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GR 7 Ns Term 2 Week 2

The document outlines a one-week lesson plan on the properties of materials, focusing on strength, flexibility, boiling point, melting point, and conductivity. It includes detailed lessons on physical properties, classwork activities for comparing material strength, and discussions on boiling and melting points, as well as electrical and heat conductivity. Each lesson is structured with key concepts, class activities, and questions to assess understanding.

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Buki Gubu
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262 views4 pages

GR 7 Ns Term 2 Week 2

The document outlines a one-week lesson plan on the properties of materials, focusing on strength, flexibility, boiling point, melting point, and conductivity. It includes detailed lessons on physical properties, classwork activities for comparing material strength, and discussions on boiling and melting points, as well as electrical and heat conductivity. Each lesson is structured with key concepts, class activities, and questions to assess understanding.

Uploaded by

Buki Gubu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STRAND: MATTER AND MATERIALS

TOPIC: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS


DURATION: 1 WEEK
CONTENT & CONCEPTS; • Properties of Materials:
o Strength
o Flexibility
o Boiling point
o Melting point
o Electrical and heat conductivity
• Impact on the environment
PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: Gr 4: Materials around us

LESSON 1
LESSON TITLE: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
DATE: 15/04/2025
DURATION: 1 HOUR
KEY CONCEPTS: • strength is the ability of a material to withstand a force without breaking
• flexibility is the ability of a material to bend or be rolled without cracking
Or breaking

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS


• Everything around us is made of matter.
• Matter takes up space and has mass. It can be a liquid, solid or gas.
• Materials are substances we use to make things or do things with.
• Materials can be natural like wood, or man-made like plastic.
• We choose materials for certain uses, depending on their physical properties.
• Physical properties include:
• Strength - how strong it is
• Flexibility - how easily it bends
• Melting point - the temperature at which the material changes from a solid to a liquid
• Boiling point - the temperature at which a material changes from a liquid to a gas
• Electrical conductivity - how easily the material lets electricity flow through it
• Heat conductivity - how easily the material allows heat to move through it

STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY


• Materials can have strength in different ways.
• Concrete is a very strong material that does not change shape easily.
• It is not easy to crush.
• We say it has compressive strength.
• Steel is strong in a different way.
• It can resist being stretched.
• We say steel has tensile strength.
• Flexibility is a measure of how easy it is to bend a material.
• Fabric for clothing is an example of a flexible material.

CLASSWORK
Comparing the strength of different flexible materials
AIM
In this investigation, we will compare the STRENGTH of six FLEXIBLE materials.
YOU NEED:
● Squares (20cm x 20cm) of: exercise book paper, shopping bag plastic, tinfoil, fabric,
thin cardboard, newspaper
● Six paperclips bent into hooks
● Sticky tape
● A piece of string approximately 15cm long, or an elastic band
● A paper cup
● marbles

METHOD
1. Tape each square to the edge of a table or window sill.
2. Hook the paperclip through each square at the same distance from the edge.
3. Tie the string or elastic around the neck of the 1 litre bottle so that you have a loop to hang it with.
4. Hang the bottle on the hook on the first piece of material.
5. Pour 250ml of water into the bottle.
6. If the material holds, add another 250ml.
7. Continue until either the material breaks/ tears or the bottle is full.
8. Repeat the test for each square,
9. Write your results in a table like the one below:

Material Number of marbles before it can hold before breaking


Paper
Foil
Plastic
Cardboard
Questions
1. Draw a bar graph comparing the strength of the different materials
2. Which material is the strongest?
3. Which material is the weakest?
4. Arrange the materials from weakest to strongest
LESSON 2
LESSON TITLE: BOILING AND MELTING POINTS
DATE: 16/04/2025
DURATION: 1 HOUR
KEY CONCEPTS: • boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
• melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

BOILING POINT AND MELTING POINT


•Water can be a solid (ice), a liquid or a gas (water vapour).
•Melting occurs when a solid substance changes into a liquid state.
•The melting point is the temperature at which the solid becomes a liquid.
•Different substances have different melting points, e.g.: Iron melts at 1538°C and ice
melts at around 0°C.
•If you heat a liquid it will eventually boil.
•We call this the boiling point.
•Different substances boil at different temperatures e.g.: Iron boils at 2862°C and water
at around 100°C.
•Boiling points and melting points can vary slightly depending on air pressure or impuri-
ties in the liquid.
•An example is that water boils at about 96°C in Johannesburg because of the lower air
pressure.

CLASSWORK
1. Study the table below and answer the questions that follow
MATERIAL MELTING POINT (°C) BOILING POINT (°C)
Iron 1538 2862
Lead 327 1749
Gold 1064 2856
Water 0 100
Paraffin -20 150
Wax 60 370

Questions
1. Differentiate between the boiling point and melting point of a substance (2)
2. Draw a bar graph comparing the melting points of the different materials (4)
3. Arrange the materials from lowest to melting boiling point (1)
4. Which material would be most suitable for making cooking pots? Give a reason for your answer. (3)
LESSON 3
LESSON TITLE: ELECTRICAL and HEAT CONDUCTIVITY
DATE: 17/04/2025
DURATION: 1 HOUR
KEY CONCEPTS: electrical conductivity is how easily a material allows electricity to pass through it
• heat conductivity is how easily a material allows heat to pass through it

RESOURCES: circuit board, paper, plastic, coin, iron nail, copper wire, graphite

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
• Electricity moves as an electrical current.
• Some materials allow electricity to flow through them easily.
• Materials that allow electricity to move through them are called electrical conductors.
• Examples of conductors are copper and stainless steel.
• Some materials do not allow electricity to pass through them.
• These are called electrical insulators.
• An example of an insulator is plastic.
• The property of carrying electricity is called electrical conductivity.
• We use the electrical conductivity of copper to make electrical wiring.
• The wire is covered in an insulator like plastic to protect us from electrical shock.

HEAT CONDUCTIVITY
• Some materials allow heat to flow through them easily.
• The ability of a material to allow heat to travel through it is called heat or thermal
conductivity.
• Examples of materials that have good thermal conductivity are aluminium and stainless
steel.
• Materials with low thermal conductivity are known as thermal insulators

CLASSWORK
Classroom Activity 3, p119 (SOLUTIONS FOR ALL)

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