FARM STRUCTURES

This topic entails the following:

 Description of parts of a building
 Identification of materials for construction
 Description of various farm structures and their uses
 Construction and maintenance of farm structures.

The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly
motivate and help the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and
practices:

1. Mention four disadvantages of using steel materials for construction of farm

structures
2. Give two reasons for placing a polythene sheet on a foundation of farm
buildings
3. What is “calf crop” in beef production?

4. a) Outline the procedure in construction of a barbed wire fence

b) List any four wood preservatives

c) Give four factors that will determine the choice of farm building materials

5. i) Give four factors considered when citing a fish pond

ii) Give four features of a good laying nest

6 State two uses of a footbath in cattle dip

7 a) What is a green house

b) Name four materials used in green house construction

c) Give four maintenance practices carried out on a green house

d) Explain the importance of maintaining farm structures

8 Give two disadvantages of a barbed wire fence when used in paddocking

9 The diagram below illustrates a cross-section of a fish pond. Study it carefully

and answer the
questions that follow:-

Y Z
X
 (a) Identify the parts marked A, B, C and C

(b) On the diagram the points marked X, Y and Z are possible sites where fish
feeding
can be done. Which is the most appropriate point for feeding?

(c) Give two reasons why the floor of the pond should be covered with lime
14days before
filling it with water
(d) Why should part marked B be screened?

(e) State three maintenance practices carried out on the structure

10. Study the farm structure below illustrating a pass:-

(a) Identify the type of pass illustrated above

(b) Distinguish between a pass and a gate

(c) Name one type of live fence

11 State four requirements of a good maize store

12 State three factors that determine the depth and size of foundation in a farm
building
13 (a) Explain the uses of various hand tools in the construction of a poultry
house
(b) Describe the procedure of erecting wooden rail fence
 (c) Explain various factors considered when choosing the construction
materials for farm building
14 State four features of a good calf pen

15 State four uses of a fence

16 Below is a diagram of a cross section of a farm structure. Study it carefully

and answer the
following questions.

(i) Identify the labeled parts A, B, and C

(ii) What is the importance of the part labeled B to the structure

(b) (i) When making concrete blocks the ratio 1:3:5 may be used. What do
these figures
represent?
(ii) In a concrete mixture 1:3:5, twenty four cubic metres of sand were
recommended to be
used in putting up of a foundation of a building. Find the volume of
the other two
17 (a) Explain the maintenance practices of a fish pond
(b) Give four ways of controlling fish predators in a fish pond

18 Mention four reasons of treating timber before roofing farm buildings

19 List four uses of crushing in the farm

20 a) Define the term fence

b) List various types of fences

 c) Describe advantages of fences

21 Study the illustration of a farm structure below and answer the questions that
follow

i) Name the parts labeled

ii) State the function of the parts labeled

iii) Name two chemicals preservatives used to treat the wooden parts of the
structure against
insects and fungal damage

21. Below is a diagram of a fish pond, study it and answer the questions that
follow
 i) Label the parts marked K and L

ii) Give a reason why part M is usually deeper than the rest of the pond

iii) State three maintenance practices carried out in the pond

22. a) Explain five factors to consider when siting a fish pond

b) Explain the measures used to control livestock diseases

23. State four factors which influence the selection of materials for constructing a
diary shed
24. a)The illustration below shows a method of identifying pigs, study the
diagram and answer the questions that follow:-

30 3
20 200
2
100

50 5

i) On the diagram A provided below, draw the mark to indicate a pig number
147,
using the procedure of ear-notching in diagram

ii) What is the recommended stage of growth in pigs at which the ear-notching
should be
carried out?
iii) State any three reasons why weight is an important routine management
practice in pig
production
 b) Below are illustrations showing the various parts of the Kenya top bar hive.
Use the illustration
to answer the question that follow
D

B
i) label the parts B ,C and D
ii) How can a farmer attract bees to colonize a new hive?
iii) Outline the procedure of opening the hive to harvest honey
25. a) State five maintenance practices of a mould board plough

b) Explain five structural and functional differences between the petrol and
diesel engines c) List five uses of farm fences
26. State four uses of farm buildings

27. List four structural requirements for proper housing of farm animal to
maintain good health
28. The diagram below is part of a farm structure. Study it and then answer the
questions that follow:

(a) Name part of structure represented above

(b) Identify parts labelled P, Q, R, and S

(c) Give the functions of the part labeled P and S

29. The diagram below shows an activity of processing a farm product. Study it
and answer the
questions that follow:
 (a) Name the product being processed

(b) Identify the method used in processing the product names in the diagram

(c) Outline the procedure used when harvesting the product named in the
diagram
(d) List two factors that affect quality of the product processed in the diagram

30. Study the diagram of a sheep shown below carefully and answer the questions
that follow: Ear

Mouth

(i) What operation is usually carried out on the part labelled A?

(ii) Give two reasons for carrying out the operation in (i) above

(iii) At what age should the above operation be carried out?

(v) Name routine management practice carried out on the part labelked B

31 (a) Describe five parts of a plunge dip

(b) Outline six uses of live fences on the farm

(c) Outline four factors that influence power output of drought animals

32. a) Explain the factors a farmer needs to consider before siting a farm structure
on his farm
b) Outline the desirable features of a good grain store
 c) Describe the uses of farm fences in promotion of agriculture

33. Name any two pests that attack timber used for construction in the farms

34. State three factors that may lead to dip wash being exhausted or weakened
while in the
dip tank