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Chapter 12 – Limits and Derivatives

Previous years questions and Answers

MARCH 2024

xn −an
1. i) lim =………. (1)
n→a x−a

Ans: 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1
xn −2n
ii) lim = 32, then find the value of n. (2)
n→2 x−2

𝑛. 2𝑛−1 = 25 = 22 × 23
𝑛 × 2𝑛−1 = 4 × 24−1 ⟹ 𝑛 = 4
1
2. i) Using first principle find the derivative of f(x) = x (3)
1
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥
1
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) =
𝑥+ℎ
1 1 𝑥 − (𝑥 + ℎ) −ℎ
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = − = =
𝑥+ℎ 𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑥(𝑥 + ℎ)
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(ℎ) 1 −ℎ
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ × ]
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ 𝑥(𝑥 + ℎ)
−1 1 1
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ ]=− =− 2
ℎ→0 𝑥(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑥(𝑥 + 0) 𝑥

d x2 +1
ii) Find dx (x2 −1). (3)

x2 + 1
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑦 = 2
x −1
2 𝑑 2 2 𝑑 2
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 − 1) × 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) − (𝑥 + 1) × 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 − 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 1)2
(𝑥 2 − 1) × (2𝑥 + 0) − (𝑥 2 + 1) × (2𝑥 − 0)
=
(𝑥 2 − 1)2
(𝑥 2 − 1)2𝑥 − (𝑥 2 + 1)2𝑥 2𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 4𝑥
= = = −
(𝑥 2 − 1)2 (𝑥 2 − 1)2 (𝑥 2 − 1)2

IMPROVEMENT 2023

3. Using first principle, find the derivative of y = x 2 . (3)

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2

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𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = (𝑥 + ℎ)2
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + ℎ)2 − 𝑥 2
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(ℎ) (𝑥 + ℎ)2 − 𝑥 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ ]
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ
(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − 𝑥 2
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ ] = 2 𝑥 2−1 = 2𝑥
(𝑥+ℎ)→0 (𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑥

4. i) lim(x + 1) = ……… (1)

x→3

lim(x + 1) = 3 + 1 = 4
x→3
x2 −4x+3
ii) Evaluate, lim x−3
(2)
x→3
x2 −4x+3 9−12+3 0
lim x−3
= 3−3
=0
x→3
x2 −4x+3 (𝑥−3)(𝑥−1)
∴ lim x−3
= lim 𝑥−3
= lim (𝑥 − 1) = 3 − 1 = 2
x→3 x→3 x→3

d 1−sin x
iii) Find dx (1+sin x) (3)
1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑦 =
1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)[0 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥] − (1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)[0 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥]
=
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2
𝑑𝑦 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) − (1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2
𝑑𝑦 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2
𝑑𝑦 −2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2

MARCH 2023
2x + 3 if x ≤ 0
5. If f: R ⟶ R defined by f(x) = { . Evaluate lim f(x). (3)
3(x + 1)if x > 0 x→0

𝐿𝐻𝐿 = lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = lim−(2𝑥 + 3) = 2(0) + 3 = 3

𝑥→0 𝑥→0

𝑅𝐻𝐿 = lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+ 3(𝑥 + 1) = 3(0 + 1) = 3

𝑥→0 𝑥→0

∴ lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim (2𝑥 + 3) = 2(0) + 3 = 3

𝑥→0 𝑥→0

𝐿𝐻𝐿 = 𝑅𝐻𝐿 = 𝑓(0)

Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) exists.
6. i) Find the derivative of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 using 1st principles. (4)
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = tan(𝑥 + ℎ)

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sin(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = tan(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = −
cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
sin(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
=
cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
sin(𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ
= =
cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
1 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = lim [ × ]
ℎ→0 ℎ cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ℎ→0 ℎ cos(𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
1 1
=1× = = sec 2 𝑥
cos(𝑥 + 0) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 cos2 𝑥

𝑑𝑦
ii) If 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 , 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑥 (2)

𝑦 = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥. 1 = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥

IMPROVEMENT 2022
2𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 ≤ 0
7. Find lim 𝑓(𝑥), where 𝑓(𝑥) = { (3)
𝑥→0 3(𝑥 + 1), 𝑥 > 0
Refer 2023 March : Q No. 5

8. a) Find the derivative of 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 from first principle. (3)

Refer 2023 Improvement Q No. 3
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑦
b) If 𝑦 = 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 , find 𝑑𝑥 (3)

𝑑𝑦 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)(−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥. (0 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − sin2 𝑥 − cos 2 𝑥

= =
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2

−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − (sin2 𝑥 + cos 2 𝑥) −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 1 −(1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) 1

= 2
= 2
= 2
=−
(1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

MARCH 2022

9. Evaluate the following limits:

a) lim (𝑥 2 − 4) (1)
𝑥→2

= 22 − 4 = 4 − 4 = 0
𝑥 2 −4
b) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( ) (1)
𝑥→2 𝑥−2

𝑥2 − 4 22 − 4 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( )= =
𝑥→2 𝑥−2 2−2 0
𝑥 2 − 22 𝑥 2 − 22
∴ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( ) = 2 × 22−1 = 2 × 2 = 4 | 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( ) = 2 × 22−1
𝑥→2 𝑥−2 𝑥→2 𝑥−2

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𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥
c) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1)
𝑥→0 𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥

𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 × 4 = 4 × 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =4×1=4
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 4𝑥 4𝑥→0 4𝑥

10. i) Find the derivative of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 using first principle. (3)

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = cos(𝑥 + ℎ)
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = cos(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑥+ℎ+𝑥 𝑥+ℎ−𝑥
= −2 sin ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )
2 2
2𝑥 + ℎ ℎ
= −2 sin ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )
2 2
2𝑥 + ℎ ℎ ℎ
−2 sin ( 2 ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2) 2𝑥 + ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2)
′ (𝑥)
𝑓 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ ] = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [− sin ( )× ]
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 2 ℎ
(2)
2𝑥 + 0
= − sin ( ) × 1 = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
2

𝑥2
ii) Find the derivative of (3)
3𝑥−1

𝑥2
𝑓(𝑥) =
3𝑥 − 1
𝑑 2 𝑑
(3𝑥 − 1). (𝑥 ) − 𝑥 2 (3𝑥 − 1)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(3𝑥 − 1)2
(3𝑥 − 1) × 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 (3 × 1 − 0)
=
(3𝑥 − 1)2
6𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3𝑥 2 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥
= =
(3𝑥 − 1)2 (3𝑥 − 1)2

IMPROVEMENT 2021

11. a) Find lim (𝑥 2 − 2) (1)

𝑥→2

lim (𝑥 2 − 2) = 22 − 2 = 4 − 2 = 2
𝑥→2
𝑥 2 −1
b) Evaluate: 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( 𝑥−1 ) (2)
𝑥→1

𝑥2 − 1 12 − 1 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( )= =
𝑥→1 𝑥−1 1−1 0
𝑥2 − 1 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 1)
𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ ] = 𝑙𝑖𝑚[x + 1] = 1 + 1 = 2
𝑥→1 𝑥−1 𝑥→1 (𝑥 − 1) 𝑥→1

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12. Find the derivative of the following with respect to 𝑥: (2+2)

𝑥2
𝑎)
𝑥+1
𝑥2
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥+1
𝑑 𝑑
(𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 2 ) − 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 + 1)2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 (1 + 0)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
(𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥 + 1)2
(𝑥 + 1)2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 (1 + 0) 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥
= = =
(𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥 + 1)2
𝑏) 𝑥 2 + 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 0 = 2𝑥

MARCH 2021
2𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 ≤ 0
13. Find lim 𝑓(𝑥), where 𝑓(𝑥) = { (3)
𝑥→0 3(𝑥 + 1), 𝑥 > 0
Refer 2023 March : Q No. 5

14. Find the derivative of

i) 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1) (2)
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1) = x 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 2(2𝑥) + 1 = 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1
𝑥+1
ii) (2)
𝑥
𝑥+1
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) − (𝑥 + 1) (𝑥)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2
𝑥(1 + 0) − (𝑥 + 1)(1) 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 1 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = = = −
𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥2

IMPROVEMENT 2020
\

15. Graph of a function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 is given below:

i. Find lim− 𝑓(𝑥) and lim+ 𝑓(𝑥). (2)

𝑥→1 𝑥→1

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim− 𝑥 2 = 12 = 1

𝑥→1− 𝑥→1

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+(𝑥 + 1) = 1 + 1 = 2

𝑥→1+ 𝑥→1

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ii. Does the limit Find lim− 𝑓(𝑥) exist? Give reason to your answer. (1)
𝑥→1

𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒, lim− 𝑓(𝑥) ≠ lim+ 𝑓(𝑥), 𝑓(𝑥) does not exist at 𝑥 = 1

𝑥→1 𝑥→1

16. Find the derivative of 𝑥 2 + 2 using first principle. (3)

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = (𝑥 + ℎ)2 + 2 = 𝑥 2 + 2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ2 + 2
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ2 + 2 − (𝑥 2 + 2) = 2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ2
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) 2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = lim = lim (2𝑥 + ℎ) = 2𝑥 + 0 = 2𝑥
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

MARCH 2020

17. Find the derivative of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 from first principle. (3)

Refer March 2022 Q 10(𝑖)

18. i. Derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + ⋯ + 𝑥 50 at 𝑥 = 1 is (1)

101
a) 50 b) 1250 c) 1275 d) 2

𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + ⋯ + 𝑥 50

𝑓′(𝑥) = 0 + 1 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 + ⋯ + 50𝑥 49

∴ 𝑓 ′ (1) = 1 + 2(1) + 3(12 ) + ⋯ + 50 × (1)49

50 × 51
∴ 𝑓 ′ (1) = 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 50 = = 1275
2

𝐴𝑛𝑠: (𝑐)

|𝑥|
, 𝑥≠0
ii. lim 𝑓(𝑥) if it exists, where 𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑥 (2)
𝑥→0 0, 𝑥 = 0
|𝑥|
𝐿𝐻𝐿 = lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = lim−
𝑥→0 𝑥𝑥→0
−
|0 − ℎ| |0 − ℎ| |−ℎ| ℎ
lim ( − ) = lim ( ) = lim ( ) = lim ( ) = lim (−1) = −1
ℎ→0 0 − ℎ ℎ→0 0 − ℎ ℎ→0 −ℎ ℎ→0 −ℎ ℎ→0

|𝑥|
𝑅𝐻𝐿 = lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥
|0+ + ℎ| |0 + ℎ| |ℎ| ℎ
lim ( + ) = lim ( ) = lim ( ) = lim ( ) = lim (1) = 1
ℎ→0 0 +ℎ ℎ→0 0+ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

Since, 𝐿𝐻𝐿 ≠ 𝑅𝐻𝐿, 𝑓(𝑥) does not exist at 𝑥 = 0.

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IMPROVEMENT 2019

𝑥 𝑛 −2𝑛
19. a) If lim [ ] = 80, then 𝑛 = ………….. (1)
𝑥→2 𝑥−2

𝑥 𝑛 − 2𝑛
lim [ ] = 80 ⟹ 𝑛 × 2𝑛−1 = 80 = 5 × 16 = 5 × 24
𝑥→2 𝑥−2

𝑛 × 2𝑛−1 = 5 × 25−1 ⟹ 𝑛 = 5

𝑑
b) The value of 𝑑𝑥 [𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥] =………. (1)
𝑑 𝑑
[𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥] = (1) = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑒 3𝑥 −1
20. a) Evaluate lim ( ) Deleted (2)
𝑥→0 𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
b) Find the derivative of 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 (2)

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑦=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) − (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)[𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − (−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)] − (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)[𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + (−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)]

=
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)

=
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)

=
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)

=
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

=
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

[(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 + (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )]

2(sin2 𝑥 + cos2 𝑥) 2×1 2

= 2
= 2
=
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

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c) Find the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 with respect to x from first principle. (2)
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = 2(𝑥 + ℎ) = 2𝑥 + 2ℎ

𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 2ℎ − 2𝑥 = 2ℎ

𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) 2ℎ
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = lim ( ) = lim (2) = 2
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

MARCH 2019

21. Consider the graph of the function f ( x )

22. a) Identify the function 𝑓(𝑥) (1)

i) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
ii) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
iii) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥
iv) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑒 𝑐𝑥
Ans: i) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝜋
𝑓(𝑥)−𝑓( )
2
b) Using function 𝑓(𝑥), find: 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋 𝜋 (2)
𝑥→ 𝑥−
2 2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑓 (2 ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋 = 2 = =
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 0
𝑥→
2 𝑥−2 𝑥−2 2−2
𝜋
𝑃𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = + ℎ
2
𝜋
As 𝑥 → 2
,ℎ → 0
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − sin (2 ) sin (2 + ℎ) − sin (2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ − 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋 𝜋 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝜋 𝜋 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( )=0
𝑥→ 𝑥 − ℎ→0
( + ℎ) − ℎ→0 ℎ
2 2 2 2

23. a) Find the derivative of 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 using the first principle. (3)

Improvement 2023, Q No. 3
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
b) Find 𝑑𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 (3)
𝑥
𝑦=
1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
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𝑑𝑦 (1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)(1) − 𝑥(0 + sec 2 𝑥)

=
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)2
𝑑𝑦 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)2

IMPROVEMENT 2018

𝑥−3
24. Consider the real valued function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 −𝑥−6

a) Find the domain of 𝑓(𝑥) (2)

𝑥−3
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥2 −𝑥−6
𝐼𝑓 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6 = 0 ⟹ (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = 3 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −2
Domain of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑅 − {−2,3}

b) Evaluate 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑓(𝑥) (1)

𝑥→3
𝑥−3 𝑥−3 1 1 1
𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑓(𝑥) = 𝐿𝑖𝑚 ( 2 ) = 𝐿𝑖𝑚 ( ) = 𝐿𝑖𝑚 ( )= =
𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6 𝑥→3 (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥→3 𝑥 + 2 3+2 5

25. a) Find the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 with respect to x. (1)

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 1 = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

b) Find the derivative of the function 𝑦 = √𝑥 with respect to x by using first principles. (3)
𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = √𝑥 + ℎ
(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + ℎ − √𝑥 = (√𝑥 + ℎ − √𝑥) ×
(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)
(√𝑥 + ℎ − √𝑥) (√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥) 𝑥+ℎ−𝑥 ℎ
= = =
(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥) (√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥) (√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)

𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) ℎ
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ (√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)

1 1 1 1
= lim = = =
ℎ→0 (√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥) √𝑥 + 0 + √𝑥 √𝑥 + √𝑥 2 √𝑥

MARCH 2018

26. a) 𝑙𝑖𝑚[𝑥] =. . . . . . . . .. (1)

𝑥→2
i) 2 ii) 3 iii) 0 iv) does not exist

𝐿𝐻𝐿 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚−[𝑥]
𝑥→2

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𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 2− + ℎ
∴ 𝐿𝐻𝐿 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚[2− + ℎ] = 𝑙𝑖𝑚[2 − ℎ] = 1
ℎ→0 ℎ→0

𝑅𝐻𝐿 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+[𝑥]
𝑥→2

𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 2+ + ℎ
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → 2+ , ℎ → 0
∴ 𝑅𝐻𝐿 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚[2+ + ℎ] = 𝑙𝑖𝑚[2 + ℎ] = 2
ℎ→0 ℎ→0

∵ 𝐿𝐻𝐿 ≠ 𝑅𝐻𝐿, 𝑓(𝑥) does not exist.

∴ 𝐴𝑛𝑠: 𝑖𝑣
𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 8 − 4(4) + 4(2) 0
𝑏) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = =
𝑥→2 𝑥2 − 4 22 − 4 0
𝑥(𝑥 2 − 4x + 4) 𝑥(x − 2)2 𝑥(x − 2) 2(2 − 2) 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 2
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = =0
𝑥→2 𝑥 −4 𝑥→2 (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2) 𝑥→2 (𝑥 + 2) 2+2 4

27. a) Find the derivative of y = sin x from the first principle. (3)
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥 + ℎ)
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = sin(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑥+ℎ+𝑥 𝑥+ℎ−𝑥
= −2 cos ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )
2 2
2𝑥 + ℎ ℎ
= −2 cos ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )
2 2
ℎ
2𝑥 + ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2) 2𝑥 + 0
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [− cos ( )× ] = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [− sin ( ) × 1] = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
ℎ→0 2 ℎ ℎ→0 2
(2)

dy 𝑥 5 −𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
b) Find , if 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 (3)
dx
𝑥 5 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝑦=
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 [5𝑥 4 − (−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)] − (𝑥 5 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 sin2 𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 [5𝑥 4 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥] − (𝑥 5 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

=
sin2 𝑥
5𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + sin 𝑥 − 𝑥 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + cos 2 𝑥
4 2
=
sin2 𝑥

1 + 5𝑥 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
sin2 𝑥

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IMPROVEMENT 2017

28. a) Find lim x 2 − 2

x →2
( ) (1)

𝑙𝑖𝑚(𝑥 2 − 2) = 22 − 2 = 4 − 2 = 2
𝑥→2

1
b) Find the derivative of from the first principles. (3)
x
Refer March 24 . Q No. 2(i)

c) Find the derivative of 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (2)

Refer March 2023 – Qn No. 6(ii)
OR
(𝑥+1)5 −1
a) Find 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2)
𝑥→0 𝑥

(𝑥 + 1)5 − 1 (𝑥 + 1)5 − 15
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 (𝑥 + 1) − 1

𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → 0, (𝑥 + 1) → 𝑥
(𝑥 + 1)5 − 15
∴ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑛 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 5 × 15−1 = 5
(𝑥+1)→𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) − 1

b) Find the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 from the first principles. (3)
Refer March 2022 – Qn No. 10(i)

c)
d n
dx
( x ) = ...... (1)

𝐴𝑛𝑠: 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
MARCH 2017

e sinx − 1
29. a) Lt = .......
x →0 x
i) 0 ii) 1 iii) 2 iv) 3 (1)

Deleted.

√1+𝑥−1
b) Find 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥
(2)
𝑥→0

√1 + 𝑥 − 1 √1 + 0 − 1 1 − 1 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = =
𝑥→0 𝑥 0 0 0

c) Find the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 by using the first principle. (3)
Refer March 2018 – Q No. 27 (a)

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IMPROVEMENT 2016

𝑑
30. a) (𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥) =. . . . . . . . .. (1)
𝑑𝑥

𝐴𝑛𝑠: sec 2 𝑥

e3 x − 1
b) Compute: lim . (2)
x →0 x
Deleted.

c) Using the first principle, find the derivative of cos x (3)

Refer March 2022 Q 10(𝑖)

OR
d
a) ( 9 + sinx ) = ............ (1)
dx
𝐴𝑛𝑠: 0 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥
b) Evaluate: 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2)
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑎
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ × 𝑎𝑥 × × ] = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 [ × × ]
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 𝑏
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → 0, 𝑎𝑥 → 0, 𝑏𝑥 → 0
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 1 𝑎
∴ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = [1 × 𝑎 × 1 × ] =
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 𝑏 𝑏

𝑑𝑦 4 + 5 sinx
c) Find 𝑑𝑥, if y = (3)
3 + 7cosx
4 + 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑦=
3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 (3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) (4 + 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − (4 + 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) (3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 (3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(0 + 5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) − (4 + 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)[0 + 7(−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)]
=
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − (4 + 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)(−7𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
=
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
15𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 35 cos 2 𝑥 + 28𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 35 sin2 𝑥
=
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
15𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 28𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 35(cos 2 𝑥 + sin2 𝑥 )
=
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
15𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 28𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 35(1) 15𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 28𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 35
= =
(3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2 (3 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2

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MARCH 2016

𝑑 𝑥𝑛
31. a) ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑛
=. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (1)
1
× 𝑛 𝑥 𝑛−1 = 𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑛
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
b) Differentiate 𝑦 = 𝑥+1
with respect to x (2)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑦=
𝑥+1
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)2
(𝑥 + 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(1 + 0) (𝑥 + 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
= =
(𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥 + 1)2

c) Using first principles, find the derivative of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥. (3)

Refer March 2022 Q 10(𝑖)

OR
𝑑
32. a) (−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) =. . . . . . . . . . . . .. (1)
𝑑𝑥

𝐴𝑛𝑠: − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑎 𝑏
b) Find 𝑑𝑥 if 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥, where a,b are constants. (2)
𝑎 𝑏
𝑦 =
4
− 2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 4 2
= 𝑎 × − 5 − 𝑏 × − 3 + (−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
4𝑎 2𝑏
= − 5 + 3 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
c) Using first principles, find the derivative of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (3)
Refer March 2018 – Q No. 27 (a)

IMPROVEMENT 2015
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
33. a) lim =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
𝑥→0 𝑥

i) 1 ii) −1 iii) 0 iv) 2 (1)

𝐴𝑛𝑠: 𝑖) 1

𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥
b) Find Lt (2)
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 4𝑥 × 4𝑥 4𝑥
Lt = Lt [ ]= × Lt [ 4𝑥 ]
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑥 2𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑥
2𝑥 × 2𝑥 2𝑥

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𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥
4
= × Lt [ 4𝑥 ] = 2 × 1 = 2 [𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → 0, 2𝑥, 4𝑥 → 0]
2 𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑥
2𝑥

c) Find the derivative of cosx using first principle. (3)

Refer March 2022 Q 10(𝑖)
OR

a) Derivative of x − 2 at x = 10 is ……..
2
(1)
i) 10 ii) 20 iii) −10 iv) −20
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥
𝑓 ′ (10) = 2(10) = 20

2𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 ≤ 0
b) If 𝑓(𝑥) = { . Find Lt 𝑓(𝑥) and Lt 𝑓(𝑥). (2)
3(𝑥 + 1), 𝑥 > 0 𝑥→0 𝑥→1

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 0:
𝐿𝐻𝐿 = lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = lim−(2𝑥 + 3) = 2(0) + 3 = 3
𝑥→0 𝑥→0

𝑅𝐻𝐿 = lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+ 3(𝑥 + 1) = 3(0 + 1) = 3

𝑥→0 𝑥→0

∴ lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim (2𝑥 + 3) = 2(0) + 3 = 3

𝑥→0 𝑥→0

𝐿𝐻𝐿 = 𝑅𝐻𝐿 = 𝑓(0)

Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) exists.

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 1:
𝐿𝐻𝐿 = lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = lim−3(𝑥 + 1) = 3(1 + 1) = 6
𝑥→1 𝑥→1

𝑅𝐻𝐿 = lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+ 3(𝑥 + 1) = 3(1 + 1) = 6

𝑥→1 𝑥→1

∴ lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim 3(𝑥 + 1) = 3(1 + 1) = 6

𝑥→1 𝑥→1

𝐿𝐻𝐿 = 𝑅𝐻𝐿 = 𝑓(1)

Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) exists.

𝑑𝑦
c) If xy = 𝑐 2 , prove that 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 2 = 0 (3)

xy = 𝑐 2
diff. w.r.t. 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 + 𝑦 (1) = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = −𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⟹ 𝑥2 = −𝑥𝑦 ⟹ 𝑥 2 = −𝑐 2 ⟹ 𝑥 2 + 𝑐 2 = 0, proved.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

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MARCH 2015
34. a) Match the following: (3)

e2 x − 1 1) 1
i) Lt
x →0 x
ii) Lt cos 5 x 2) 0
x →0

sin8 x 3) 2
iii) Lt
x →0 x
4) 8

i) Deleted
ii) Lt 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠5(0) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠0 = 1
𝑥→0
𝑠𝑖𝑛8𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛8𝑥
iii) Lt 𝑥
= Lt ( 8𝑥
) ×8=8×1=8
𝑥→0 𝑥→0

b) Find the derivative of 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 using the first principle. (3)

Refer March 2023 Q No. 6(i)
OR
a)
b)

c) Match the following: (3)

x 4 − 16 1) 0
i) Lt
x →2 x − 2

sin  x 2) 32
ii) Lt
x →0 cos 2 x
iii) Lt  r 2 3) 30
r →1

4) 

x 4 − 16 𝑥 4 − 24
𝑖) Lt = lim ( ) = 4 × 24−1 = 4 × 23 = 32
x →2 x − 2 x→2 𝑥−2
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛0 0
𝑖𝑖) Lt = = =0
𝑥→0 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠0 1
𝑖𝑖𝑖) Lt 𝜋𝑟 2 = 𝜋 × 12 = 𝜋
𝑟→1

x100 x 99 x2
b. If f (x ) = + + .......+ + x + 1, prove that f  (1) = 100 f  ( 0) . (3)
100 99 2
1 1 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = × 100𝑥 99 + × 99𝑥 98 + ⋯ + × 2𝑥 + 1 + 0
100 99 2

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= 𝑥 99 + 𝑥 98 + ⋯ + 𝑥 + 1
𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 𝑓 ′ (1) = (1 + 1 + 1 + ⋯ + 1) + 1 = 99 + 1 = 100
𝑅𝐻𝑆 = 100 × 𝑓 ′ (0) = 100 [0 + 0 + 0 + ⋯ 𝑡𝑜 99 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠) + 1] = 100(1) = 100
Hence, 𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆

IMPROVEMENT 2014
sin ax
35. a) Evaluate Lt . (3)
x →0 bx
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑎𝑥 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑎 𝑎
lim = lim = lim [ × ] = × lim ( )= ×1=
𝑥→0 𝑏𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑏𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑏 𝑥→0 𝑎𝑥 𝑏 𝑏
b) Using first principles, find the derivative of cos x (3)
Refer March 2022 Q 10(𝑖)

OR
cos x
Find the derivative of w.r.t. 𝑥.
2x + 3
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝑦=
2𝑥 + 3
𝑑𝑦 (2𝑥 + 3) × −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 (2 × 1 + 0)
=
𝑑𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3)2
𝑑𝑦 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) − 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
= 2
=−
𝑑𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) (2𝑥 + 3)2

MARCH 2014

36. Find the derivative of sinx , using first principle. (3)

Refer March 2018 – Q No. 27 (a)

OR
x − cos x
5
Find the derivative of , using quotient rule. (3)
sin x
𝑥 5 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝑦=
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝑑 5 5 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) − (𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)2

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(5𝑥 4 − −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − (𝑥 5 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

=
sin2 𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(5𝑥 4 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) − (𝑥 5 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
sin2 𝑥

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5𝑥 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + sin2 𝑥 − 𝑥 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + cos 2 𝑥

=
sin2 𝑥
5𝑥 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 1
=
sin2 𝑥
sin5 x
37. a) The value of Lim is ……… (1)
x →0 5x
𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥
Lim = Lim =1
𝑥→0 5𝑥 5𝑥→0 5𝑥

sinax
b) Evaluate lim , ab  0 (2)
x →0 sinbx
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 1 𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥
lim = lim [ × 𝑎𝑥 × × ]= × lim [ × ]
𝑥→0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥
𝑎 𝑎
= × lim [1 × 1] = | 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 → 0, 𝑎𝑥, 𝑏𝑥 → 0
𝑏 𝑥→0 𝑏

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