. The time in which the next collision will take place is
equal to

2r 4r
(a) (b)
 

3r r
(c) (d)
2 

12. Two block of mass 3 kg and 6 kg respectively are placed on a smooth horizontal surface.
They are connected by a light spring of force constant k = 200 N/m. Initially the spring
is unstretched. The indicated velocities are imparted to the
blocks. The maximum extension of the spring will be.

(a) 30 cm (b) 25 cm (c) 20 cm (d) 15 cm

MECHANICS 97

13. Shown in the figure is a system of three particles having masses m1 = 1kg, m2 = 2 kg and
m3 = 4 kg, respectively, connected by two springs. The acceleration of A, B and C at any
instant are 1 m/sec2, 2 m/sec2 and (1/2) m/sec2, respectively, directed as shown in the
figure. The external force acting on the system is

(a) 1 N rightward (b) 3 N leftward

(c) 3 N rightward (d) Zero

14. A dog of mass 10 kg chases a rabbit running with a speed of 7 km/hr and mass 2 kg with
a speed of 13 km/hr along a straight line. The speed of the centre of mass of the dog rabbit
system will be

(a) 10 km/hr (b) 12 km/hr

(c) 16 km/hr (d) 20 km/hr

15. A bullet of mass m leaves a gun of mass M kept on a smooth horizontal surface. If the
speed of the bullet relative to the gun is v, the recoil speed of the gun will be

m m M M
(a)  (b)  (c) (d) 
M M+m M+m m

16. A particle of mass m colliders with another stationary particle of mass M. If the particle
m stops just after the collision, the coefficient of restitution of collision is equal to

M−m m
(a) 1 (b) m/M (c) (d)
M+m M+m

17. A ping-pong ball of mass m is floating in air by a jet of water emerging out of nozzle. If
the water strikes the ping-pong ball with a speed v and just after collision water falls dead,
the rate of mass flow of water in the nozzle is equal to

2mg m mg
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
 g 
MECHANICS 98

18. A block m1 strikes a stationary block m3 perfectly inelastically in a head on collision.

Another block m2 is kept on m3. Neglecting the friction between all contacting surfaces,
the fractional decrease of K.E. of the system in collision is

m1 m1
(a) (b)
m1 + m 2 + m3 m 2 + m3

m3 m 2 + m3
(c) (d)
m1 + m3 m1 + m 2 + m3

19. Two blocks of masses m1 and m2 interconnected with a spring of stiffness K are kept on
a smooth horizontal surface. Which of the following ratios is/are correct, when the spring
is extended and released?

F1 X 1 m 2 K.E.1 m 2
(a) =1 & 1 =1 (b) = & =
F2 X2  2 m1 K.E.2 m1

P1 K.E.1 m1 X1 m2 a m
(c) =1 & = (d) = & 1 = 2
P2 K.E.2 m 2 X 2 m1 a 2 m1

20. A bomb of mass 9 kg exploded into two fragments of masses 3 kg and 6 kg. The velocity
of mass 3 kg is 16 m/sec. The energy of explosion in mechanical form is equal to

(a) 384 J (b) 576 J

(c) 192 J (d) 1152 J

21. A dumbell consisting of two masses of mass m each, connected by light rigid rod of
length l, falls on two pads of equal height (one steel and the other brass) through a height
h. The coefficients of restitution are e1 and e2 (e1 < e2). To what maximum height will the
centre of mass of the dumbell rise after bouncing off the pads?

h h
(a) (b) (e1 + e 2 ) 2
e1 + e 2 4

(e12 + e22 )h 4h
(c) (d)
4 e + e 22
2
1
MECHANICS 99

22. A ball strikes a wall with a velocity u at an angle  with the normal to the wall surface
and rebounds from it at an angle  with the surface. Then:

(a) ( + ) > 90, if the wall is smooth

tan 
(b) if the wall is smooth, coefficient of restitution
cot 

tan 
(c) if wall is smooth, coefficient of restitution 
cot 

(d) none of the above

23. Two balls are dropped from same height h, one on a smooth plane and the other on a
rough plane both having same inclination  with horizontal as shown in figure. Both the
planes have same coefficient of the restitution. If range and time of flight of first and
second balls are R1, T1 and R2, T1, respectively, then:

(a) T1 = T2, R1 = R2 (b) T1 < T2, R1 < R2

(c) T1 = T2, R1 > R2 (d) T1 > T2, R1 > R2

24. Two identical balls marked 2 and 3, in contact with other and at rest on a horizontal
frictionless table, are hit head-on and elastically by another identical ball marked 1
moving initially with a speed v as shown in the adjacent figure. What is observed, if the
collision is elastic?

(a) Ball 1 comes to rest and balls 2 and 3 move with speed (v/2) each

(b) Balls 1 and 2 come to rest and ball 3 moves with speed v

(c) Balls 1, 2 and 3 move with speed (v/3) each

(d) Balls 1, 2 and 3 come to rest

MECHANICS 100

25. Two balls marked 1 and 2 of the same mass m and a third ball marked 3 of mass M are
arranged over a smooth horizontal surface as shown in adjacent figure. Ball 1 moves with
a velocity v1 towards stationary balls 2 and 3. All collisions are assumed to be elastic. If
M < m, the number of collisions between the balls will be

(a) one (b) two (c) three (d) four

26. A ball of mass m moving horizontally at a speed v collides with the bob of a long simple
pendulum at rest. The mass of the bob is also m. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, the
height to which the two balls rise after the collision will be given by

(a) v2/g (b) v2/2g

(c) v2/4g (d) v2/8g

27. A ball is dropped from a height of 10 m. It is embedded 1 m in sand and stops. In this
process, if we consider the ball and the earth as our system,

(a) only momentum is conserved (b) only kinetic energy is conserved

(c) both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved

(d) neither momentum nor kinetic energy is conserved

28. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 5 m on a planet where the acceleration due to
gravity is not known. On bouncing, it rises to 1.8 m. Ratio of velocity of the ball just after
and before the collision

(a) 16/25 (b) 2/5

(c) 3/5 (d) 9/2

29. Consider a system of two identical particles. One of the particles is at permanent rest and
the other has acceleration a. The centre of mass has acceleration

(a) zero (b) a / 2

(c) a (d) 2a
MECHANICS 101

30. A rope passing over a pulley has a ladder with a man of mass m on one of its ends and a
counterbalancing mass M on its other end. The man climbs with a velocity v, relative to
ladder. Ignoring the masses of the pulley and the rope as well as the friction on the pulley
axis, the velocity of the centre of mass of this system is

m m
(a) r (b) r
M 2M

M 2M
(c) r (d) r
m m

31. A ball of mass 0.2 kg rests on a vertical post of height 5 m.

A bullet of mass 0.01 kg, travelling with a velocity V m/s
in a horizontal direction, hits the centre of the ball. After
the collision, the ball and bullet travel independently. The
ball hits the ground at a distance of 20 m and the bullet at
a distance of 100 m from the foot of the post. The initial velocity V of the bullet is

(a) 250 m/s (b) 250 2 m / s

(c) 400 m/s (d) 500 m/s

32. A bullet in motion hits and gets embedded in a solid block resting on a frictionless table.
What is conserved for the bullet-block system?

(a) momentum and KE (b) Kinetic energy alone

(c) Neither KE nor momentum (d) Momentum alone

33. A ball is thrown upwards from the surface of earth. While the ball is moving up

(a) the earth remains stationary while the ball moves upwards

(b) the ball remains stationary while the earth moves downwards

(c) the ball and earth both moves towards each other

(d) the ball and earth both move away from each other
MECHANICS 102

34. A particle of mass 1 kg is projected at an angle of 30 with horizontal with a velocity v =
40 m/s. The change in linear momentum of the particle after time t = 1s will be (g = 10
m/s2)

(a) 7.5 kg-m/s (b) 15 kg-m/s

(c) 10 kg-m/s (d) 20 kg-m/s

35. A particle of mass m is made to move with uniform speed v along the perimeter of a
regular polygon of 2n sides. The magnitude of impulse applied at each corner of the
polygon is

 
(a) 2m sin (b) m sin
2n 2n

 
(c) 2m cos (d) m cos
2n 2n

36. A force F = (2iˆ + ˆj + 3k)N

ˆ acts on a particle of mass 1 kg for 2s. If initial velocity of

particle is u = (2iˆ + ˆj)m / s. Speed of particle at the end of 2s will be

(a) 12 m/s (b) 6 m/s

(c) 9 m/s (d) 4 m/s

37. A bullet is fired from a gun. The force on the bullet is given by F = 600 − (2 × 105)t. Here,
F is in newton and t in second. The force on the bullet becomes zero as given by the
equation as soon as it leaves the barrel. The impulse imparted to the bullet is:

(a) 8 N-s (b) 0.9 N-s

(c) 1.8 N-s (d) 2.4 N-s

38. A 20g bullet pierces through a plate of mass 1 kg and then comes to rest in a second plate
of mass 2.98 kg. The two plates, initially at rest, now move with equal velocities. Find
out the % age loss in the initial velocity of the bullet when it is between m1 and m2. Any
loss of material of the plates due to bullet piercing it may be neglected.

(a) 50% (b) 25% (c) 100% (d) 75%

MECHANICS 103

39. A moving mass of 8 kg collide elastically with a stationary mass of 2 kg. If E be the initial
kinetic energy of the moving mass the kinetic energy left with it after the collision will
be

(a) 0.80 E (b) 0.64 E (c) 0.36 E (d) 0.08 E

40. Two boys of equal masses m jumps off from the border line of a stationary carriage of
mass M with same horizontal velocity u relative to carriage. Neglecting the effect of
friction

(a) they will impart greater velocity to the carriage by jumping off simultaneously

(b) they will impart greater velocity to the carriage by jumping one after the other

(c) they will impart equal velocity to the carriage in whatever manner they jump off

(d) data is insufficient

41. A hammer of mass M falls from a height h repeatedly to drive a pile of mass m into the
ground. The hammer makes the pile penetrate into the ground to a distance d in a single
below. Opposition to penetration is given by

m 2 gh m 2 gh
(a) (b) + (M + m)g
M + md (M + m)d

M 2 gh m 2 gh
(c) (d) − (M + m)g
M + md (M + m)d

42. Two similar bogies A and B of same mass M (empty bogie) moves with constant
velocities UA and UB towards each other on smooth parallel tracks. At an instant, a boy
of mass m from bogie A and a body of same mass from bogie B exchange their position
by jumping in a direction normal to the back, then bogie A stops while B keeps moving
in the same direction with new velocity VB. The initial velocities of bogie A and B are
given by

(M − m) (M − m) mv B Mv B
(a) vB , vB (b) ,
m M (M − m) (M − m)

mv B Mv B (M + m)v B (M + m)v B
(c) , (d) ,
(M + m) (M + m) m M
MECHANICS 104

43. A uniform bar of length 6a and mass 8m lies on a smooth horizontal table. Two point
masses m and 2m moving in the same horizontal plane with speed 2v and v respectively,
strike the bar and stick to bar after collision. Velocity of centre of mass is

(a) zero (b) 2/8 V

(c) 8/2 V (d) 3V

44. A smooth ball of mass m strikes a horizontal surface with a velocity v in a direction
making an angle 30 with the normal to the surface as shown in the figure. If the
coefficient of restitution for the collision between the ball and the surface is e and the ball
was in contact with the surface for a small time t, the average force acting on the ball
during collision is

mv(1 + e)
(a) mg (b)
2t

3mv(1 − e) 3mv(1 + e)
(c) (d)
2t 2t

45. A neutron travelling with a velocity v and kinetic energy E collides elastically head on
with the nucleus of an atom of mass number A at rest. The fraction of total energy retained
by the neutron is:

 A −1   A +1
2 2

(a)   (b)  
 A +1  A −1 

 A −1   A +1
2 2

(c)   (d)  
 A   A 

46. A sphere A of mass m moving with a constant velocity u hits another stationary sphere B
of the same mass in a head on collision. If e is the coefficient of restitution, then ratio of
velocities of sphere A to the sphere B after collision will be

 1− e   1+ e 
(a)   (b)  
 1+ e   1− e 

 e +1   e −1 
(c)   (d)  
 e +1   e +1 
MECHANICS 105

47. A particle strikes a horizontal frictionless floor with a speed u at an angle  with the
vertical, and rebound with speed v at an angle  with vertical. The coefficient of
restitution between the particle and the floor is e. The magnitude of v is

(a) e u (b) (1 − e)u

(c) u sin 2  + e 2 cos 2  (d) u e 2 sin 2  + cos 2 

48. Four particles A, B and D of equal mass move with equal speed v along the diagonals of
a square in a horizontal plane as shown in the figure. After the collision, A comes to rest
while B and C retrace their paths with same speeds. Then, the particle D will

(a) continue to move along the same line with speed v

(b) retrace its path with speed 2v

(c) comes to rest

(d) move with speed v 2 along a line parallel to CD

49. A ball is dropped from a height h on the ground. If the coefficient of restitution is e, fid
the height to which the ball will go up after it rebounds for the nth time.

(a) e  h n (b) h  en

(c) e  h 2n (d) h  e2n

50. A ball collides elastically with another ball of same mass. The collision is oblique and
initially one of the ball was at rest. After the collision, the two balls move with same
speeds. What will be the angle between the velocity of the ball after the collision?

(a) 30 (b) 45

(c) 60 (d) 90

51. A ball of mass m1 makes a head on elastic collision with a ball of mass m2 which is
initially at rest. The transfer of kinetic energy to the second ball is maximum when

(a) m1 >> m2 (b) m1 = m2

(c) m1 << m2 (d) m1 > = < m2

MECHANICS 106

52. A ball is dropped from a height h0. Ball strikes n times before coming to rest. If the
velocity of rebound after n collision is vn and the ball rises to a height then coefficient of
restitution e is given by

hm h0
(a) en = (b) en =
h0 hn

hn hn
(c) ne = (d) ne=
h0 h0

53. A water jet of area A hits a partition at an angle  and rebounds with same speed v.
Taking density of water as D, the normal thrust on partition is

(a) 2Adv2sin  (b) 2ADv2cos 

(c) ADv2sin  (d) ADv2cos 

54. A ball impinges directly on a similar ball at rest. The first ball is brought to rest by the
impact. If half of the kinetic energy is lost by impact, the value of coefficient of restitution
is

1 1
(a) (b)
2 2 3

1 3
(c) (d)
2 2

55. Two blocks of mass m1 and m2 are connected by a massless spring and placed at smooth
surface. The spring is initially stretched and released. Then

(a) the momentum of each particle remains constant separately

(b) the momentum of both bodies are same to each other

(c) the magnitude of momentum of both bodies are same to each other

(d) the mechanical energy of the system remains constant and the magnitude of moment
of both bodies are same to each other
MECHANICS 107

56. In the given figure four identical spheres of equal mass m suspended
by wires of equal length l0 so that all spheres are almost touching to
each other. If the sphere 1 is released from horizontal position and
collisions are elastic, the velocity of sphere 4 just after collision is

(a) 2g 0 (b) 3g 0

(c) g 0 (d) g 0 /2

57. A particle strikes a smooth wall and rebound with coefficient of restitution 1/3. If it
rebounds with a velocity of 0.1 m/s at an angle of 60 to the normal to the wall, the loss
of kinetic energy is

1
(a) 50% (b) 33 %
3

2
(c) 40% (d) 66 %
3

58. A particle of mass m moving with speed 0 towards east suddenly turns towards north. If
its speed remains constant then, which of the following is/are correct

(a) impulse is 2m0 (b) impulse is 2m 0

(c) impulse is towards north east (d) impulse is towards west

59. In figure shown rate of change of momentum of block at the moment speed of block
V0
becomes is
2

V0
(a) 3mk (b) V0 3mk
2

V0
(c) V0 mk (d) mk
2

60. A particle of mass m moving in the x-direction with speed 2 is hit by another particle of
mass 2m moving in y-direction with speed . If the collision is perfectly inelastic, the
percentage loss in the kinetic energy during the collision is close to
MECHANICS 108

(a) 44% (b) 50%

(c) 56% (d) 62%

61. A ball moving at speed v collide with two balls placed side by side, as shown below

If all the balls have the same mass and all collisions are elastic, then after the collision,

(a) A and B will remain at rest touching each other and C will move with speed v to the
right

(b) A will come to rest while B and C will both move at speed v/2 to the right

(c) A will rebound with speed v/3 and B and C will jointly move at speed 2V/3

(d) All balls will stick and move at speed v/3

62. A small ball of mass m is lying on top of a massive ball

of mass M >> m. They are both released from a given
height simultaneously. If the small ball was at height H
when it was released then after the balls have collided
once with ground the small ball rises approximately to a
height

(a) 3H (b) 9H

(c) H (d) 27 H

63. A shell is fired from a canon with velocity v m/s at an angle  with the horizontal
direction. At the highest point in its path the shell explodes into pieces of equal mass.
One of the pieces retraces its path, the speed (in m/s) of the other piece immediately after
the explosion is

(a) 3v cos  (b) 2v cos 

3
(c) 3/2v cos  (d) √2 𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
MECHANICS 109

64. A bomb of mass 7m explodes into two fragments of masses 4m and 3m. If the momentum
of the lighter fragment is 'P', then the energy released in the explosion is

7𝑃2 9𝑃2
(a) 24𝑀 (b) 16𝑚

11𝑃2 5𝑃2
(c) 24𝑚
(d) 14𝑚

65. A particle of mass m is made to move with uniform speed v0 along the perimeter of a
regular hexagon. The magnitude of impulse applied at each corner of the hexagon is

𝜋 𝜋
(a) 2𝑚0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 6 (b) 𝑚𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 6

𝜋 𝜋
(c) 𝑚𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 3 (d) 2𝑚𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 3

66. A small spherical ball strikes a frictionless horizontal plane with a velocity v making an
angle  to the normal at the surface. If the coefficient of restitution is e, the particle will
again strike the surface after time

2𝑣 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 2𝑒𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃

(a) 𝑔
(b) 𝑔

2𝑒𝑣 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 2𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃

(c) 𝑔
(d) 𝑔

67. A particle P of mass m moving with velocity v0 (𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂) collides elastically with a particle
Q of mass 2m moving with velocity 𝑣0 (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂).

(a) momentum of system (P + Q) in center of mass frame is zero

4
(b) speed of P after collision in center of mass frame is 3 𝜈0

2
(c) speed of Q after collision in center of mass frame is 3 𝜈0

3𝑖̂−𝑗̂
(d) velocity of center of mass after collision is 𝜈0 ( 3
)

68. Three particles of equal mass moving with equal speed collide and stick to each other.
The loss in kinetic energy will be maximum if angle between direction of velocities of
the particles is

(a) 30 (b) 60 (c) 120 (d) 90

MECHANICS 110

69. A particle of mass m moving with speed 0 collides elastically with another particle of
same mass. If one of the particles files off at 30 to the initial velocity then ratio of kinetic
energy of two particles after collision is

(a) 1:2 (b) 1:3

(c) 1:4 (d) 2:3

MECHANICS 111

ANSWER KEYS

1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (5) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (a)

11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (b)

21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (b)

31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (d) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40.
(b)

41. (b) 42. (b) 43. (a) 44. 45. (a) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. 49. 50. (b)
(d) (d) (d)

51. (b) 52. (a) 53. (a) 54. (c) 55. (d) 56. (a) 57. ( ) 58. (b) 59. (a) 60. (c)

61. (a) 62. (b) 63. (a) 64. (a) 65. (a) 66. (b) 67. 68. (c) 69. (b)
(all)
MECHANICS 112

CENTRAL FORCES & GRAVITATION

1. A planet orbits a massive star in a highly elliptical orbit, i.e. the total energy E is close to
zero. The initial distance of closest approach is R0. Energy is dissipated through tidal
motions until the orbit is circularized with a final radius of Rf. Assume that orbital angular
momentum is conserved during the circularization process. Then

(a) Rf = R0/2 (b) Rf = R0

(c) Rf 2R 0 (d) Rf = 2R0

2. A binary system consists of two stars of equal mass 'm' orbiting each other in a circular
orbit under the influence of gravitational forces. The period of the orbit is . At t = 0, the
motion is stopped and the stars are allowed to fall to towards each other. After what time
t, expressed in terms of , do they collide? The following integral may be useful (x = r1/2).

x 2dx x   x 
 −x 2 2
 − x 2 + sin −1 
2  



(a) 2 (b)
2

 
(c) (d)
2 2 4 2

3. If, in a Kepler potential, the pericentre distance of a particle in a parabolic orbit is rp while
the radius of the circular orbit with the same angular momentum is rc, then

(a) rc = 2rp (b) rc = rp (c) 2rc = rp (d) rc = 2rp

4. A spherical planet of radius R has a uniform density  and does not rotate. If the planet
is made up of some liquid, the pressure at any point r from the centre is

42 G 2 2 4G 2 2
(a) (R − r ) (b) (R − r )
3 3

22 G 2 2 G 2 2
(c) (R − r ) (d) (R − r )
3 2
MECHANICS 113

5. A space station moving in a circular orbit around the Earth goes into a new bound orbit
by firing its engine radially outwards. This orbit is

(a) a larger circle (b) a smaller circle

(c) an ellipse (d) a parabola

6. In a central force field, the trajectory of a particle of mass m and angular momentum L in
1 m
plane polar coordinates is given by = (1 +  cos ) where  is the eccentricity of the
r L2
particle's motion. Which one of the following choices for  gives rise to a parabolic
trajectory?

(a)  = 0 (b)  = 1

(c) 0 <  < 1 (d)  > 1

7. A planet of mass 'm' moves in a circular orbit of radius r0 in the gravitational potential
k
V(r) = − where 'k' is a positive constant. The orbital angular momentum of the planet
r
is

(a) 2r0km (b) 2r0 km

(c) r0km (d) r0 km

8. A particle moving under the influence of a central force F(r) = −kr (where r is the
position vector of the particle and k is a positive constant) has non-zero angular
momentum. Which of the following curves is a possible orbit for this particle?

(a) A straight-line segment passing through the origin

(b) An ellipse with its center at the origin

(c) An ellipse with one of the foci at the origin

(d) A parabola with its vertex at the origin

MECHANICS 114

1
9. A planet of radius R =  (radius of Earth) has the same mass density as Earth.
10
R
Scientists dig a well of depth on it and lower a wire of the same length and the linear
5
mass density 10−3 kgm−1 into it. I the wire is not touching anywhere, the force applied at
the top of the wire by a person holding it in place is (take the radius of Earth = 6×106 m)
and the acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 10 ms−2

(a) 96 N (b) 108 N

(c) 120 N (d) 150 N

10. Two spherical planets P and Q have the same uniform density , masses MP and MQ, and
surface and surface areas A and 4A, respectively. A spherical planet R also has uniform
density  and its mass is (MP + MQ). The escape velocities from the planets P, Q and R
are VP, VQ and VR respectively. Then

(a) VQ > VR > VP (b) VR > VQ > VP

1
(c) VR/VP = 3 (d) VP / VQ =
2

11. A large spherical mass M is fixed at one position and two identical point masses m are
kept on a line passing through the centre of M (see figure). The point masses are
connected by a rigid massless rod of length l and this assembly is free to move along the
line connecting them. All three masses interact only through their mutual gravitational
interaction. When the point mass nearer to M is at a distance r = 3l from M, the tension
 M 
in the rod is zero for m = k   . The value of k is
 288 

12. A planet of mass MP is in a circular orbit around a star of mass MS at a radius R. If the
star loses a fraction 'f' of its mass in a sudden explosion then what is the minimum fraction
of mass that it must lose for the planet to escape to infinity?

(a) f = 1/2 (b) f = 1/4 (c) f = MP/MS (d) f = M 2p / M s2

MECHANICS 115

13. A planet is in an elliptical orbit around a star of mass M. If v is the tangential velocity of
the planet, then at the apogee (farthest distance away from the star) we have

(a) v2 − 2GM/R = 0 (b) v2 − GM/R < 0

(c) v2 − GM/R = 0 (d) v2 − GM/R > 0

14. A small asteroid is approaching a massive star with a speed 'v', from a very large distance,
at an impact parameter 'b' as shown below.

If the mass of the star is M and its radius is R, then that is the minimum value of b such
that the asteroid will miss that star?

(a) R 1 + 2GM / v 2 R (b) R 1 − 2GM / v 2 R

(c) R (d) R/2

15. An artificial satellite revolves around the earth in circular orbit, time of revolution of
satellite is T and its energy is E. If the satellite goes into other circular orbit in which its
time of revolution becomes 8T then its energy in new orbit will be comes E. Then value
of E / E is ____________

16. A planet revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit of semi-major axis 100 km.
Eccentricity of the orbit is 3 / 2. If mass of the planet is 104 kg and its time period of
revolution be  × 104 sec, then angular momentum of the planet is _______ ×1010 kg
m2/sec.

17. Suppose earth's orbit is originally circular around the sun. If mass of the sun suddenly
becomes half of its value. Earth's orbit will

(a) become elliptical (b) become parabolic

(c) become hyperbolic (d) remain circular

MECHANICS 116

18. Speed of a planet moving in elliptical orbit is doubled when it is at apogee. The
eccentricity of its orbit is 0.5. Due to increase in speed its new orbit will be

(a) parabolic (b) hyperbolic

(c) elliptical (d) circular

19. In the previous question, if speed is doubled when planet is at perigee then its new orbit
will be

(a) parabolic (b) hyperbolic

(c) elliptical (d) circular

20. A particle of mass 'm' is moving in an elliptical path of semi major axis 'a'. The force
mk 1
acting on the particle is 2
. What is time average value of
r r

1 2
(a) (b)
a a

1 2
(c) (d)
2a 3a

21. In the previous question, what is root mean square speed of the particle.

2k k
(a) (b)
a 2a

k 2k
(c) (d)
a 3a

22. If radius of earth is R, with what speed should a particle be projected from earth's surface
so that it moves in an elliptical path around the earth with earth being at the focus of
ellipse and major axis of the ellipse being equal to 12.5 R

17GM 13GM
(a) (b)
19R 15R

2GM 46GM
(c) (d)
3R 25R
MECHANICS 117

GM
23. A particle is projected vertically upward with speed where M and R are mass and
R
radius of earth. Maximum height reached by the particle is

R
(a) R (b)
2

R
(c) (d) 2R
3

24. In the previous question if the particle is thrown at an angle  with the vertical then
maximum height reached will be

(a) R (1 + cos ) (b) R (1 + sin )

R
(c) R cos  (d)
(1 − sin )

25. Two bodies of masses m and M are initially at rest distance apart. They start moving
towards each other under their gravitational attraction. When their separation becomes
'd', their velocity of approach will be

2GM 2Gm
(a) (b)
d d

2G(M + m) G(M + m)
(c) (d)
d d

26. A highly dense small object of mass 'a' equal to half of the mass of the earth starts falling
towards the earth from a height h << Re. When it has fallen through a distance h/2 its
speed will be

3gh
(a) gh (b)
2

2gh gh
(c) (d)
3 3
MECHANICS 118

27. Assume earth to be a solid sphere of uniform density. At what distance 'd' from the earth's
surface the gravity above the earth is equal to that below the surface.

(a)
( )
3 −1 R e
(b)
( 5 −1 R e )
2 2

Re Re
(c) (d)
2 3

rmax K.E.max
28. For a planet moving in an elliptical orbit is equal to 5. Value of and
rmin K.E.min
eccentricity are respectively

(a) 25 and 0.8 (b) 0.04 and 0.8

(c) 0.04 and 1.25 (d) 25 and 2/3

29. If 0 represents transverse velocity of the planet. Then in the previous question ratio of
max to min value of 0 is

(a) 5 (b) 0.2

(c) 25 (d) 0.04

30. A particle is fired upwards from the surface of a planet of mass M and radius R with

GM
velocity . Maximum height attained by the particle is:
2R

R R R 2R
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 5 3

31. The greatest and least velocities of a planet around the Sun are 1 and 2. Eccentricity of
its orbit is

1 −  2 12 −  22
(a) (b)
1 +  2 12 +  22

1 −  2 1
(c) (d)
1 +  2 2
MECHANICS 119

32. In the previous question, if semi major axis of the planet is 'a' then time period for one
revolution around the sun is

2a 2a
(a) (b)
(1 +  2 ) (1   2 )

a a
(c) (d)
(1 +  2 ) (1   2 )

33. For a particle moving under central force, which one of the following statements is always
true?

(a) r = 0 (b)  = 0

(c) 2r + r = 0 (d) r − r2 = 0

34. For a particle moving under a central force which one of the following quantities is not
constant.

(a) Total mechanical energy (b) Momentum

(c) Angular momentum (d) Areal velocity

35. A particle of mass m, moving under central force F = kr2 has angular momentum L. If
force is attractive, effective potential of the particle is minimum for

L2 2L2
(a) r = 3 (b) 5
mk mk

2L2 L2
(c) 3 (d) 5
mk mk

36. In central force motion a particle of mass 'm' has angular momentum 'L'. Areal velocity
of the particle is

L 2L
(a) (b)
m m

L 4L
(c) (d)
2m m
MECHANICS 120

1
37. According to Keppler's law for planetary motion where central force has the force F 
r2
3 3
time period of revolution is proportional to power of semimajor axis i.e.,   a 2 . If
2
force were F  r 2 then Keppler's law will be

1
(a)   a 2
(b)   a −1

−1
(c)   a 2
(d)   a

38. In the previous question if F  r n then time period of revolution is given as

(a)   a n / 2 (b)   a − n / 2

1− n 1+ n
(c)   a 2
(d)   a 2

k
39. A particle of mass 'm' moves under central force field F(r) = − ˆ If total energy of the
r.
r3
particle is E, what is speed of the particle when it is at a distance 'a' from the center of
force.

k 2E k E
(a) 2
+ (b) 2
+
ma m 2ma m

2k 2E k 2E
(c) + (d) +
ma 2 m 2ma 2
m

k
40. In the previous question if the force law were F(r) = − ˆ then speed will be
r,
r5

k 2E k E
(a) 2
+ (b) 2
+
ma m 2ma m

2k 2E k 2E
(c) + (d) +
ma 2 m 2ma 2
m
MECHANICS 121

41. Three particles each of mass 'm' revolving in a circle under their own gravitational force.
Distance of one particle from the other is 'a', what is speed of each particle

Gm 2Gm
(a) (b)
a a

3Gm Gm
(c) (d)
a 2a

42. In the previous question what is total energy of the system.

−Gm 2 −3Gm 2
(a) (b)
2a 2a

−Gm 2 −3Gm 2
(c) (d)
a a

43. Orbit of a particle moving under central force is r = 𝑎𝑛 cosn. Which of the following is
correct force law of this motion?

1 1
(a) F  (b) F  2n + 3
rn r

1
(c) F  r n (d) F  2n −1
r

k
44. A particle of mass m is moving under the central potential V(r) = − . If energy of
r
particle is zero and its angular momentum is L then its distance of nearest approach from
centre of force is

L2 L2
(a) (b)
mk 2mk

2L2 L2
(c) (d)
mk mk 2

45. The planet nearest to the sun is

(a) Pluto (b) Mercury (c) Venus (d) Uranus

MECHANICS 122

46. Which is the second largest planet of the solar system

(a) Saturn (b) Mars

(c) Venus (d) Mercury

47. The escape velocity of a projectile from the earth is approximately

(a) 7 km/sec (b) 112 km/sec

(c) 11.2 km/sec (d) 1.1 km/sec

48. The ratio of the inertial mass to gravitational mass is equal to

(a) 0.5 (b) 1

(c) 2 (d) do fixed number

49. A small satellite is revolving near earth's surface. It's orbital velocity will be nearly

(a) 8 km/sec (b) 11.2 km/sec

(c) 4 km/sec (d) 6 km/sec

50. Choose the wrong statement

(a) weight of a body is greater at the poles and less at equator

(b) weight of the body is greater in the planes and less on hill tops

(c) weight of a body on the moon is less than that on the earth and is more on sun

(d) none of the above

51. Which of the following is the evidence to show that there must be a force acting on earth
and directed towards the sun?

(a) deviation of the falling bodies towards east

(b) revolution of the earth round the sun

(c) phenomenon of day and night

(d) apparent motion sun round the earth

MECHANICS 123

52. In planetary motion

(a) the angular speed remains constant

(b) the total angular momentum remains constant

(c) the linear speed remains constant

(d) neither the angular momentum nor angular speed remains constant

53. The escape velocity of an object projected from the surface of a given planet is
independent of

(a) the mass of the object (b) the direction of projection

(c) the mass of the planet (d) radius of the planet

54. As we go from the equator to the poles, the value of g

(a) remains the same (b) decreases

(c) increases (d) decreases up to latitude of 45

55. The tidal waves in the sea are primarily due to

(a) the atmosphere effect of the earth

(b) the gravitational effect of venus on the earth

(c) the gravitational effect of the sun on the earth

(d) the gravitational effect of the moon on the earth

56. The period of a satellite in a circular orbit near a planet is independent of

(a) the mass of the planet (b) the radius of the planet

(c) the mass of the satellite (d) all the above

57. The orbital speed of Jupiter is

(a) greater than the orbital speed of earth (b) less than the orbital speed of earth

(c) equal to the orbital speed of earth (d) zero

MECHANICS 124

58. If the earth stops rotating, the value of 'g' at the equator will

(a) increase (b) remain same

(c) decrease (d) none of the above

59. The planet mercury is revolving in an elliptical orbit around the sun as shown in figure.
The kinetic energy of mercury will be greatest at

(a) A (b) B

(c) C (d D

60. If e and 0 represent the escape velocity and orbital velocity of a satellite corresponding
to a circular orbit of radius R, then

(a) e = 0 (b)  e = 2 0

( )
(c)  e = 1/ 2  0 (d) e and 0 are not related

61. The time period of a satellite in a circular orbit of radius R, is T, the period of another
satellite in a circular orbit of radius 4R is

(a) 4T (b) T/4 (c) 8T (d) T/8

62. A body starts from rest from a point distance R0 from the centre of the earth. The velocity
acquired by the body when it reaches the surface of the earth will be (R represents radius
of the earth).

1 1  
  1 1  
(a) 2GM  −  (b) 2GM  − 
 R R0  
  R R 0 


1 1  1 1 
(c) GM  −  (d) 2GM  − 
 R R0   R R0 
MECHANICS 125

63. Imagine a light planet revolving around a very massive star in a circular orbit of radius R
with a period of revolution T. If the gravitational force of attraction between the planet
and the star is proportional to R−5/2, then T2 is proportional to

(a) R3 (b) R7/2

(c) R3/2 (d) R3/75

64. A planet revolves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. The semi-major and semi-minor
axes are a and b. Then the square of time period T is directly proportional to

(a) a3 (b) b3

a+b a−b
3 3

(c)   (d)  
 2   2 

65. The figure shows the motion of a planet around the sun in an elliptical orbit with sun at
the focus. The shaded areas can be assumed to be equal. If t1 and t2 represent the time
taken for the planet to move from A to B and C to D respectively, then

(a) t1 < t2 (b) t1 > t2

(c) t1 = t2 (d) none of the above

66. A satellite is moving with a constant speed v in a circular orbit about the earth. An object
of mass m is ejected from the satellite such that it just escapes from the gravitational pull
of the earth. At the time of its ejection, the kinetic energy of the object is

1
(a) 2 𝑚𝜈 2 (b) m2

3
(c) 2 𝑚𝜈 2 (d) 2m2

67. The radius of the earth is 6400 km and g = 10 m/sec2. In order that a body of 5 kg weight
zero at the equator, the angular speed of the earth is
MECHANICS 126

(a) 1/18 radian/sec (b) 1/400 radian/sec

(c) 1/800 radian/sec (d) 1/1600 radian/sec

68. The orbital velocity of an artificial satellite in a circular orbit just above the earth's surface
is . For a satellite orbiting at an altitude of half of the earth's radius, the orbital velocity
is

3 3
(a)  (b)  
2 2

2 2
(c)   (d) 
3 3

69. A planet of mass m moves around the sun of mass M in an elliptical orbit. The maximum
and minimum distance of the planet from the sun are r1 and r2 respectively. The time-
period of the planet is proportional to

(a) r13/ 2 (b) r23/ 2

(c) (r1 + r2 )3/ 2 (d) (r1 − r2 )3/ 2

70. Four particles of equal mass M move along a circle of radius R under the action of their
mutual gravitational attraction. The speed of each particle is

 GM   2 2  GM 
(a)  R  (b)  
 R 

 GM  2 2 + 1  
(c)  
 R  4  
  (d)
 GM
( 
 R 2 2 + 1 )

71. A tunnel is dug along a diameter of the earth. The force on a particle of mass m placed in
the tunnel at a distance x from the centre is

GM e m GM e m
(a) x (b) x
R3 R2
MECHANICS 127

GM e m GM e mR 3
(c) (d)
R 3x x

72. A uniform ring of mass m and radius r is placed directly above a uniform sphere of mass
M and of equal radius. The centre of the ring is at a distance (3)r from the centre of the

sphere as shown. The gravitational force exerted by the sphere on the ring will be

GMm GMm
(a) (b)
8r 2 4r 2

3GMm GMm
(c) (d)
8r 2 8r 3

73. The earth may be regarded as a spherically shaped uniform core of density 1 surrounded
by a uniform shell of thickness h and density 2. If the value of acceleration due to gravity
is the same at surface as at depth h, the ratio 1/2 will be

3 2
(a) (b)
2 3

2 5
(c) (d)
3 2

74. If the radius of the earth were to shrink by one percent, its mass remaining the same, the
acceleration due to gravity on the earth's surface would

(a) decrease (b) remain unchanged

(c) increase (d) be zero

MECHANICS 128

75. If g is the acceleration due to gravity on the earth's surface, the gain in the potential energy
of an object of mass m raised from the surface of the earth to a height equal to the radius
R of the earth, is

1
(a) mgR (b) 2mgR
2

1
(c) mgR (d) mgR
4

76. A satellite S is moving in an elliptical orbit around the earth. The mass of the satellite is
very small compared to the mass of the earth

(a) the acceleration of S is always directed towards the centre of the earth

(b) the angular momentum of S is about the centre of the earth changes in direction, but
its magnitude remains constant

(c) the total mechanical energy of S varies periodically with time

(d) the linear momentum of S remains constant in magnitude

77. A solid sphere of uniform density and radius 4 units is located with its centre at the origin
O of coordinates. Two spheres of equal radii 1 unit, with their centres at A (−2, 0, 0) and
B(2, 0, 0) respectively, are taken out of the solid leaving behind spherical cavities as
shown in figure. Then,

(a) the gravitational field due to this object at the origin is zero

(b) the gravitational field at the point B(2, 0, 0) is zero

(c) the gravitational potential is the same at the points of circle y2 + z2 = 36

MECHANICS 129

(d) the gravitational potential is the same at all points on the circle y2 + z2 = 4

78. The magnitude of the gravitational field at distance r1 and r2 from the centre of a uniform
sphere of radius R and mass M are F1 and F2 respectively. Then

𝐹 𝑟 𝐹 𝑟2
(a) 𝐹1 = 𝑟1 if 𝑟1 < 𝑅 and 𝑟2 < 𝑅 (b) 𝐹1 = 𝑟22 if 𝑟1 > 𝑅 and 𝑟2 > 𝑅
2 2 2 1

𝐹 𝑟3 𝐹 𝑟2
(c) 𝐹1 = 𝑟23 if 𝑟1 < 𝑅 and 𝑟2 < 𝑅 (d) 𝐹1 = 𝑟22 if 𝑟1 < 𝑅 and 𝑟2 < 𝑅
2 1 2 1

79. A comet of mass m is moving in parabolic orbit around the sun of mass M. The closest
distance between the sun and comet is b. If angular momentum of comet is 2GMb then
its energy is

GMm GMm
(a) − (b) −
2b b

GMm
(c) − (d) zero
2b

80. A satellite moves around a planet in a circular orbit a distance R from its centre. The time
period of revolution of the satellite is T. If the same satellite is taken to an orbit or radius
4R around the same planet, the time period would be

(a) 8T (b) 4T

(c) T/4 (d) T/8

81. A satellite is moving with a constant speed V in a circular orbit about the earth. An object
of mass m is ejected from the satellite such that it just escapes from the gravitational pull
of the earth. At the time of its ejection, the kinetic energy of the object is

1
(a) 2 𝑚𝑉 2 (b) mV2

3
(c) 2 𝑚𝑉 2 (d) 2mV2

82. A binary star is composed of two stars that orbit around their centre of mass under the
influence of gravity. Consider such a system in which the two starts have identical mass.
In the centre of mass frame, each star moves in a circular orbit with a speed of 200 km/s.
If the orbital period is 15 days, what is the approximate mass of each start?
MECHANICS 130

(a) 1032kg (b) 1030kg (c) 1034kg (d) 1028kg (e) 1026kg

83. An asteroid is moving towards a planet of mass M and radius R. When asteroid is far
from the planet its speed is 0 and impact parameter is 2R. What is minimum value of 0
so that asteroid doesn't hit the planet.

𝐺𝑀 2𝐺𝑀
(a) √ 𝑅 (b) √ 3𝑅

3𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑀
(c) √ 2𝑅 (d) √ 2𝑅

𝑘
84. For 𝐹 = 𝑟𝑛 equation of orbit of a particle is

r = a (1 + cos)

What is value of n?

(a) 2 (b) 3

(c) 4 (d) 5

𝑘
85. A particle of mass m is moving under the central potential 𝑉(𝑟) = − 𝑟 . If energy of particle
is zero and its angular momentum is L then its distance of nearest approach from centre
of force is

𝐿2 𝐿2
(a) 𝑚𝑘 (b) 2𝑚𝑘

2𝐿2 𝐿2
(c) 𝑚𝑘 (d) 𝑚𝑘 2

86. If g is the acceleration due to gravity on the earth's surface, the gain in the potential energy
of an object of mass m raised from the surface of the earth to a height equal to the radius
R of the earth, is

1
(a) 2 𝑚𝑔𝑅 (b) 2mgR
MECHANICS 131

1
(c) mgR (d) 4 𝑚𝑔𝑅

87. Imagine a light planet revolving around a very massive star in a circular orbit of radius R
with a period of revolution T. If the gravitational force of attraction between the planet
and the star is proportional to R−5/2, then

(a) T2 is proportional to R2 (b) T2 is proportional to R7/2

(c) T2 is proportional to R3/2 (d) T2 is proportional to R3.75

88. If the distance between the earth and the sun were half its present value, the number of
days in a year would have been

(a) 64.5 (b) 129

(c) 182.5 (d) 730

89. A simple pendulum has a time T1 when on the earth's surface and T2 when taken to a
height R above the earth's surface, where R is the radius of the earth. The value of T2/T1.

(a) 1 (b) √2 (c) 4 (d) 2

90. A geostationary satellite orbits around the earth in a circular orbit of radius 36,000 km.
Then the time period of a spy satellite orbiting a few hundred km above the earth's surface
(Re = 6400 km) will approximately be

(a) 1/2 h (b) 1 h

(c) 2 h (d) 4 h

91. A double star system consists of two stars A and B which have time periods T A and TB.
Radius RA and RB and mass MA and MB. Choose the correct option

(a) If TA > TB then RA > RB (b) If TA > TB then MA > MB

𝑇 2 𝑅 3
(c) (𝑇𝐴 ) = (𝑅𝐴 ) (d) TA = TB
𝐵 𝐵
MECHANICS 132

92. A spherically symmetric gravitational system of particle has a mass density

𝜌 for 𝑟 ≤ 𝑅
𝜌={ 0 where 0 is a constant. A test mass can undergo circular motion
0 for 𝑟 > 𝑅
under the influence of the gravitational field of particles. Its speed  as a function of
distance r from the centre of the system is represented by
MECHANICS 133

ANSWER KEYS

1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10.
(b,d)

11. (7) 12. ( ) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. ( ) 16. (1) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (a)

21. (c) 22. ( ) 23. (a) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. ( ) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. ( )

31. (a) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. ( ) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40.
(d)

41. (a) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44.(b) 45. (b) 46. (a) 47.(d) 48.(b) 49. (a) 50. (d)

51. (b) 52. (b) 53. 54. (c) 55. (d) 56. (c) 57. (b) 58. (a) 59. (a) 60.
(a,b) (b)

61. (c) 62. (b) 63. (b) 64. (a) 65. (c) 66. (b) 67. (c) 68. (c) 69. (c) 70. (c)

71. (a) 72. (c) 73. (a) 74. (c) 75. (a) 76. (a) 77. 78. 79. (d) 80. ( )
(a,c,d) (a,b)

81. (b) 82. ( ) 83. (b) 84. (c) 85. (b) 86. (a) 87. (b) 88. 89. (d) 90. (c)
(d)

91. (d) 92. (c)

MECHANICS 134

NON-INERTIAL FRAMES

1. A person in a lift is holding a water jar, which has a small hole at the lower end of its
side. When the lift is at rest, the water jet coming out of the hole hits the floor of the lift
at a distance of 1.2 m from the person. In the following, state the lift's motion is given in
List-I and the distance where the water jet hits the floor of the lift is given in List-II.
Match the statements from List-I with those in List-II and select the correct answer using
the code given below the list.

List-I List-II

(P) Lift is accelerating vertically up (1) d = 1.2 m

(Q) Lift is accelerating vertically down with an

acceleration less than the gravitational acceleration (2) d > 1.2 m

(R) Lift is moving vertically up with constant speed (3) d < 1.2 m

(S) Lift is falling freely (4) no water leaks out of the jar

(a) P-2, Q-3, R-2, S-4 (b) P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-4

(c) P-1, Q-1, R-1, S-1 (d) P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-1

2. A rocket is moving in a gravity free space with a constant acceleration of ms −2 along +x

direction (see figure). The length of a chamber inside the rocket is 4 m. A ball is thrown
from the left end of the chamber in x-direction with a speed of 0.2 ms−1 from its right end
relative to the rocket. The time in seconds when the two balls hits each other is

3. Consider a disc rotating in the horizontal plane with a constant angular speed  about its
center O The disc has a shaded region on one side of the diameter and an unshaded region
on the other side as shown in the figure. When the disc is in the orientation as shown, two
pebbles P and Q are simultaneously projected at an angle towards R. The velocity of
projection is in the y-z plane and is same for both pebbles with respect to the disc. Assume
MECHANICS 135

1
that (i) they land back on the disc before the disc has completed rotation, (ii) their
8
range is less than half the disc radius, and (iii)  remains constant throughout. Then

(a) P lands in the shaded region and Q in the unshaded region

(b) P lands in the unshaded region and Q in the shaded region

(c) both P and Q land in the unshaded region

(d) both P and Q land in the shaded region

4. A thin uniform rod, pivoted at O, is rotating in the horizontal plane with constant angular
speed , as shown in the figure. At time t = 0, a small insect starts O and moves with
constant speed  with respect to the rod towards the other end. It reaches the end of the
rod at t = T and stops. The angular speed of the system remains  throughout. The
magnitude of the torque ( |  | ) on the system about O, as a function of time is best
represented by which plot?
MECHANICS 136

5. A train is moving along a straight line with a constant acceleration 'a'. A boy standing in
the train throws a ball forward with a speed of 10 m/s, at an angle of 60 to the horizontal.
The boy has to move forward by 1.15 m inside the train to catch the ball at the initial
height. The acceleration of the train, in m/s2, is ___________

6. A container carrying water is subjected to an acceleration a to the right as shown in the

figure below.

The angle  made by the surface of water with respect to the horizontal is given by

(a) cot −1 (a / g) (b) sin −1 (a / g)

(c) cos−1 (a / g) (d) tan −1 (a / g)

7. An observer O is at the origin of an inertial frame of reference I and rotating with angular
velocity ẑ relative to it. A satellite of mass M is in a circular orbit of radius R about the
origin with angular velocity −ẑ as seen from I. The total force Mr on the satellite in
O's rest frame is

(a) M2 Rrˆ (b) −M2 Rrˆ

(c) 4M2 Rrˆ (d) −4M2 Rrˆ

8. A person standing on a rotating disc sees that everything around him is rotating which of
the following statements given by the person is correct.

(a) Both coriolis and centrifugal forces on all objects are radially outward

(b) Both coriolis and centrifugal forces on all objects are radially inward

(c) On all objects coriolis force is radially inward and centrifugal force is radially outward

(d) Centrifugal force and coriolis force are equal in magnitude but opposite direction
MECHANICS 137

9. A particle of mass m is lying on earth's surface at a location where latitude is . If  be

angular velocity of earth's spinning motion and R be the radius of the earth then,
centrifugal force on the particle is

(a) m2Rsin (b) M2Rcos

(c) 2m2Rsin (d) 2m2Rcos

10. In the previous question if the particle starts moving along the latitude from east to west
with constant speed 0, coriolis force on the particle will be (magnitude)

(a) 2m0 (b) 2m0cos

(c) 2m0sin (d) 2m0sincos

11. A stone is dropped from a height 100m at equator. What is east-ward deviation of the
particle (approximately)

(a) 3.15 cm (b) 2.17 cm

(c) 1.08 cm (d0 2.73 cm

12. In the previous question if the location is at latitude 60 in northern hemisphere, then
eastward deviation will be

(a) 3.15 cm (b) 2.17 cm

(c) 1.08 cm (d) 2.73 cm

13. If  be angular velocity of the earth's spinning motion and R be the radius of the earth,
with what speed should a train move along equator so that magnitude of centrifugal and
coriolis forces and acting on the train become equal.

R
(a) R (b)
2

2 R
(c) 2R (d)
3
MECHANICS 138

14. Particle of mass 2kg is moving in north east direct on earth's surface at a location where
latitude is 45 N. Find magnitude of coriolis force experience by the particle if its speed
is 200 m/s.

(a) 0.05 N (b) 0.5 N

(c) 5 N (d) 0.25 N

15. A stone is thrown in meridian plane at an angle  with the horizontal. If 0 is its speed
and m is mass of the stone, what is coriolis force on the stone at the moment it is thrown.
Latitude of location is .

(a) 2m0sin (−) (b) 2m0sin (+)

(c) 2m0cos (−) (d) 2m0cos (+)

16. Angular velocity of a frame is  = (2iˆ + 3j)

ˆ rad/s. A particle of mass 2kg lies at a point

whose co-ordinate in lab frame is (3, 4, 0). What is centrifugal force on the mass as seen
by a person standing on the rotating frame.

(a) 2 13N (b) 2 5N

(c) 2 7N (d) 2 3N

17. A body of mass m starts sliding down from top of a smooth sphere of radius R. The sphere
rotates with a constant angular velocity  about a vertical axis passing through its center.
What is the centrifugal force acting on the body at the moment it breaks off the surface
as seen from the frame fixed to the sphere.

2
(a) zero (b) m2 R
3

5
(c) m2 R (d) 2m2 R
3
MECHANICS 139

18. In the previous question what is coriolis force on the body as seen from the frame fixed
to the sphere at that moment.

5
(a) zero (b) m2 R
3

2 2 8g
(c) m2 R (d) m2 R 5 + 2
3 3 3 R

19. A thin rod is rotating with uniform angular velocity  about its one end. A bead of mass
m slides along the length of rod with constant speed 0 as shown in the figure. If there is
no gravity in the space, what is coefficient of friction between the bead and the rod

r r
(a) (b)
0 2 0

0 2 0
(c) (d)
r r

20. A horizontal circular platform rotates with a constant angular velocity  directed
vertically upwards. A person seated at the centre shoots a bullet of mass 'm' horizontally
with speed 'v'. The acceleration of the bullet, in the reference frame of the shooter, just
after shooting is

(a) 2v to his right (b) 2v his left

(c) v to his right (d) v to his left

21. The motion of a particle of mass m is described in a non-inertial frame of reference that
is rotating with a uniform angular velocity . If r denotes the position of the particle in
the non-inertial frame

(a) The centrifugal force on the particle is −m2 r

(b) The centrifugal force on the particle is −m ( r)

 dr 
(c) The coriolis force on the particle is −m   
 dt 

(d) The coriolis force on the particle −2m2 r

MECHANICS 140

22. A thin tube of length 2l is rotated about a perpendicular axis through its centre with
constant angular velocity . A particle of mass m is thrown inside the tube with initial
velocity v0 with respect to the tube. If gravity and friction is neglected then which of the
following statements is/are correct?

(a) Speed of bead at centre is

(b) Normal reaction on bead at centre is

(c) Net pseudo force on bead in the reference frame of rod when it is near end is

(d) Normal reaction on bead first decreases then increases

23. A circular disc of radius R rotates anticlockwise about its axis with uniform angular
velocity . Two particle P, and Q move along the edge of the disc with a velocity R
relative to the disc. If P moves anticlockwise and Q moves clockwise, then ratio of net
inertial (pseudo) forces on P to Q as seen from the disc is ______.

24. At latitude of 45 value of acceleration due to gravity decreases due to rotation by an
amount equal to

(a) 0.017 m/s2 (b) 0.034 m/s2

(c) 0.049 m/s2 (d) 0.008 m/s2

25. A particle of mass 'm' is moving with velocity  î with respect to lab frame. An observer

is standing on a frame which is rotating with angular velocity k̂ about origin. If (d, 0,
0) be coordinate of particle at some instant of time coriolis force on the particle as seen
by the observer is

(a) −2mj (b) −2m( + d)ˆj

(c) −2m(−ˆj + di)

ˆ (d) −2m(ˆj − di)
ˆ

26. A particle of mass m is moving along a circle x2 + y2 = R2 with constant angular speed 
in anticlockwise sense. An observer is standing on a rotating frame, which has angular
velocity 0 about z axis in clock-wise sense. All velocities are given with respect to lab
frame. Coriolis force on the particle as seen from rotating frame is
MECHANICS 141

(a) 2m(+ 0 )R (b) 2m(+ 0 )0 R

(c) 2m(− 0 )R (d) 2m(− 0 )0 R

27. Two frames s1 and s2 are rotating with angular velocities 1 = k̂ and 2 = 2kˆ
respectively about a point O. A particle of mass m is lying on frame s1 at a distance R
from 'O'. Coriolis force on the mass as seen from s2 is

(a) zero (b) 2m2R

(c) 3m2R (d) 12m2R

28. A circular disc of radius 1m is rotating in anticlockwise sense with angular velocity 2
rad/sec. An insect of mass 0.25 kg is crawling along the edge of the disc with constant
speed 1 m/s relative to the disc and in clockwise sense. Net force on the insect is___.

29. A particle is moving on earth surface with constant speed Coriolis force on the particle is
maximum at

(a) equator if velocity is eastward or westward

(b) equator if velocity is northward or southward

(c) poles

(d) any latitude if velocity is east or westward

30. A smooth thin wire is rotated about vertical axis as shown in figure. A bead is released
from the position shown in figure with zero initial velocity with respect to the wire. Speed
of the bead with respect to the wire. When it has moved half way down is (g = 10 m/s2)

(a) 2 m/s (b) 12 m / s

(c) 24 m / s (d) 6 m/s

MECHANICS 142

31. A girl measures the period of simple pendulum inside a stationary lift and finds it to be T
seconds. If the lift accelerates upwards with an acceleration g/4, then the period of the
pendulum will be

(a) T (b) T/4

(c) 2𝑇/√5 (d) 2𝑇√5

32. A small mass M hangs from a thin string and can swing like a pendulum. It is attached
above the window of a car. When the car is at rest, the string hang vertically. The angle
made by the string with the vertical when the car has a constant acceleration a = 1.2 m/s2
is approximately

(a) 1 (b) 7

(c) 15 (d) 90

33. The period of a simple pendulum inside a stationary lift is T. If the lift accelerates
downwards with and acceleration g/4, the period of the pendulum will be

(a) T (b) T/4

(c) 2𝑇/√3 (d) 2𝑇/√5

34. Consider the motion of the Sun with respect to the rotation of the Earth about its axis. If
𝐹⃗𝑐 and 𝐹⃗𝐶0 denote the centrifugal and the Coriolis forces, respectively, acting on the Sun,
then

(a) 𝐹⃗𝑐 is radially outward and 𝐹⃗𝐶0 = 𝐹⃗𝑐 (b) 𝐹⃗𝑐 is radially inwards and 𝐹⃗𝐶0 = −2𝐹⃗𝑐

(c) 𝐹⃗𝑐 is radially outwards and 𝐹⃗𝐶0 = −2𝐹⃗𝑐 (d) 𝐹⃗𝑐 is radially outward and 𝐹⃗𝐶0 = 2𝐹⃗𝑐
MECHANICS 143

35. Consider a smooth slot along a diameter of a disc of radius R rotating counter-clockwise
with a constant angular speed  about its vertical axis through its center. We assign a
coordinate system with the origin at the centre of the disc, the x-axis along the slot, the
⃗⃗ = 𝜔𝑘⃗⃗ ). A small
y-axis perpendicular to the slot and the z-axis along the rotation axis (𝜔
𝑅
block of mass m is gently placed in the slot at 𝑟⃗ = (2 ) 𝑖̂ at t = 0 and is constrained to move
only along the slot. The distance r of the block at time t is

𝑅 𝑅
(a) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡 (b) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡

𝑅 𝑅
(c) 4 (𝑒 𝜔𝑡 + 𝑒 −𝜔𝑡 ) (d) 4 (𝑒 2𝜔𝑡 + 𝑒 −2𝜔𝑡 )

36. In the above question, the net reaction of the disc on the block is

1
(a) 𝑚𝜔2 𝑅 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡𝑗̂ − 𝑚𝑔𝑘̂ (b) 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝑅(𝑒 𝜔𝑡 − 𝑒 −𝜔𝑡 )𝑗̂ + 𝑚𝑔𝑘̂

1
(c) 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝑅(𝑒 2𝜔𝑡 − 𝑒 −2𝜔𝑡 ) + 𝑚𝑔𝑘̂ (d) −𝑚𝜔2 𝑅 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡𝑗̂ − 𝑚𝑔𝑘̂

37. An inclined plane is rotating around a pole with angular

speed  as shown in the figure below. A block of mass
M is sliding down the plane. At what distance 's' along
the plane does it fly off the surface

𝑔 𝜔2
(a) 𝑠 = 𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 (b) 𝑠 = 𝑔
𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃

𝑔 𝑔
(c) 𝑠 = 𝜔2 cosec𝜃 (d) 𝑠 = 𝜔2 tan𝜃
MECHANICS 144

38. A disc of radius R is rotating clockwise with angular speed . An insect of mass m crawls
along the circumference in anticlockwise sense with a speed 0 relative to the disc. What
is centrifugal

(a) m2R radially outward (b) m2R radially inward

(c) m2R tangential

(d) m2R parallel to the axis of rotation of disc

39. In the previous question coriolis force on the disc is

(a) 2m0 radially outward (b) 2m0 radially inward

(c) 2m0 tangential (d) 2m0 parallel to the axis of rotation

40. A thin rod is rotating with uniform angular velocity  about its one end. A bead of mass
m slides along the length of rod with constant speed 0 as shown in the figure. If there is
no gravity in the space, what is normal reaction between the bead and the rod.

(a) zero (b) m2r

(c) 2m0 (d) mg

41. In the previous question what is friction force on the bead at the instant its distance from
the axis of rotation is r.

(a) 2m0 (b) zero (c) m2r (d) None of these

42. A circular disc is rotating about its axis with uniform angular velocity . There is a groove
along a chord of the disc. An insect starts crawling along the groove. If the insect starts
at t = 0 from the middle point, and moves with constant speed 0 w.r.t. the disc. What is
centrifugal force on the insect at time t.
MECHANICS 145

(a) m2d (b) m20t

(c) m2 (d + 0t) (d) 𝑚𝜔2 √𝑑2 + 𝑣02 𝑡 2

43. The time period of a simple pendulum under the influence of the acceleration due to
gravity g is T. The bob is subjected to an additional acceleration of magnitude √3𝑔 in the
horizontal direction. Assuming small oscillations, the mean position and time period of
oscillation, respectively, of the bob will be

(a) 0 to the vertical and √3𝑇 (b) 30 to the vertical and T/2

(c) 60 to the vertical and T/√2 (d) 0 to the vertical and T/√3
MECHANICS 146

ANSWER KEYS

1. (c) 2. (2 3. 4. (b) 5. (5) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a)

or 8) (c,d)

11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (a)

21. (b) 22. 23. (3) 24. (a) 25. (d) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (0) 29. 30. (c)
(all) (a,c,d)

31. (d) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (c)

41. (c) 42. (d) 43. (c)

MECHANICS 147

VARIABLE MASS PROBLEMS

1. A spaceship of mass M enters a stationary dust cloud of mass density  with speed v0
(<< c) at time t = 0. If the dust particles are assumed to stick to the face of the spaceship
of area A, its speed at a later time t is

−1/ 4 −1/ 2
 2Av0 t   2Av0 t 
(a) v0 1 +  (b) v0 1 + 
 M   M 

2 Av0 t
v0 M
(c) (d) v 0 e
 2Av0 t 
1 + 
 M 

 1
2. A particle is at rest. At t = 0 a force F = F0 1 −  beings to act on it. As the particle
 
2
 1
moves its mass varies with time as m = m0 1 −  . Speed of the particle after time
 

t= becomes
2

F0 F0
(a)  (b) 2
m0 m0

3 F0 F0
(c) (d) 
2 m0 2m 0

3. A trolly moves with constant speed . If sand falls on it from vertically upward direction
at a constant rate b. Then force required to maintain its speed is

(a) 2b (b) b

b
(c) (d) 0
2

4. In previous question if trolly is loaded with sand and sand falls in vertically downward
direction then force required to maintain its speed is

(a) 2b (b) b

MECHANICS 148

b
(c) (d) 0
2

5. A stream of water of linear mass density  strikes a wall with speed  and rebounds with
same speed  force on wall is

(a) 2 (b) 22

(c) 2 (d) 0

6. A freight car of mass mc contains a mass ms of sand at t = 0 a constant horizontal force

of magnitude F is applied and at the same time a part in the bottom is opened to let sand
dm s
flow out at constant rate = b. Speed when all the sand is gone is
dt

F mc F  ms 
(a) (b) 1 + 
b m c + ms b  mc 

F m c + ms  F ms 
(c) 1n +  (d) 1n − 
b mc  b mc 

7. A chain of mass M and length L is hanging vertically over a table with its lowest point
touching the surface of the table. It is released and it falls on the table completely
inelastically. How much time does it take for the chain to fall completely on the table

(a) L/g (b) 2L/g

(c) √𝐿/𝑔 (d) √2𝐿/𝑔

8. A vertical tunnel is dug up through Earth passing through the centre as shown in the figure
below.
MECHANICS 149

A particle of mass m is thrown inside the tunnel. How should the density vary with radius
R inside the Earth if the particle executes perfect simple harmonic motion?

(a) (R)  1/R (b) (R) = constant

(c) (R) = constant or (R)  1/R2 (d) (R)  1/R2

9. An empty freight car of mass m0 is at rest at t = 0 a force F begins to act on it and at the
same time sand starts falling on it at a constant rate b from above speed of the car after
time t is

𝐹𝑡 𝐹𝑡
(a) 𝑚 (b) 𝑚
0 0 +𝑀

𝐹 𝑚0 𝐹 𝑏𝑡
(c) 𝑏 (1 + 𝑏𝑡
) (d) 𝑏 (1 + 𝑚 )
0
MECHANICS 150

ANSWER KEYS

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (b)

MECHANICS 151

MOMENT OF INERTIA TENSOR

1. The moment of inertia of a uniform sphere of radius 'r' about an axis passing through its
2  4 5 
centre is given by  r   . A rigid sphere of uniform mass density  and radius R has
5 3 
two smaller spheres of radius R/2 hollowed out of it, as shown in the figure. The moment
of inertia of the resulting body about the Y axis is

R 5 5R 5
(a) (b)
4 12

7 R 5 3R 5
(c) (d)
12 4

2. A rigid body is rotating about its centre of mass, fixed at the origin, with an angular
velocity  and angular acceleration . If the torque acting on it is  and its angular
momentum is L, the rate of change of its kinetic energy is

1 1
(a) r  (b) L
2 2

1 1
(c) (    + L  ) (d) L
2 2

 8 0 −4 
3.
 
The moment of inertia tensor of a rigid body is given by I =  0 4 0  . The
 −4 0 8 
 

1 3 
magnitude of the moment of inertia about an axis n̂ =  , , 0  is:
2 2 

(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 2 (d) 8/3

4. A heavy symmetrical top is rotating about its own axis of symmetry (the z-axis). If I1, I2
and I3 are the principal moments of inertia along x, y and z axes respectively, then

(a) I2 = I3; I1  I2 (b) I1 = I3; I1  I2

(c) I1 = I2; I1  I3 (d) I1  I2  I3

MECHANICS 152

5. Two uniform thin rods of equal length L, and masses M1 and M2 are joined together along
the length. The moment of inertia of the combined rod of length 2L about an axis passing
through the mid-point perpendicular to the length of the rod is,

L2 L2
(a) (M1 + M 2 ) (b) (M1 + M 2 )
12 6

L2 L2
(c) (M1 + M 2 ) (d) (M1 + M 2 )
3 2

6. The densities of two solid spheres A and B of the same radii R vary with radial distance
5
r r
r as A = k   and B = k   , respectively, where k is constant. The moments of
R R
inertia of the individual spheres about axes passing through their centres are IA and IB,
IB n
respectively. If = , the value of n is _____________
I A 10

7. An object is made from a thin wire and is shaped like a square with a side length L and a
total mass M. What is the moment of inertia of this object around an axis that passes
through the centre of the square and is perpendicular to it?

7 1
(a) ML2 (b) ML2
6 3

4 16
(c) ML2 (d) ML2
3 3

8. A straight rod of length 'a' is made of an unusual material having mass per unit length
(x) = |x|, where x is measured from the centre of the rod. The moment of inertia about
an axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through one end of the rod is given by

a 4 3a 4
(a) (b)
16 16

a 4 3a 4
(c) (d)
32 32
MECHANICS 153

9. The ratio of the radii of gyration of a circular disc and a circular ring of the same mass
and radius about a tangential axis parallel to their planes is

(a) 6 : 5 (b) 1 : 2

(c) 5 : 6 (d) 5: 6

10. The ratio of the radii of gyration of a spherical shell and a solid sphere of the same mass
and radius about a tangential axis is

(a) 3: 7 (b) 5: 6

(c) 25 : 21 (d) 21 : 25

11. The radius of gyration of a uniform disc about a line perpendicular to the disc equals its
radius R. The distance of the line from the centre of the disc is

(a) R (b) R 2

R R
(c) (d)
2 2

12. The radius of gyration of a uniform thin spherical shall of radius R about an axis tangent
to the shell is

2 3
(a) R (b) R
3 5

5 3
(c) R (d) R
3 2

13. From a uniform square plate of side 'a' and mass m, a square portion DEFG of side a/2 is
removed. Then, the moment of inertia of remaining portion about the axis AB is
MECHANICS 154

7ma 2 3ma 2
(a) (b)
16 16

5ma 2 9ma 2
(c) (d)
16 16

14. The moment of inertia of a hollow cylinder of mass M and inner radius R 1 and outer
radius R2 abouts its central axis is

1 1
(a) M(R 22 − R 12 ) (b) M(R 22 + R 12 )
2 2

1
(c) M(R 22 − R12 ) (d) M(R 2 − R1 ) 2
2

15. A flywheel rotates about an axis. Due to friction at the axis, it experiences an angular
retardation proportional to its angular velocity. If its angular velocity falls to half while it
makes n rotations, how many more rotations will make before coming to rest?

(a) 2n (b) n

(c) n/2 (d) n/3

16. Three identical rods, each of length l, are joined to from a rigid equilateral triangle. Its
radius of gyration about an axis passing through a corner and perpendicular to the plane
of the triangle is

3
(a) / 2 (b)
2

(c) (d)
2 3

17. Linear mass density of a thin rod of length 2L varies with distance from its centre as
 = 0 | x | . Moment of inertia of the rod about a perpendicular axis through its centre is

 0 L4 3 0 L4
(a) (b)
2 4

3 0 L4  0 L4
(c) (d)
2 4
MECHANICS 155

18. A square is made by joining four thin rods of length L and mass M. Moment of inertia of
square about one of its diagonals is

4 2
(a) ML2 (b) ML2
3 3

ML2 ML2
(c) (d)
2 3

19. A circular disc (of mass M and radius R) rolls on a rough horizontal surface. Moment of
inertia of disc about an instantaneous axis through point of contact and perpendicular to
plane of disc is

MR 2 MR 2
(a) (b)
2 4

5MR 2 3MR 2
(c) (d)
4 2

20. For given volume of a solid uniform cylinder, what should be ratio of length and radius
of cylinder so that moment of inertia of cylinder about an axis perpendicular to its length
and passing through its centre is minimum.

3
(a) 2 :1 (b) 1: 2 (c) (d) 2 : 1
2

21. A dumbell consists of two solid sphere of equal masses M

and radii R connected by a light rod of length L. Moment
of inertia of system about a perpendicular axis through the
centre of rod is

2  1 5 L  
2
2  1 3 L  
2

(a) MR 7 + +   
2
(b) MR 5 + +   
2

5  R 4  R   5  R 4  R  

2  L 5  L 2  2  L 3 L  
2

(c) MR 2 3 + +    (d) MR 2 7 + +   
5  R 4  R   5  R 4  R  
MECHANICS 156

22. Moment of inertia of a solid cube about an axis perpendicular to its face and passing
through its centre is [Mass of cube = M, side length = a]

Ma 2 Ma 2
(a) (b)
12 6

Ma 2 Ma 2
(c) (d)
3 4

23. A circular disc of radius R and thickness R/6 has moment of inertia I about its
perpendicular axis through centre. The disc is melted and recasted into a sphere M.I. of
sphere about its axis is

(a) I/2 (b) I/5

(c) I/6 (d) I/7

24. Two right circular solid cones have same base radius. Ratio of their height is 2:3. If the
two cones have uniform density and their masses are equal, then ratio of moment of
inertia about a their axes axis.

(a) 2:3 (b) 3:2

(c) 9:4 (d) 1:1

25. A thick hollow sphere of mass 'M' has inner and outer radii R1 and R2. Moment of inertia
of sphere about its diameter is

1 2
(a) M(R12 + R 22 ) (b) M(R12 + R 22 )
5 3

1 2  R 52 − R15 
(c) M(R12 + R 22 ) (d) M  3 
3 5  R 2 − R13 
MECHANICS 157

26. In the figure a thin hemisphere shall of mass M and radius R is kept on x-y plane with its
centre at origin. Moment of inertia of shell about x and z axes are respectively.

5 2 5 1
(a) MR 2 , MR 2 (b) MR 2 , MR 2
12 3 12 3

2 2 1 1
(c) MR 2 , MR 2 (d) MR 2 , MR 2
3 3 3 3

27. A semicircular disc of radius R and mass M is kept in x-y plane as shown in figure. The
product of inertia Ixy is:

2Ma 2 4Ma 2
(a) − (b) −
3 3

4 Ma 2 2 Ma 2
(c) − (d) −
3  3 

28. A plate shaped as a quadrant of an ellipse is lying in x-y plane as shown in figure. Volume
of Ixy is:

Mab Mab
(a) − (b) −
2 

Mab Mab
(c) − (d) −
4 6
MECHANICS 158

29. A rod has moment of inertia I0 about an axis perpendicular to it and passing through its
centre. If linear mass density is halved and length is doubled, the moment of inertia now
will be

(a) 2I0 (b) 4I0

(c) 10/2 (d) 10/4

30. M.I. of a disc of mass M and radius R is MR2 about an axis perpendicular to its surface.
What is distance of the axis from centre of the disc?

R 3R
(a) (b)
2 2

R R
(c) (d)
2 4

31. A disc of radius R and mass M is fixed rigidly at the end of a rod of same mass and length
l = 3R. The rod is pivoted at the other end and is rotating on a frictionless horizontal table
with angular velocity  such that the plane of the disc is parallel to the table. Angular
momentum of the system about the pivot is

7
(a) 4MR 2 (b) MR 2 
2

25 19
(c) MR 2  (d) MR 2 
2 2

32. A solid cylinder of mass M and radius R has volume mass density  = r where r=
distance from axis of cylinder. M.I. about its axis is

3 2MR 2
(a) MR 2 (b)
5 5

3MR 2 5MR 2
(c) (d)
7 6
MECHANICS 159

33. EFGH is a thin square plate of uniform density  and side 4a. Four point masses, each of
mass m, are placed on the plate as shown in the figure. In the moment of inertia matrix. I
of the composite system,

(a) only Ixy is zero

(b) only Ixy and Iyz are zero

(c) all the product of inertia terms are zero

(d) None

34. Four thin rods each of mass M and length l are joined together to form a square loop. M.I.
of the loop about its axis is (axis is ⊥ to plane through centre)

ML2 ML2
(a) (b)
3 4

4ML2 3ML2
(c) (d)
3 4

35. What is M.I. of the loop in previous question about its diagonal.

ML2 2
(a) (b) ML2
6 3

ML2 ML2
(c) (d)
3 4

36. A thin wire of length L and mass M is bent to form a circular loop. M.I. of the loop about
a tangent perpendicular to its plane is

ML2 ML2
(a) (b)
42 22

3ML2 3ML2
(c) (d)
22 42
MECHANICS 160

37. We have two spheres, one of which is hollow and the other is solid. The two equal masses
and equal moment of inertia about their diameters, ratio of their radii is (hollow to solid)

(a) 5 : 7 (b) 3 : 5 (c) 3: 5 (d) 3: 7

38. In the figure a circular disc or radius R is shown. If surface mass

density of the disc at any point (r, ) is Kr2 sin2 where K is
constant. Then

(a) Neither x nor y axes shown in figure are principal axes

(b) x is principal axis but y is not (c) y is principal axis but x is not

KR 6
(d) I yy =
24

39. For the system of particles shown in the figure which of the
following statements is/are correct?

(a) Ixy = −ma2 (b) Izz = 4ma2

1 ˆ ˆ
(c) n̂ = (−i + j) represents a principal axis
2

(d) x, y axes shown in the figure are not principal axes

40. A solid sphere rolls on a horizontal surface with constant speed. Ratio of rotational kinetic
energy and total K.E. is

2 5
(a) (b)
7 7

10 1
(c) (d)
7 2

41. In previous question, ratio of angular momentum of the sphere about a point on its path
to its rotational angular momentum is

7 2 7 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 5 2 7
MECHANICS 161

42. A right circular cone has mass M, radius R, and height h. Moment of inertia of cone about
a diameter of its base is

M M
(a) (3R 2 + 2h 2 ) (b) (3h 2 + 2R 2 )
20 20

M M
(c) (3R 2 + 2h 2 ) (d) (3h 2 + 2R 2 )
10 10

43. A lamina is made by removing a small disc of diameter 2R

from a bigger disc of uniform mass density and radius 2R, as
shown in the figure. The moment of inertia of this lamina
about axes passing through O and P is IO and Ip, respectively.
Both these axes are perpendicular to the plane of the lamina.
Ip
The ratio to the nearest integer is ________
IO

44. A thin wire of length L and uniform linear mass density  is bent into a circular loop with
centre at O as shown. The moment of inertia of the loop about the axis XX' is:

L3 L3
(a) (b)
82 162

5L3 3L3
(c) (d)
162 82

45. Two particles of masses m1 and m2 are d distance apart. Moment of inertia of system
about an axis which is perpendicular to line joining them is maximum. Distance of the
line is

m1d m2d
(a) from m1 (b) from m 2
m1 + m 2 m1 + m 2

m2d d
(c) from m1 (d) from m1
m1 + m 2 2
MECHANICS 162

46. A uniform circular disc of mass 1 kg and radius 1 meter is rotating with angular speed 2
rad/sec about axis through its center and perpendicular to its plane. Angular momentum
of disc about a parallel axis through a point on its periphery is _____ kgm2/sec.

47. A uniform plate of side 1 cm lies in x-y plane. Diagonals of the plate are along the straight
lines y = x + 1 and y = −x + 3. If moment of inertia of the plate about z-axis be 62 gm
cm2 then mass of square plate is _________ gm.

48. Moment of inertia of a cube is maximum about

(a) body diagonal (b) face diagonal

(c) edge

(d) an axis perpendicular to face and passing through its centre

49. Two circular discs A and B of equal mass and thickness but made of metals with densities
dA and dB (dA > dB). If their moments of inertia about an axis passing through the center
and normal to the circular faces be IA and IB, then

(a) IA = IB (b IA > IB

(c) IA < IB (d) IA  IB

50. Two masses, m each, are placed at the points (x, y) = (a, a) and (−a, −a) and two masses,
2 m each, are placed at the points (a, −a) and (−a, a). The principal moments of inertia of
the system are

(a) 2ma2, 4ma2 (b) 4ma2, 8ma2

(c) 4ma2, 4ma2 (d) 8ma2, 8ma2

51. A thin hollow hemi sphere has mass M and radius R Moment of inertia of about the axis
shown which passes through its centre of mass is

2 5 2 1
(a) MR 2 (b) MR 2 (c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
3 12 5 3
MECHANICS 163

52. What is moment of inertia of solid hemisphere about the axis shown in the figure

2 1
(a) MR 2 (b) MR 2
5 5

13 7
(c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
20 15

53. Three thin rods each of length  and mass m are joined together to form an equilateral
triangle. Moment of inertia of system about an axis through centroid and perpendicular
to its plane is

m 2 m 2
(a) (b)
2 3

2 2 m 2
(c) m (d)
3 4

R
54. From a solid sphere of mass M a hollow sphere of radius is removed. Moment of
2
inertia of remaining portion about the axis shown is

37 49
(a) MR 2 (b) MR 2
40 40

33 11
(c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
40 10
MECHANICS 164

55. A circular disc of radius R and mass M has density proportional to square of distance
from centre. Moment of inertia of disc about its axis is

MR 2 R
(a) (b) MR 2
2 3

4
(c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
9

56. Moment of inertia of square plate about the axis shown is

Ma 2 Ma 2
(a) (b)
12 13

7Ma 2 3Ma 2
(c) (d)
48 4

57. A thin rod of length  has mass density  = 0x, where x is distance from one end. Moment
of inertia of rod about an axis through its center of mass and perpendicular to its length
is

0 4 0 4
(a) (b)
4 16

0 4 0 4
(c) (d)
36 12

58. Moment of inertia of a square plate of mass m and side a about an axis through its corner
and perpendicular to its plane is

ma 2 2 2
(a) (b) ma
6 3
MECHANICS 165

1 2 1
(c) ma (d) ma 2
3 4

59. The structure shown in figure has mass m and moment of inertia 2ma2 about the axis
shown. Its moment of inertia about an axis through 'O' which is perpendicular to its plane
is

5 3 2
(a) ma 2 (b) ma
2 2

7 9
(c) ma 2 (d) ma 2
2 2

60. A spherical shell of mass M has inner and outer radii R and 2R respectively. Moment of
inertia of the shell about its diameter is

20 15
(a) MR 2 (b) MR 2
9 7

62 10
(c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
35 7

61. Two thin discs each of mass 4.0 kg and radius 4.0 m are attached as shown in figure to
form a rigid body.

The rotational inertia of this body about an axis perpendicular to the plane of disc B and
passing through its centre is _________ kgm2.
MECHANICS 166

62. A uniform disc of surface mass density () exists in space. Its radius is R. A small disc
of radius (R/2) is cut from it as shown in the figure. The momen of inertia (I) about axis
15
AB is R 4 . The value of K, is _______
16K

63. A uniform rod AB of mass m and length l is at rest on a smooth horizontal surface. A
horizontal impulse P is applied to the end B perpendicular to the rod. The time taken by
Km
the rod to turn through a right angle is . The value of K, is _______
12K

64. A thin rod of mass m and length l lies in x-y plane as shown in figure. Value of Ixy is

m 2 m 2
(a) − sin  cos  (b) sin  cos 
12 3

m 2 m 2
(c) − sin  cos  (d) − cos 2 
6 3

 r2 
65. A circular disc of radius R and mass M has density  = 0 1 − 2  , where r is distance
 R 
from centre and 0 is a constant. Moment of inertia of the disc about tangent lying in its
plane is

7MR 2 4MR 2
(a) (b)
6 3

6MR 2 9MR 2
(c) (d)
5 8
MECHANICS 167

 r2 
66. A circular disc of mass M and radius R has mass density  = 0 1 + 2  , where r is
 R 
distance from its center. Moment of inertia of disc about its diameter is

5 3 5 3
(a) MR 2 (b) MR 2 (c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
9 10 18 20

67. A solid cylinder of mass M and radius r has length equal to 4 times its radius. Moment of
inertia of the cylinder about an axis through its center and perpendicular to its length is

4Mr 2 19Mr 2 15Mr 2 7Mr 2

(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 12 4 12

68. From a circular disc of mass M and radius R a circular portion of radius
R/2 is removed as shown in figure.

(a) the axis shown is a principal axis

(b) center of mass is at a distance R/4 from point '0'

5MR 2
(c) moment of inertia about the axis shown is
32

11MR 2
(d) moment of inertia about the axis shown is
64

69. Moment of inertia of a solid sphere of radius R and density  = Kr is I0 about its diameter
and that about tangent is I0. Value of  is __________

70. Four thin rods each of mass 'm' are joined together to form a square loop of side 'l'. Which
of the following statements is/are correct?

𝑚𝑙 2
(a) Moment of inertia of the loop about its diagonal is 12

5𝑚𝑙 2
(b) Moment of inertia of the loop about its side is 3

(c) Moment of inertia of the loop about an axis through one corner and perpendicular to
10
its plane is 3
𝑚𝑙 2

(d) Moment of inertia about any axis through its centre and lying in its plane is same.
MECHANICS 168

71. From a solid sphere of density  and radius R two smaller spheres of radius R/2 are cut
as shown in the figure. M.I. of resulting body about y axis is

𝜋𝜌𝑅5 5𝜋𝜌𝑅4
(a) 2
(b) 12

7𝜋𝜌𝑅5 3𝜋𝜌𝑅5
(c) 12
(d) 4

72. In the previous questions M.I. of object about x axis is

𝜋𝜌𝑅5 5𝜋𝜌𝑅5
(a) 4
(b) 12

7𝜋𝜌𝑅5 3𝜋𝜌𝑅5
(c) 12
(d) 4

73. A circular disc is rotating about an axis shown in the figure. M.I. of the disc about that
axis is:

𝑀𝑅2 𝑀𝑅2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

(a) 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 (b) 2
(1 − 2
)

𝑀𝑅2 𝑀𝑅2
(c) 4
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 (d) 2
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

74. In the figure shown value of Ixy is:

−3√3𝑚𝑎 2 −3√3𝑚𝑎 2
(a) 2
(b) 4

−√3𝑚𝑎 2
(c) 0 (d) 4

75. A rectangular plate of mass M and sides a and b (a < b) is

rotating about an axis which passes through its center and
lies in its plane as shown in the figure M.I. of the plate about
this axis is;

𝑀 𝑀𝑎 2
(a) 12 (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) (b) 12
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

𝑀𝑏2 𝑀𝑎 2 𝑀𝑏2
(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 (c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
12 12 12

𝑀𝑎 2 𝑀𝑏2
(e) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
12 12
MECHANICS 169

76. What is moment of inertia of a rectangular plate about its diagonal (take parameters of
previous questions)

𝑀 𝑀𝑎 2 𝑏2
(a) 6
(𝑎2 + 𝑏2) (b) 12(𝑎2+𝑏2)

𝑀𝑎 2 𝑏2 𝑀
(c) 24(𝑎2+𝑏2) (d) 12 (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )

77. Four particles each of mass m are placed the corners of a rectangle of sides (a, 2a) as
shown in figure. If 𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ axes shown in the figure be principal axes then value of angle 
is

2 1 2
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3 (b) 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3

1 1
(c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 2 (d) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3

78. A symmetric lamina of mass M consists of a square shape with a semicircular section
over each of the edge of the square as shown in figure. The side of the square is 2a. The
moment of inertia of the lamina about an axis through its centre of mass and perpendicular
to the plane is 1.6 Ma2. The moment of inertia of the lamina is

(a) 4.8 Ma2 (b) 3.2 Ma2

(c) 6.4 Ma2 (d) 1.6 Ma2

MECHANICS 170

ANSWER KEYS

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (6) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (c)

11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (c)

21. ( ) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (c)

31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (d) 39. 40. (a)
(all)

41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (3) 44. 45. (c) 46. (1) 47. 48. (c) 49. ( ) 50. (b)
(d) (12)

51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (a) 54. (b) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (c) 58. (b) 59. (d) 60. (c)

61. 62. (4) 63. (1) 64. 65. (a) 66. (c) 67. (b) 68. 69. 70.
(3.2) (b) (a,d) (3.25) (b,c,d)

71. (a) 72. (b) 73. (b) 74. 75. (d) 76. (c) 77. (b) 78. (a)
(b)
MECHANICS 171

RIGID BODY DYNAMICS

1. Two thin circular discs of mass m and 4m, having radii of a and 2a, respectively, and

rigidly fixed by a massless, rigid rod of length = 24a through their centers. This
assembly is laid on a firm and flat surface, and set rolling without slipping on the surface
so that the angular speed about the axis of the rod is . The angular momentum of the

entire assembly about the point 'O' is L (see the figure). Which of the following
statement(s) is(are) true?

(a) The magnitude of the z-component of L is 55ma2

(b) The magnitude of angular momentum of center of mass of the assembly about the
point O is 81 ma2

(c) The COM of the assembly rotates about the z-axis with an angular speed of /5

(d) The magnitude of angular momentum of the assembly about its COM is (17/2) ma2

2. A uniform circular disc of mass 1.5 kg and radius 0.5 m is initially at rest on a horizontal
frictionless surface. Three forces of equal magnitude F = 0.5 N are applied simultaneously
along the three sides of an equilateral triangle XYZ with its vertices on the perimeter of
the disc (see figure). One second after applying the forces, the angular speed of the disc
in rad s−1 is _________
MECHANICS 172

3. A horizontal circular platform of radius 0.5 m and mass 0.45 kg is free to rotate about its
axis. Two massless spring toy-guns, each carrying a steel ball of mass 0.05 kg are attached
to the platform at a distance 0.25 m from the center on its either side along its diameter
(see figure). Each gun simultaneously fires the ball horizontally and perpendicular to the
diameter in opposite directions. After leaving the
platform, the balls have horizontal speed of 9 ms−1 with
respect to the ground. The rotational speed of the platform
in rad s−1 after the balls leave the platform is

4. A uniform circular disc of mass 50 kg and radius 0.4 m is rotating with an angular velocity
of 10 rad s−1 about its own axis, which is vertical. Two uniform circular rings, each of
mass 6.25 kg and radius 0.2 m, are gently placed symmetrically on the disc in such a
manner that they are touching each other along the axis of the disc and are horizontal.
Assume that the friction is large is large enough such that the rings are at rest relative to
the disc and the system rotates about the original axis. The new angular velocity (in rad
s−1) of the system is ___________

5. The general motion of a rigid body can be considered to be a combination of (i) a motion
of its centre of mass about an axis, and (ii) its motion about an instantaneous axis passing
through the centre of mass. These axes need not be stationary. Consider, for example, a
thin uniform disc welded (rigidly fixed) horizontally at its rim to a massless stick, as
shown in the figure. When the disc-stick system is rotated about the origin on a horizontal
frictionless plane with angular speed , the motion at any instant can be taken as a
combination of (i) a rotation of the centre of mass of the disc about the z-axis, and (ii) a
rotation of the disc through an instantaneous vertical axis passing through its centre of
mass (as is seen from the changed orientation of points P and Q). Both these motions
have the same angular speed  in this case.

Now, consider two similar systems as shown in the figure: Case (a) the disc with its face
vertical and parallel to x-z plane; Case (b) the disc with its face making an angle of 45
with x-y plane and its horizontal diameter parallel to x-axis. In both the cases, the disc is
welded at point P, and the systems are rotated with constant angular speed  about the z-
axis.
MECHANICS 173

Which of the following statements about the instantaneous axis (passing through the
centre of mass) is correct?

(a) it is vertical for both the cases (a) and (b)

(b) it is vertical for case (a); and is at 45 to the x-z plane and lies in the plane of the disc
for case (b)

(c) it is horizontal for case (a); and is at 45 to the x-z plane and is normal to the plane of
the disc for case (b)

(d) it is vertical for case (a); and is at 45 to the x-z plane and is normal to the plane of
the disc for case (b)

6. In above question, which of the following statements regarding the angular speed about
the instantaneous axis (passing through the center of mass) is correct?


(a) it is 2 for both the cases (b) it is  for case (a); and for case (b)
2

(c) it is  for case (a); and 2 for case (b)

(d) it is  for both the cases

7. Two solid cylinder P and Q of same mass and same radius start rolling down a fixed
inclined plane from the same height at the same time. Cylinder P has most of its mass
concentrated near its surface, while Q has most of the its mass concentrated near the axis.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

(a) both cylinders P and Q reach the ground at the same time

(b) cylinder P has larger linear acceleration than cylinder Q

MECHANICS 174

(c) both cylinders reach the ground with same translational kinetic energy

(d) cylinder Q reaches the ground with larger angular speed

8. Two identical uniform discs roll without slipping on two different surfaces AB and CD
(see figure) starting at A and C with linear speeds 1 and 2, respectively, and always
remain in contact with the surfaces. If they reach B and D with the same linear speed and
1 = 3 m/s, then 2 in m/s is (g = 10 m/s2) ________

9. A ring of mass M and radius R is rotating with angular speed  about a fixed vertical axis
M
passing through its centre O with two point masses each of mass at rest at O. These
8
masses can move radially outwards along two massless rods fixed on the
ring as shown in the figure. At some instant the angular speed of the
8 3
system is  and one of the masses is at a distance of R from O. At
9 5
this instant the distance of the other mass from O is

2 1 3 4
(a) R (b) R (c) R (d) R
3 3 5 5

10. The angular momentum of an object points in the direction ˆi + ˆj + k.

ˆ If the object is

viewed in a mirror kept in the x-y plane, the angular momentum of the mirror image of
the object will point in the direction

(a) ˆi + ˆj + kˆ (b) −ˆi − ˆj − kˆ

(c) −ˆi − ˆj + kˆ (d) ˆi + ˆj − kˆ

MECHANICS 175

11. A cylinder tied to a string of length L (see figure below) takes time T
to fully unwind. The size of the cylinder is then doubled, thus making
its mass 8 times and moment on inertia 32 times their former values. If
the length of the string remains unchanged then the time taken to fully
unwind the string becomes

(a) 8T (b) 4T

T
(c) (d) T
4

12. A thin rod is inclined to the vertical at an angle  = 45 degree as

shown. The length of the rod is L and angular velocity  is in the
vertical direction. What is the magnitude of the angular momentum?

(a) ML2/12 (b) ML2/ 12 2

(c) ML2/6 (d) ML2/24

13. A wheel of radius R =1 m is rolling on the ground with slipping. Its angular velocity is
200 rad/s. If its linear speed is 100 ms−1 in the positive x
direction then the bottom most part of the wheel is travelling
with respect to the ground at

(a) − 300 m/s (b) − 100 m/s

(c) 100 m/s (d) 300 m/s

14. The density of a rod AB increases linearly from A to B Mid point of the rod is O and its
centre of mass is at C. Four axes pass through A, B, O and C (all perpendicular to the
length of the rod). The moment of inertia of the rod. The moment of inertia of the rod
about these axes are IA, IB, IO and IC, respectively. Then

(a) IA = IB (b) IA < IB

(c) IO > IC (d) IO < IC

MECHANICS 176

15. A wheel of mass 2kg, having practically all the mass concentrated along the
circumference of a circle of radius 20 cm, is rotating on its axis with an angular velocity
of 100 rad/s. The rotational kinetic energy of the wheel is

(a) 4 J (b) 70 J

(c) 400 J (d) 800 J

16. A rod of length L is hinged from one end. It is brought to the horizontal position and
released. The angular velocity of the rod when it is in the vertical position is

(a) 2g / L (b) 3g / L (c) g / 2L (d) g/L

17. A mass M is moving with a constant velocity parallel to the x-axis. Its angular momentum
w.r.t. the origin.

(a) is zero (b) remains constant

(c) goes on increasing (d) goes on decreasing

18. A string is wrapped around a solid cylinder of mass M and radius R. The string is pulled
vertically upward to prevent the centre of mass of the cylinder from falling as the cylinder
unwinds the string. Then

(a) the tension in the string is 2 Mg

(b) the length of the string unwound until until its angular velocity becomes  is 2R2/2g

(c) the angular acceleration of the cylinder is 2g/3R

(d) worked done by tension on the cylinder until its angular velocity becomes  is 1/4M
2R2

19. A uniformly accelerated wheel reaches the angular velocity 20 rad/sec in 10 revolution
after rotation begins. The angular acceleration of wheel is

(a) 2 rad / s 2 (b)  rad / s 2

10 20
(c) rad / s 2 (d) rad / s 2
 
MECHANICS 177

20. A pulley one meter in diameter rotating at 600 revolutions a minute is brought to rest in
20s by a constant of friction on its shaft. How many revolutions does it make before
coming rest?

(a) 200 (b) 300 (c) 400 (d) 100

21. A rod of length l falls on two metal pads of same height from a height h. The coefficients
of restitution of the metal pads are e1 and e2 (e1 > e2). The angular velocity of the rod after
it recoils is

e1 e1 + 1
(a) 2gh (b) 2gh
e2 e2 + 1

e1 − e 2 e1 + 1
(c) 2gh (d) 2gh
e2 − 1

22. A particle of mass m is revolving in a horizontal circle of radius r with a constant angular
speed . The areal velocity of the particle is

(a) r2 (b) r2

r2 r
(c)  (d)
2 2

23. A block with a square base measuring a × a and height h is placed on an inclined plane.
The coefficient of friction . The inclination  of the plane is gradually increased. The
block will

a a
(a) topple before sliding if   (b) topple before sliding if  
h h

(c) it can never topple (d) it can never slide

24. Particle of mass m is projected with a velocity v0 making an angle of 45 with horizontal.
The magnitude of angular momentum of the projectile about the point of projection at its
maximum height is

mv3 mv 02
(a) zero (b) (c) (d) m 2gh 3
2g 4 2g
MECHANICS 178

25. A string is wrapped several times round a solid cylinder and then the end of the string is
held stationary of the cylinder and tension in the string will be

2g mg mg
(a) and (b) g and
3 3 3

g mg g mg
(c) and (d) and
3 2 2 3

26. A sphere kept on a rough inclined plane in a equilibrium by a string wrapped over it. If
the angle of inclination is , the tension in the string will be equal to

2
(a) mg sin  (b)
mg

mg sin 
(c) (d) None of these
2

27. A circular ring of mass M and radius R is rotating about its axis with constant angular
velocity . Two objects each of mass m get attached to the rotating ring. The ring now
rotates with an angular velocity.

M m
(a) (b)
M + 2m M + 2m

(M − 2m) (M + 2m)

(c) (d)
M + 2m m

28. A rod of mass m and length l fits into a hollow tube of same length and mass. The tube
is rotated with an initial angular velocity 0 and the rod slips through the rough hollow
surface. The angular velocity of the rod as it slips out of the tube is

0 0
(a) (b)
2 4

0 0
(c) (d)
16 7

29. A block of mass m moves with a velocity v0 on a smooth horizontal surface. It then passes
over a cylinder of radius R and mass m, capable of rotating about its own fixed axis
through 'O'. The block, while passing over, slips on the cylinder. The slipping stops before
MECHANICS 179

it loses contact with the cylinder. The block then moves on a similar smooth horizontal
surface with a velocity v. Then the velocity v is

2 2
(a) 0 (b) 0
5 3

0
(c)  0 (d)
2

30. A disc is freely rotating with an angular speed  on a smooth horizontal plane. It is
hooked at a rigid peg P and rotates P without bouncing. Its angular speed after the impact
will be equal to


(a)  (b)
3


(c) (d) None of these
2

31. A thin spherical shell of mass m and radius R is hit horizontally by a cue at a height h
above the centre C. The value of h for which the shell will roll without slipping is

(a) R/2 (b) R/3

(c) 2R/5 (d) 2R/3

32. A uniform stick of length l held vertical with one end touching a smooth horizontal
surface is released from rest. The lower end slips along the surface. The velocity of the
upper end A with which it strikes the surface is

(a) 2g (b) 3g

(c) g (d) 2 g
MECHANICS 180

33. A thin spherical shell, a solid cylinder and a disc are released from rest at the top of a
rough inclined plane and the roll down without sliding. The ratio of their velocities, when
reach the bottom, is

(a) 0.5 :1:1 (b) 0.9 :1:1

(c) 0.8 : 0.5 :1 (d) 1: 1 : 1

34. If a uniform solid sphere is rolling without sliding on a stationary surface, the ratio of its
rotational kinetic energy to the total kinetic energy is given by

(a) 7 : 10 (b) 2 : 5

(c) 10 : 7 (d) 2 : 7

35. Two discs of moment of inertia 11 and 12 about their respective axis, rotating with
angular velocities 1 and 2, are brought into contact face to face with their axes of
rotation coincident. The angular velocity of the composite disc will be

I11 − I2 2 I 2 1 + I12
(a) (b)
I1 − I 2 I1 + I 2

I11 + I2 2 I 2 1 − I12
(c) (d)
I1 + I 2 I1 − I 2

36. A uniform solid cylinder of mass m and radius R rolls without sliding down an inclined
plane of height h. The rotational kinetic energy of the cylinder when it reaches the bottom
of the plane will be

(a) mgh (b) mgh/2 (c) mgh/3 (d) mgh/4

37. A uniform solid cylinder of mass m rolls without sliding down an inclined plane of
inclination . The frictional force acting on the cylinder is

1 2
(a)   mg sin  (b)   mg sin 
3 3

2 2
(c)   mg sin  (d)   mg sin 
5 7
MECHANICS 181

38. A small solid sphere of radius 'r' rolls down from the top of a large sphere of radius R
without slipping. The velocity of smaller sphere at the moment it loses with the surface
of the larger sphere, is

5g(R + r) 10g(R + r)
(a) (b)
17 17

15g(R + r) 20g(R + r)
(c) (d)
17 17

39. A small solid sphere of mass m and radius r starting from rest from the rim of a fixed
hemispherical bowl of radius R, rolls inside it without sliding, the normal reaction exerted
b the sphere on the hemisphere when it reaches the bottom of hemisphere is

(a) (3/7) mg (b) (9/7) mg

(c) (13/7) mg (d) (17/7) mg

40. A 5 mg long pole of 3 kg mass is placed against a smooth vertical wall as shown in the
figure. Under equilibrium condition, if the pole makes an angle of 37 with the horizontal,
the frictional force between the pole and horizontal surface is

(a) 20 N (b) 30 N

(c) 20 N (d) 30 N

41. The two ends A and B of a uniform rod of length 1 = 1 m are moving with velocities VA
and VB as shown. The angular velocity of the rod is

(a) 20 rad/s (b) 5 rad/s

(c) 30 rad/s (d) 50 rad/s

42. If a solid sphere, disc and hollow cylinder are allowed to roll down an inclined plane
without slipping from the same height.

(a) the cylinder will reach the bottom first (b) the disc will reach the bottom first

(c) the sphere will reach the bottom first (d) all will reach bottom at the same time
MECHANICS 182

43. A solid homogenous sphere is moving on a rough horizontal surface, partly rolling and
partly sliding. During this kind of motion of this sphere.

(a) total kinetic of motion of this sphere

(b) angular momentum of the sphere about the point of contact with the plane is conserved

(c) only the rotational kinetic energy about the centre of mass is conserved

(d) angular momentum about the centre of mass is conserved

44. A uniform sphere of radius R is placed on a rough horizontal

surface. A force F is applied horizontally at a height R/2 above
the centre. If the sphere starts rolling slipping on the surface, the
frictional force acting on the sphere will be

(a) in forward direction (b) in the backward direction

(c) zero (d) none of the above

45. A wheel of radius R rolls without slipping with a speed v on a horizontal road. When it
is at a point A on the road, a small mud particle separates from the wheel at its highest
point and lands at point B on the road. Then

𝑅 𝑅
(a) 𝐴𝐵 = 𝜈√𝑔 (b) 𝐴𝐵 = 2𝜈√𝑔

𝑅
(c) 𝐴𝐵 = 4𝜈√𝑔 (d) none of these

46. Two uniform solid spheres having unequal masses and unequal radii are released from
ret from the same height on a rough incline. If the spheres roll without slipping.

(a) the heavier sphere reaches the bottom first

(b) the bigger sphere reaches the bottom first

(c) the two spheres reach the bottom together

(d) the higher sphere reaches the bottom first

MECHANICS 183

47. Two identical circular discs A and B each of mass m and radius R are placed horizontally
on a smooth horizontal surface with their centres fixed to the surface and touching each
other as shown. Now, an impulse P0 is applied to the disc A as shown. If there is no
slipping between the discs, the angular velocity of each disc will be

(a) P0/2mR (b) 2P0/mR

(c) P0/mR (d) P0/4mR

48. A disc of mass M and radius R is rolling with angular speed  on a horizontal plane as
shown in figure. The magnitude of angular momentum of the disc about the origin O is

1
(a) 2 𝑀𝑅 2 𝜔 (b) MR2

3
(c) 2 𝑀𝑅 2 𝜔 (d) 2MR2

49. Two particles simultaneously collide with a thin rod of mass 3m as shown and stick to it.
Which of the following statements is/are correct.

𝜈0
(a) Speed of centre of mass of system after collision in 6

𝜈0
(b) Speed of centre of rod after collision is 2

5𝜈0
(c) Angular velocity of system after collision is 8𝑙

𝜈0
(d) Angular velocity of system after collision is 4𝑙

50. A solid sphere radius starts from rest at the top of an incline of height h and length l and
moves down. The force of friction between the sphere and the incline is F. The friction is
insufficient to prevent slipping. The kinetic energy of the sphere at the bottom of the
incline is K. Then

(a) the work done by the frictional force is Fl.

(b) The head produced is Fl. (c) K = mgh − Fl. (d) K > mgh − Fl
MECHANICS 184

51. A uniform circular disc of mass m and radius R is suspended in a vertical plane by two
hinges at A and B as shown. The hinge reaction at A, immediately after hinge B is
removed, is

(a) mg (b) mg/2

(c) mg/4 (d) mg/3

52. Three mass particles, A, B and C having masses m, 2m and 3m, respectively, are rigidly
attached to a ring of mass m and radius R which rolls on a horizontal without slipping.
At a certain instant, the velocity of the centre of the ring is v0 as shown in the figure. The
kinetic energy of system is

(a) 7mv 02 (b) 9mv 02

7
(c) mv 02 (d) mv 02
2

53. In the previous problem, the velocity of the centre of the mass of the system is

(a) 0 (b) 70

85 7
(c) 7 0 0 (d) 0
7 85

54. Two men support a uniform horizontal beam at its two ends. If one of them suddenly
leaves it, then force exerted by the beam on the other man will

(a) remain unaffected (b) increase

(c) decrease (d) none of the above

55. A sphere S rolls without slipping, moving with a constant speed on a plank P. The friction
between the upper surface of plank P and the sphere is
sufficient to prevent slipping, while the lower surface of
plank P is smooth and rests on the ground. Initially plank
'P' is fixed to the ground by a pin 'N'. If N is suddenly
removed
MECHANICS 185

(a) sphere S will begin to slip on plank P (b) plank P will begin to slip on plank P

(c) the speed of sphere S will decrease and its angular velocity will increase

(d) there will be no change in the motion of sphere S and plank P will still be at rest

56. A uniform rod of mass M and length L lies along the y-axis with its centre at the origin.
The locus of any point Q in the y-z plane so that the moment of
inertia of the road about an axis parallel to x-axis and passing
through Q remains constant is a

(a) circle (b) straight line

(c) ellipse (d) parabola

57. A uniform rod of mass M and length l with an insect of mass M/3 initially placed at right
end B is rotated with an angular velocity 0 about an axis perpendicular to the rod and
passing through end A. The insect starts crawling along the rod
towards end A. The angular velocity of the rod, when the insect
reaches the mid point of the rod, is

(a) 0/2 (b) 20/3 (c) 40/5 (d) 80/5

58. For a system to be in equilibrium, the torques acting on it must balance. This is true only
if the torques are taken about

(a) the centre of the system (b) the centre of mass of the system

(c) any point on the system (d) any point on the system or outside it

59. A uniform rod of length L is suspended from one end. The rod can rotate, freely
about horizontal axis through point of suspension. What minimum angular
velocity should be given to the rod so that it completes a full rotation

3g 6g
(a) (b)
L L

2g 4g
(c) (d)
L L
MECHANICS 186

60. A rod of length 'L' is translating with speed 'v' perpendicular to its length if one end of
the rod is suddenly fixed with will be angular velocity rod about that end

 2
(a) (b)
L L

3 2
(c) (d)
2L 3L

61. A rod of length L is held vertical with its one end fixed one ground. The rod can rotate
about fixed end. If the rod is released from this position, what is its speed when it is about
to hit the ground

3g 2g
(a) (b)
L L

g g
(c) (d)
L 2L

62. A thin rod of length L is suspended from one end. Time period of oscillation of the rod is

L L
(a) 2 (b) 2
g 2g

2L 3L
(c) 2 (d) 2
3g 2g

63. A solid sphere of mass 'M' rolls down an inclined plane of inclination . Friction force on
the sphere is

2 2
(a) g sin  (b) g sin 
5 3

5 2
(c) g sin  (d) g sin 
7 7

64. A small thin ring of radius 'r' rolls down an inclined plane of inclination . Angular
acceleration of ring on the inclined plane is

g sin  g sin  g sin  2g sin 

(a) (b) (c) (d)
r 2r 3r r
MECHANICS 187

65. A circular loop of inner and outer radii r1 and r2 rolls down an inclined plane of inclination
. Angular acceleration of loop on the inclined plane is

2r2 2r1
(a) g sin  (b) g sin 
3r + r12
2
2 3r + r12
2
2

r2 r1
(c) g sin  (d) g sin 
r + r12
2
2 r + r12
2
2

66. A solid cylinder is rolling on a horizontal surface. What fraction is its rotational kinetic
energy of total kinetic energy

1 1 2 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 3 4

67. A hollow sphere is rolling on a rough horizontal surface such that its centre is moving
with linear speed 'v'. If M be mass and R be radius of sphere, its angular momentum about
any point along its path is

3 7
(a) M R (b) M R
2 5

5
(c) M R (d) MR
3

68. A circular disc is rotating in its plane with angular velocity , its centre being at rest. If
a point on the rim is suddenly fixed, what is new angular velocity of the disc about the
point on the rim

  2
(a)  (b) (c) (d)
2 3 3

69. A disc of mass M and radius R is pivoted about a horizontal axis through its centre and a
small body of the same mass M is attached to the rim of the disc. If the disc is released
from rest with the small body at the end of a horizontal radius, the angular speed when
the small body is at the bottom is

 g   g   3g   4g 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
 4R   2R   4R   3R 
MECHANICS 188

70. A uniform bar of length 6a and mass 8m lies on a smooth horizontal table. Two point
masses 'm' and '2m' moving in the same horizontal plane with speed '2v' and 'v'
respectively strike the bar (see figure) and stick to the bar after collision. Denoting
angular velocity (about centre of mass), total energy and centre of mass velocity by , E
and vc respectively, we have after collision

3  
(a) c = 0 (b)  =  
5 a 

 3
(c)  = (d) E = m3
5a 5

71. A cubical block of side 'a' is moving with velocity 'v' on a horizontal smooth plane as
shown. It hits a ridge at point O. The angular speed of the block after it hits O is

3 3
(a) (b)
(4a) (2a)

3
(c) (d) zero
( 2a)

72. A thin hollow sphere is rolling on a surface. Ratio of its rotational kinetic energy and its
total kinetic energy is

2 1
(a) (b)
5 3

3 3
(c) (d)
5 4
MECHANICS 189

73. A thin rod of mass m and length l is rotated with uniform angular velocity  about a
perpendicular axis through its one end. Rate of change of momentum of rod is

m2
(a) m2 (b)
2

m2
(c) (d) zero
4

74. At one end of a rod of length L, a particle of twice mass is attached. If the rod is to move
with pure translation, at what distance from loaded end should it be struck?

(a) L/3 (b) L/6

(c) 2L/3 (d) L/12

75. A uniform ladder of length 10m rests against a smooth vertical wall. The lower end of
the ladder is at a distance of 8m from the wall. The distance upto which a man weighting
60 kg can go up the ladder before it starts slipping, if the weight of the ladder is 40 kg
and the coefficient of friction between ladder and ground is 0.4 is ___ meter.

76. A constant torque of 40 Nm is applied to a wheel pivoted on a fixed axis. Power is being
furnished to the wheel when it is rotating at 120 revolution per minute, is __ watt.

77. A circular disc of mass 2kg and radius 0.2 metre rolls down an inclined plane from rest,
time it will take to cover a distance of 1 metre along the plane, if angle of inclination of
the plane is 30 is _____ sec.

78. A thin rod suspended from one end swings through an angle of 60 when a horizontal
impulse J is given at its lower end. What horizontal impulse should be given at its middle
to swings through 90?

(a) 2J (b) 2J

(c) 3 2J (d) 2 2J

79. A square plate of mass 2gm and side 2 cm is rotating about a perpendicular axis
through its one corner. If velocity of square plate is changing at a rate 3 cm/s2 then kinetic
energy of the plate is ____ c.g.s.
MECHANICS 190

80. A solid sphere and a hollow sphere are dwelling down on inclined plane. If fs and fh be
fs
friction on solid and hollow spheres respectively then is
fh

3 7 2 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 3 5 7

3
81. A thin circular disc of mass M and radius R has moment of inertia MR 2 about one of
4
chord. Perpendicular distance of chord from centre of disc is

R R
(a) (b)
2 2

R R
(c) (d)
4 2 2

82. A thin rod of length 'l' when suspended from one end it undergoes small oscillation about
a horizontal axis with time period T1. When it is suspended from some other point its
time period becomes T2 such that T1 = T2. Distance of second point from centre of the
rod is

(a) (b)
6 3

2
(c) (d)
3 4

83. The moment of inertia of a body does not depend upon

(a) the angular velocity of the body (b) the mass of the body

(c) in rotational motion (d) the axis of rotation of the body

84. If a gymnast, sitting on a rotating stool with his arms outstretched, suddenly lowers his
hands

(a) the angular velocity decreases (b) his moment of inertia decreases

(c) the angular velocity stays constant (d) the angular momentum increases
MECHANICS 191

85. A hallow cylinder and a solid cylinder having the same mass and same diameter are
released from rest simultaneously from the top of an inclined plane. Which will reach the
bottom first

(a) the solid cylinder (b) the hollow cylinder

(c) both will reach the bottom together (d) the one having grater density

86. A ring of mass m and radius r rotates about an axis passing through its centre and
perpendicular to its plane with angular velocity . Its kinetic energy is

(a) m r 2 (b) m r2 2

(c) (1/2) m r2 2 (d) (1/2) m r 2

87. A solid iron sphere A roils down an inclined plane, while an identical sphere B slides
down the plane in a frictionless manner. At the bottom of the inclined plane, the total
kinetic energy of sphere A is

(a) less than that of B (b) equal to that of B

(c) more than that of B (d) sometimes more and sometimes less

88. A solid cylinder of mass M and radius R rolls down an inclined plane without slipping.
The speed of its centre of mass when it reaches the bottom is

(a) (2 g h) (b) (4 / 3) g h

(c) (3 / 4) g h (d) 4g h

89. A body of mass m slides down an inclined and reaches the bottom with a velocity v, if
the same mass were in the form of a ring which rolls down this incline, the velocity of
the ring at bottom would have been

(a)  (b) 2

1
(c)  (d) (2 / 5) 
2
MECHANICS 192

90. Two bodies with moment of inertias I1 and I2 (I1 > I2) have equal angular momenta. If
K.E. of rotation are E1 and E2, then

(a) E1 − E2 (b) E1 > E2

(c) E1 < E2 (d) E1  E2

91. A small object of mass m is attached to a light string which passes through a hollow tube.
The is held by one hand and the string by the other. The object is set into rotation in a
circle of radius R and velocity v. The string is then pulled down, shortening the radius of
path of r. What is conserved?

(a) angular momentum (b) linear momentum

(c) kinetic energy (d) none of the above

92. Certain neutron stars (extremely dense stars) are believed to be rotating at about 1 rev/s.
If such a star has a radius of 20 km, the acceleration of an object on the equator of the
star will be

(a) 20 103 m / sec2 (b) 120 103 m / sec2

(c) 8 103 m / sec2 (d) 4 103 m / sec2

93. The radius of gyration of a rod of mass 100 gm and length 100 cm about an axis passing
through its centre of gravity and perpendicular to its length is given by

(a) 100 / 2 3 (b) 50 / 3 2

(c) 100 / 3 2 (d) 50 / 2 3

94. We have two spheres, one of which is hollow and the other solid. They have identical
masses and moment of inertia about their respective diameters. The ratio of their radius
is given by

(a) 5 : 7 (b) 3 : 5

(c) 3: 5 (d) 3: 7
MECHANICS 193

95. A wheel of moment of inertia 5×10−3 kg × metre2 is making 20 revolutions per second. It
is stopped in 20 seconds, then angular retardation is

(a)  radian/sec2 (b) 2 radian/sec2

(c) 4 radian/sec2 (d) 8 radian/sec2

96. A spherical ball rolls on a table without slipping. Then the fraction of its total energy
associated with rotation is:

(a) 2/5 (b) 2/7

(c) 3/5 (d) 3/7

97. An inclined plane makes an angle of 30 with the horizontal. A solid sphere rolling down
this inclined plane from rest without slipping has a linear acceleration equal to

(a) g/3 (b) 2 g/3

(c) 5 g/7 (d) 5 g/14

98. A constant torque acting on a uniform circular wheel changes its angular momentum from
A0 to 4A0 in 4 seconds. The magnitude of this torque is

(a) 3 A0/4 (b) A0

(c) 4A0 (d) 12A0

99. The moment of inertia of a circular ring about an axis passing through its centre and
normal to its plane is 200gm × cm2. Then its moment of inertia about a diameter is

(a) 400 gm × cm2 (b) 300 gm × cm2

(c) 200 gm × cm2 (d) 100 gm × cm2

100. A particle of mass m is project with a velocity v making an angle of 45 with the
horizontal. The magnitude of the angular momentum of the projectile about the point of
projection when the particle is at its maximum height h is:

(a) zero (b) m 3 /(4 / 2g) (c) m 3 /( 2g) (d) m (2gh 3 )

MECHANICS 194

101. A tube of length L is filled completely with an incompressible liquid of mass M and
closed at both the ends. The tube is then rotated in a horizontal plane about one of its end
with a uniform angular velocity . The force exerted by the liquid a the other end is

(a) (M2 L) / 2 (b) M2 L

(c) (M2 L) / 4 (d) (M2 L3 ) / 2

102. A thick-walled hollow sphere has outer radius R. Its rolls down an incline without
slipping and its speed at bottom is v0. Now the inclined plane is waxed so that the friction
is absent. The sphere is observed to slide down without rolling and the speed now is
(50/4). The radius of gyration of the hollow sphere about the axis through its center is

3R R
(a) (b)
4 2

R 4
(c) (d) R
4 5

103. A solid uniform sphere rotating about its axis (with rotational K.E. = E 0) placed on a
rough horizontal plane without any translational push. Friction coefficient  is not same
every where on the plane and is different at each point. After some time the sphere begins
pure rolling with total K.E. = E. Then

2E 0 2E 0
(a) E = (b) E =
5 7

5E 0
(c) E = (d) None of the above
7

104. A string is wrapped several times round a solid cylinder and then the end of the string is
held stationary while the cylinder is released from rest with no initial motion. The
acceleration of the cylinder and tension in the string will be

2 mg mg
(a) g and (b) g and
3 3 2

g mg g mg
(c) and (d) and
3 2 2 3
MECHANICS 195

105. Particles of masses 1, 2, 3 kg respectively are arranged at the comes of an equilateral

triangle of side 1 m. The M.I. of system about an axis passing through the centroid and
perpendicular to the plane of triangle is

(a) 2 kg−m2 (b) 3 kg−m2

(c) 1 kg−m2 (d) 6 kg−m2

106. A uniform rod of length 2l is placed with end in contact with the horizontal table and is
then inclined at an angle  to the horizontal and allowed to fall. When it becomes
horizontal, its angular velocity will be

 3g sin    2 
(a)  =   (b)  =  
 2   3g sin  

 g sin    
(c)  =   (d)  =  
   g sin  

107. A thin rod of mass 3kg and length 3 m is suspended from one end and made to rotate
about vertical axis. If the rod always make 30 with down vertical then its rotational
kinetic energy is

(a) 2.5 J (b) 4 J

(c) 4.5 J (d) 5 J

108. A thin rod of mass M and length l is rotated about an axis perpendicular to its length and
passing through one end. If L be its angular momentum and vc be speed of its center then
L
value of is
(mv c )

1 1
(a) (b)
3 6

3 2
(c) (d)
2 3
MECHANICS 196

109. A circular disc of mass 3kg and radius 10 cm is spinning about its axis with angular speed
2rad/s. The spinning disc is to be rotated about its diameter with uniform angular speed
0.4 rad/s. Torque required for this task is (in Nm)

(a) 0 (b) 0.06

(c) 2.4 (d) 0.12

110. A bicycle of mass m and radius R is attached to a rectangular plate of the same mass
1.0kg and 50 spokes, each of mass 0.01 kg. Its moment of inertia about its axis of rotation
is _______ kgm2.

111. If the earth shrinks to half its radius, the duration of day and night changes. The new time
period for a day will be ________ hrs.

112. A solid cylinder of mass 6 kg lies on a rough horizontal surface. The coefficient of friction
between the cylinder and the surface is  = 0.2. A constant force acts horizontally on the
2
cylinder. The line of action of the force F is at a height R
3
above the centre of the cylinder. The maximum value of F
if the cylinder rolls without slipping, is _____ (g = 10 m/s2)

113. A cylinder of mass m is kept on the edge of a plank of mass 2m and length 12 metre,
which in turn is kept on smooth ground. Coefficient of friction between the plank and the
cylinder is 0.1. The cylinder is given an impulse, which imparts it a velocity 7 m/s but no
angular velocity. The time after which the cylinder falls
off the plank is ______ sec.

114. A sphere of mass m and radius R rolls without sliding on a horizontal surface. It collides
with a light spring of stiffness K with a kinetic energy E. If the surface (AB) under the
spring is smooth and E = 7 J and K = 10 N/m, the maximum compression of the spring is
________
MECHANICS 197

115. A semi-circular disc of radius 1 m and mass = 4kg is lying on the horizontal x-y plane. If

XX' is the axis of rotation of the body and a force 2Nkˆ is applied at point P, the magnitude
of angular acceleration (the region is gravity free) (in rad/s2) is _________

116. A thin ring of mass 2 kg and radius 0.5 m is rolling without slipping on a horizontal plane
with velocity 1 m/s. A small ball of mass 0.1 kg, moving with velocity 20 m/s in the
opposite direction, hits the ring at a height of 0.75 m and goes vertically up with velocity
10 m/s. Immediately after the collision

(a) the ring has pure rotation about its stationary CM

(b) the ring comes to a complete stop

(c) friction between the ring and the ground is to the left

(d) there is not fricti9on between the ring and the ground

117. A uniform rod of length l and mass M is suspended on two vertical inextensible strings
as shown in the figure. Calculate tension T in left string at the instant when right string
snaps.

𝑚𝑔
(a) 2
(b) mg

𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔
(c) 4
(d) 8
MECHANICS 198

118. A uniform circular disc of mass m and radius R placed on a smooth horizontal surface
with its plane parallel to the horizontal surface is rotating about its own axis with angular
speed 0 and also translating with a velocity 0 = 20 R as shown. The disc is suddenly
hinged at point P. Then, angular velocity of the disc is

(a) 50/3 (b) 20/3

(c) 40/3 (d) 30/2

119. A uniform solid cylinder of mass m and radius R is free to rotate about its fixed axis
which is smooth and vertical. A light inextensible string is would round the cylinder and
its free end is pulled horizontally with a constant force F = 2mg. The angular velocity of
the cylinder when the free end of string has moved through a distance 4R is

2𝑔 2𝑔 2𝑔 2𝑔
(a) √ 𝑅 (b) 2√ 𝑅 (c) 4√ 𝑅 (d) 6√ 𝑅

120. A rectangular block has a square base measuring a × a, and its height is h. It moves with
a speed  on a smooth horizontal surface.

(a) It will topple if 𝜈 > √2𝑔ℎ (b) It will topple if 𝜈 > √2𝑔𝑎

(c) It will topple if 𝜈 > √2𝑔𝑎2 /ℎ (d) It will not topple for any value of 

121. A circular disc of mass M and radius R rotates about an axis lying in its plane with
3
constant angular velocity . If angular momentum of the disc about this axis is 4 𝑀𝑅 2 𝜔,
distance of axis from centre of ring is

𝑅 𝑅
(a) 2 (b)
√2

𝑅 𝑅
(c) 3 (d)
√3

122. A solid sphere and a hollow sphere roll down an inclined plane. On reaching the bottom
of inclined plane, ratio of their speed will be

25 25
(a) √14 (b) √ 7

25 5
(c) √21 (d) √7
MECHANICS 199

123. A solid cylinder starts rolling down an inclined plane of inclination  from a height h.
Time taken to reach the bottom is

2ℎ 3ℎ
(a) √ 𝑔 (b) √ 𝑔

1 3ℎ 1 3ℎ
(c) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 √2𝑔 (d) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 √ 𝑔

124. A thin rod of length L is suspended from one end as shown in figure. The
linear mass density of rod varies with distance from point of suspension as 
= z. Time period of oscillation of the rod is

3𝐿 2𝐿
(a) 2𝜋√4𝑔 (b) 2𝜋√ 𝑔

3𝐿 𝐿
(c) 2𝜋√2𝑔 (d) 2𝜋√𝑔

125. A circular disc of radius R is suspended from a point on its surface such that it oscillates
about an axis passing through point of suspension and perpendicular to its plane. For what
distance of point of suspendion from centre of the disc time period of oscillation is
minimum

𝑅 𝑅
(a) 2 (b) 3

𝑅 𝑅
(c) (d)
√2 √3

126. A hollow sphere and a solid cylinder are released one by one from same point on an
inclined plane. Assume rolling without slipping. Ratio of time taken by cylinder to that
by sphere to reach the bottom of inclined plane is

10 5
(a) √ 9 (b) √6

4 3
(c) √3 (d) √5
MECHANICS 200

ANSWER KEYS

1. ( ) 2. (2) 3. ( ) 4. (8) 5. (a) 6. ( ) 7. (d) 8. (7) 9. (c 10. (b)

or d)

11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (d)

21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (b)
(d)

31. (d) 32. (b) 33. (b) 34. 35. (c) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (a)
(d)

41. (b) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. 45. (c) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. 50. (d)
(a) (a,c)

51. (d) 52. (b) 53. (c) 54. (c) 55. 56. (a) 57. (d) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (c)
(d)

61. (a) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64.(b) 65. (a) 66. (b) 67. (c) 68. (c) 69. 70.
(d) (a,c,d)

71. (a) 72. (a) 73. (b) 74. (c) 75. 76. 77. 78.(d) 79. (4) 80.(d)
(1.66) (502.6) (0.78)

81. (b) 82. (a) 83. (a) 84.(b) 85. (a) 86. (c) 87. 88.(b) 89. (c) 90. (c)
(b)

91. (a) 92. (c) 93. (a) 94. (c) 95. 96. (b) 97. 98. (a) 99.(b) 100.
(b) (d) (b,d)

101.(a) 102.(a) 103.(b) 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110.
(a) (a) (a) (d) (d) (b) (0.105)

111. (6) 112. 113. 114. (1) 115. (1) 116. 117. 118. 119. 120.
(108) (2.25) (a,c) (c) (a) (c) (d)

121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. (a)

(b) (c) (d) (a) (c)
MECHANICS 201

FLUID MECHANICS

1. A thin uniform cylindrical shell, closed at both ends, is partially filled with water. It is
floating vertically in water in half-submerged state. If c is the relative density of the
material of the shell with respect to water, then the correct statement is that the shell is

(a) more than half-filled if c is less than 0.5

(b) more than half-filled if c is more than 1.0

(c) half-filed if c is more than 0,5 (d) less than half-filled if c is less than 0.5

2. A vessel is filled with water up to a height H as shown in the figure.

The cross-sectional area of the vessel is A. A tiny hole at the
bottom with an area  slowly drains the vessel. The time taken to
completely drain the water is given by

A 8H A 4H
(a) (b)
 g  g

A 2H
(c) (d) 
 g

3. A soap bubble is attached to a very thin pipe through which it slowly leaks. If the air loss
(volume per unit time) given by Q  P, where P is the excess pressure across the tube
then which of the following expressions describe the evolution of radial speed ur = dr/dt,
of the bubble with radius 'r'?

(a) r2ur = constant (b) rur = constant

(c) ur/r = constant (d0 r3ur = constant

4. A horizontally placed hollow tube has a cross-sectional area A at the beginning of the
tube that gradually tapers off to A/2 at the end. An incompressible, ideal-fluid of density
 enters, the tube with a velocity v at the beginning of the tube. What is the difference in
pressure at the two ends of the tube?

(a) v2/2 (b) 3v2/2 (c) 2v2/2 (d) 4v2/2

MECHANICS 202

5. A large cylindrical container filled with water up to height h rests on a

table. Neglecting the effect of viscosity, at what height from the bottom
of the container should a hole be made such that the resulting jet of water
hits the surface of the table at the maximum distance?

(a) h / 2 (b) h/2

(c) h / 3 (d) h/3

6. A pump is used to push water of density  through a tube of constant cross-section A

shown below. What is the value of P?

(a) gH + u2/2 (b) 0

(c) gH (d) −gH

7. A horizontally placed hollow tube has a cross-sectional area A at the beginning of the
tube that gradually tapers off to A/2 at the end. An incompressible, ideal fluid of density
 enters the tube with a velocity v at the beginning of the tube. What is the difference in
pressure at the two ends of the tube?

(a) 2v2 (b) v2

(c) v2/2 (d) 3v2/2

8. In steady flow the velocity vector v at any point is constant. Therefore

(a) There can be no accelerated motion, only uniform motion

(b) There can be accelerated motion (c) There can only be decelerated motion

(d) None of the above

9. Continuity equation for compressible fluid is

(a) not valid (b) Av = constant

(c)  Av = constant (d)  A = constant

MECHANICS 203

10. The velocity of a fluid at any point is in a direction

(a) normal to the streamline (b) tangential to the streamline

(c) inclined at 45 to the streamline (d) not related to the streamline

11. The pressure of a fluid

(a) is not related to its velocity (b) increases as velocity increases

(c) is greater where the velocity of the fluid is smaller

(d) is constant

12. Refer above figure (velocity refers to velocity of fluid particle at A)

(a) velocity at A > velocity at B (b) velocity at A < velocity at B

(c) velocity at A = velocity at B (d) velocity at A = velocity at B = 0

13. In streamlined flow

(a) velocity at a given space point is independent of time

(b) the line of motion of particle coincides with streamline

(c) fluids cannot cross the boundaries of the tubes of flow

(d) all the above

14. Ideal fluid flows along a flat tube of constant cross-section located
in a horizontal plane and bent as shown. The flow is steady.

The pressures and velocities of the fluid at points 1 and 2 are

denoted by subscripts 1 and 2 respectively

(a) p1  p2  v1  v2 (b) p1  p2 , v1  v2

(c) p1  p2 , v1  v2 (d) p1  p2 , v1  v2
MECHANICS 204

15. A garden hose has an internal diameter of 2 inches. It is connected to a lawn sprinkler
that consists of an enclosure with 100 holes each 0.05 inches in diameter. If the water in
the hose has speed 3 ft/sec, the water leaves the sprinkler holes at

(a) 0.48 ft/sec (b) 2.48 ft/sec (c) 1.48 ft/sec (d) 48 ft/sec

16. The forces acting on an element of ideal fluid as it flows through a pipe (not horizontal)
of uniform cross-section are

(a) Forces due to pressure differences at the two sides of section of interest

(b) Gravitational forces (c) Viscous forces

(d) All the above

17. Two row-boats moving parallel to one another in the same direction are pulled towards
one another because

(a) They are oppositely charged bodies and oppositely charged bodies attract each other

(b) The force of gravity between the two row-boats causes the pull

(c) The velocity of the row-boats being high, drags air in between them to move with a
high velocity. Hence the pressure between the boats falls and causes the pull

(d) None of the above

18. The destructive suction effect of a tornado is greater near the centre of disturbance near
the edge. This is because

(a) the tornado is concentrated at the centre

(b) there are other electromagnetic factors present in the centre

(c) the velocity of tornado is least at the centre and the pressure maximum

(d) the velocity of tornado is greatest at the centre and the pressure minimum

19. When a stopper is pulled, the water drains out while circulating like a small whirlpool.
The centripetal force is provided by

(a) Gravitational forces (b) Electromagnetic forces

MECHANICS 205

(c) Gravitational forces and the pressure difference in moving fluids

(d) None of the above

20. Bernoulli's equation is

1 p 1
(a) p1 − p 2 = (v 22 − v12 ) + g(y 2 − y1 ) (b) + gy + v 22 = constant
2  2

(c) The law of conservation of energy applied to fluid dynamics

(d) All of the above

Data for Q21. and Q.22

A tank is filled with water to a height H. A hole is punched in one

of the walls at a depth h below the water surface

21. The distance x from the foot of the wall at which the stream strikes the floor is

(a) x = 2 h(H − h) (b) x = 2gh

(c) x = vt (d) x = 2 h(H + h)

22. At what depth should another hole be punched so that the second stream has same range?

(a) there is only one depth 'h' which will give ________ to this range

(b) y = H − 2h (c) y = H − h

(d) None of these

23. At what depth d should a small hole be made to make the emerging horizontal water
stream strike the floor at the maximum distance from the walls

H
(a) H (b)
4

3H H
(c) (d)
4 2

24. What is the maximum range or what is the maximum distance from the walls?
MECHANICS 206

H 3H H
(a) H (b) (c) (d)
4 4 2

25. Consider a liquid discharging from the orifice in a tank at a depth h below the surface. If
the orifice were curved upwards how high would the stream of water
rise?

(a) Till its final vertical velocity became zero

v2
(b) (c) h
2g

(d) All the above

26. The speed of efflux of a liquid from an opening in an open tank, taking into account the
velocity of top surface of the liquid is given by

(area of tank = A1; area of opening = A2)

2gh 2gh
(a) v 22 = (b) v 2 = 2
v12 A 
1− 2 1−  2 
v2
 A1 

(c) v 2 = 2gh (d) Both (a) and (b)

Data for Q. 27 to Q.29

Consider two tanks. Tank 1 contains a liquid of density 1 and has a hole of cross-
sectional area A1 at a depth h, tank 2 contains a liquid of density 2 and has a hole of
cross-sectional area A2 at same depth h. Given A1 = 2 A2.

27. If the mass flux (that is the mass of liquid flowing per second) is observed to be the same,
the ratio of the densities is

(a) 1 : 2 = 2 :1 (b) 1 : 2 = 1: 2

(c) 1 : 2 = 1:1 (d) None of these

28. What is the ratio of volume flux? Volume flux is denoted by S

MECHANICS 207

(a) S1 :S2 = 1: 2 (b) S1 :S2 = 2 :1

(c) S1 :S2 = 1:1 (d) None of these

29. What is the ratio of depths in the two tanks if volume flux is equal?

(a) h1 : h 2 = 4 :1 (b) h1 : h 2 = 2 :1

(c) h 2 = 4h1 (d) h1 : h 2 = 2 : 3

30. The thrust exerted on a rocket due to escape of its exhaust gases is

(a) A 0 [p − p 0 ] (b) A0  p

(c) A 0 p 0 (d) A 0 [p − p 0 ]

A0 = area of the orifice or nozzle at bottom of chamber

p = pressure in the chamber

p0 = atmospheric pressure

31. The accumulation of ice on the wings of an airplane may change the shape of the wing in
such a way that the lift is greatly reduced because

(a) curvature of the wing may be reduced

(b) angle of wing with respect to wind direction my increase

(c) the formation of streamlines may be affected

(d) all the above

32. A pitot tube is mounted on an airplane wing to determine the speed of the plane. The
difference in levels in the tubes was found to be h. The speed of the plane now increases
to twice its original speed.

The difference in levels in the tube will therefore be

(a) 2h (b) 4h

(c) 3h (d) 5h
MECHANICS 208

33. Water is flowing through a horizontal pipe at a velocity of 2 mts/sec. The gauge pressure
(difference between the pressure and atmospheric pressure) at a certain point A is 104
pascals. The gauge pressure at a second point B where the tube constricts and has cross-
sectional area one half that at the first is

(a) 4000 pascals (b) 105 pascals

(c) 104 pascals (d) 50,000 pascals

34. The gauge pressure required in the city mains in order that a stream from a fire hose
connected to the mains may reach a vertical height of 20 metres is (neglect velocity of
fluid in mains) [assume g = 10 mts/sec2]

(a) 104 pascals (b) 2 × 105 pascals

(c) 3 × 105 pascals (d) 4 × 105 pascals

35. Water is flowing through a pipe. At a certain point inside the pipe, its velocity is 1 mt/sec
and the gauge pressure is 3 × 105 pascals. The gauge pressure at a second point in the
pipe 20 metres lower than the first and [g = 10 mts/sec−2] cross-section one half that at
first is

(a) 4.985 × 104 pascals (b) 3 × 105 pascals

(c) 4.985 × 105 pascals (d) 4.985 × 106 pascals

Data for Q. 36 to Q. 43

Water is used as the manometric liquid in a pitot or prandtl tube mounted in an aircraft to
pressure air/speed. Density of air = 1.5 kg/mt3 [g = 10 mt/sec2] [ 10 = 3.162 ]

36. The pressure difference between air below the lower surface and air above the upper
surface of the wing [if the velocity over the upper surface = 60 ms/sec and velocity below
the lower surface = 40 mts/sec] is

(a) 1.5 × 103 pascals (b) 1.5 × 105 pascals

(c) 2 × 103 pascals (d) None of these

MECHANICS 209

37. In the above problem, what is the lift on the wing if its area is 15 mt2

(a) 30000 newtons (b) 2.25 × 106 newtons

(c) 22500 newtons (d) None of the above

38. If the plane weights 500 kg what is the net force on it

(a) 25000 newtons (b) 2.245 × 106 newtons

(c) 17500 newtons (d) None of these

39. If the maximum difference in height in the Pitot or Prandtl tube is 0.3 m, what is the
maximum air speed measurable?

(a) 60 m/s (b) 63.24 m/s

(c) 50 m/s (d) None of these

40. Suppose the air below the wing of the airplane were stagnant and the air above the
airplane is moving at speed v. If air is assumed incompressible the greatest possible value
for v (which occurs when pressure above the airplane is negligibly small) is

Atmospheric pressure = 105 pascals

(a) 200 m/s (b) 250 m/s

(c) 300 m/s (d) > 330 m/s

41. A ping pong ball is suspended in mid air in a jet of air blown from the floor. The ball
bounced around a little but always returns to the centre of the jet even if it is tilted. This
is because

(a) the ping pong ball is attracted to the centre of the jet electromagnetically

(b) the high velocity of the jet liquid results in the low pressure in the middle of the jet

(c) both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above

MECHANICS 210

42. Consider a sprayer used for spraying scents or perfumes

Air is blown through a tube T and is made to pass through aperture O

(a) Pressure of air at O increases because air is blown through tube T

and emerges from O at high velocities

(b) Pressure of air at O decreases since velocity of air stream increases as it passes
through the narrow aperture O

(c) Pressure of air at O decreases because air is blown through tube T and emerges from
O with low velocities

(d) None of the above

43. During storms, when the velocity of wind is very high, it tears off roofs of buildings. This
is because of

(a) pressure exerted by the very high wind on the roof

(b) the pressure of moving air outside the roof being less than the pressure of stationary
air inside the roof

(c) the wind carries off the roof with it

(d) None of the above

44. The bottom of a broad vessel is provided with a narrow tube through which water can
flow. The orifice is covered by a screen which allows water to pass through it. If a light
ball (e.g. ping-pong ball) is submerged forcibly to the bottom of the vessel, and then
released, the ball does not return to the top whereas if the outflow is stopped it
immediately rises. This is because

(a) the ball gets stuck to the screen

(b) the ball tries to move along with stream but stops trying to when the stream is stopped

(c) the ball remains near the screen due to inertia

MECHANICS 211

(d) in the flowing liquid, pressure inside the narrow tube is less than pressure in vessel,
hence ball remains. Otherwise, if liquid is static, pressure is same all over and ball
returns to surface.

45. What will happen if a stream of air is blown through a tube under one of the pans of a
physical balance in equilibrium?

(a) the pan may go up or down depending upon the metal of which it is made

(b) the pan goes down

(c) the scale tips in the direction of the pan under which air is blown

(d) both (b) and (c)

46. Two ping pong balls are suspended. A stream of air is directed in the space in between
them. The balls

(a) come closer (b) go up

(c) remain steady (d0 grow further apart

47. A vessel containing water is given an acceleration 'a' as shown, which of the following
diagrams represents the liquid surface

48. A body floats in a liquid contained in a beaker. The whole system is falling freely under
gravity. The upthrust on the body due to liquid is

(a) zero (b) equal to weight of body in air

(c) equals wieght of displace liquid (d) None of these

MECHANICS 212

ANSWER KEYS

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (b)

11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (d) 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b)

21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (c) 30. (a)

31. (d) 32. (b) 33. ( ) 34. ( ) 35. ( ) 36. (a) 37. (c) 38. (c) 39. ( ) 40.(d)

41. (b) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44.(d) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (a)
MECHANICS 213

LAGRANGIAN & HAMILTONIAN FORMULATIONS

1. The Lagrangian of a particle moving in a plane under the influence of a central potential
1
is given by 𝐿 = 2 𝑚(𝑟̇ 2 + 𝑟 2 𝜃̇ 2 ) − 𝑉(𝑟). The generalized momenta corresponding to r and

 are given by:

(a) 𝑚𝑟̇ 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚𝑟 2 𝜃̇ (b) 𝑚𝑟̇ 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚𝑟𝜃̇

(c) 𝑚𝑟̇ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚𝑟 2 𝜃̇ (d) 𝑚𝑟̇ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚𝑟 2 𝜃̇ 2

2. A bead of mass 'm' slides along a wire kept in vertical plane as shown in figure. The
equation of the wire is y = x2. Lagrangian of the bead is

1 1
(a) 2 𝑚𝑥̇ 2 (1 + 4𝛼 2 𝑥 2 ) − 𝑚𝑔𝛼𝑥 2 (b) 2 𝑚𝑥̇ 2 (1 + 4𝛼 2 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑚𝑔𝛼𝑥 2

1 1 1 1
(c) 2 𝑚𝑦̇ 2 (1 + 4𝑦𝛼) − 𝑚𝑔𝑦 (d) 2 𝑚𝑦̇ 2 (1 + 4𝑦𝛼) + 𝑚𝑔𝑦

3. A thin wire is rotated with uniform angular velocity  in horizontal plane. A bead of mass
'm' slides on the wire. Distance of the bead from the fixed end of the wire as a function
of time can be written as

(a) r =a cos t + B sin t (b) r = Aet

(c) r = Ae−t + Bet (d) r = A tanh (t)

−2𝑘
4. A particle of mass m moves along x-axis under the action of a force 𝐹 = 𝑥3
. Its motion
is described by the Lagrangian

𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑘 𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2 2𝑘
(a) ( ) + (b) ( ) +
2 𝑑𝑡 𝑥2 2 𝑑𝑡 𝑥3

𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑘 𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2 2𝑘
(c) ( )
2 𝑑𝑡
− 𝑥2 (d) ( )
2 𝑑𝑡
− 𝑥3
MECHANICS 214

5. With the positive z-axis chosen to be upwards, the Lagrangian of a particle of mass m
falling under gravity is

1 1
(a) 2 𝑚𝑧̇ 2 − 𝑚𝑔𝑧 (b) − 2 𝑚𝑧̇ 2 − 𝑚𝑔𝑧

1 1
(c) 2 𝑚𝑧̇ 2 + 𝑚𝑔𝑧 (d) − 2 𝑚𝑧̇ 2 + 𝑚𝑔𝑧

6. The Lagrangian of a particle of mass m moving in a central potential V(r) is

1
𝐿 = 2 𝑚(𝑟̇ 2 + 𝑟𝜃̇ 2 + 𝑟 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝜙̇ 2 ) − 𝑉(𝑟)

(a)  is a cyclic coordinate (b)  and  are cyclic coordinates

(c)  is a cyclic coordinate (d) r is a cyclic coordinate

7. If a generalised co-ordinate q is ignorable or cyclic in a Lagrangian L, then the following

is conserved.

𝜕𝐿 𝜕𝐿
(a) 𝜕𝑞 (b) 𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝐿 𝑑 𝜕𝐿
(c) 𝜕𝑞̇ (d) 𝑑𝑡 (𝜕𝑞̇ )

8. A double pendulum consists of two point masses m attached by massless strings of length
l as shown in the figure:

The kinetic energy of the pendulum is:

1 1
(a) 2 𝑚ℓ2 [𝜃̇12 + 𝜃̇22 ] (b) 2 𝑚ℓ2 [2𝜃̇12 + 𝜃̇22 + 2𝜃̇1 𝜃̇2 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜃1 − 𝜃2 )]

1 1
(c) 2 𝑚ℓ2 [𝜃̇12 + 2𝜃̇22 + 2𝜃̇1 𝜃̇2 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜃1 − 𝜃2 )] (d) 2 𝑚ℓ2 [2𝜃̇12 + 𝜃̇22 + 2𝜃̇1 𝜃̇2 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜃1 + 𝜃2 )]
MECHANICS 215

𝑥̇ 2
9. If the Lagrangian of a particle moving in one dimension is given by 𝐿 = 2𝑥 − 𝑉(𝑥), the
Hamiltonian is:

1 𝑥̇ 2
(a) 2 𝑥𝑝2 + 𝑉(𝑥) (b) 2𝑥 + 𝑉(𝑥)

1 𝑝2
(c) 2 𝑥̇ 2 + 𝑉(𝑥) (d) 2𝑥 + 𝑉(𝑥)

10. If the Lagrangian of a system has only one term which has a linear dependence on
velocity, then its Hamiltonian

(a) Also has only one term depending on velocity

(b) Is zero (c) Is not defined

(d) Is independent of velocity and is constant

1 1
11. If Lagrangian of a system 𝐿 = 2 𝑚𝑥̇ 2 − 2 𝑘𝑥 2 then 𝑝̇𝑥 is equal to

𝑘𝑝𝑥
(a) 𝑚
(b) kx

𝑘𝑥
(c) −kx (d) 2

1 1
12. The dynamics of a particle governed by the Lagrangian 𝐿 = 2 𝑚𝑥̇ 2 − 2 𝑘𝑥 2 − 𝑘𝑥𝑥̇ 𝑡
describes

(a) an undamped simple harmonic oscillator

(b) a damped harmonic oscillator with a time varying damping factor

(c) an undamped harmonic oscillator with a time dependent frequency

(d) a free particle

13. The Lagrangian of a particle of mass m moving in one dimension is given by

1
𝐿 = 2 𝑚𝑥̇ 2 − 𝑏𝑥

where b is a positive constant. The coordinate of the particle x(t) at time t is given by: (in
the following c1 an c2 are constants)
MECHANICS 216

𝑏
(a) − 2𝑚 𝑡 2 + 𝑐1 𝑡 + 𝑐2 (b) c1t + c2

𝑏𝑡 𝑏𝑡 𝑏𝑡 𝑏𝑡
(c) 𝑐1 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 𝑚 ) + 𝑐2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑚 ) (d) 𝑐1 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ ( 𝑚 ) + 𝑐2 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ ( 𝑚 )

1
14. Lagrangian of a particle is 𝐿 = 2 𝑚(𝑟̇ 2 + 𝑟 2 𝜃̇ 2 ) − 𝑉(𝑟). Which of the following options is
correct?

1 1
(a) 𝜃̇ ∝ 𝑟 (b) 𝜃̇ ∝ 𝑟2

(c) 𝜃̇ ∝ 𝑟 (d) 𝜃̇ ∝ 𝑟 2

𝑚 𝑘
15. The Lagrangian of a diatomic molecule is given by 𝐿 = (𝑥̇ 12 + 𝑥̇ 22 ) − 𝑥1 𝑥2 , where m is
2 2

the mass of each of the atoms and x1 and x2 are the displacements of atoms measured
from the equilibrium position and k > 0. The normal frequencies are

𝑘 1/2 𝑘 1/4
(a) (𝑚) (b) (𝑚)

𝑘 1/4 𝑘 1/2
(c) (2𝑚) (d) (2𝑚)

16. Consider a particle of mass m attached to two identical springs each of length l and spring
constant k (see the figure below). The equilibrium configuration is the one where the
springs are unstretched. There are no other external forces on the system. If the particle
is given a small displacement along the x-axis, which of the following describes the
equation of motion for small oscillations?

𝑘𝑥 3
(a) 𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑙2
=0 (b) 𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑘𝑥 = 0

𝑘𝑥 2
(c) 𝑚𝑥̈ + 2𝑘𝑥 = 0 (d) 𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑙
=0

1 1
17. The Lagrangian of a system is given by 𝐿 = 2 𝑞̇ 2 + 𝑞𝑞̇ − 2 𝑞 2 . It describes the motion of

(a) A harmonic oscillator (b) A damped harmonic oscillator

(c) An anharmonic oscillator (d) A system with unbounded motion

18. The Lagrangian for a particle of mass m at a position 𝑟⃗ moving with a velocity 𝑣⃗ is given
𝑚 2
by 𝐿 = 2
𝑣⃗ + 𝐶𝑟⃗ ⋅ 𝑣⃗ − 𝑉(𝑟), where V(r) is a potential and C is a constant. If 𝑝⃗𝑐 is the

canonical momentum, then its Hamiltonian is given by

MECHANICS 217

1 1
(a) 2𝑚 (𝑝⃗𝑐 + 𝐶𝑟⃗)2 + 𝑉(𝑟) (b) 2𝑚 (𝑝⃗𝑐 − 𝐶𝑟⃗)2 + 𝑉(𝑟)

𝑝2 1
(c) 2𝑚𝑐 + 𝑉(𝑟) (d) 2𝑚 𝑝𝑐2 + 𝐶 2 𝑟 2 + 𝑉(𝑟)

1 5
19. The Lagrangian of a system is given by 𝐿 = 2 𝑚𝑞̇ 12 + 2𝑚𝑞̇ 22 − 𝑘 (4 𝑞12 + 2𝑞22 − 2𝑞1 𝑞2 )

where m and k are positive constants. The frequencies of its normal modes are

𝑘 3𝑘 𝑘
(a) √2𝑚 , √ 𝑚 (b) √2𝑚 (13 + √73)

5𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 6𝑘
(c) √2𝑚 , √𝑚 (d) √2𝑚 , √ 𝑚
MECHANICS 218

ANSWER KEYS

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (a)

11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (a)