Ex NO.

2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
DATE:
AIM:

To prepare problem statement for Credit card processing.

DESCRIPTION:

In the modern financial landscape, businesses and consumers rely heavily on

credit card transactions for seamless and cashless payments. However, existing credit card processing systems
face several challenges, including transaction
security vulnerabilities, slow processing speeds, high processing fees, fraud risks, and compliance with industry
regulations such as PCI-DSS.
The objective is to develop a secure, efficient, and cost-effective credit card
processing system that ensures fast transaction processing, fraud detection and prevention, and compliance
with financial regulations. The system should support real-time authorization, encrypted data transmission,
and multi-layer authentication mechanisms to protect sensitive cardholder information.
Additionally, it should offer an intuitive interface for merchants, seamless integration with banking networks,
and automated reconciliation features to enhance user experience.
This solution aims to improve transaction security, reduce processing time and fees, minimize fraud risks,
and ensure regulatory compliance, ultimately
providing a safer and more efficient payment ecosystem for businesses and consumers alike.

CONCLUSION:

A good credit card processing system is important for safe and quick transactions. By improving
security, speed, fraud prevention, and compliance with rules, businesses and customers can enjoy smoother
payments. With strong encryption, fraud detection, and fast processing, the system will make
payments safer and more efficient. In the end, this will create a better and more reliable payment experience for
everyone.
EX NO. 3 SRS
DATE:

AIM:

To understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

DESCRIPTION:

1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to define the functional, non-functional, and system requirements for the Credit
Card Processing System. This system will
facilitate secure and efficient credit card transactions, ensuring compliance with financial regulations and
enhancing transaction security.

1.2 Document Conventions

This document follows the IEEE standard format for SRS documentation.

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for developers, project managers, business analysts, quality assurance teams, and
stakeholders involved in the development and
deployment of the credit card processing system.

1.4 Additional Information

Additional details about security policies, compliance guidelines, and integration options are available upon
request.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

For inquiries related to this document, please contact the project team at support@ccps.com.

1.6 References
 PCI-DSS Compliance Guidelines
 ISO 8583 Standard for Financial Transaction Messaging

 Federal Financial Regulations

2. Overall Description
2.1 Product Perspective
The Credit Card Processing System will act as an intermediary between
merchants, customers, and banks to ensure the secure processing of credit card transactions. It will integrate with
point-of-sale (POS) systems, e-commerce
platforms, and mobile payment applications.

2.2 Product Functions

 Card Authorization: Real-time validation and approval of transactions.

 Fraud Detection: AI-based algorithms to detect and prevent fraudulent transactions.

 Encryption & Security: Secure handling of sensitive cardholder data through encryption.

 Multi-Platform Support: Accessible via web, mobile, and POS systems.

 Transaction Management: Storage and retrieval of transaction records for audits.

 Chargebacks & Refunds: Secure processing of reversals and refunds.

 User Authentication: Multi-layer authentication for added security.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

 Merchants: Require a user-friendly interface for managing transactions and reports.

 Cardholders: Expect quick, secure, and seamless payments.

 Banks & Financial Institutions: Need reliable transaction verification and fraud prevention
mechanisms.

2.4 Operating Environment

 Operating System: Windows, Linux, macOS

 Web Browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge

2.5 User Environment
The system will be accessible through web browsers, mobile applications, and integrated POS systems.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

 Must comply with PCI-DSS standards.

 Secure storage of customer financial data with AES encryption.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

 Requires stable internet connectivity for real-time transaction processing.

 Relies on banking APIs for authorization and verification.

3. External Interface Requirements

3.1 User Interfaces
 Merchant Dashboard: Transaction management, reports, refunds.

 Customer Interface: Secure payment processing.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

 POS Terminals: Compatibility with payment terminals.

 Mobile Devices: Support for NFC-based payments.

3.3 Software Interfaces

 Integration with banking APIs.

 Support for third-party payment gateways.

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

 Encryption: TLS 1.2/1.3 for secure communication.

 APIs: RESTful APIs for transaction handling.

4. System Features
4.1 System Feature A: Secure Payment Processing
4.1.1 Description and Priority
Ensures all transactions are secure and processed efficiently. High priority.

4.1.2 Action/Result
Users can enter card details, and transactions are authorized instantly.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

 The system shall validate credit card details before transaction approval.

 The system shall encrypt all credit card data.

4.2 System Feature B: Fraud Detection

4.2.1 Description and Priority
Identifies and blocks suspicious transactions. High priority.

4.2.2 Action/Result
Transactions are flagged if unusual patterns are detected.

4.2.3 Functional Requirements

 The system shall implement AI-based fraud detection.

 The system shall notify users of flagged transactions.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements
 Transactions should be processed within 2-3 seconds.

5.2 Safety Requirements

 The system must prevent unauthorized access to financial data.

5.3 Security Requirements

 Must comply with PCI-DSS and ISO 8583.
5.4 Software Quality Attributes
 Availability: 99.99% uptime.

 Usability: Intuitive interface.

5.5 Project Documentation

 API integration guidelines.

 User manual for merchants and customers.

5.6 User Documentation

 Merchant onboarding guide.

 FAQ section for troubleshooting.

6. Other Requirements
 Regular updates to improve security and performance.

Appendix A:

Terminology/Glossary/Definitions List

 CVV: Card Verification Value.

 OTP: One-Time Password.

Appendix B:

To Be Determined

 Future enhancements and system integrations.

CONCLUSION:

The SRS was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw a sample ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM for real project or system.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 5 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To prepare DATAFLOW DIAGRAM for given project.

DIAGRAM:

LEVEL 0

LEVEL 1

CONCLUSION:

The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 6 USE CASE DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw the Use Case Diagrams for given applications.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps

described above.
EX NO. 7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw a sample activity diagram for given project or system.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:
 The activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.

EX NO. 8 STATE CHART DIAGRAM

DATE:
AIM:

To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps

described above.
EX NO. 9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw the Sequence Diagram for a given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 10 CLASS DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw class diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The Class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 11 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw collaboration diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:
The Collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps
described above.
EX NO. 12 COMPONENT DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw component diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:
The Component diagram was made successfully by following the steps
described above.
EX NO. 13 DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw deployment diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:
The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps
described above.
EX NO: DESIGN BY CODING
DATE:
AIM:

To implement the design by coding.

PROGRAM:

IMPLEMENTATION & TESTING

Banker.java

package credit_card;

/*** * @author kavin */

public class Banker { int

bid;
String b_name; String
b_branch; int limit;

int credit(int sal)

int li=(sal*30)/100;
limit=li;

return limit;

int verify(int pur)

if(limit>pur)

{
limit=limit-pur; return pur;

else return -
1;

Retailer.java:

package credit_card;

/**

* @author kavin

*/

public class Retailer extends Banker { int balence;

int go;

void validate(int pur,int l)

limit=l;go=l;

if(verify(pur)!=-1)

System.out.println("Transaction Successfull");
System.out.println("Updated Balance:"+limit);
balence=limit;

else

System.out.println("Insufficient Balance");

int update()

return balence;

Credit_Card.java

package credit_card;

import java.util.Scanner;

/** * * @author kavin */

public class Credit_Card extends Banker{

public static String name[]=new String[5];public static int sal[]=new int[5];public static String loc[]=new
String[5];public static int limt[]=new int[5];

public static void menu()

{

System.out.println("Choose the below options:");

System.out.println("1.Create");
System.out.println("2.Purchase"); System.out.println("3.Exit");

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println(“******************Credit Card Processing

System******************”);
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in); int a=1;
int card[]=new int[5] ;int i=0;

card[0]=4490; card[1]=7645; card[2]=7455; card[3]=7664;card[4]=7766; while(a==1)

menu();

int ch=s.nextInt();
switch(ch)

case 1:

System.out.println("Enter Name:"); name[i]=s.next();

System.out.println("Enter Location:");
loc[i]=s.next();

System.out.println("Enter the Salary:");

sal[i]=s.nextInt();
Banker ak=new Banker();

System.out.println("Your Credit card no.:"+card[i]); limt[i]=ak.credit(sal[i]);

System.out.println("The Limit per Month :Rs."+ limt[i] +" (30% of Salary)"); i++;
break;

case 2:

System.out.println("Enter Total purchase value:"); int amt=s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter the card no.:"); int
ca=s.nextInt();int g=0;int q=0;

for(q=0;q<5;q++)

if(ca==card[q])

g=1;

break;

if(g==1 )
{

if(amt<limt[q])

Retailer ak= new Retailer();

ak.validate(amt,limt[q]); limt[q]=ak.update();

else

System.out.println("Insufficint credit");

else

System.out.println("Invaild Card Number...");

break;

case 3:

a=44;

System.out.println("ThankYou..."); break;

default:

System.out.println("Invalid Option.Try Again...");

}
}

Output:

******************Credit Card Processing System****************** Choose the below options:

1.Create
2.Purchase
3.Exit

Enter Name:

Ram

Enter Location:

Egmore

Enter the Salary:

25000

Your Credit card no.:4490

The Limit per Month :Rs.7500 (30% of Salary) Choose the below
options:
1.Create
2.Purchase
3.Exit

Enter Name:
Gokul

Enter Location:

Chennai

Enter the Salary:

40000

Your Credit card no.:7645

The Limit per Month : Rs.12000 (30% of Salary) Choose the below
options:
1.Create
2.Purchase
3.Exit

Enter Total purchase value: 2390

Enter the card no.:

4490

Transaction Successful
Updated Balance:5110
Choose the below options: 1.Create
2.Purchase
3.Exit

Enter Total purchase value: 4583

Enter the card no.:

7645

Transaction Successful
Updated Balance:7417
Choose the below options:

1.Create
2.Purchase
3.Exit

ThankYou...

TEST REPORT 1

Product : Credit Card Processing System Use Case :

credit card creating
Test Case ID Test Case / Action Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail
To Perform Result

3. After Entering the Displays the The card no. and Pass
Name, credit limit for credit
Location, customer per month limit is stored.
Salary.

TEST REPORT 2

Product : Credit Card Processing System Use Case

:credit card swiping
 Test Case ID Test Case / Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail
Action To Result
Perform

5. Swiping card at Validates if The Purchase is Pass.

store after the credit limit is not made Successful.
entering the
exceeded.
purchase

6. After The credit card The balance of the Pass.

purchasing the balance is Credit Card is
items printed. updated
further
Transaction

RESULT:

Thus the mini project for credit card processing system has been successfully executed and codes are
generated.
Credit Card Processing Coverage Analysis

Test Area Test Coverage Test Scenarios

- Valid card details (correct
number, CVV, expiry date).
- Invalid card number (incorrect
number of digits, invalid card
Ensures that the card details (card number format).
Card Validation number, CVV, expiration date) are
- Expired card.
correctly validated.
- Invalid CVV (incorrect 3- or 4-
digit code).
- Missing/empty CVV or
expiration date.
- Successful authorization with
valid details.
- Denied authorization due to
insufficient funds.
Ensures the system authorizes
Payment - Denied authorization due to
payments and communicates with
Authorization card being reported lost/stolen.
the payment gateway correctly.
- Invalid authorization due to
incorrect card details.
- Timeout or network failure
during authorization request.
- Successful payment through
integrated payment gateway.
- Payment gateway returns an
error (e.g., gateway unavailable,
Verifies integration with external timeout).
Payment Gateway
payment gateways (Stripe, PayPal,
Integration - Handling different gateway
etc.) to process payments.
responses (e.g., "approved",
"declined").
- Testing with different gateway
providers (e.g., Stripe, PayPal).
- Successful capture after
authorization.
- Refund after a successful
payment.
Ensures that transactions (capture,
- Voiding a transaction before it
Transaction Handling refund, void, etc.) are processed
is captured.
correctly after authorization.
- Refund on a partially captured
transaction.
- Handling duplicate
transactions.
Error Handling Verifies that the system handles - Invalid card number.
 Test Area Test Coverage Test Scenarios
errors correctly and provides - Expired card error message.
appropriate feedback to the user. - Insufficient funds or failed
authorization error.
- Network failure during
transaction processing.
- Server error from the payment
gateway.
- Card data encryption (at rest
and in transit).
- Tokenization of sensitive card
Ensures compliance with PCI-DSS information.
Security and Data
and that sensitive card data is
Protection - Data leakage prevention during
securely stored and transmitted.
transaction.
- Secure communication
protocols (e.g., SSL/TLS).
- Logs created for each
successful transaction.
- Correct transaction statuses
Transaction Logs & Ensures that transactions are (approved, declined, refunded,
Reporting logged and reported accurately. voided).
- Reporting of transaction errors,
declined transactions, and
timeouts.
- Load testing with varying
transaction volumes.
Ensures the system can handle - Performance under peak
Performance Testing large volumes of transactions transaction load (stress testing).
without degradation. - Response time analysis (how
long each transaction takes to
process).
- Correct form validation (e.g.,
card number format, CVV).
Ensures that the UI for payment
User Interface (UI) - User feedback for incorrect or
processing is functional and user-
Testing missing card details.
friendly.
- Mobile responsiveness of the
payment form.
- Compliance with PCI-DSS
standards (encryption, storage,
Verifies the system's adherence to and transmission).
Compliance Testing legal and regulatory requirements,
such as PCI-DSS and GDPR. - GDPR compliance for
handling personal data (e.g.,
cardholder details).
Boundary Testing Tests for edge cases and input - Maximum card number length
 Test Area Test Coverage Test Scenarios
boundaries to ensure robustness. and format.
- Minimum and maximum
values for transaction amount.
- Input beyond the limits for
expiration date or CVV.
- Credit card processing in
multiple currencies (USD, EUR,
Verifies support for various GBP, etc.).
Internationalization
currencies and country-specific
Testing - Validating country-specific
card types.
payment rules (e.g., 3D Secure
for certain countries).
- Payment form compatibility
with different browsers
(Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge).
Ensures the payment processing
- Mobile payment form
Compatibility Testing works across different devices and
compatibility (iOS, Android).
browsers.
- Testing on different screen
sizes (smartphones, tablets,
desktops).

Coverage Metrics

1. Functional Coverage:
o Percentage of transaction types (authorization, capture, refund, void) covered
by test cases.
o Validation of card details (e.g., length, format, expiration) covered by tests.
o Error scenarios (e.g., declined payment, expired card) covered.
2. Security Coverage:
o Full encryption and tokenization coverage for sensitive data.
o PCI-DSS compliance and security protocols (SSL/TLS) checked in test cases.
o Protection against data leaks and breaches.
3. Performance Coverage:
o Load testing for transaction volumes (number of concurrent users, peak
transaction loads).
o Response time analysis under various conditions.
4. Compliance Coverage:
o Ensuring the system complies with regulations like PCI-DSS, GDPR, and
other industry-specific standards.

Memory Leaks in Credit Card Processing Systems

Potential Memory
Component Description
Leak Source
 Potential Memory
Component Description
Leak Source

If API connections to payment gateways

Payment Gateway Persistent connections (e.g., Stripe, PayPal) are not properly closed
Integration or unclosed resources. after a transaction, it can result in unused
memory accumulation.

Unreleased database Failure to close database connections,

Database
connections or result queries, or result sets after processing
Connections
sets. transactions can result in unfreed memory.

If logs are written to memory and not flushed

Improperly handled or released properly after processing, it may
Transaction Logs
logging objects. cause memory leaks, especially with large
transaction volumes.

Storing session data or payment tokens (e.g.,

Memory held by user JWT) in memory without clearing them after
Session Management
sessions or token data. use could lead to memory not being
reclaimed.

Unused or uncleaned Payment processors or SDKs may not

Third-Party
resources from third- always clean up after themselves, leading to
Libraries
party libraries. memory issues over time.

If UI components related to the payment

Unused UI elements or
process (e.g., modal dialogs, forms) are not
UI Components views retained in
destroyed properly after use, memory could
memory.
leak.

Listeners for transaction status, user

Event listeners
interactions, or network responses can leak
Event Listeners attached to unused
memory if not properly removed when no
objects or components.
longer needed.

Threads or async If threads handling payment requests are not

Multithreading or
operations not properly terminated or if asynchronous
Asynchronous
terminated or cleaned operations leave residual references, they can
Operations
up. cause memory leaks.

Objects cached for Payment-related data, such as transaction

Caching performance but not history or cached payment details, may lead
properly invalidated. to memory leaks if cache data is not cleared
 Potential Memory
Component Description
Leak Source

or expires correctly.

Tokenized payment data (e.g., credit card

Tokens or encrypted
Tokenization and numbers) should be cleared from memory
payment data not
Encryption after use. Failure to do so could lead to
released.
memory leaks.

Test Case Hierarchy for Credit Card Processing System

A test case hierarchy represents the organization of test cases into logical levels, often
starting from broad test areas (like functional or non-functional tests) and drilling down into
specific test cases and scenarios. This hierarchy ensures that all aspects of the system are
covered and tested thoroughly.

Below is a Test Case Hierarchy for a Credit Card Processing System:

1. Functional Testing

Functional testing verifies that the system behaves according to its requirements and
processes credit card transactions correctly.

1.1 Card Validation Testing

Validating credit card details like card number, expiration date, CVV, and others.

 Test Case 1.1.1: Validate card number format (Luhn's algorithm).

 Test Case 1.1.2: Check valid expiration date (current date < card expiry date).
 Test Case 1.1.3: Validate CVV format (correct number of digits).
 Test Case 1.1.4: Invalid card number format (incorrect Luhn check).
 Test Case 1.1.5: Check expired card (card expiry date < current date).
 Test Case 1.1.6: Validate missing or empty CVV.

1.2 Payment Authorization Testing

Ensures that payments are correctly authorized through the payment gateway.

 Test Case 1.2.1: Verify successful authorization with valid card details.
 Test Case 1.2.2: Verify declined authorization due to insufficient funds.
 Test Case 1.2.3: Verify declined authorization due to incorrect CVV.
 Test Case 1.2.4: Verify authorization with expired card.
 Test Case 1.2.5: Verify authorization failure due to network timeout.
1.3 Transaction Flow Testing

Tests the end-to-end process of handling transactions after successful authorization.

 Test Case 1.3.1: Verify capture after authorization.

 Test Case 1.3.2: Verify refund after capture.
 Test Case 1.3.3: Verify void before capture.
 Test Case 1.3.4: Verify partial refund (refund only part of the transaction).
 Test Case 1.3.5: Test duplicate transaction detection (same card, same amount).

1.4 Error Handling Testing

Verifies that the system handles different error scenarios gracefully.

 Test Case 1.4.1: Verify error message for invalid card number.
 Test Case 1.4.2: Verify error message for expired card.
 Test Case 1.4.3: Verify error message for insufficient funds.
 Test Case 1.4.4: Test error message on failed network connection.

1.5 User Interface Testing

Tests the user-facing payment form and how it interacts with users.

 Test Case 1.5.1: Verify the presence of necessary form fields (card number, CVV,
expiry date).
 Test Case 1.5.2: Validate form validation (proper error message for invalid data).
 Test Case 1.5.3: Verify payment button visibility and clickability.
 Test Case 1.5.4: Check mobile responsiveness of the payment form.
 Test Case 1.5.5: Validate form field error highlighting for invalid input.

2. Non-Functional Testing

Non-functional testing ensures that the system meets non-functional requirements like
security, performance, and scalability.

2.1 Performance Testing

Tests the system’s ability to handle high loads and maintain performance.

 Test Case 2.1.1: Load testing – simulate high transaction volume (e.g., 1000 requests
per second).
 Test Case 2.1.2: Stress testing – simulate peak load to check system failure.
 Test Case 2.1.3: Response time testing – measure how long each transaction takes to
complete under load.
 Test Case 2.1.4: Database performance – measure how quickly database queries are
processed for transactions.
2.2 Security Testing

Ensures that the system follows security best practices, especially with sensitive payment
data.

 Test Case 2.2.1: Verify PCI-DSS compliance (data encryption, tokenization).

 Test Case 2.2.2: Test for SQL injection vulnerabilities in payment-related forms.
 Test Case 2.2.3: Test data leakage prevention during transaction.
 Test Case 2.2.4: Verify secure communication (SSL/TLS) during transactions.
 Test Case 2.2.5: Test for cross-site scripting (XSS) in the payment form.

2.3 Compatibility Testing

Verifies that the credit card processing system works across different platforms.

 Test Case 2.3.1: Test compatibility across different browsers (Chrome, Firefox,
Safari, Edge).
 Test Case 2.3.2: Test payment functionality on mobile devices (iOS, Android).
 Test Case 2.3.3: Test for compatibility with various operating systems (Windows,
macOS, Linux).
 Test Case 2.3.4: Test the payment form on different screen resolutions.

2.4 Compliance Testing

Ensures the system complies with legal and regulatory standards like PCI-DSS and GDPR.

 Test Case 2.4.1: Verify that card details are not stored beyond the allowed period
(PCI-DSS).
 Test Case 2.4.2: Test GDPR compliance for handling personal data.
 Test Case 2.4.3: Verify proper encryption and tokenization practices.

3. Regression Testing

Ensures that new updates or fixes do not break existing functionality.

3.1 Transaction Flow Regression

Verifies that all transaction flows work as expected after code changes.

 Test Case 3.1.1: Verify successful transaction capture after changes.

 Test Case 3.1.2: Verify refund functionality after changes.

3.2 Security Regression

Ensures that no new security vulnerabilities are introduced.

 Test Case 3.2.1: Test for SQL injection after code changes.
 Test Case 3.2.2: Verify encryption is still enforced after updates.
4. Usability Testing

Ensures that the payment system is user-friendly and intuitive.

 Test Case 4.1: Test for easy-to-understand error messages on form submission
failures.
 Test Case 4.2: Test the simplicity of the payment flow (e.g., minimize steps).
 Test Case 4.3: Verify payment form accessibility (e.g., for screen readers).

5. Stress Testing

Verifies the system’s stability under extreme conditions and high stress.

 Test Case 5.1: Test the system's ability to handle 10,000 simultaneous payment
requests.
 Test Case 5.2: Test the payment gateway’s ability to handle failures and recover
quickly under load.

6. Integration Testing

Verifies the system's integration with other systems such as databases, payment gateways,
and third-party services.

 Test Case 6.1: Test API integration with payment gateway (Stripe, PayPal).
 Test Case 6.2: Test integration with external fraud detection systems.
 Test Case 6.3: Verify proper synchronization between payment system and database.

1. Site Check

A Site Check refers to a one-time or periodic examination of a website or system to ensure it

is working as expected. It involves various tests and verifications to check if all elements,
including functionality, security, and performance, are operating properly.

Key Areas for Site Check in Credit Card Processing

Area Description

Ensure that the credit card form is functional, including fields for
Card Payment Form
card number, expiration date, CVV, and a submit button. Verify that
Functionality
it works across different browsers and devices.

Verify that the integration with the payment gateway (e.g., Stripe,
Payment Gateway
PayPal) is functioning correctly. Test that transactions can be
Integration
authorized and captured successfully.

SSL/TLS Encryption Check that the website uses SSL/TLS encryption to securely handle
sensitive data such as credit card details. Verify that the site has a
 Area Description

valid SSL certificate.

Confirm that the website complies with PCI-DSS standards for

PCI-DSS Compliance
handling, processing, and storing cardholder data securely.

Test the login functionality to ensure it works correctly and securely

User Authentication for users, especially for admin access or users with access to sensitive
information.

Ensure that any errors encountered (e.g., invalid card number, failed
Error Handling
transaction) trigger appropriate error messages.

Verify that the transaction logs are being created for each successful
Transaction Logs and failed transaction, and that they are stored securely for audit
purposes.

Test all critical URLs (payment gateway, thank-you page, etc.) to

Redirects and URLs
ensure they are correct and lead to the right destinations.

Tools for Site Check:

1. Browser Developer Tools: To inspect the front-end elements like form validation,
page load time, and error messages.
2. SSL Labs: To check if the website has SSL/TLS encryption and validate the
certificate.
3. Payment Gateway's Testing Environment: Most gateways provide a sandbox
environment for testing (e.g., Stripe, PayPal).
4. PCI Compliance Scanners: Tools like Qualys or PCI Security Standards Council
can perform PCI-DSS compliance checks.

2. Site Monitor

A Site Monitor is an automated system or service that continuously tracks the availability,
performance, and health of a website, especially for critical functions like credit card
processing. It works 24/7 and provides real-time notifications if there are any issues (e.g.,
downtime, slow response times, or failed transactions).

Key Areas for Site Monitoring in Credit Card Processing

Area Description

Uptime Ensure that the website and payment processing system are up and
Monitoring running 24/7. The monitor tracks the availability of the credit card
 Area Description

payment forms and backend services.

Transaction Monitor the success rate of credit card transactions. If a high failure rate
Monitoring occurs, the system should alert administrators.

Measure how long it takes for the payment page to load, the form
Response Time
submission to be processed, and the payment gateway to respond. Slow
Monitoring
response times can lead to poor user experience and failed transactions.

Error Track specific errors, like declined payments or failed transactions, and
Monitoring alert administrators if a high number of errors occurs within a set period.

Ensure that the website is free from vulnerabilities, like SQL injection,
Security
cross-site scripting (XSS), and other attacks. It should check for
Monitoring
suspicious activities or possible breaches of sensitive data.

Monitor transaction logs to check for any abnormal activity, such as

Log Monitoring
unauthorized access attempts or changes in transaction patterns.

Payment Continuously track the health and response of the payment gateway. If
Gateway there is an issue with the gateway (e.g., downtime, slow response), the
Monitoring monitor will alert the appropriate team.

Compliance Continuously check for PCI-DSS compliance and ensure that security
Monitoring measures are always up to date.

Tools for Site Monitoring:

1. Pingdom: Monitors website uptime, response times, and alerts if issues occur.
2. Uptime Robot: Offers real-time monitoring of website uptime and sends alerts when
the site goes down.
3. Datadog: Provides performance monitoring, error tracking, and transaction
monitoring.
4. New Relic: Monitors website and application performance, and provides insights into
slow transactions and user experience issues.
5. AWS CloudWatch (for systems hosted on AWS): Monitors server health, application
logs, and provides detailed metrics for troubleshooting.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:1
DATE:
BOOK BANK
AIM:

To Design, Implement and Test the BOOK BANK described in the given problem statement

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

The process of members registering and purchasing books from the book bank are
described sequentially through following steps:

First the member registers himself if he was new to the book bank. Old members will
directly select old member button.They select their corresponding year. After selecting the
year they fill the necessary details and select the book and he will be directed towards
administrator. The administrator will verify the status and issue the book.

The book bank management system is a software in which a member can register themselves
and then he can borrow books from the book bank. It mainly concentrates on providing books
for engineering students. This system would be used by members who are students of any
college to check the availability of the books and borrow the books, and then the databases
are updated. The purpose of this document is to analyze and elaborate on the high-level needs
and features of the book bank management system. It also tells the usability, reliability
defined in use case specification.

Conclusion:
The Problem Statement was written successfully by following the steps described above.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:2
DATE:
SRS

AIM:
To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for BOOK BANK SYSTEM

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this document is to provide a detailed description of the Book Bank System.
This system is designed to manage the lending and return of books to students and faculty
members. It will allow for easy tracking of books, manage user accounts, and ensure efficient
book transactions.

1.2 Document Conventions

 Bold: Denotes important terms or headings.

 Italic: Represents examples or references to external sources.
 Code: Represents system commands, methods, or variables.
 [link]: Hyperlinks to related documents or resources.
 All technical terms and abbreviations used in this document will be defined in
Appendix A.

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:

 Developers: To understand the system requirements and design.
 Project Managers: To track progress and ensure the system meets business
objectives.
 System Administrators: To maintain and support the system once deployed.
 Users: To understand the functionality of the system in the context of their operations
(students, faculty, staff).

1.4 Additional Information

The Book Bank System is expected to interface with external library management systems
and provide real-time book availability information. It will be developed using modern web
technologies and deployed in a cloud environment.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

 Project Manager: John Doe (johndoe@bookbank.com)

 Lead Developer: Jane Smith (janesmith@bookbank.com)
 QA Lead: Michael Brown (michaelbrown@bookbank.com)
 Reg. No.211423104

 System Architect: Sarah White (sarahwhite@bookbank.com)

1.6 References

 Book Bank System User Manual

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

The Book Bank System is a web-based application that facilitates the lending and returning
of books. It integrates with existing university student and faculty databases for user
authentication and access management. The system should be modular and scalable to handle
future requirements, such as integration with eBooks.
2.2 Product Functions

 Book Management: Users can view available books, borrow, and return them.
 User Management: Students and faculty can create, modify, or delete accounts.
 Transaction History: Users can view the history of borrowed books.
 Notifications: Users will receive notifications for due dates, overdue books, and book
availability.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

 Students: Borrow books for a limited period, and view their transaction history.
 Faculty: Borrow books with extended borrowing periods, access transaction history.
 Administrators: Manage books, users, transactions, and generate reports.

2.4 Operating Environment

 Server OS: Linux

 Client OS: Web browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari)
 Database: MySQL for storing user and transaction data.

2.5 User Environment

Users will access the system via an internet browser on their devices (PCs, tablets,
smartphones). Students and faculty will interact with the system for book transactions.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

 Security: The system must comply with the university's IT security policies.
 Scalability: The system must support up to 10,000 users.
 Cloud Integration: The system must integrate with the university's cloud
infrastructure.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

 Internet access is available to users at all times.

 The system assumes that users have valid student/faculty identification in the
university database.
 Reg. No.211423104

 Integration with the existing library database system is possible for real-time book
availability.

3. External Interface Requirements

3.1 User Interfaces

 Login Page: Username and password fields, with an option for password recovery.
 Home Page: A list of available books, search functionality, and account settings.
 Transaction History: Displays the list of borrowed books, due dates, and overdue
items.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

 Barcode Scanner: For scanning book IDs during borrowing and returning.
3.3 Software Interfaces

 Library Management System API: To query real-time availability of books.

 University Database API: For user authentication (LDAP).

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

 HTTP/HTTPS: For secure communication between the client and the server.
 RESTful API: For interactions with the Library Management System and User
Database.

4. System Features

4.1 System Feature 1: User Authentication

4.1.1 Description and Priority

The system will allow users (students and faculty) to authenticate using their university
credentials. Authentication is essential for access control, ensuring only authorized
individuals can use the system.

4.1.2 Action/Result

 Action: The user provides their username and password.

 Result: The system checks the credentials and grants access to the dashboard if valid.
If invalid, an error message is shown.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

 FR1: The system must validate the username and password against the university's
authentication system.
 FR2: The system must lock out users after 5 failed login attempts for 10 minutes.

4.2 System Feature 2: Book Borrowing

 Reg. No.211423104

4.2.1 Description and Priority

The system must allow users to borrow books for a specific period.

4.2.2 Action/Result

 Action: The user selects a book to borrow.

 Result: The book is marked as borrowed, and the due date is set.

4.2.3 Functional Requirements

 FR1: The system must update the status of the book to "borrowed."
 FR2: The system must set a due date based on the user's status (student or faculty).

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

 The system must handle up to 10,000 simultaneous users without significant

performance degradation.

5.2 Safety Requirements

 Data transmission must be encrypted using HTTPS to protect sensitive user

information.
 The system must perform regular backups of user and transaction data.

5.3 Security Requirements

 User passwords must be hashed using a secure algorithm (e.g., SHA-256).

 The system must have role-based access control to ensure only authorized personnel
can manage books and users.

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

 Reliability: The system should have 99.9% uptime.

 Scalability: The system must be able to scale to support a larger number of users as
needed.

5.5 Project Documentation

 User Manual
 API Documentation
 Deployment Guide

5.6 User Documentation

 Step-by-step guide on how to borrow, return, and manage account settings.

 FAQ section to help users troubleshoot common issues.
 Reg. No.211423104

6. Other Requirements

 Backup and Recovery: The system must have a daily backup schedule, with the
ability to restore data from the backup if needed.
 Testing: The system must pass functional, integration, and stress testing.

Appendix A: Terminology/Glossary/Definitions List

 Book ID: A unique identifier for each book in the system.

 Due Date: The date by which a borrowed book must be returned.

Appendix B: To Be Determined

 Detailed performance metrics will be determined during the testing phase.

Conclusion:
The Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for the book bank system was successfully
created by following a structured methodology. This document defines the system's
objectives, features, and constraints in detail, ensuring a clear understanding for all
stakeholders. By adhering to these requirements, the development and implementation of the
ERS will meet institutional needs and enhance the overall efficiency of exam management
processes.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:6
DATE:

USE CASE DIAGRAM

Aim:
To draw the Use Case Diagram for book bank system

Use Case Diagram for Book Bank

Conclusion:
The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO: 10
DATE:
CLASS DIAGRAM

Aim:
To draw the Class Diagram for book bank system

Class Diagram For Book bank system

Conclusion:
The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:9

DATE:

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

Aim:
To draw the Sequence Diagram for book bank system
Registration

Borrow book
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:7
DATE:
ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

Aim:
To draw the Activity Diagram for book bank system

Conclusion:
The activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:8
DATE:

STATE CHART DIAGRAM

Aim:
To draw the State Chart Diagram for book bank system

Registration

[ new user ]

Enter all Enter Mem [ valid ] Registration

details ID success

[ Invalid details ]

Re-Enter
all details

Borrow

book

Enter book Enter Mem Active Dispatch

details ID books

In active

Display fine /
Renewal
 Reg. No.211423104

Return
Enter Mem Submit [ success ] Return
ID books Sucess

[ not success ]

calculate
fine

fine
payment

Conclusion:
The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:4
DATE:
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw the Entity relationship Diagram for book bank system

Conclusion:
The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:5

DATE:

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw the Data flow Diagram for book bank system

Level 0:

Level 1:
 Reg. No.211423104

Level 2:

Conclusion:
The data flow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:

DATE:

COMPONENT DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw the Component Diagram for book bank system

<<System>>
BOOK BANK Database
SYSTEM

Aunthentication
Services

Logging
Services

Conclusion:
The component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:
DATE:

DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw the Deployment Diagram for book bank system

<<Client>> <<Book bank server>>

:Intel Quad Core :Microsoft Windows 7.0

<<Server>>
<<Device>>
Visual Basic 6.0
VB Forms
<<Database>>
MS AccessDB

Conclusion:
The deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:
DATE:

COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw the Collaboration Diagram for book bank system

Conclusion:
The collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 Reg. No.211423104

EX.NO:
DATE:
IMPLEMENTATION

Aim:
To implement the design by coding

IMLEMENTATION

Admin.java
package Bookbank;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.*;

class Admin extends Book

{
public void operation()
{
int a;
do
{
System.out.println("select an option");
System.out.println("1.Admin login\t2.Member login\t3.exit");
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
int m=s.nextInt();
switch(m)
{
case 1:
{
Book p=new Book();
p.managebook();
break;
}
case 2:
{
Member c=new Member();
c.order();
break;
}
case 3:
System.exit(0);

}
System.out.println("enter 1 to continue to select login");
a=s.nextInt();
}while(a==1);
 Reg. No.211423104

}
}

Book.java
package Bookbank;

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
class Book extends Member
{
int t;int f;int i=0;int count=0,count1=0;
public static int[] bid=new int[100];
public static String[] bname=new String[100];
public static int[] qty=new int[100];
public static int[] ord=new int[100];
public void managebook()
{
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);

do
{
System.out.println("1.Add\n 2.display\n 3.delete\n 4.update\n");
System.out.println("enter the option");

int n=s.nextInt();

switch(n)
{
case 1:

System.out.println("enter the number of Books to be added");

int no=s.nextInt();
System.out.println("enter the id,name,qty of the Book");
no=no-1;
int f=i+no;
for(;i<=f;i++)
{
bid[i]=s.nextInt();
bname[i]=s.next();
qty[i]=s.nextInt();

}
i=i;
 Reg. No.211423104

System.out.println("Books added successfully");

break;

case 2:

System.out.println("enter the number of Books to be printed");

int scan=s.nextInt();
for(int i=0;i<scan;i++)
{

System.out.println("B_id B_name qty ");

System.out.println(bid[i]+"\t"+bname[i]+"\t"+qty[i]);
}
System.out.println("The Books informations are displayed");
break;

case 3:
System.out.println("enter the id of the Book to be deleted");
int did=s.nextInt();
for(int i=0;i<=bid.length-1;i++)
{
if(bid[i]!=0)
{

count++;
}
}

for(i=0;i<=count+1;i++)
{
if(bid[i]==did)
{
bid[i]=bid[count-1];
bname[i]=bname[count-1];
qty[i]=qty[count-1];
bid[count-1]=bid[bid.length-1];
bname[count-1]=bname[bname.length-1];
qty[count-1]=qty[qty.length-1];

break;
}

System.out.println("Boook is successfully deleted");

break;
case 4:
System.out.println("enter the id,name,qty of the Book to be added");
int nid=s.nextInt();
String nname=s.next();
 Reg. No.211423104

int nqty=s.nextInt();
for(int i=0;i<=bid.length;i++)
{
if(bid[i]==nid)
{
bid[i]=nid;
bname[i]=nname;
qty[i]=nqty;
break;
}
}
System.out.println("Book is updated successfully");
break;
case 5:
System.exit(0);

System.out.println("enter 1 to continue to manage Books");

t=s.nextInt();
}while(t==1);

}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Admin sp=new Admin();
sp.operation();

}
public void delete(int n)
{
int did=n;
for(int i=0;i<=bid.length-1;i++)
{
if(i!=0)
{
count1++;
}
}
for(int i=0;i<=count1;i++)
{

if(bid[i]==did)
{
qty[i]=qty[count1];
break;
}

}
}
 Reg. No.211423104

Member.java
package Bookbank;

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
class Member
{
public void order()
{
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
Book p=new Book();
System.out.println("enter the Book id to be ordered");
int search=s.nextInt();
p.delete(search);
System.out.println("Book ordered successfully");
System.out.println("Enter 1to make payment");
int b=s.nextInt();
if(b==1)
{
Member c=new Member();
c.makepayment();

}
}
public void makepayment()
{
System.out.println("payment successfull");
}

OUTPUT:

Select an option
1. Admin login 2.Member login 3.exit
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update

enter the option

1
enter the number of items to be added
3
 Reg. No.211423104

enter the id, name, qty of the product to be added

1
HarryPotter
3
2
DaVinciCode
4
3
TheAlchimist
5
Items added successfully
enter 1 to continue to manage product
2
enter 1 to continue to select login
1
select an option
1. Admin login 2.Member login 3.exit
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update

enter the option

2
enter the number of items to be printed
3
pid pname qty
1 HarryPotter 3
pid pname qty
2 DaVinciCode 4
pid pname qty
3 TheAlchimist 5
the product information is displayed
enter 1 to continue to manage product
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update

enter the option

3
enter the id of the product to be deleted
1
product is successfully deleted
enter 1 to continue to manage product
1
1.Add
2.display
 Reg. No.211423104

3.delete
4.update

enter the option

4
enter the id , name , qty of the product to be added
2
HarryPotter
2
product is updated successfully
enter 1 to continue to manage product
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update

enter the option

2
enter the number of items to be printed
2
pid pname qty
3 TheAlchimist 5

pid pname qty

2 HarryPotter 2
the product information is displayed
enter 1 to continue to manage product
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update

enter the option

1
enter the number of items to be added
1
enter the id , name , qty of the product to be added
1
DaVinciCode
6
items added successfully
enter 1 to continue to manage product
0
enter 1 to continue to select login
1
select an option
1.Admin login 2.Member login 3.exit
2
 Reg. No.211423104

enter the product id to be ordered

1
item ordered successfully
enter 1to make payment
1
payment successfull
enter 1 to continue to select login
1
select an option
1.Admin login 2.Member login 3.exit
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update

enter the option

2
enter the number of items to be printed
2
pid pname qty
1 DaVinciCode 0
pid pname qty
2 HarryPotter 2
the product information is displayed
enter 1 to continue to manage product
1
enter 1 to select login
select an option
1.Admin login 2.Member login 3.exit
3
Build successfull...

Result:
Thus the implementation for exam registration system is successful and the output is verified
 Reg. No.211423104

TESTING

TEST REPORT 1

Product : Book bank System

Use Case :manage book

Test Test Case / Action Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail

Case To Perform Result
ID
1. After Entering the Displays ”Books Books added successfully Pass
Book id,name,qty added
successfully”
2. After Entering the Displays “book Book is successfully deleted Pass
Book ID to be is successfully
deleted deleted”
”

TEST REPORT 2

Product :Book Bank System

Use Case : manage book

Test Test Case / Action To Expected Result Actual Result Pass/Fail

Case Perform
ID
1. After selecting “add” Displays “Enter the Enter the Pass
option number of books to be number of
added” books to be
added.
3
2. After selecting “update” Displays “Enter the Enter the Pass
option id,name,qty” of the book id,name,qty of
to be updated the book to be
updated.
3
DaVinciCode
7
TEST REPORT 3

Product :Book Bank System

Use Case :Make Payment
 Reg. No.211423104

Test Test Case / Action To Expected Result Actual Result Pass/Fail

Case Perform
ID
1. After books ordered Displays “Enter 1 to make Enter 1 to make Pass
successfully payment” payment
2. After Entering ‘1’ to Displays “Payment Payment Pass
make payment successful” successful
 211423104

EX. NO: 2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Problem statement for exam registration form

Description:
The problem statement is the initial starting point for a project. It is basically a one to three page statement
that everyone on the project agrees with that describes what will be done at a high level. The problem
statement is intended for a broad audience and should be written in non-technical terms. It helps the non-
technical and technical personnel communicate by providing a description of a problem. It doesn't describe
the solution to the problem. The input to requirement engineering is the problem statement prepared by
customer. It may give an overview of the existing system along with broad expectations from the new
system. The first phase of requirements engineering begins with requirements elicitation i.e. gathering of
information about requirements. Here, requirements are identified with the help of customer and existing
system processes. So from here begins the preparation of problem statement. So, basically a problem
statement describes what needs to be done without describing how.

Problem Statement: Exam Registration System

The process of registering for exams in educational institutions is often inefficient and time-consuming
when handled manually. Students face challenges in scheduling, paying fees, and verifying their registration
status, while administrators struggle to manage data accurately. An Exam Registration System aims to
address these challenges by providing an automated and centralized platform to simplify the registration
process for students and administrators.

Current Issues in Exam Registration

1. Manual Registration Processes:

Paper-based or manual systems are prone to human errors, such as incorrect entries, loss of records, or
double registration.

The process requires students to physically visit the institution, which consumes time and resources.

2. Inefficient Fee Management:

 211423104

Collecting and verifying exam fees manually often leads to delays and discrepancies.
Students may face confusion about payment deadlines, receipt confirmation, and refunds.

3. Scheduling Conflicts:

Without a proper system, students may inadvertently register for overlapping exam schedules.

Administrators struggle to coordinate multiple exam sessions and allocate resources (e.g., exam halls,
invigilators) effectively.

4. Data Inconsistencies:

Maintaining accurate records for student registrations, fee payments, and exam schedules is challenging,
especially in institutions with large numbers of students.
Errors in record-keeping can lead to disputes, such as incorrect admit cards or missing student entries.

5. Limited Access to Information:

Students often lack updated information about exam schedules, registration deadlines, and changes.
Communication gaps result in missed deadlines or unprepared students.

6. Scalability Issues:

As institutions grow, manual systems cannot efficiently handle the increasing number of students and exams

Objective of the Exam Registration System

To overcome these challenges, the Exam Registration System will provide a digital platform that ensures a
streamlined, error-free, and accessible process for all stakeholders.

Features and Benefits

1. Automated Exam Registration:

Students can register for exams online, view available slots, and choose their preferences without visiting
the institution.

2. Fee Payment Integration:

Integration with online payment gateways for seamless fee transactions.

 211423104

Automated receipts and real-time updates on payment status.

3. Conflict-Free Scheduling:

The system prevents students from registering for overlapping exam sessions.
Administrators can easily manage exam schedules and resources.

4. Centralized Record Management:

All registration data is stored digitally, ensuring accuracy and ease of access for administrators.

Students receive accurate admit cards and real-time status updates.

5. Notification System:
Automated alerts for registration deadlines, fee payments, and schedule changes.

Students stay informed without the need for manual reminders.

6. Scalable and User-Friendly:

The system is designed to handle growing numbers of students and exams.

Intuitive interfaces ensure easy navigation for both students and administrators.

Summary

An Exam Registration System resolves the inefficiencies of manual processes by offering a centralized,
automated platform for managing registrations, fees, and schedules. It reduces administrative burdens,
ensures error-free operations, and provides students with a hassle-free experience.

Conclusion:
The Problem Statement was written successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO: 3 SRS

DATE:

Aim:
To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for Exam Registration System

1. Introduction

The Exam Registration System (ERS) is a software solution designed to streamline the process of exam
registration for students and administrators. It aims to replace traditional manual methods, which are often
time-consuming, error-prone, and inefficient, with an automated, user-friendly, and reliable system. The
ERS will allow students to register for exams, view schedules, and receive important notifications, while
providing administrators with tools to manage exam details and monitor the registration process.

The primary purpose of this document is to outline the requirements for the ERS, ensuring that all
stakeholders, including developers, testers, and end-users, have a clear understanding of the system’s
functionality, constraints, and objectives. By providing detailed descriptions of the system's features,
interfaces, and performance expectations, this document serves as the foundation for the system's design and
development phases.

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of the Exam Registration System is to simplify and improve the exam registration process for
students and administrators. The system will:

 Enable students to register for their exams through an online portal, accessible via desktop or mobile
devices.
 Allow administrators to manage exam schedules, monitor registrations, and generate reports.
 Reduce errors and administrative workload by automating key processes, such as validation of
registration deadlines and notifications.
 This document provides the detailed requirements for the ERS, which will guide the development,
testing, and implementation of the system.

1.2 Document Conventions

 211423104

This document follows the standard conventions of Software Requirements Specification (SRS)
documentation:

 Functional requirements are labeled as "FR" followed by a number (e.g., FR1, FR2).
 Non-functional requirements are labeled as "NFR" followed by a number (e.g., NFR1, NFR2).
 Terminology and acronyms are explained in Appendix A.
 References to related documents and standards are included in Section 1.6.

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for the following audiences:

1. Students: As primary users, students will use the system to register for exams and view their schedules.

2. Administrators: Responsible for managing exam details, approving registrations, and monitoring the
system's performance.

3. Developers: The technical team responsible for designing and implementing the system. This document
provides them with a clear set of requirements and constraints.
4. Testers: The team tasked with ensuring that the system meets the specified requirements and functions
correctly.

1.4 Additional Information

The Exam Registration System will integrate with the institution’s existing Student Management System
(SMS) to ensure consistency and accuracy of student data. It will provide a secure and scalable platform that
meets the needs of both small institutions and larger universities with thousands of students. The system will
support both English and other regional languages, ensuring accessibility for diverse user groups.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

For any queries or concerns related to this document or the system, stakeholders can reach out to the
following team members:

Project Manager: [Name, Email, Phone]

Lead Developer: [Name, Email, Phone]

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Quality Assurance Lead: [Name, Email, Phone]

Documentation Specialist: [Name, Email, Phone]

1.6 References

This document was prepared with reference to the following materials:

1. Institution’s internal Student Management Guidelines.

2. ISO/IEC 25010: Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation.

3. Previous SRS documents for similar systems implemented in other institutions.

4. Guidelines for designing user-friendly web and mobile applications.

2. Overall Description

The Exam Registration System is designed to be a centralized platform for managing all aspects of exam
registration. The system will provide students with a user-friendly interface to view available exams, register
within specified deadlines, and track their schedules. Administrators will be able to manage exam details,
approve registrations, and generate reports on registration trends and attendance.

2.1 Product Perspective

The Exam Registration System is a standalone product that will integrate seamlessly with the institution's
existing database and Student Management System. It will act as a bridge between students and the
administration, ensuring that all exam-related processes are conducted smoothly and efficiently. The system
is expected to reduce administrative overhead, improve data accuracy, and provide students with a
convenient and accessible way to manage their exam registrations.

2.2 Product Functions

The system will offer the following key functions:

1. Exam Registration: Students can browse available exams and register within the allowed timeframes.

2. Schedule Management: Students can view their registered exams along with dates, times, and venues.
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3. Notifications: Automated reminders will be sent to students regarding registration deadlines, exam
schedules, and other important updates.
4. Administration: Administrators can add, update, or delete exam details, approve or reject registrations,
and monitor system performance.
5. Reporting: Generate reports on registration trends, attendance, and other metrics for administrative
review.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

The system will be used by three main user groups:

1. Students: Students require an intuitive interface that allows them to quickly register for exams, view
schedules, and receive notifications. They should have minimal training to use the system effectively.
2. Administrators: Administrators need advanced tools for managing exams, approving registrations, and
generating reports. They require a secure login and role-based access to system features.
3. IT Support: IT staff may require access to the system for troubleshooting and maintenance. They need
detailed documentation and administrative-level access.

2.4 Operating Environment

The Exam Registration System will operate in a web-based environment and will be accessible through
modern web browsers such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, and Microsoft Edge. The system
will also support mobile devices running iOS and Android. The server environment will be Linux-based,
with MySQL for the database and Apache for the web server.

2.5 User Environment

Students and administrators will access the system from various devices, including desktops, laptops, and
mobile phones. While the system requires an active internet connection, it will be designed to handle
occasional connectivity issues gracefully, such as by saving form data temporarily.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

The development of the Exam Registration System will face the following constraints:

1. Data Privacy: The system must comply with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other
relevant data privacy laws.
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2. Budget: The project must be completed within the allocated budget and timeline.

3. Scalability: The system must be able to handle a maximum of 10,000 simultaneous users without
performance degradation.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

The institution's database and network infrastructure will support the integration of the Exam Registration
System.

 Students will have access to institutional credentials for logging into the system.
 The development team will have access to all required resources and documentation.

3. External Interface Requirements

External interface requirements define how the system interacts with users, hardware, software, and
communication protocols. These interactions ensure seamless functionality and user satisfaction.

3.1 User Interfaces

The system’s user interfaces will provide intuitive navigation and efficient access to functionalities.

 Student Interface:Students will interact with the system via a web-based dashboard. Key components
include:
 Login Screen: A secure login page requiring institutional credentials.
 Dashboard: Displays a summary of registered exams, notifications, and deadlines.
 Registration Page: Lists available exams with details such as course code, date, time, and venue.
Includes a "Register" button for exam selection.

 Notifications Section: Provides important alerts, such as registration deadlines or schedule updates.
 Administrator Interface:Administrators will have access to a separate dashboard for managing exams
and monitoring registrations.
 Exam Management Tools: Add, update, or delete exam schedules.
 Approval Panel: View and approve pending exam registrations.
 Reports Section: Generate and download reports on student registrations and attendance trends.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

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The system will interact with the following hardware components:

Server Hardware: A Linux-based server with a minimum of:

8-core processor
16 GB RAM

500 GB SSD storage

Client Devices:

Desktops, laptops, and mobile devices capable of running modern web browsers.

Devices should support a screen resolution of at least 1024x768 pixels for optimal user experience.

3.3 Software Interfaces

The system will depend on several software interfaces for proper functionality:

 Database: MySQL 8.0 for storing and managing exam schedules, user data, and registration records.
 Operating System: Linux-based server OS for hosting the application.
 Web Server: Apache HTTP Server for handling client requests.
 APIs: RESTful APIs will facilitate data exchange between the frontend and backend.
 Integration with Student Management System (SMS): Ensures consistency of student data across
systems.

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

The system will employ secure and reliable communication protocols:

 HTTP/HTTPS: For web communication, ensuring data is transmitted securely.

 SMTP: For sending email notifications about exam registration and schedules.
 TCP/IP: Underlying network protocol to ensure reliable communication between clients and the
server.

4. System Features
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This section outlines the core features of the Exam Registration System, detailing their descriptions,
priorities, actions/results, and functional requirements.

4.1 System Feature A: Exam Registration

4.1.1 Description and Priority

The exam registration feature allows students to view available exams, select their preferred ones, and
register within the specified deadlines. This is a high-priority feature as it forms the core functionality of the
system.

4.1.2 Action/Result

 Action: A student logs in, navigates to the registration page, selects the desired exams, and confirms
their registration.
 Result: The system saves the registration details to the database and sends a confirmation email to
the student.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

 FR1: Display a list of available exams based on the student’s enrolled courses.

 FR2: Validate exam registration deadlines before allowing submission.

 FR3: Save the registration details in the database and generate a unique registration ID.
 FR4: Notify students via email upon successful registration.

4.2 System Feature B: Notifications

4.2.1 Description and Priority

The notification feature ensures that students and administrators are kept informed about important updates,
such as approaching deadlines, schedule changes, or confirmations. This feature is of medium priority.
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4.2.2 Action/Result

 Action: The system automatically checks for upcoming deadlines or events and generates
notifications.
 Result: Notifications are displayed on the user dashboard and sent via email.

4.2.3 Functional Requirements

 FR5: Generate and send reminders for registration deadlines one week and one day before the
deadline.
 FR6: Notify students of any changes to exam schedules or venues.
 FR7: Display unread notifications prominently on the dashboard.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

Nonfunctional requirements define the system's performance, security, and usability standards.

5.1 Performance Requirements

The system must perform efficiently to meet user expectations:

 NFR1: The system must handle up to 10,000 simultaneous users without a noticeable decrease in
performance.
 NFR2: All actions (e.g., registration, login) must have a response time of under 2 seconds.

5.2 Safety Requirements

The system must ensure the safety of user data and operations:

 NFR3: Backup procedures must be implemented to prevent data loss in the event of a system failure.
 NFR4: Data must be recoverable within 24 hours of a crash or data corruption incident.
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5.3 Security Requirements

The system must protect sensitive user information:

 NFR5: Use HTTPS to encrypt all data transmissions.

 NFR6: Implement role-based access control (RBAC) to restrict access to sensitive features.
 NFR7: Store passwords using a secure hashing algorithm.

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

Usability: The system must have an intuitive design, requiring minimal training for students and
administrators.
Maintainability: Code must follow modular principles, enabling easy updates and bug fixes.

Scalability: The system must support an increasing number of users and data without performance
degradation.

5.5 Project Documentation

Detailed project documentation must be provided, including:

System architecture diagrams.

API documentation.

Database schema and configuration details.

5.6 User Documentation

The system will include comprehensive user guides and help resources:

Online Help: A help section accessible through the dashboard, covering FAQs and troubleshooting tips.

User Manuals: Detailed guides for students and administrators, including screenshots and step-by-step
instructions.
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6. Other Requirements

The following additional requirements are applicable to the system:

 NFR8: The system must integrate with third-party scheduling tools, if required by the institution.
 NFR9: The system must support multilingual interfaces for accessibility.

Appendix A: Terminology/Glossary/Definitions List

ERS: Exam Registration System.

RBAC: Role-Based Access Control.

SMS: Student Management System.

RESTful API: An API design standard for web-based communication.

Appendix B: To Be Determined

The following items are yet to be determined:

Specific error messages for user actions.

Third-party tools for integration (if required).

Conclusion:

The Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for the Exam Registration System was successfully created
by following a structured methodology. This document defines the system's objectives, features, and
constraints in detail, ensuring a clear understanding for all stakeholders. By adhering to these requirements,
the development and implementation of the ERS will meet institutional needs and enhance the overall
efficiency of exam management processes.
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EX. NO: 4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw a sample Entity Relationship diagram for exam registration system

Entity Relationship diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:
The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above
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EX. NO: 5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Data Flow Diagram for exam registration system

Data Flow diagram for exam registration system

Level 0 diagram:
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Level 1 diagram:
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Level 2 diagram:

Conclusion:
The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
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EX. NO:6 USE CASE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw the Use Case Diagram for exam registration system

Use Case Diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:
The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
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EX. NO: 7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw a sample activity diagram for exam registration system

Activity Diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:
The Activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted
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EX. NO: 8 STATE CHART DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare State Chart diagram for exam registration system

State Chart diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted
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EX.NO: 9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw the sequence diagram for a exam registration system

Sequence diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
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EX.NO:10 CLASS DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw class diagram for exam registration system

Class diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps describe
 211423104

EX. NO: 11 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Collaboration Diagram for exam registration system

Collaboration diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
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EX. NO: 12 DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Collaboration Diagram for exam registration system

Deployment diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
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EX. NO: 13 COMPONENT DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Component Diagram for exam registration system

Component diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
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EX. NO: 14 IMPLEMENTATION

DATE:

Aim:
To implement the design by coding

JAVA PROGRAM:

import java.sql.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ExamRegistrationSystem {

private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/exam_db";

private static final String USER = "root"; // Change to your MySQL username

private static final String PASSWORD = ""; // Change if you have a password

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

while (true) {
System.out.println("\n--- Exam Registration System ---");

System.out.println("1. Register for an Exam");

System.out.println("2. View Registered Students");

System.out.println("3. Exit");

System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");

int choice = scanner.nextInt();

scanner.nextLine(); // Consume newline

switch (choice) {

case 1:
registerStudent(scanner);

break;

case 2:
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viewRegisteredStudents();
break;

case 3:
System.out.println("Exiting...");

return;

default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Try again.");

}
}

private static void registerStudent(Scanner scanner) {

System.out.print("Enter your name: ");

String name = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter your email: ");

String email = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter exam name: ");

String exam = scanner.nextLine();

String query = "INSERT INTO students (name, email, exam) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);

PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) {

pstmt.setString(1, name);

pstmt.setString(2, email);
pstmt.setString(3, exam);

int rowsInserted = pstmt.executeUpdate();

if (rowsInserted > 0) {

System.out.println("Registration successful!");
}

} catch (SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException e) {

System.out.println("Error: Email already registered.");

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} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();

}
}

private static void viewRegisteredStudents() {

String query = "SELECT * FROM students";

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);

Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(query)) {
System.out.println("\n--- Registered Students ---");
while (rs.next()) {

System.out.println("ID: " + rs.getInt("id") +

", Name: " + rs.getString("name") +

", Email: " + rs.getString("email") +

", Exam: " + rs.getString("exam") +

", Date: " + rs.getTimestamp("registration_date")); }

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();
}}

SQL QUERY:

CREATE DATABASE exam_db;

USE exam_db;

CREATE TABLE students (

id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE NOT NULL,

exam VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

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registration_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

);

OUTPUT:

Result:
Thus the implementation for exam registration system is successful and the output is verified
211423104
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EX. NO: 2
PROBLEM STATEMENT
DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Problem statement for stock maintenance system.

Description:
The problem statement is the initial starting point for a project. It is basically a one to three page statement
that everyone on the project agrees with that describes what will be done at a high level. The problem
statement is intended for a broad audience and should be written in non-technical terms. It helps the non-
technical and technical personnel communicate by providing a description of a problem. It doesn't describe
the solution to the problem. The input to requirement engineering is the problem statement prepared by
customer. It may give an overview of the existing system along with broad expectations from the new
system. The first phase of requirements engineering begins with requirements elicitation i.e. gathering of
information about requirements. Here, requirements are identified with the help of customer and existing
system processes. So from here begins the preparation of problem statement. So, basically a problem
statement describes what needs to be done without describing how.

Problem Statement: Stock Maintenance System

A Stock Maintenance System is a software or set of processes designed to manage and track the
inventory of a business or organization. Its primary purpose is to ensure that the right amount of stock is
available at the right time, in the right place, to meet customer demand and operational needs, without
incurring unnecessary costs associated with overstocking or stockouts.Inefficient and Inaccurate Stock
Management Leads to Operational Inefficiencies and Financial Losses.

Many organizations face significant challenges in effectively managing their inventory or stock levels. This
often results in a range of negative consequences, including:

 Stockouts:

Running out of critical items leads to lost sales, production delays, and frustrated customers.

 Overstocking:

Holding excessive inventory ties up valuable capital, increases storage costs, and increases the risk of
obsolescence or spoilage.

 Inaccurate Inventory Data:

Manual or outdated tracking methods lead to discrepancies between actual and recorded stock levels,
making informed decision-making difficult.

 Inefficient Procurement:
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Lack of real-time visibility into stock levels and consumption patterns results in poorly timed or
excessive ordering, further exacerbating overstocking or stockout issues.

 Time-Consuming and Error-Prone Processes:

Manual inventory management tasks are time-intensive, prone to human error, and consume valuable
employee time that could be dedicated to other strategic activities.

 Lack of Visibility and Reporting:

Inability to easily track inventory movement, identify slow-moving items, or generate accurate reports
hinders effective performance analysis and decision-making.

 Difficulty in Managing Multiple Locations/Warehouses:

For organizations with multiple storage facilities, managing inventory across these locations becomes
complex and challenging without a centralized system.

As a result, the organization experiences:

 Reduced Profitability:

Due to lost sales, increased holding costs, and potential write-offs of obsolete inventory.

 Decreased Operational Efficiency:

Due to delays in fulfilling orders, production stoppages, and inefficient procurement processes.

 Poor Customer Satisfaction:

Due to stockouts and delays in order fulfillment.

 Increased Operational Costs:

Due to manual processes, storage expenses, and potential waste.

Therefore, there is a critical need for a robust and efficient stock maintenance system to

address these challenges and improve overall operational performance and financial outcomes.

Key Functions and Features:

 Inventory Tracking:

Real-time monitoring of stock levels, including quantities, locations, and status of each item. This often
involves the use of barcodes, RFID tags, or other identification methods.

 Order Management:
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Facilitating the process of placing, receiving, and managing purchase orders from suppliers. This
includes tracking order status, delivery schedules, and managing returns.

 Sales Tracking:

Recording sales transactions and automatically updating inventory levels to reflect the sold items.

 Stock Level Management:

Setting and monitoring reorder points and safety stock levels to prevent stockouts and minimize
overstocking.

 Reporting and Analytics:

Generating reports on inventory levels, sales trends, stock movements, and other key performance
indicators (KPIs) to provide insights for decision-making.

Benefits of Implementing a Stock Maintenance System:

 Improved Inventory Accuracy: Reduces manual errors and provides a more accurate picture of
stock levels.
 Reduced Costs: Minimizes waste, storage costs, and the risk of obsolete inventory.
 Enhanced Efficiency: Automates manual processes, saving time and resources.
 Better Decision-Making: Provides data-driven insights for procurement, sales forecasting, and
inventory optimization.

Summary:
A Stock Maintenance System is a vital tool for businesses to effectively manage their inventory. It
involves tracking stock levels in real-time, managing orders, monitoring sales, setting optimal stock levels,
generating reports, and often managing inventory across multiple locations.

Conclusion:
Thus the program written and executed sucessfully.
 211423104

EX. NO: 3
SRS
DATE:

Aim:
To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for Stock Maintenance System

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

This document specifies the requirements for a Stock Maintenance System. It serves as a comprehensive
guide for the development team, stakeholders, and testers to understand the functionalities and
characteristics of the system.

1.2 Scope

This Stock Maintenance System will be used to manage and track inventory levels, manage purchase orders,
record sales transactions, generate inventory reports, and provide insights into stock movements. The system
will primarily focus on managing physical goods within [Specify the target organization or industry, e.g., a
retail store, a warehouse, a manufacturing facility].

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

 SRS: Software Requirements Specification

 UI: User Interface
 API: Application Programming Interface 1

1. www.assignmenthelp.net

2. www.assignmenthelp.net

 GUI: Graphical User Interface

 SKU: Stock Keeping Unit
 RFID: Radio-Frequency Identification
 KPI: Key Performance Indicator

(Add any other relevant definitions specific to the system)

1.4 References

(List any relevant documents, standards, or specifications.)

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1.5 Overview

This SRS is organized into sections covering the overall system description, specific functional requirements,
non-functional requirements, and other relevant information.

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

The Stock Maintenance System will be a standalone web-based or desktop application that will allow users
to efficiently manage their inventory. It may integrate with other existing business systems in the future.

2.2 Product Functions

The system will provide the following primary functions:

 Inventory Management: Tracking of stock items, their quantities, locations, and other relevant
details.
 Purchase Order Management: Creation, tracking, and management of purchase orders.
 Sales Order Management (Basic): Recording of sales transactions and updating
inventory accordingly.
 Reporting and Analysis: Generation of various inventory reports.
 User Management and Security: Secure access for different user roles.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

The system will have the following user roles:

 Administrator: Has full access to all system functionalities, including user management,
system configuration, and data management.
 Inventory Manager: Responsible for managing inventory levels, receiving stock, and
generating inventory reports.
 Sales Clerk/User: Responsible for recording sales transactions and potentially viewing stock
availability.
 Procurement Officer: Responsible for creating and managing purchase orders.

(Specify the characteristics of each user class, e.g., technical skills, frequency of use.)

2.4 Operating Environment

 Hardware: [Specify minimum and recommended hardware requirements for the server and client
machines, e.g., processor speed, RAM, storage space.]

 Software:

o Server Operating System: [Specify supported server operating systems, e.g.,

Windows Server, Linux.]
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o Client Operating System: [Specify supported client operating systems, e.g., Windows
10/11, macOS.]
o Web Browser (if web-based): [Specify supported web browsers, e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Edge.]
o Database: [Specify the database system to be used, e.g., PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server.]

2.5 Design and Implementation Constraints

 Technology:

[Specify any mandatory technologies or frameworks to be used, e.g., specific programming languages,
frameworks.]

 Integration:

[Specify any required integration with other existing systems, e.g., accounting software, POS system.]

 Third-Party Components: [Specify any third-party libraries or APIs to be used.]

 Security Requirements: [Mention any specific security standards or protocols to be adhered to.]

2.6 Assumptions and Dependencies

 Assumptions: [List any assumptions made during the requirements gathering process, e.g., reliable
internet connection, users have basic computer literacy.]
 Dependencies: [List any external systems or services that the system depends on.]

3. Specific Requirements

3.1 Functional Requirements

3.1.1 Inventory Management

 FR01: Item Creation: The system shall allow users to add new stock items with details such as
SKU, name, description, unit of measure, category, supplier, and initial quantity.
 FR02: Item Editing: The system shall allow users to modify the details of existing stock items.
 FR03: Item Deletion: The system shall allow users to mark items as inactive or archive them.
(Actual deletion might be restricted for audit purposes.)
 FR04: Stock In: The system shall allow users to record the receipt of new stock, specifying the
item, quantity received, date, and supplier.
 FR05: Stock Out: The system shall allow users to record the removal of stock, specifying the
item, quantity removed, date, and reason (e.g., sales, adjustments).
 FR06: Stock Level Monitoring: The system shall display the current stock levels for each item.
 FR07: Location Management: The system shall allow users to define and manage different
storage locations (e.g., warehouses, shelves).
 FR09: Stock Adjustment: The system shall allow users to record stock adjustments (e.g., due
to damage, loss) with a reason.
 FR10: Low Stock Alerts: The system shall notify designated users when the stock level of an
item falls below a predefined reorder point.
 FR11: Reorder Point Management: The system shall allow users to set and modify reorder
points for each item.
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 FR12: Safety Stock Management: The system shall allow users to set and modify safety stock
levels for each item.

3.1.2 Purchase Order Management

 FR13: Purchase Order Creation:

The system shall allow authorized users to create new purchase orders, specifying supplier, items,
quantities, and delivery date.

 FR14: Purchase Order Tracking:

The system shall allow users to track the status of purchase orders (e.g., pending, ordered, received).

 FR15: Purchase Order Editing:

The system shall allow authorized users to modify existing purchase orders before they are received.

 FR16: Purchase Order Approval:

The system shall support a workflow for purchase order approval (if applicable).

 FR17: Receiving Stock via PO:

The system shall allow users to record the receipt of items against a specific purchase order.

3.1.3 Sales Order Management (Basic)

 FR18: Sales Transaction Recording: The system shall allow users to record sales
transactions, specifying the items sold, quantity, date, and customer (optional).
 FR19: Inventory Update on Sale: The system shall automatically update the inventory levels
upon recording a sale.

3.1.4 Reporting and Analysis

 FR20: Inventory Summary Report:

The system shall generate a report showing the current stock levels of all items or a selected category.

 FR21: Low Stock Report:

The system shall generate a report listing all items below their reorder point.

 FR22: Stock Movement Report: The system shall generate a report showing the movement of stock
over a specified period.
 FR23: Sales Report:

The system shall generate a report summarizing sales transactions over a specified period (basic).
 211423104

3.1.5 User Management and Security

 FR27: User Account Creation:

The system shall allow administrators to create new user accounts with specific roles and permissions.

 FR28: User Role Management:

The system shall allow administrators to define and manage different user roles with specific access
rights to system functionalities.

 FR29: Password Management:

The system shall enforce password complexity requirements and allow users to change their passwords.

 FR30: Login and Logout:

The system shall provide secure login and logout functionality.

 FR31: Audit Logging:

The system shall maintain an audit log of significant system activities, including user actions and data
modifications.

3.2 Non-Functional Requirements

3.2.1 Performance Requirements

 NFR01: Response Time:

The system shall respond to user requests within [Specify acceptable response times, e.g., 3 seconds]
for most common operations.

 NFR02: Data Processing:

The system shall be able to process [Specify expected data volume, e.g., up to X transactions per day]
efficiently.

3.2.2 Security Requirements

 NFR03: Access Control: The system shall implement role-based access control to ensure that users
can only access functionalities and data relevant to their assigned roles.
 NFR04: Data Security: The system shall protect sensitive inventory data from unauthorized
access, modification, or disclosure. (Specify any specific security measures, e.g., encryption.)
 NFR05: Authentication: The system shall securely authenticate users before granting access.

3.2.3 Usability Requirements

 211423104

 NFR06: User Interface: The system shall have an intuitive and user-friendly interface that is easy
to navigate and understand.
 NFR07: Help and Documentation: The system shall provide online help or documentation for users.

3.2.4 Reliability Requirements

 NFR08: Availability: The system shall be available [Specify the desired uptime percentage,
e.g., 99.9%] of the time during business hours.
 NFR09: Data Backup: The system shall provide a mechanism for regular data backups.

3.2.5 Maintainability Requirements

 NFR10: Modularity: The system shall be designed in a modular manner to facilitate

easier maintenance and future enhancements.

 NFR11: Code Documentation: The source code shall be well-documented.

3.2.6 Scalability Requirements

 NFR12: Scalability: The system should be designed to handle an increasing volume of data
and users in the future.

4. Data Requirements

(Provide a high-level overview of the key data entities and their attributes, e.g.:)

 Item: ItemID (PK), Name, SKU, Description, UnitOfMeasure, CategoryID (FK), SupplierID
(FK), ReorderPoint, SafetyStock, CurrentQuantity, LocationID (FK), etc.
 Category: CategoryID (PK), CategoryName, Description.
 Supplier: SupplierID (PK), SupplierName, ContactPerson, ContactDetails.
 Location: LocationID (PK), LocationName, Description.
 PurchaseOrder: POID (PK), SupplierID (FK), OrderDate, DeliveryDate, Status, CreatedBy (FK), etc.
 PurchaseOrderItem: POItemID (PK), POID (FK), ItemID (FK), QuantityOrdered, UnitPrice, etc.
 SalesTransaction: SaleID (PK), ItemID (FK), QuantitySold, SaleDate, CustomerID (optional), etc.
 User: UserID (PK), Username, Password, RoleID (FK), etc.
 Role: RoleID (PK), RoleName, Permissions.

5. Interface Requirements

(Specify any requirements related to the user interface, APIs, or integrations with other systems.)

 UI Requirements: The system should have a consistent look and feel. The UI should be
responsive and accessible on [Specify supported devices, e.g., desktop browsers].
 API Requirements (if applicable): [Specify any API endpoints or functionalities that will be exposed.]
 Integration Requirements: [Specify how the system will integrate with other systems, e.g., through
API calls, data import/export.]

6. Constraints
 211423104

(List any specific constraints that the development team must adhere to, which haven't been
mentioned elsewhere.)

7. Future Enhancements (Optional)

(Briefly mention any potential future features or functionalities that are not included in the current
scope but might be considered later, e.g., barcode scanning integration, advanced forecasting.)

8. Glossary (Optional)

(Include a glossary of any technical terms or industry-specific jargon used in the document.)

9. Appendices (Optional)

(Include any supporting documents or diagrams, such as use case diagrams or data flow diagrams.)

Conclusion:

The Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for the Stock Maintenance System was successfully
created by following a structured methodology. This document defines the system's objectives, features, and
constraints in detail, ensuring a clear understanding for all stakeholders.
 211423104

EX. NO: 4
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
DATE:

Aim:

To draw a sample Entity Relationship diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Entity Relationship diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO: 5

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Data Flow Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Data Flow Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

LEVEL 0:
 211423104

LEVEL 1:

Conclusion:
The Data flow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
USE CASE DIAGRAM
6 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare use case Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

USE CASE DIAGRAM for Stock Maintenance System.

Conclusion:

The UseCase diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
7 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Activity Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Activity Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The Activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
STATE CHART DIAGRAM
8 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Activity Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

State chart Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The State chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
9 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Activity Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Sequence Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The Sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
CLASS DIAGRAM
10 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Class Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Class Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The Class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX.
COLLABORATION DIAGRAM
NO:

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Collaboration Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Collaboration Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The Colaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM
12 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare deployment Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Deployment Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO:
COMPONENT DIAGRAM
13 DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Component Diagram for Stock Maintenance System.

Component Diagram for Stock Maintenance System

Conclusion:
The Component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX. NO: 11
IMPLEMENTATION
DATE:

Aim:
To implement the design by coding

IMPLEMENTATION & TESTING

Product.java:
package product; import
java.util.*; import
java.io.*;
class Product extends Customer
{
Int t;int f;inti=0;int count=0,count1=0; public
static int[] pid=new int[100];
public static String[] pname=new String[100]; public
static int[] qty=new int[100];
public static int[] ord=new int[100]; public
void manageproduct()
{
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in); do
{
System.out.println("1.Add\n 2.display\n 3.delete\n 4.update\n");
System.out.println("enter the option");
int n=s.nextInt(); switch(n)
{
case 1:
System.out.println("enter the number of items to be added"); int
no=s.nextInt();
System.out.println("enter the id,name,qty of the product to be added"); no=no-1;
int f=i+no; for(;i<=f;i++)
{
pid[i]=s.nextInt();
pname[i]=s.next();
qty[i]=s.nextInt();

}
 211423104

i=i;
System.out.println("items added successfully"); break;
case 2:
System.out.println("enter the number of items to be printed"); int
scan=s.nextInt();
for(inti=0;i<scan;i++)
{
System.out.println("pidpnameqty ");
System.out.println(pid[i]+"\t"+pname[i]+"\t"+qty[i]);
}
System.out.println("the product information is displayed"); break;
case 3:
System.out.println("enter the id of the product to be deleted"); int
did=s.nextInt();
for(inti=0;i<=pid.length-1;i++)
{
if(pid[i]!=0)
{
count++;
}
}
for(i=0;i<=count+1;i++)
{
if(pid[i]==did)
{
pid[i]=pid[count-1];
pname[i]=pname[count-1];
qty[i]=qty[count-1];
pid[count-1]=pid[pid.length-1]; pname[count-
1]=pname[pname.length-1]; qty[count-
1]=qty[qty.length-1];
break;
}
}
System.out.println("product is successfully deleted"); break;
case 4:
System.out.println("enter the id,name,qty of the product to be added");
intnid=s.nextInt();

String nname=s.next();
 211423104

intnqty=s.nextInt(); for(inti=0;i<=pid.length;i++)
{
if(pid[i]==nid)
{
pid[i]=nid;
pname[i]=nname;
qty[i]=nqty; break;
}
}
System.out.println("product is updated successfully"); break;
case 5:
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("enter 1 to continue to manage product"); t=s.nextInt();
}while(t==1);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Stockperson sp=new Stockperson();
sp.operation();
}
public void delete(int n)
{
int did=n; for(inti=0;i<=pid.length-
1;i++)
{
if(i!=0)
{
count1++;
}
}
for(inti=0;i<=count1;i++)
{
if(pid[i]==did)
{
qty[i]=qty[count1]; break;
}
 211423104

}
}
}
Stockperson.java package
product;
importjava.util.Scanner;
import java.io.*;
class Stockperson extends Product
{
public void operation()
{
int a; do
{
System.out.println("select an option"); System.out.println("1.stockperson
login\t2.Customer login\t3.exit"); Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
int m=s.nextInt();
switch(m)
{
case 1:
{
Product p=new Product();
p.manageproduct(); break;
}
case 2:
{
Customer c=new Customer(); c.order();
break;
}
case 3:
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("enter 1 to continue to select login");
a=s.nextInt();
}while(a==1);
}
}
Customer.java
package product;
 211423104

importjava.util.*;
import java.io.*; class
Customer
{
public void order()
{
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in); Product
p=new Product();
System.out.println("enter the product id to be ordered"); int
search=s.nextInt();
p.delete(search);
System.out.println("item ordered successfully");
System.out.println("enter 1to make payment"); int
b=s.nextInt();
if(b==1)
{
Customer c=new Customer(); c.makepayment();
}
}
public void makepayment()
{
System.out.println("payment successfull");
}
}
Output:
select an option
1.stockperson login 2.Customer login 3.exit
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option 1
enter the number of items to be added 3
enter the id,name,qty of the product to be added 1
tea

3
 211423104

2
coffee
4
3
boost 5
items added successfully
enter 1 to continue to manage product 2
enter 1 to continue to select login 1
select an option
1.stockperson login 2.Customer login 3.exit
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option 2
enter the number of items to be printed 3
pidpnameqty 1
tea
3
pidpnameqty 2
coffee 4
pidpnameqty 3
boost 5
the product information is displayed enter 1
to continue to manage product 1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option

3
 211423104

enter the id of the product to be deleted 1

product is successfully deleted
enter 1 to continue to manage product 1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option 4
enter the id,name,qty of the product to be added 2
tea
2
product is updated successfully
enter 1 to continue to manage product 1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option 2
enter the number of items to be printed 2
pidpnameqty 3
boost 5
pidpnameqty 2
tea
2
the product information is displayed enter 1
to continue to manage product 1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option 1
enter the number of items to be added
 211423104

1
enter the id,name,qty of the product to be added 1
coffee
6
items added successfully
enter 1 to continue to manage product 0
enter 1 to continue to select login 1
select an option
1.stockperson login 2.Customer login 3.exit
2
enter the product id to be ordered 1
item ordered successfully
enter 1to make payment 1
paymentsuccessfull
enter 1 to continue to select login 1
select an option
1.stockperson login 2.Customer login 3.exit
1
1.Add
2.display
3.delete
4.update
enter the option 2
enter the number of items to be printed 2
pidpnameqty 1
coffee 0
pidpnameqty 2
tea
2
the product information is displayed
 211423104

enter 1 to continue to manage product 1

enter 1 to select login select
an option
1.stockperson login 2.customer login 3.exit 3
Build successful...

Result:
Thus the implementation for stock maintenance system is successful and the output is verified.
 211423104

EX. NO: 2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

DATE:

Problem Statement: Online Course Registration System

Aim:
To prepare a problem statement for an Online Course Registration System.

Description:
The problem statement serves as the foundation for developing a system and acts as a high-
level description of the problem that the system is intended to solve. It provides clarity to
both technical and non-technical stakeholders regarding the issues faced with existing
systems and the goals of the new system, without describing specific solutions. The input to
this process is gathered from customer needs and existing system shortcomings, leading to
the creation of the problem statement. In this case, the problem statement focuses on
addressing inefficiencies in the course registration process in educational institutions.

Problem Statement: Online Course Registration System

The current process of enrolling in courses at educational institutions is often manual and
time-consuming, leading to inefficiencies for both students and administrative staff. Students
face difficulties when it comes to selecting courses, checking course availability, paying fees,
and managing their schedules. Administrators, on the other hand, struggle with handling
course allocations, tracking enrollments, and ensuring that students do not face schedule
conflicts. An Online Course Registration System is needed to streamline and automate the
registration process, improving the experience for students and reducing the administrative
burden on staff.

Current Issues in Online Course Registration

1. Manual Registration Processes:

o Paper-based or manual systems lead to human errors, such as incorrect course
enrollments or double-booked courses.
o Students are required to visit the institution physically, or they face lengthy
online processes, consuming both time and resources.
2. Inefficient Course Selection:
o Students often encounter difficulties in viewing the course offerings, available
slots, prerequisites, or course conflicts.
o They may face delays in receiving confirmation of course registration and
schedules, leading to confusion and missed opportunities.
3. Course Schedule Conflicts:
o Without an automated system, students may accidentally select courses with
overlapping schedules.
o Administrators struggle to allocate courses, instructors, and classroom
resources effectively due to a lack of automated scheduling and conflict
management.
 211423104

4. Fee Management Issues:

o Collecting and verifying course registration fees manually can lead to delays
and discrepancies.
o Students may face confusion regarding payment deadlines, transaction
confirmations, and refund processes.
5. Limited Access to Information:
o Students often miss important updates about registration deadlines, available
courses, or changes in course schedules due to lack of real-time
communication.
o Administrators face challenges in managing and tracking course registration
data, leading to inefficient operations and errors in student course assignments.
6. Scalability Issues:
o As the number of students and course offerings increase, manual systems are
unable to scale efficiently, leading to delays, mistakes, and a cumbersome
registration process.

Objective of the Online Course Registration System

The aim of the Online Course Registration System is to resolve these issues by creating a
seamless, efficient, and user-friendly platform for students and administrators to handle
course registrations, fee payments, and scheduling automatically and accurately. The system
will enhance the registration experience and provide centralized control to administrative
staff.

Features and Benefits

1. Automated Course Registration:

o Students can browse available courses, select preferred courses, and register
online without the need for manual intervention.
2. Real-Time Schedule and Availability:
o The system allows students to view real-time course availability and ensure
that they are not enrolling in conflicting courses.
3. Integrated Fee Payment System:
o Integration with payment gateways for secure and easy fee payment.
o Automatic fee receipts and real-time status updates.
4. Conflict-Free Course Scheduling:
o The system prevents students from selecting overlapping course schedules.
o Administrators can efficiently manage class schedules, ensuring that resources
like classrooms and instructors are adequately allocated.
5. Centralized Record Management:
o All course registration data is stored in a digital format for accurate, easy-to-
access records for both students and administrators.
6. Notification System:
o Automated notifications for registration deadlines, course changes, and
payment status updates to keep students informed.
7. Scalable and User-Friendly Design:
o The system is built to accommodate a growing number of students and course
offerings, with an intuitive interface for easy navigation by both students and
administrators.
 211423104

Summary

An Online Course Registration System resolves the inefficiencies of the manual registration
process by providing an automated, user-friendly platform that simplifies course selection,
fee payment, and schedule management. It enhances the student experience by ensuring
timely updates and accurate data while reducing administrative tasks, making the entire
process more efficient, error-free, and scalable.

Conclusion:

This problem statement effectively highlights the issues with the current course registration
process and provides an outline of the goals and features for an Online Course Registration
System. The system will streamline course enrollment, reduce human errors, and provide
greater efficiency for both students and administrators.
 211423104

EX. NO: 3 SRS

DATE:

Aim: To Understand and prepare an SRS of aonline course registration

form.

Description:

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this SRS is to define the functional, non-functional, and

interface requirements for the Online Course Registration System

(OCRS). The system will enable users to browse, register for courses,

and manage enrollments efficiently, while providing administrative tools

to manage course offerings and user accounts.

1.2 Document Conventions

• Bold text is used for section headers.

• Italics are used for special terms or definitions.

• Monospaced text is used for code snippets or technical references.

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:

• Development Team: To design and implement the system.

• Project Managers: To track and monitor project progress.

• Stakeholders: To understand the system’s functionalities.

• Testers: To validate the system against defined requirements.

 211423104

1.4 Additional Information

This document focuses on web-based deployment of the system but is

adaptable to mobile platforms if required.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

• Project Manager: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Lead Developer: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Quality Assurance Lead: [Name, Email, Phone]

1.6 References

• IEEE Standard 830-1998 for SRS Documentation

• [Example UI Design Standards Document]

• [Relevant APIs Documentation for Payment Gateways]

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

The OCRS is a new development project that will serve as a centralized

platform for course registration. It will integrate with existing

institutional databases for user authentication and course information.

2.2 Product Functions

• Course browsing and search based on filters (e.g., category, price,

instructor).

• Real-time seat availability updates for courses.

• User registration and login for students, instructors, and

administrators.

• Course enrollment with payment processing.

 211423104

• Notifications for course schedules, enrollment confirmations, and

reminders.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

• Students: Register for courses, view schedules, and manage their

enrollments.

• Instructors: Manage their course schedules, upload materials, and

track enrollments.

• Administrators: Add and manage courses, monitor enrollments,

and generate reports.

2.4 Operating Environment

• The system will run on web browsers (e.g., Chrome, Firefox,

Safari).

• Backend servers will operate on Linux/Windows environments.

• Database: MySQL or PostgreSQL.

2.5 User Environment

Users will access the platform via desktops, laptops, or mobile devices

with an active internet connection.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

• The system must adhere to accessibility standards (WCAG).

• Data storage must comply with GDPR for privacy and security.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

• Users will have basic knowledge of operating a web-based platform.

 211423104

• Third-party payment gateways will be available for integration.

3. External Interface Requirements

3.1 User Interfaces

• Intuitive web-based UI with separate dashboards for students,

instructors, and administrators.

• Responsive design for compatibility with mobile devices.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

• Users require devices with a keyboard/mouse or touchscreen for

interaction.

• Server hardware requirements: Minimum 8-core CPU, 16GB

RAM, and 500GB storage.

3.3 Software Interfaces

• Backend: Java or Python-based server application.

• Database: MySQL/PostgreSQL for data storage.

• Integration with third-party APIs for payment processing (e.g.,

PayPal, Stripe).

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

• HTTPS for secure communication between users and the server.

• REST APIs for interactions between the client and backend.

 211423104

4. System Features

4.1 System Feature A: Course Browsing and Registration

4.1.1 Description and Priority

Students should be able to browse courses by category, instructor, or

schedule and register for available courses. This is a high-priority

feature.

4.1.2 Action/Result

• Action: The user selects a course and clicks "Register."

• Result: The system checks seat availability, processes payment (if

required), and confirms enrollment.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

• FR1: Provide search functionality with filters for courses.

• FR2: Display real-time seat availability.

• FR3: Allow users to complete registration after successful

payment.

4.2 System Feature B: Notifications and Reminders

4.2.1 Description and Priority

The system will notify users of enrollment confirmations and send

reminders for upcoming courses. This is a medium-priority feature.

4.2.2 Action/Result

• Action: A student registers for a course or the schedule is updated.

• Result: The system sends notifications via email/SMS.

 211423104

4.2.3 Functional Requirements

• FR4: Send email confirmations after course registration.

• FR5: Notify users of schedule changes or cancellations.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

• The system should support at least 500 simultaneous users without

performance degradation.

• Average page load time must not exceed 3 seconds.

5.2 Safety Requirements

• Data backups must be conducted daily.

• The system should handle unexpected failures gracefully without

data loss.

5.3 Security Requirements

• User data and payment details must be encrypted using AES-256.

• The system must implement role-based access controls (RBAC).

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

• Usability: Provide an intuitive user interface for all user roles.

• Reliability: Ensure 99.9% system uptime.

• Scalability: Support an increasing number of users and courses

without performance issues.

 211423104

5.5 Project Documentation

• Project plan and progress tracking documents.

• API documentation for developers.

5.6 User Documentation

• User manuals for students, instructors, and administrators.

• FAQs and troubleshooting guides.

6. Other Requirements

• Localization support for multiple languages.

• Support integration with Learning Management Systems (LMS).

Appendix A: Terminology/Glossary/Definitions

• Course: A program of study offered by the institution.

• Enrollment: The process of registering for a course.

• LMS: Learning Management System.

Appendix B: To Be Determined (TBD)

• Specific LMS integration platforms.

• Payment gateway provider selection.

 211423104

EX. NO: 4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw a sample Entity Relationship diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Entity Relationship diagram for an online couse registration system

Conclusion: The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps
described above
 211423104

EX. NO: 5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Data Flow Diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Data Flow diagram for an course registration system

Level 0 diagram
 211423104

Level 1 diagram

Conclusion:
The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX. NO:6 USE CASE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw the Use Case Diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Use Case Diagram for online course registration system

Conclusion:
The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 211423104

EX. NO: 7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw a sample activity diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Activity Diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The Activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted
 211423104

EX. NO: 8 STATE CHART DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare State Chart diagram for an online course registration system

State Chart diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted.
 211423104

EX.NO: 9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw the sequence diagram for an online course registration system

Sequence diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO:10 CLASS DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw class diagram for an online course registration system

Class diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO: 11 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

DATE:
Aim: To prepare Collaboration diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Collaboration diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO: 12 COMPONENT DIAGRAM

DATE:
Aim: To prepare Component Diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Component diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO: 13 DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

DATE:
Aim: To prepare Deployment Diagram for an Online Course Registration System

Deployment diagram for an online course registration system

Conclusion:
The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX. NO: 14 IMPLEMENTATION

DATE:

Aim:
To implement the design by coding
SQL:
-- Create Database
CREATE DATABASE OnlineCourseDB;
USE OnlineCourseDB;

-- Create Student Table

CREATE TABLE Students (
student_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
age INT NOT NULL,
department VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);

-- Create Course Table

CREATE TABLE Courses (
course_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
course_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
total_seats INT NOT NULL,
available_seats INT NOT NULL
);

-- Insert Courses (Each with 20 Seats)

INSERT INTO Courses (course_id, course_name, total_seats, available_seats) VALUES
(101, 'CSE', 20, 20),
(102, 'IT', 20, 20),
(103, 'ECE', 20, 20);
 211423104

-- Create Registration Table

CREATE TABLE Registrations (
reg_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
student_id INT,
course_id INT,
FOREIGN KEY (student_id) REFERENCES Students(student_id),
FOREIGN KEY (course_id) REFERENCES Courses(course_id)
);

OnlineCourseRegistration.java
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class OnlineCourseRegistration {

static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/OnlineCourseDB";
static final String USER = "root"; // Change to your MySQL username
static final String PASS = ""; // Change to your MySQL password

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice;

do {
System.out.println("\n==== Online Course Registration ====");
System.out.println("1. View Courses");
System.out.println("2. Register for a Course");
System.out.println("3. Cancel Registration");
System.out.println("4. View Registered Students");
System.out.println("5. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
choice = sc.nextInt();
 211423104

switch (choice) {
case 1:
viewCourses();
break;
case 2:
registerCourse(sc);
break;
case 3:
cancelRegistration(sc);
break;
case 4:
viewRegisteredStudents();
break;
case 5:
System.out.println("Exiting... Thank you!");
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");
}
} while (choice != 5);

sc.close();
}

public static void viewCourses() {

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS);
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM Courses")) {

System.out.println("\nCourse ID | Course Name | Total Seats | Available Seats");

while (rs.next()) {
System.out.printf("%-9d | %-11s | %-12d | %-15d\n",
 211423104

rs.getInt("course_id"), rs.getString("course_name"),
rs.getInt("total_seats"), rs.getInt("available_seats"));
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void registerCourse(Scanner sc) {

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS)) {
System.out.print("Enter your Name: ");
sc.nextLine();
String name = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter your Age: ");
int age = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter your Department: ");
sc.nextLine();
String department = sc.nextLine();

// Insert student into Students table

String studentSQL = "INSERT INTO Students (name, age, department) VALUES (?,
?, ?)";
PreparedStatement studentStmt = conn.prepareStatement(studentSQL,
Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
studentStmt.setString(1, name);
studentStmt.setInt(2, age);
studentStmt.setString(3, department);
studentStmt.executeUpdate();

// Get generated student_id

ResultSet generatedKeys = studentStmt.getGeneratedKeys();
int studentId = -1;
if (generatedKeys.next()) {
 211423104

studentId = generatedKeys.getInt(1);
}

System.out.print("Enter Course ID to Register: ");

int courseId = sc.nextInt();

// Check if seats are available

String checkSeatsSQL = "SELECT available_seats FROM Courses WHERE
course_id = ?";
PreparedStatement checkStmt = conn.prepareStatement(checkSeatsSQL);
checkStmt.setInt(1, courseId);
ResultSet rs = checkStmt.executeQuery();

if (rs.next() && rs.getInt("available_seats") > 0) {

// Register student in the course
String registerSQL = "INSERT INTO Registrations (student_id, course_id)
VALUES (?, ?)";
PreparedStatement registerStmt = conn.prepareStatement(registerSQL);
registerStmt.setInt(1, studentId);
registerStmt.setInt(2, courseId);
registerStmt.executeUpdate();

// Decrease available seats

String updateSeatsSQL = "UPDATE Courses SET available_seats =
available_seats - 1 WHERE course_id = ?";
PreparedStatement updateStmt = conn.prepareStatement(updateSeatsSQL);
updateStmt.setInt(1, courseId);
updateStmt.executeUpdate();

System.out.println(" Registration Successful!");

} else {
System.out.println("Registration Failed! No seats available.");
}
 211423104

} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void cancelRegistration(Scanner sc) {

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS)) {
System.out.print("Enter your Student ID: ");
int studentId = sc.nextInt();

// Find course the student is registered in

String findSQL = "SELECT course_id FROM Registrations WHERE student_id = ?";
PreparedStatement findStmt = conn.prepareStatement(findSQL);
findStmt.setInt(1, studentId);
ResultSet rs = findStmt.executeQuery();

if (rs.next()) {
int courseId = rs.getInt("course_id");

// Delete registration
String deleteSQL = "DELETE FROM Registrations WHERE student_id = ?";
PreparedStatement deleteStmt = conn.prepareStatement(deleteSQL);
deleteStmt.setInt(1, studentId);
deleteStmt.executeUpdate();

// Increase available seats

String updateSeatsSQL = "UPDATE Courses SET available_seats =
available_seats + 1 WHERE course_id = ?";
PreparedStatement updateStmt = conn.prepareStatement(updateSeatsSQL);
updateStmt.setInt(1, courseId);
updateStmt.executeUpdate();
 211423104

System.out.println("Registration Canceled Successfully!");

} else {
System.out.println("No Registration Found!");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void viewRegisteredStudents() {

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS);
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(
"SELECT C.course_name, S.name FROM Registrations R " +
"JOIN Courses C ON R.course_id = C.course_id " +
"JOIN Students S ON R.student_id = S.student_id")) {

System.out.println("\n==== Registered Students in Each Course ====");

while (rs.next()) {
System.out.printf("Course: %-10s | Student: %-10s\n",
rs.getString("course_name"), rs.getString("name"));
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
 211423104

Output:
211423104
211423104
211423104
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO: 2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

DATE:

AIM:
To prepare PROBLEM STATEMENT for Airline Reservation System.

DESCRIPTION:
The problem statement is the initial starting point for a project. It is basically a one to
three page statement that everyone on the project agrees with that describes what will be done
at a high level. The problem statement is intended for a broad audience and should be written
in non-technical terms. It helps the non-technical and technical personnel communicate by
providing a description of a problem. It doesn't describe the solution to the problem.The input
to requirement engineering is the problem statement prepared by customer.It may give an
overview of the existing system along with broad expectations from the new system.The first
phase of requirements engineering begins with requirements elicitation i.e. gathering of
information about requirements. Here, requirements are identified with the help of customer
and existing system processes. So from here begins the preparation of problem statement.
So, basically a problem statement describes what needs to be done without describing how.

Introduction
In the modern era of digital transformation, the airline industry requires an efficient and user-
friendly reservation system to manage flight bookings, ticketing, and passenger services. The
current system, often relying on manual or semi-automated processes, leads to inefficiencies
such as booking errors, double reservations, and a lack of real-time updates. This calls for an
integrated and automated Airline Reservation System (ARS) that streamlines the booking
process while enhancing customer experience.
Problem Description
The existing airline booking process is often cumbersome, leading to delays, mismanagement
of seat allocations, and customer dissatisfaction. Issues such as lack of real-time seat
availability, difficulty in modifying reservations, and inefficient handling of cancellations and
refunds pose significant challenges. Additionally, airlines struggle with maintaining an
organized database of customer information, leading to poor customer relationship
management.

Objectives and Expectations

A new Airline Reservation System is needed to address these inefficiencies by providing:

1. Online Booking and Ticketing – A web-based and mobile-friendly platform for

passengers to search, book, and pay for tickets conveniently.
 REG.NO:211423104

2. Real-time Seat Availability – Dynamic updates on available seats, ensuring accurate

reservations and preventing overbooking.
3. User-friendly Interface – A simple and intuitive interface for both customers and
airline staff to facilitate easy bookings and modifications.
4. Automated Check-in and Boarding – Integration with airline operations to enable
online check-in and automated boarding pass generation.
5. Cancellation and Refund Management – An efficient system for processing ticket
cancellations and refunds based on airline policies.
6. Secure Payment Processing – Secure integration with multiple payment gateways
for smooth and safe transactions.
7. Customer Data Management – A centralized database to store and manage
passenger details for better service personalization and loyalty programs.
8. Integration with Airline Operations – Seamless communication with flight
scheduling and operational management systems.

Scope
The Airline Reservation System is expected to offer a seamless experience for both
passengers and airline staff. The scope includes:

 Multi-platform Accessibility – The system should be accessible via web and mobile
applications.

 Multi-Airline Support – It should support multiple airlines, offering a centralized

booking solution.

 Multi-language and Multi-currency Support – To cater to a global audience, the

system should provide multilingual options and currency conversion.
 Cloud-Based Infrastructure – Ensuring high availability, scalability, and real-time
updates.
 Regulatory Compliance – Adhering to international aviation and data protection
laws such as GDPR and IATA standards.

Benefits of the System

Implementing an advanced Airline Reservation System will provide the following benefits:

1. Enhanced Customer Experience – Faster and hassle-free booking, reducing waiting

times and booking errors.
2. Increased Operational Efficiency – Automation reduces manual workload,
minimizing errors and operational costs.
 REG.NO:211423104

3. Improved Revenue Management – Dynamic pricing and efficient resource

utilization maximize airline profitability.
4. Better Data Security – Secure payment processing and passenger data protection
reduce risks of fraud.
5. Seamless Flight Management – Integration with airline operations ensures better
coordination of flight schedules and resource allocation.
6. Reduced Paperwork – Digital check-ins and e-tickets contribute to a more eco-
friendly, paperless system.
7. Scalability – A well-designed system can be expanded to support growing airline
operations and future technological advancements.

Conclusion
The implementation of a robust Airline Reservation System will not only enhance operational
efficiency but also improve customer satisfaction. By addressing the existing challenges and
integrating modern technologies, the proposed system will ensure seamless ticket booking,
better resource management, and an overall improved airline experience for passengers.

RESULT:

The problem statement was written successfully by following the steps described above.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM:
To draw an ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM for Airline Reservation System.

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
Thus the ER Diagram for the Airline Reservation System is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:6 USE CASE DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM:
To draw the USE CASE DIAGRAM for Airline Reservation System.

USE CASE DIAGRAM:

RESULT:

Thus the Use Case Diagram for Airline Reservation System is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:8 STATE CHART

DIAGRAM DATE:

AIM:
To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for Airline Reservation System.

STATE CHART DIAGRAM:

RESULT:

Thus the State Chart Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM:
To draw an activity diagram for Airline Reservation System.

ACTIVITY DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
Thus the Activity Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM:
To prepare DATA FLOW DIAGRAM for Airline Reservation System.

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM:

Level-0:

Level-1:
 REG.NO:211423104

Level-2:

RESULT:

Thus the Data Flow Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:3 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

DATE:

AIM: To prepare SRS for Airline Reservation System.

Software Requirements Specification

Airline Reservation System
Version 1.0 Approved

Prepared by:

Organization: Panimalar Engineering College

Date Created:25.03.25

1. Introduction:

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to define the requirements for an Airline Reservation
System. This system will facilitate flight bookings, cancellations, and schedule management
for users and administrators.

1.2 Document Conventions

All dates are formatted as YYYY-MM-DD.
Currency is represented in USD.

User actions are in italics, e.g., click Submit.

1.3 Intended Audience and Reading Suggestions

This document is intended for:

Software developers to understand functional and technical requirements.

Quality assurance teams to design test cases.

Stakeholders to verify system scope.

1.4 Project Scope

The Airline Reservation System will provide functionalities for:

Booking flights.
Managing user profiles.

Administering flight schedules.

 REG.NO:211423104

Processing payments securely.

1.5 References
IATA Guidelines for Airline Reservations
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI DSS)

2. Overall Description:

2.1 Product Perspective

This system is a standalone web application and mobile app, integrating with airline
databases, payment gateways, and notification systems.It is designed as a centralized
platform for users to search,book and manage flight reservations efficiently.It integrates
various components to provide a seamless experience for travelers,airline administrators and
support staff.

2.2 Product Features

Flight search based on user preferences.

Booking Management.
User Accounts to manage profiles,Booking history and preferences.

Online payment integration.

Email and SMS notifications.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

Travelers: Can search, book, and cancel flights.

Airline Administrators: Manage schedules, prices, and inventory.

Support Staff: Assist users with booking issues.

2.4 Operating Environment

Compatible with web browsers (Chrome, Firefox, etc.).
Mobile apps for Android and iOS.

2.5 Design and Implementation Constraints

Must comply with PCI DSS for payment security.
High availability to support 24/7 operations.

2.6 User Documentation

User manuals and FAQs will be provided in the system help section.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

 REG.NO:211423104

Stable internet connection required.

Dependence on third-party payment gateway services.

3. System Features:

3.1 Flight Search

Users can search for flights based on origin, destination, and date.

3.2 Booking Management

Users can book and manage reservations.

3.3 Notifications
Automatic email and SMS updates for booking confirmations and schedule changes.

3.4 Payment Processing

Enables secure payment transactions for bookings.

3.5 Customer Support Integration

Offers support to users for resolving issues related to bookings,payments or cancellations.

3.6 User Profile management

Users can create and manage personal accounts for streamlined access to services.

4. External Interface Requirements:

4.1 User Interfaces

Intuitive web and mobile interfaces.The system provides user-friendly web,designed to
ensure seamless navigation for travelers,administrators and support staff,with responsive
layouts that adapt to various screen sizes.

4.2 Hardware Interfaces

Compatible with standard PC, mobile devices, and tablets.Also supports peripheral devices
such as printers for tickets printing and QR/barcode scanners for streamlined check-in
processes.

4.3 Software Interfaces

Integration with payment gateways (e.g., PayPal, Stripe),notification services and airline
databases,ensuring secure,efficient and real time data exchange to process bookings and
transactions.

4.4 Communications Interfaces

 REG.NO:211423104

The system uses REST APIs for third-party integrations,enabling payment process and
loyalty program synchronization while ensuring secure data transfer.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements:

5.1 Performance Requirements

Support up to 1,000 concurrent users.

5.2 Safety Requirements

Ensure data encryption and secure payment transactions.

5.3 Security Requirements

Two-factor authentication for user accounts.

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

High scalability and maintainability.

6. Other Requirements:

None identified at this stage.

Appendices:

Appendix A: Glossary
API: Application Programming Interface

PCI DSS: Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard

Appendix B: Analysis Models

Data flow diagrams and use case diagrams will be provided.

Appendix C: Issues List

Pending integration with third-party notification systems.

RESULT:
Thus the Software Requirements Specification document for the given problem statement is
created.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:10 CLASS DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM: To draw the CLASS DIAGRAM for the Airline Reservation System.

CLASS DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
Thus the Class Diagram for Airline Reservation System is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM: To draw the SEQUENCE DIAGRAM for Airline Reservation System.

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM:

RESULT:

Thus the State Chart Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:11 IMPLEMENTATION

DATE:

AIM: To develop an Airline Reservation System that allows users to search, book, cancel
flights, and manage reservations.

PROGRAM:
package java;

import java.sql.*;

import java.util.Scanner;
public class AirlineManagementSystem {
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/airlinedb";

private static final String USER = "root";

private static final String PASSWORD = "";

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

while (true) {
System.out.println("1. Add Flight");

System.out.println("2. View Flights");

System.out.println("3. Exit");
System.out.print("Choose an option: ");

int choice = scanner.nextInt();

scanner.nextLine();

switch (choice) {
case 1:

System.out.print("Enter Flight Number: ");

String flightNumber = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter Destination: ");

String destination = scanner.nextLine();
 REG.NO:211423104

System.out.print("Enter Departure: ");

String departure = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter Price: ");

double price = scanner.nextDouble();

scanner.nextLine(); // Consume newline

addFlight(flightNumber, destination, departure, price);

break;

case 2:

viewFlights();

break;

case 3:

System.out.println("Exiting...");

scanner.close();

return;

default:

System.out.println("Invalid option. Please try again.");

private static Connection getConnection() {

try {

// Load the JDBC driver

Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
 REG.NO:211423104

System.out.println("MySQL JDBC Driver not found.");

e.printStackTrace();
return null;

} catch (SQLException e) {

System.out.println("Database connection failed.");

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}
}

private static void addFlight(String flightNumber, String destination, String departure,

double price) {
String query = "INSERT INTO flights (flightNumber, destination, departure, price)
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)";

try (Connection conn = getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) {

if (conn != null) {

stmt.setString(1, flightNumber);

stmt.setString(2, destination);
stmt.setString(3, departure);

stmt.setDouble(4, price);

stmt.executeUpdate();

System.out.println("Flight added successfully.");

} else {

System.out.println("Failed to connect to the database.");

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}
 REG.NO:211423104

private static void viewFlights() {

String query = "SELECT * FROM flights";

try (Connection conn = getConnection();

Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(query)) {

if (conn != null) {

while (rs.next()) {

System.out.println("Flight Number: " + rs.getString("flightNumber") +

", Destination: " + rs.getString("destination") +

", Departure: " + rs.getString("departure") +

", Price: " + rs.getDouble("price"));
}

} else {

System.out.println("Failed to connect to the database.");

} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();

SQL QUERY:
CREATE TABLE Flights (

id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

flightNumber VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

destination VARCHAR(100),

departure VARCHAR(100),

price DECIMAL(10, 2)

);
 REG.NO:211423104

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus the implementation of airline Reservation System is executed successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO:12 TESTING
DATE:

AIM:

TESTING:

RESULT:
Thus the result for airline reservation system is implemented successfully.
 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO: COMPONENT DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM: To draw COMPONENT DIAGRAM for Airline Reservation System.

COMPONENT DIAGRAM:

RESULT:

Thus the Component Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.

 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO: DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM: To draw DEPLOYMENT diagram for Airline Reservation System.

DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM:

RESULT:

Thus the Deployment Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.

 REG.NO:211423104

EX.NO: COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

DATE:

AIM: To draw COLLABORATION diagram for Airline Reservation System.

COLLABORATION DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
Thus the collaboration Diagram for the system is drawn successfully.
REG.NO:211423104
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE

EX NO: PROBLEM
STATEMENT DATE:

AIM:

To prepare problem Statement for Railway Reservation System

STATEMENT:

The Railway Reservation System aims to provide a seamless and efficient platform for booking, managing,
and tracking train tickets. It enables passengers to check train availability, make reservations, view schedules,
and process payments, all while offering real-time updates and easy access to information.
Key Features:
1. User Authentication: Secure registration, login, and profile management for passengers.
2. Train Search & Availability: Allows users to search for trains based on routes, dates, and available classes.
3. Ticket Booking & Payment: Facilitates easy ticket booking and integrated online payment.
4. Reservation Confirmation & Ticket Generation: Automatic generation of reservation tickets with unique
details.
5. Cancellation & Modification: Option to cancel or modify bookings within specified limits.
6. Train Schedule Management (Admin): Admins can add, update, or remove train schedules.
7. Fare Management (Admin): Admins can update train fares based on routes and classes.
8. Notifications: Automated alerts for booking confirmation, cancellations, and schedule changes.
9. Reporting & Analytics (Admin): Provides reports on bookings, seat occupancy, and
revenue. Objectives:
 Efficiency: Streamline the ticket booking process and enhance user experience.
 Real-time Updates: Ensure that seat availability, booking status, and train schedules are updated
dynamically.
 Security: Safeguard user data, especially during payment and personal information handling.
 Scalability: Build a system that can handle a growing number of users, trains, and bookings.
 Accessibility: Provide a user-friendly interface that can be accessed across devices, including mobile.
This system will simplify the railway reservation process for users and administrators while ensuring
reliability,security, and ease of use.

Conclusion: The problem statement was written successfully by following the

steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
SRS
EXNO.
3
DATE:

Aim:
To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

1. Introduction

The Railway Reservation System (SRS) is an automated platform designed to facilitate the booking,
cancellation, and management of railway tickets for passengers, while also providing administrative
control over train schedules, seat availability, and ticketing processes. The system aims to streamline the
entire ticketing process, eliminating the need for manual operations and reducing human error, thereby
enhancing the efficiency, security, and convenience of train travel.
In today's fast-paced world, railway passengers require quick, easy, and efficient ways to plan their
journeys. The traditional methods of booking tickets, which typically involve long queues, can lead to
inconvenience, delays, and error
1.1 Purpose
Define the purpose of the Railway Reservation System, including its primary goal of facilitating online
booking, ticket cancellation, and train schedule management.
1.2 Document conventions
The following conventions are used throughout this document to ensure clarity and consistency:
 Text formatting:
 Bold: Used to highlight key terms, headings, and titles.
 Italic: Used for emphasis or for reference to external documents or terms.
 Monospaced font: Used for code snippets, configuration files, or system commands.
 Acronyms:
 All acronyms used in the document will be defined in the "Definitions" section at the beginning of the
document.
 Use of numbering:
 Major sections and subsections are numbered in a hierarchical format (e.g., 1, 1.1, 1.1.1).
 Diagrams and Figures:
 Diagrams will be labeled with a figure number (e.g., Figure 1, Figure 2) and will be referenced in the
appropriate sections of the document.
1.3 Intended audience
This document is intended for the following audiences:
 System Developers: To understand the requirements and specifications for developing the Railway
Reservation System.
 Project Managers: To oversee the development process and ensure that the system meets the requirements.
 Testers: To define the testing criteria and ensure the system functions as expected.
 End Users: To have a general understanding of the system's capabilities and functionalities.
 Stakeholders: Including business owners, investors, or authorities who need to review the system
specifications.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
 System Administrators: To understand the operational and maintenance requirements for the system.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
1.4 Additional information
 This document outlines the high-level requirements for the Railway Reservation System. Specific
implementation details, such as database schema, API details, or third-party integration specifications,
may be covered in supplementary documents or separate design documents.
 Glossary of terms is available in Appendix A for a detailed understanding of the terminology
used in this document.

 Use Case Diagrams and Wireframes are provided in Appendix B to visually represent the user
interactions with the system.

 The system is expected to evolve, so future versions of this may include changes based on feedback
from users and stakeholders.
1.5 Contact information/SRS team members
 The following individuals are responsible for the creation, review, and maintenance of this SRS document:
NAME Role Contact Information
Darshini Project Manager Darshini45@gmail.com
kiara System Architect Kiara18@gmail.com
Anushka Business Analyst anushka@gmail.com
alia Lead Developer Alia08@gmail.com
keerthy QA Tester Keerthy12@gmail.com
Katrina System Administrator Katrina17@gmail.com
samantha UI/UX Designer Sam07@gmail.com

1.6 References
The following documents, standards, and resources are referenced in the creation of this Software
Requirements Specification:
1. IEEE 830-1998 - IEEE Recommended Practice for Software Requirements
Specifications This is the standard reference for writing software requirements
documents.
2. ISO/IEC 9126 - Software Engineering - Product Quality
Defines the quality attributes for software products, which were considered in the design of the Railway
Reservation System.
3. Payment Gateway API Documentation (for payment integration)

o URL: PaymentGatewayAPI.com
o Used for integrating payment features within the system.
4. Train Schedule Data API

o URL: TrainScheduleAPI.com
o Provides real-time data on train schedules, availability, and routes for integration.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
5. GDPR - General Data Protection Regulation
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
o URL: GDPR Portal
o The system must comply with GDPR regulations to ensure the protection of user data.
6. RESTful API Design Guidelines

o URL: REST API Design

2. OVERALL DESCRIPTION
The Railway Reservation System (SRS) is a comprehensive, automated platform designed to facilitate the
booking, cancellation, and management of railway tickets. It aims to streamline the entire ticketing process by
replacing traditional manual methods with an efficient, user-friendly digital system. This system serves both
passengers and railway administrators, ensuring smooth operations, enhanced customer experience, and secure
management of data
2.1 Product perspective
The Railway Reservation System (RRS) is an independent application designed to streamline the train ticket
booking process. It provides users with the ability to search for trains, check availability, book tickets, make
payments, and cancel reservations, all through an easy-to-use online interface. The system is intended for both
individual passengers and administrative staff who manage train schedules, availability, and reservations.
 Integration with Other Systems: The RRS integrates with external systems for payment gateways, train
schedule management, and notifications (such as email or SMS).
 Web and Mobile Platforms: The system will be available as both a web-based application
(accessible via browsers) and a mobile application (available for iOS and Android).
 User-Centric Design: The system is designed to be highly user-friendly, focusing on ease of use for
passengers and administrative staff.
2.2 Product functions
The Railway Reservation System is designed to perform the following key functions:
1. Train Schedule Management:

o View available train schedules by route, date, and time.

o Allow admin users to add, modify, or remove train schedules.
2. Ticket Booking:

o Allow passengers to search for available trains.

o Enable passengers to choose a train, select seats, and complete ticket booking.
o Generate a PNR (Passenger Name Record) for each booking.
3. Payment Integration:

o Support various payment methods, including credit/debit cards, online wallets, and UPI.
o Handle payment confirmations and transactions securely.
4. Ticket Cancellation:

o Allow passengers to cancel tickets within the allowed time frame and receive refunds if applicable.
5. User Management:

o Allow users to register, log in, and update their personal information.
o Enable passengers to view their booking history and modify user preferences.
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6. Admin Panel:
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o Admin users can view and manage reservations, train schedules, and customer data.
o Admin users can configure and monitor payment systems and train availability.
7. Notifications:

o Send booking confirmations, reminders, and cancellations to passengers via email and SMS.
8. Reporting:

o Admin users can generate reports on reservations, cancellations, and revenue.

2.3 User classes and characteristics

The Railway Reservation System is designed for various user classes with different roles and responsibilities:
1. Passengers (End Users):

o Characteristics:
 May have limited technical knowledge.
 Primarily concerned with booking tickets, viewing schedules, and managing reservations.
 Will access the system via web or mobile platforms.
o Needs:
 Intuitive and seamless user interface for browsing and booking tickets.
 Secure login and payment options.
 Clear, accessible cancellation and refund policies.
2. Administrators:

o Characteristics:
 Have knowledge of the train scheduling system and reservation management.
 Responsible for managing and maintaining the system's back-end, including train
schedules, booking data, and user profiles.
o Needs:
 Administrative interface to manage schedules, bookings, payments, and cancellations.
 Access to reporting tools and performance monitoring.
 High-level system security features to protect sensitive data.
3. System Users:

o Characteristics:
 Responsible for maintaining and supporting the system infrastructure.
 Users in this class include developers, testers, and IT support staff.
o Needs:
 Access to the system’s technical environment for troubleshooting, deploying
updates, and ensuring proper functioning.
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4. Payment Gateway Providers:
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o Characteristics:
 External entities that process payments and handle financial transactions.
o Needs:
 Integration with the system’s payment API for smooth financial processing.

2.4 Operating environment

The Railway Reservation System is designed to operate in the following environments:
1. Web-Based:

o The system should be compatible with modern web browsers such as Google Chrome, Mozilla
Firefox, Safari, and Microsoft Edge.
o The application should be mobile-responsive to support usage on various screen sizes.
2. Mobile Application:

o Available on Android (minimum version 5.0) and iOS (minimum version 12.0).
o Mobile applications will support push notifications, offline access (for certain functionalities),
and use of GPS for location-based services (optional).
3. Backend:

o The backend will be hosted on cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud) to ensure
scalability, security, and availability.
o The system will be implemented using RESTful APIs to facilitate interaction between the front-
end (web and mobile) and back-end services.
2.5 User environment
The Railway Reservation System is designed for users who have access to the following environments:
1. Internet Access:

o Passengers and administrators must have reliable internet access to interact with the
system. This is essential for browsing train schedules, making bookings, and processing
payments.
2. Devices:

o Users will access the system from devices with internet connectivity such as personal
computers, smartphones, or tablets.
o The system will be optimized for mobile phones to cater to users who prefer booking via mobile
apps.
3. Accessibility:

o The system will be designed to accommodate a diverse user base, including those with visual or
physical impairments, by adhering to web accessibility standards (WCAG 2.1).
2.6 Design/implementation constraints
1. Security:
o Sensitive data such as personal information and payment details must be encrypted and
handled with utmost care.
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o Payment information must comply with PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard).
2. Performance:
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o The system should be able to handle a large number of concurrent users during peak times
(e.g., festival seasons, holiday weekends).
o The user interface should load quickly, with response times under 2 seconds for key
functions (train search, booking, payment).
3. Platform Compatibility:

o The system must function seamlessly across various devices and browsers, with responsive
design for mobile and tablet users.
o The backend infrastructure should support scalability and high availability, particularly during
peak usage periods.
4. Legal and Regulatory Compliance:

o The system must comply with relevant data protection laws (e.g., GDPR) to ensure the
privacy and security of user data.
o Compliance with national and regional regulations related to ticketing and transportation laws.
2.7 Assumptionsand dependencies
1. Assumptions:

o Users have basic knowledge of how to use a mobile or web application for browsing and booking
tickets.
o All users have access to the internet, and they will use devices with necessary
specifications (smartphones, PCs, etc.).
o Payment gateways and third-party APIs for train schedules and notifications will be
available and functional.
o Users will provide accurate and up-to-date information when making bookings (e.g., passenger
details).
2. Dependencies:

o Third-Party APIs: The system relies on external APIs for payment processing, train schedule
data, and SMS/email notifications.
o Cloud Infrastructure: The system depends on cloud services (e.g., AWS, Google Cloud) for
hosting the backend and database.
o Payment Providers: The system depends on third-party payment processors for secure
transaction handling.

3. EXTERNAL INTERACE REQUIREMENT

The external interface requirements of a system describe how the system will interact with external
components, such as users, external systems, hardware devices, and third-party services. For the Railway
Reservation System (SRS), the system needs to communicate and integrate with various external interfaces to
provide a complete and efficient ticketing solution.
3.1 USER INTERFACES
This section defines the requirements for the user interfaces (UI) for different types of users interacting with the
Railway Reservation System. The user interfaces should be intuitive, responsive, and accessible across various
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devices (e.g., desktop, mobile).
1. Passenger User Interface:
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o Homepage: Should allow easy navigation to different sections like "Train Schedules", "Book
Ticket", "Manage Booking", and "My Profile".
o Search and Booking Pages: Users should be able to search for available trains by entering
departure and destination stations, travel dates, and passenger details.
o Payment Interface: After selecting a train and seats, the user should be directed to a secure
payment gateway with multiple payment options (credit card, debit card, UPI, etc.).
o Booking Confirmation and PNR Display: After successful payment, the system should display
booking confirmation and generate a PNR (Passenger Name Record).
o Ticket Management: Users should be able to view, cancel, or modify their bookings
through a user- friendly dashboard.
o Responsive Design: The UI must be responsive and adaptable to different screen sizes
(desktop, tablet, mobile).
o Accessibility: The interface should be designed to meet accessibility standards (WCAG 2.1),
including features like screen reader compatibility and keyboard navigation.
2. Admin User Interface:

o Admin Dashboard: Provides an overview of bookings, cancellations, and the ability to

manage train schedules and availability.
o Train Schedule Management: Admins should be able to add, edit, or delete train schedules,
manage seat availability, and define ticket pricing.
o User and Booking Management: Admins should be able to view user profiles, track
reservations, and handle customer queries.
o Reporting: Admins can generate detailed reports on reservations, revenue, and system
performance.
o Security Features: Admin interfaces should have strong authentication (e.g., multi-factor
authentication) to restrict access to sensitive functionalities.
3. System Maintenance UI:

o Error Logs and Monitoring: A system monitoring interface for technical staff to track issues,
view error logs, and ensure the system is functioning properly.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

This section defines the hardware requirements and the interaction between the Railway Reservation System and
external hardware devices.
1. Server Hardware:
o The system will be hosted on cloud servers (e.g., AWS, Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud)
to ensure scalability and availability.
o Servers should support high availability, with redundancy to ensure the system is operational
even during hardware failure.
2. User Devices:
o Desktop/PCs: Users may access the system through modern web browsers (e.g., Chrome, Firefox,
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Safari).
o Mobile Devices: The system will also have mobile applications for Android and iOS devices,
compatible with smartphones and tablets.
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o Printers: Users may need to print tickets, booking receipts, and PNR details. The system
should provide printable formats for tickets.
3. Payment Hardware:
o The system will integrate with third-party payment gateways (e.g., Stripe, PayPal, UPI),
which may require hardware interfaces such as card readers for physical transactions in case of
on-site reservations.
4. Backup Devices:
o Regular data backups should be scheduled, with backup storage devices or cloud services for
disaster recovery.
3.3 Software Interfaces
This section outlines the software dependencies and integrations with other systems and APIs.
1. Payment Gateway Integration:

o The system will interface with third-party payment providers to process payments securely.
APIs for integration with services like PayPal, Stripe, or UPI will be used.
o Secure transaction handling and encryption will be required to ensure PCI-DSS
compliance for processing credit/debit card details.
2. Train Schedule API:

o The system will rely on external train schedule APIs to fetch real-time data regarding train
availability, routes, and timings.
o Examples include APIs provided by national railway services or third-party providers that
aggregate train data.
3. SMS/Email Notification Systems:

o The system will integrate with third-party SMS/email services (e.g., Twilio for SMS, SendGrid
for email) to send booking confirmations, reminders, and cancellations to users.
o This integration will require an API for message generation and delivery.
4. User Authentication Systems:

o External services like OAuth, OpenID Connect, or custom user authentication systems may be
integrated for secure login and user profile management.
o The system must support secure password hashing and encryption for storing user credentials.
5. Cloud Storage Systems:

o For storing and managing ticket data, user profiles, and transaction logs, the system will rely
on cloud storage solutions (e.g., Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage) for scalability and data
redundancy.
6. Third-Party Analytics Tools:

o To monitor user behavior, system performance, and business metrics, the system may integrate
with
o third-party analytics platforms like Google Analytics or custom business intelligence tools.
3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces
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This section defines the communication protocols and interfaces used for interaction between the Railway
Reservation System and external systems.
1. HTTP/HTTPS (RESTful API):
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o The system will expose and consume APIs over HTTP/HTTPS for secure and reliable
communication between the client and server.
o RESTful APIs will be used for the exchange of data between the front-end
(web and mobile applications) and the back-end services (train schedules, user management,
booking data).
o All communications will be encrypted using SSL/TLS to ensure data privacy and integrity.
2. WebSocket:

o For real-time updates (e.g., seat availability, booking status), WebSockets may be used to
provide live communication between the server and client-side applications.
3. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol):

o If integrating with legacy systems or third-party services that require SOAP-based

communication, the system will use XML-based messaging for secure exchange of
structured data.
4. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol):

o The system will use SMTP for email notifications (e.g., booking confirmations, alerts, and
reminders).
o Integration with email services (e.g., Gmail, Outlook) via APIs or dedicated mail servers will be
used.
5. SMS Gateway (e.g., Twilio API):

o To send SMS notifications, the system will use an SMS gateway like Twilio, which
communicates via REST APIs for real-time message delivery.
6. OAuth 2.0 / OpenID Connect:

o For secure user authentication and authorization, the system may use OAuth 2.0 or OpenID
Connect protocols to integrate with third-party identity providers like Google, Facebook,
or corporate authentication systems.
7. Payment Gateway Protocols (e.g., PCI DSS):

o The system must adhere to payment gateway standards such as PCI DSS for secure
transmission of payment data and tokenization of sensitive card information.
o APIs from payment gateways (e.g., Stripe, PayPal) will be used for secure and seamless
transaction processing.
8. JSON and XML Data Formats:

o Data exchanged between the client and server (via REST APIs) will be in JSON format for
simplicity and efficiency.
o SOAP-based integrations (if required) will use XML for message formatting.
9. UDP/TCP (for internal communication):

o Internal communication between different components (e.g., between back-end services,

databases) may rely on TCP/UDP protocols depending on the nature of the interaction (reliable
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communication via TCP, or faster but less reliable communication via UDP).
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4. SYSTEM FEATURES
The Railway Reservation System (SRS) is designed to automate and streamline the entire ticket booking process
for both passengers and railway administrators. Below are the key features that define the system's functionalities
and capabilities:
4.1 System Feature :Ticket Booking and Reservation
4.1.1 Description and priority
Feature Description
 Feature Name: Ticket Booking and Reservation

 Feature ID: B
 Description:
The Ticket Booking and Reservation feature allows passengers to search for available trains, select
seats, and complete the booking process. This feature includes the ability to generate a Passenger Name
Record (PNR), handle seat reservations, and support payment processing. The system should be user-
friendly and provide clear instructions throughout the booking process.
Priority
 Priority: High
This feature is critical to the core functionality of the Railway Reservation System. It directly impacts the
user experience and determines the system's ability to fulfill its primary purpose of booking train tickets.
4.1.2 Action/Result
1. Action:

o A passenger logs into the system or browses as a guest.

o The passenger searches for available trains by providing the source and destination stations,
travel date, and preferred class (e.g., First Class, Second Class).
o The system displays a list of available trains matching the search criteria.
o The passenger selects a train, chooses the seat(s), and proceeds to payment.
2. Result:

o The system displays the selected train’s details, seat availability, and total cost.
o Upon successful payment, a booking confirmation is shown, and the system generates a PNR
(Passenger Name Record).
o The system sends a confirmation email and/or SMS to the passenger with booking details and
PNR.
4.1.3 Functional Requirements
The functional requirements for the Ticket Booking and Reservation feature are as follows:
1. Search for Trains:

o FR1: The system must allow the user to enter the source and destination stations.
o FR2: The system must allow the user to select the travel date and preferred train class.
o FR3: The system must return a list of available trains that match the search criteria
(departure time, availability, class).
o FR4: The system must display train schedule details such as train number, departure and
arrival times, and available seats in each class.
2. Seat Reservation:
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o FR5: The system must allow the user to select available seats for the chosen train.
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o FR6: The system must show seat availability in real-time to prevent overbooking.
o FR7: The system must allow the user to select multiple seats for group bookings, if applicable.
2. Booking Confirmation:

o FR8: Once seats are selected, the system must show a summary of the booking, including the
selected train, seat(s), and total cost.
o FR9: The system must provide an option for the user to proceed to the payment gateway.
3. Payment Processing:

o FR10: The system must integrate with third-party payment gateways (e.g., Stripe, PayPal)
for secure payment processing.
o FR11: The system must handle payment failures gracefully, prompting the user to retry or
select an alternate payment method.
o FR12: The system must store transaction data securely, ensuring compliance with PCI-DSS
standards for handling credit card details.

4. PNR Generation:

o FR13: Upon successful payment, the system must generate a PNR (Passenger Name
Record) for the booking.
o FR14: The system must store the PNR along with the user’s details and booking
information in the database.
5. Notification:

o FR15: The system must send an email confirmation to the passenger with the booking details
and PNR number.
o FR16: The system must send an SMS confirmation to the passenger (if the mobile number is
provided) with booking details and PNR.
6. Cancellation Option:

o FR17: The system should allow the user to cancel the reservation and receive a refund,
following the cancellation policy.
7. Booking History:

o FR18: The system should allow the user to view their booking history in their profile.
o FR19: The system should display past reservations with their status (booked, cancelled, pending).

5. OTHER NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Non-functional requirements define the quality attributes, constraints, and performance expectations for the
Railway Reservation System (SRS). These requirements ensure the system’s reliability, scalability, security, and
usability, among other factors. Below are the key non-functional requirements for the SRS
5.1 Performance Requirements
Performance requirements specify the expected operational speed, responsiveness, and efficiency of the
Railway Reservation System (RRS).
 PR1: The system must be able to handle up to 100,000 concurrent users during peak periods (e.g.,
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holidays, special events) without a degradation in performance.
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 PR2: The system should return search results (for train schedules, seat availability, etc.) within 3
seconds of submitting a query.
 PR3: The system must support real-time seat availability updates, ensuring no double booking occurs.
 PR4: The system must be able to process a payment transaction (from payment initiation to
confirmation) in no more than 2 minutes under normal load conditions.
 PR5: The system must be capable of handling multiple simultaneous booking requests without
compromising system stability.
 PR6: The system must be available 99.9% of the time during operational hours, with maintenance and
downtime scheduled in off-peak hours.
5.2 Safety Requirements
Safety requirements define the measures to ensure safe operation and prevent critical system failures
that could harm users or the system itself.
 SR1: The system should perform data backup every 24 hours to ensure that user data and booking
details are recoverable in the event of system failure.
 SR2: The system must include fail-safes and redundancy for critical components (e.g., database,
payment gateway) to avoid disruptions in service.
 SR3: The system should be able to recover gracefully from unexpected failures (e.g., server crashes),
ensuring that any ongoing transactions or user sessions are not corrupted.
 SR4: The system should be designed to prevent data loss during payment transactions and critical
actions by implementing atomic transactions and rollback mechanisms in case of errors.
 SR5: Emergency protocols must be in place to alert administrators of system outages or critical
failures to allow for a rapid response and resolution.
5.3 Security Requirements
Security requirements ensure that the Railway Reservation System remains secure and protects user data,
transactions, and system integrity.
 Sec1: Data Encryption: The system must use SSL/TLS encryption to protect sensitive data (such as
personal details and payment information) during transmission.
 Sec2: Authentication: The system must use secure multi-factor authentication for admin and user
logins to protect against unauthorized access.
 Sec3: Authorization: Role-based access control must be implemented, ensuring that only authorized
personnel (e.g., admins) can access sensitive or administrative features.
 Sec4: Data Privacy: The system must comply with privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR) to ensure that
user data is handled, stored, and processed in a manner that respects privacy rights.
 Sec5: Payment Security: The system must comply with PCI-DSS standards for payment processing to
ensure the secure handling of payment information.
 Sec6: Audit Logs: The system must maintain audit logs of all user and admin activities,
particularly actions related to sensitive data or financial transactions, for traceability.
 Sec7: Intrusion Detection: The system must include an intrusion detection system (IDS) to monitor for
potential security breaches or unauthorized access.
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5.4 Software Quality Attributes
Software quality attributes define the characteristics that will determine the quality of the Railway Reservation
System.
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 Scalability:
The system should be scalable to handle increasing user traffic, particularly during peak seasons (e.g.,
holidays) or when the system is expanded to support more regions or services.
 Availability:
The system must ensure 99.9% availability during operating hours, meaning it should remain operational
with minimal downtime for maintenance or updates.
 Usability:
The system must have a user-friendly interface for both web and mobile users, ensuring that both tech-
savvy
 and non-technical users can book tickets easily without any training.
 Maintainability:
The system must be designed to allow easy maintenance and updates, including adding new features
(such as new train routes) or fixing bugs without major disruptions to service.
 Performance:
As previously mentioned in the Performance Requirements, the system should handle up to 100,000
concurrent users, and provide fast response times (within 3 seconds for search results).
 Reliability:
The system should ensure consistent performance and uptime, with minimal downtime and quick recovery
after failures.
 Portability:
The system should be compatible with various platforms, including web browsers (Chrome, Firefox,
Safari)
and mobile devices (Android and iOS).

5.5 Project Documentation

Project documentation is a key part of managing the development of the Railway Reservation System.
The documentation should include all records and materials necessary for project development,
maintenance, and future enhancements.
 PD1: Project Plan: A detailed schedule with milestones, deadlines, and resource allocation.
 PD2: System Architecture Design: A document detailing the system’s architecture, including servers,
databases, user interfaces, and APIs.
 PD3: Code Documentation: Comments and explanations within the code to make it understandable
for future developers.
 PD4: Testing Documentation: Records of various tests (unit tests, integration tests, system tests) and
results.
 PD5: User Manuals: Guides for developers, admins, and end-users on how to operate and maintain the
system.
 PD6: Release Notes: Documentation for each version or update of the system, detailing new
features, improvements, and bug fixes.
5. 6 User Documentation
User documentation provides the necessary instructions for end-users and administrators to use the Railway
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Reservation System effectively.
 UD1: End-User Manual: A comprehensive guide for passengers on how to use the Railway
Reservation System search for trains, book tickets, and manage bookings.
o Sections:
 Account creation and login
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 Searching for trains
 Booking and payment process
 Viewing booking history
 Managing personal details and preferences
 UD2: Administrator Manual: A guide for administrators on how to manage the system, including train
schedules, seat availability, user management, and reporting.
o Sections:
 Admin login and authentication
 Managing train schedules
 Handling booking modifications and cancellations
 Monitoring payment transactions
 Managing user accounts and roles
 Generating reports on system usageUD3: FAQ and Troubleshooting Guide: A
collection of frequently asked questions (FAQs) and troubleshooting tips to
6. OTHER REQUIREMENTS
In addition to functional and non-functional requirements, the Railway Reservation System (SRS) must also
address a range of other requirements that may include system constraints, interface requirements, legal
requirements, and business rules. These "other" requirements often provide additional specifications to
ensure the system is robust, compliant, and aligned with organizational or operational goals.

6.1 Legal and Regulatory Requirements

 Compliance with Data Protection Laws (e.g. In addition to functional and non-functional
requirements, the Railway Reservation System (SRS) must also address a range of other
requirements that may include system constraints, interface requirements, legal requirements, and
business rules. These "other" requirements often provide additional specifications to ensure the system
is robust, compliant, and aligned with organizational or operational goalsGDPR, CCPA).
 Payment Processing Regulations (e.g., PCI-DSS).
 Accessibility Standards (e.g., WCAG 2.1).
 Consumer Protection Laws (e.g., refund and cancellation policies).
 Railway Safety Regulations.
6.2 Environmental Requirements
 Cross-platform Compatibility: Web (Windows, Linux, macOS) and mobile (Android, iOS).
 Low-bandwidth Support for remote areas.
 High Traffic Handling during peak times.
 System Recovery: Quick restoration after failures.
6.3 Localization and Internationalization
 Multi-language Support (e.g., English, Hindi, Spanish).
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 Regional Date and Time Formats.
 Multiple Currencies (e.g., USD, INR, EUR).
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 Compliance with Regional Regulations.
6.4 Interface Requirements
 Payment Gateway Integration (e.g., PayPal, Stripe).
 SMS and Email Service Integration.
 Real-time Train Schedule API.
 Secure API Integration with third-party services.
6.5 Data Management and Backup Requirements
 Real-time Data Synchronization.
 Daily Backups of critical data.
 Encrypted Data Storage for user and transaction data.
 Easy Data Recovery mechanism.
6.6 Maintenance and Support Requirements
 Easy Maintenance and Updates.
 Admin Dashboard for monitoring and management.
 24/7 Support for users and administrators.
 Regular Security Patches.
6.7 Training Requirements
 End-User Training: Help guides, FAQs, and tutorials.
 Admin Training: Manuals and video tutorials.
 Support Staff Training: Customer support tools and troubleshooting.
Appendix A: Terminology / Glossary / Definitions List
This appendix defines key terms, acronyms, and concepts used throughout the Railway Reservation System
SRS document to ensure clarity and consistency.
A1. Terminology / Glossary
PNR (Passenger Name Record): A unique record generated for each train booking, containing details such as
the passenger’s name, train, seat, and other travel information.
Booking Confirmation: A document or message sent to the user after a successful booking, containing booking
details, including PNR.
 Seat Availability: The status of available seats on a particular train for a specified date and class.
 Payment Gateway: A third-party service that securely processes online payments made by users
for ticket reservations.
 Train Schedule: A timetable that lists trains along with their departure and arrival times, destinations,
and other relevant details.
 Fare Calculation: The process of determining the cost of a ticket based on the travel class, distance,
and other factors.
 Real-Time Updates: The system’s ability to reflect the most current seat availability and booking
information without delays.
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 User Authentication: The process of verifying the identity of users through login credentials, such as
username and password.
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 Booking Cancellation: The action where a user requests to cancel a previously made reservation,
often with applicable fees or refunds.
 Refund Process: The procedure for returning a portion of the payment to the user after a ticket
cancellation or error.
 Ticket Class: Categories of train seats, such as Sleeper, AC, First Class, etc., which determine the fare
and level ofservice.
 Payment Authorization: The process of verifying and approving a payment transaction before the
booking is finalized.
A2. Acronyms
 RRS: Railway Reservation System

 SRS: Software Requirements Specification

 API: Application Programming Interface
 SMS: Short Message Service
 UPS: Uninterrupted Power Supply
 PCI-DSS: Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
 GDPR: General Data Protection Regulation
 CCPA: California Consumer Privacy
Act Appendix B: To Be Determined
This section will contain any information that is yet to be finalized or determined during the development of the
Railway Reservation System. As the project progresses, certain details may be unclear, and this appendix will
serve as a placeholder for these items.
B1. System Performance Benchmarks: Specific performance benchmarks (e.g., maximum load capacity, response
times, transaction volumes) will be defined after load testing.
B2. Third-Party Integration Details: Specifics regarding external system integrations (e.g., payment gateway,
train schedules) will be finalized once the third-party services are selected.
B3. Legal Compliance and Data Privacy Standards: Further details regarding compliance with specific laws and
data privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR, CCPA) will be documented once legal consultations are complete.
B4. Deployment Environment and Infrastructure: The details of the production environment, hosting providers,
and infrastructure will be determined during the deployment phase.
B5. User Interface Design: The detailed user interface design and mockups will be finalized after user feedback
and design iterations.
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EX NO:4
DATE:
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw a sample ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM for real project or system.
DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the stepsdescribed above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE

EX NO:

5 DATE:

DATA FLOW

DIAGRAM AIM:

To prepare DATA FLOW DIAGRAM for any project.

DIAGRAM:
PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
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 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
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Conclusion: The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX NO:6
DATE:

Use Case Diagram

AIM:
To draw the Use Case Diagrams for given application.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX
NO:7
DATE:

ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw a sample activity diagram for real project or system.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:The activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX NO: 8
DATE:
STATE CHART DIAGRAM

AIM:
To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for any project.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:
The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX
NO:9
DATE:

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw the SEQUENCE DIAGRAM for a given project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps describedabove.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX NO:10
DATE:

CLASS DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw class diagram for any project.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps describedabove.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX NO:
DATE:
COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw collaboration diagram for any project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:
The collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps describedabove.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
EX NO:
DATE:

COMPONENT DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw component diagram for any project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:
The component diagram was made successfully by following the steps describedabove.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE

EX NO:
DATE:

DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw deployment diagram for any project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:
The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps describedabove.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE

EX NO:11
DATE:
DESIGN BY CODING

AIM:
To implement the design by coding.

PROGRAM:

Database Schema (MySQL):

CREATE DATABASE

RailwayReservation; USE

RailwayReservation;

CREATE TABLE trains (

train_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
train_name VARCHAR(100) NOT
NULL, source VARCHAR(100) NOT
NULL,
destination VARCHAR(100) NOT
NULL, departure_time DATETIME
NOT NULL, arrival_time DATETIME
NOT NULL, total_seats INT NOT
NULL, available_seats INT NOT
NULL
);

CREATE TABLE users (

user_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY
KEY, username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
password VARCHAR(255) NOT
NULL, email VARCHAR(100),
phone VARCHAR(15)
);

CREATE TABLE bookings (

booking_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
user_id
INT,
train_id
INT,
booking_time DATETIME NOT NULL,
seats_booked INT NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(user_id),
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
FOREIGN KEY (train_id) REFERENCES trains(train_id)
);
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
Database Connection Class (DatabaseHelper.java)
import java.sql.Connection;
import
java.sql.DriverManager;
import
java.sql.SQLException;

public class DatabaseHelper {

private static final String URL =
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/RailwayReservation"; private static final String
USER = "root"; // Your MySQL username
private static final String PASSWORD = "password"; // Your MySQL password

public static Connection getConnection() throws

SQLException { try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
} catch (Exception
e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new SQLException("Database connection failed");
}
}
}

Train Model (Train.java)

public class Train {

private int trainId;
private String
trainName; private
String source;
private String destination;
private String
departureTime; private
String arrivalTime; private
int totalSeats;
private int availableSeats;

User Model (User.java)

public class User {

private int userId;
private String username;
private String password;
private String email;
private String phone;
}
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
Booking Model (Booking.java)

public class Booking {

private int bookingId;
private int userId;
private int trainId;
private String bookingTime;
private int seatsBooked;
}

Train Reservation Logic (RailwayReservationSystem.java)

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class RailwayReservationSystem {
private static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args)
while (true) {
System.out.println("===== Railway Reservation System =====");
System.out.println("1. Register");
System.out.println("2. Login");
System.out.println("3. View Available Trains");
System.out.println("4. Book Ticket");
System.out.println("5. Cancel Booking");
System.out.println("6. Exit");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
sc.nextLine();
switch (choice) {
case 1:
register();
break;
case 2:
login();
break;
case 3:
viewAvailableTrains();
break;
case 4:
bookTicket();
break;
case 5:
cancelBooking();
break;
case 6:
System.exit(0);
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice! Try again.");
}
}
}
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
public static void register() {
System.out.println("Enter username:");
String username = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter password:");
String password = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter email:");
String email = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter phone number:");
String phone = sc.nextLine();
try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {
String query = "INSERT INTO users (username, password, email, phone) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)";
try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) {
stmt.setString(1, username);
stmt.setString(2, password);
stmt.setString(3, email);
stmt.setString(4, phone);
stmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Registration successful!");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void login() {
System.out.println("Enter username:");
String username = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter password:");
String password = sc.nextLine();
try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {
String query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ? AND password = ?";
try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) {
stmt.setString(1, username);
stmt.setString(2, password);
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
System.out.println("Login successful!");
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid username or password.");
}
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void viewAvailableTrains() {

try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {
String query = "SELECT * FROM trains WHERE available_seats > 0";
try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(query);
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println("Train ID: " + rs.getInt("train_id") + ", Train Name: " + rs.getString("train_name") +
", Source: " + rs.getString("source") + ", Destination: " + rs.getString("destination") +
", Departure: " + rs.getString("departure_time") + ", Available Seats: " + rs.getInt("available_seats"));
}
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void bookTicket() {

System.out.println("Enter Train ID to book:");
int trainId = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter number of seats to book:");
int seats = sc.nextInt();

try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {

String query = "SELECT available_seats FROM trains WHERE train_id = ?";
try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) {
stmt.setInt(1, trainId);
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
int availableSeats = rs.getInt("available_seats");
if (availableSeats >= seats) {
String updateQuery = "UPDATE trains SET available_seats = available_seats - ? WHERE train_id = ?";
try (PreparedStatement updateStmt = conn.prepareStatement(updateQuery)) {
updateStmt.setInt(1, seats);
updateStmt.setInt(2, trainId);
updateStmt.executeUpdate();
String insertQuery = "INSERT INTO bookings (user_id, train_id, booking_time, seats_booked) VALUES (?, ?,
NOW(), ?)";
try (PreparedStatement insertStmt = conn.prepareStatement(insertQuery)) {
insertStmt.setInt(1, 1); // Assume user ID is 1 for simplicity
insertStmt.setInt(2, trainId);
insertStmt.setInt(3, seats);
insertStmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Booking successful!");
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("Not enough available seats!");
}
}
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void cancelBooking() {

 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
System.out.println("Enter Booking ID to cancel:");
int bookingId = sc.nextInt();

try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {

String query = "SELECT train_id, seats_booked FROM bookings WHERE booking_id = ?";
try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) {
stmt.setInt(1, bookingId);
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
int trainId = rs.getInt("train_id");
int seatsBooked = rs.getInt("seats_booked");

String updateQuery = "UPDATE trains SET available_seats = available_seats + ? WHERE train_id = ?";
try (PreparedStatement updateStmt = conn.prepareStatement(updateQuery)) {
updateStmt.setInt(1, seatsBooked);
updateStmt.setInt(2, trainId);
updateStmt.executeUpdate();

String deleteQuery = "DELETE FROM bookings WHERE booking_id = ?";

try (PreparedStatement deleteStmt = conn.prepareStatement(deleteQuery)) {
deleteStmt.setInt(1, bookingId);
deleteStmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Booking canceled successfully!");
}
}
}
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
OUTPUT:
PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
 211423104

EX. NO: 2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

DATE:

Problem Statement: software personnel management System

Aim:
To prepare a problem statement for a software personnel management System.

Description:

Human Resource management system project involves new and/or system upgrades of software of
send to capture information relating to the hiring termination payment and management of
employee. He uses system to plan and analyze all components and performance of metrics driven
human resource functions, including recruitment, attendance, compensation, benefits and education.
Human resources management systems should align for maximum operating efficiency with
financial accounting operations customer relationship management security and business lines as
organization.

Problem Statement: software personnel management System

The current Software Personnel Management System faces issues related to data security and
access control, leading to unauthorized access and potential data breaches. Additionally, the
system lacks scalability, causing performance bottlenecks as the organization grows. There is a need
to address these security and scalability issues to ensure the integrity of employee data and the
system's efficiency as the company expands.

Current Issues in Online Course Registration

1. Data Security and Privacy:

o Unauthorized access and potential data breaches are significant concerns,
especially with sensitive employee information.

2. Scalability Challenges:
o As organizations grow, these systems often face performance bottlenecks
and struggle to handle increased data

3. Course Schedule Conflicts:

o Difficulty in integrating with other tools and platforms, leading to
inefficiencies
 211423104

4. Adapting to Digital Transformation:

o Keeping up with rapid technological advancements and incorporating
digital tools effectively
5. Employee Engagement and Retention:
o Challenges in maintaining employee satisfaction and reducing turnover
6. Compliance with Regulations:
o Ensuring adherence to labor laws and data protection regulations.

Objective of the Software Personnel Management System

The aim of the Software Personnel Management System is to address challenges in personnel
management by delivering a secure, scalable, and efficient solution for handling employee data,
tracking performance, managing payroll, and ensuring compliance with regulations. The system
will optimize administrative processes and promote better employee engagement through
automation and accuracy.

Features and Benefits

1. Automated Employee Data Management:

o Automates employee data storage, retrieval, and updates, reducing manual
errors.
o Maintains a centralized database for quick access and accuracy.
2. Real-Time Attendance and Leave Tracking:
o Tracks attendance and leave in real time, enabling accurate payroll and
performance reviews.
o Provides employees with leave balance and application status updates.
3. Integrated Payroll System:
o Calculates salaries, bonuses, and deductions automatically, ensuring timely and
precise payments.
o Supports integration with payment gateways for efficient disbursement of salaries.
4. Performance Monitoring:
o Offers tools to monitor and evaluate employee performance through KPIs and goals.
o Provides detailed reports for decision-making on promotions, training, or
interventions.
5. Compliance Management:
o Ensures adherence to labor laws, data protection regulations, and company
policies.
o Automatically updates with changes in regulations to maintain compliance.
6. Notification System:
o Sends automated alerts for payroll schedules, performance reviews,
and compliance updates.
o Keeps employees informed about company updates and important
deadlines.
7. Scalable and User-Friendly Design:
o Scalable infrastructure to accommodate growing workforce and
organizational needs.
o A clean, intuitive interface for both employees and administrators.
 211423104

Summary

A Software Personnel Management System seeks to address inefficiencies in managing

personnel by automating tasks such as recruitment, attendance tracking, compensation, benefits,
and education management. By aligning human resource functions with financial operations,
customer relationship management, and security protocols, the system ensures operational
efficiency. This centralized, metrics-driven system enhances data accuracy and simplifies the
management of employee-related activities.

Conclusion:

The problem statement identifies key challenges in the current Software Personnel Management
System, including issues of data security, access control, and scalability. These challenges
compromise the integrity of employee data and hinder system efficiency as the organization
grows. By addressing these issues, the proposed system aims to deliver a secure, scalable, and
efficient solution that optimizes personnel management and ensures robust data protection. This
enhancement will support the organization’s expansion and operational goals.
 211423104

EX. NO: 3 SRS

DATE:

Aim: To To understand and prepare an SRS for a Software Personnel

Management System.

Description:

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this SRS is to define the functional, non-functional, and

interface requirements for the Software Personnel Management System

(SPMS). The system will manage employee-related processes, including

recruitment, attendance, performance tracking, payroll, and benefits,

while ensuring data security, scalability, and operational efficiency.

1.2 Document Conventions

• Bold text is used for section headers.

• Italics are used for special terms or definitions.

• Monospaced text is used for code snippets or technical references.

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:

• Development Team: To design and implement the system.

• Project Managers: To track and monitor project progress.

• Stakeholders: To understand the system’s functionalities.

• Testers: To validate the system against defined requirements.

 211423104

1.4 Additional Information

This document focuses on web-based deployment of the system but is

adaptable to mobile platforms if required.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

• Project Manager: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Lead Developer: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Quality Assurance Lead: [Name, Email, Phone]

1.6 References

• IEEE Standard 830-1998 for SRS Documentation

• [Example UI Design Standards Document]

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

The SPMS is a new development project that aims to automate and

streamline personnel management processes. The system will integrate with

existing company databases for employee authentication and data

management.

2.2 Product Functions

• Recruitment tracking and management.

• Attendance and leave monitoring.

• Performance evaluation and reporting.

• Automated payroll processing.

• Benefits administration and tracking.

• Notifications for deadlines, updates, and approvals.

 211423104

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

• HR Personnel: Manage employee data, recruitment, and payroll.

• Managers: Manage their course schedules, upload materials, and

track enrollments.

• Employees: Manage employee data, recruitment, and payroll.

2.4 Operating Environment

• The system will run on web browsers (e.g., Chrome, Firefox,

Safari).

• Backend servers will operate on Linux/Windows environments.

• Database: MySQL or PostgreSQL.

2.5 User Environment

Users will access the platform via desktops, laptops, or mobile devices

with an active internet connection.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

• The system must adhere to accessibility standards (WCAG).

• Data storage must comply with GDPR for privacy and security.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

• Users will have basic knowledge of operating a web-based platform.

 211423104

• Third-party payment gateways will be available for integration.

3. External Interface Requirements

3.1 User Interfaces

• Intuitive web-based UI with separate dashboards for students,

instructors, and administrators.

• Responsive design for compatibility with mobile devices.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

• Users require devices with a keyboard/mouse or touchscreen for

interaction.

• Server hardware requirements: Minimum 8-core CPU, 16GB

RAM, and 500GB storage.

3.3 Software Interfaces

• Backend: Built using programming languages such as Java, Python, or Node.js to handle business
logic and database interactions.

• Front End Client: Interfaces using Angular, React, or Vue.js for creating intuitive dashboards
accessible by HR personnel, managers, and employees.User authentication services such as OAuth
or LDAP for secure login and access control

• Authentication Interfaces: User authentication services such as OAuth or LDAP for secure login
and access control.

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

• HTTPS for encrypted communication between clients and server.

• SMTP/IMAP/POP for email notifications and alerts

 211423104

4. System Features

4.1 System Feature A: Course Browsing and Registration

4.1.1 Description and Priority

Automate attendance tracking and payroll calculations to ensure

accuracy and efficiency. This is a high-priority feature.

4.1.2 Action/Result

• Action: HR personnel updates attendance and payroll rules.

• Result: System calculates payroll and generates pay slips

automatically.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

• FR1: Support real-time attendance tracking.

• FR2: Automate payroll calculations based on attendance data.

• FR3: Generate pay slips in digital format.

4.2 System Feature B: Notifications and Reminders

4.2.1 Description and Priority

The system will send alerts for upcoming deadlines, approvals, and

updates to ensure efficient task management. This is a medium-

priority feature.

4.2.2 Action/Result

• Action: HR personnel configures notification settings.

• Result: Employees and managers receive automated reminders via email/SMS.

 211423104

4.2.3 Functional Requirements

• FR4: Notify users of leave approvals and payroll status.

• FR5: Send alerts for system updates and regulatory changes.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

• The system should support at least 500 simultaneous users without

performance degradation.

• Average page load time must not exceed 3 seconds.

5.2 Safety Requirements

• Data backups must be conducted daily.

• The system should handle unexpected failures gracefully without

data loss.

5.3 Security Requirements

• User data and payment details must be encrypted using AES-256.

• The system must implement role-based access controls (RBAC).

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

• Usability: Provide an intuitive user interface for all user roles.

• Reliability: Ensure 99.9% system uptime.

• Scalability: Support an increasing number of users and courses

without performance issues.

 211423104

5.5 Project Documentation

• Project plan and progress tracking documents.

• API documentation for developers.

5.6 User Documentation

• User manuals for students, instructors, and administrators.

• FAQs and troubleshooting guides.

6. Other Requirements

• Localization support for multiple languages.

• Support integration with Learning Management Systems (LMS).

Appendix A: Terminology/Glossary/Definitions

• Attendance: Tracking of employee presence in the workplace.

• Payroll: Calculation and processing of employee salaries.

• RBAC: Role-Based Access Controls to manage data access.

Appendix B: To Be Determined (TBD)

• Specific payroll system provider selection.

• Integration platforms for benefits management.

 211423104

EX. NO: 4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw a sample Entity Relationship diagram for a Softwere Personnel Management System

Entity Relationship diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion: The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps
described above
 211423104

EX. NO: 5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare Data Flow Diagram for software personnel management system

Data Flow diagram for an course registration system

Level 0 diagram
 211423104

Level 1 diagram

Conclusion:

The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
211423104
 211423104

EX. NO:6 USE CASE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw the Use Case Diagram for software personnel management system

Use Case Diagram for software personnel management system

Conclusion:
The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
211423104
 211423104

EX. NO: 7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw a sample activity diagram for personnel software management System

Activity Diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion:
The Activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted
 211423104

EX. NO: 8 STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To prepare State transition diagram for personnel software management system

State transition diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion:
The state transition diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted.
 211423104

EX.NO: 9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw the sequence diagram for personnel software management system

Sequence diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion:
The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO:10 CLASS DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:
To draw class diagram for personnel software management system

Class diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion:
The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO: 11 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

DATE:
Aim: To prepare Collaboration diagram for personnel software management System

Collaboration diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion:
The collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO: 12 COMPONENT DIAGRAM

DATE:
Aim: To prepare Component Diagram for software personnel management System

Component diagram for personnel software management system

Conclusion:
The component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO: 13 DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

DATE:
Aim: To prepare Deployment Diagram for software personnel management system

Deployment diagram for software personnel management system

Conclusion:
The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX. NO: 14 IMPLEMENTATION

DATE:

Aim:
To implement the design by coding

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

// Employee Class to store employee details

class Employee {
private int id;
private String name;
private String department;
private double salary;

// Constructor
public Employee(int id, String name, String department, double salary) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.department = department;
this.salary = salary;
}

// Getters and Setters

public int getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public String getDepartment() {

return department;
}

public void setDepartment(String department) {

this.department = department;
}
public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}
 211423104

public void setSalary(double salary) {

this.salary = salary;
}

// Method to display employee details

public void displayEmployeeDetails() {
System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name + ", Department: " + department + ", Salary: " +
salary); }
}

// PersonnelManagementSystem Class to manage the operations

class PersonnelManagementSystem {
private ArrayList employees;

// Constructor
public PersonnelManagementSystem() {
employees = new ArrayList<>();
}

// Add Employee
public void addEmployee(int id, String name, String department, double salary)
{
Employee employee = new Employee(id, name, department, salary);
employees.add(employee);
System.out.println("Employee added successfully.");
}

// Remove Employee by ID
public void removeEmployee(int id) {
for (Employee employee : employees) {
if (employee.getId() == id) {
employees.remove(employee);
System.out.println("Employee removed successfully.");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("Employee not found.");
}

// Update Employee details

public void updateEmployee(int id, String name, String department, double salary) {
for (Employee employee : employees) {
if (employee.getId() == id) {
employee.setName(name);
employee.setDepartment(department);
employee.setSalary(salary);
System.out.println("Employee details updated successfully.");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("Employee not found.");
}
 211423104

// View Employee details

public void viewEmployees() {
if (employees.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("No employees found.");
return;
}
System.out.println("\n--- Employee List ---");
for (Employee employee : employees) {
employee.displayEmployeeDetails();
}
}
}

// Main class to test the system

public class PersonnelManagementSystemTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
PersonnelManagementSystem system = new
PersonnelManagementSystem();

while (true) {

System.out.println("\n--- Personnel Management System ---");

System.out.println("1. Add Employee");
System.out.println("2. Remove Employee");
System.out.println("3. Update Employee");
System.out.println("4. View Employees");
System.out.println("5. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // consume newline

switch (choice) {
case 1: // Add Employee
System.out.print("Enter employee ID: ");
int id = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // consume newline
System.out.print("Enter employee name: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter employee department: ");
String department = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter employee salary: ");
double salary = scanner.nextDouble();
system.addEmployee(id, name, department, salary);
break;

case 2: // Remove Employee

System.out.print("Enter employee ID to remove: ");
int removeId = scanner.nextInt();
system.removeEmployee(removeId);
break;
 211423104

case 3: // Update Employee

System.out.print("Enter employee ID to update: ");
int updateId = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // consume newline
System.out.print("Enter new employee name: ");
String updateName = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter new employee department: ");
String updateDepartment = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter new employee salary: ");
double updateSalary = scanner.nextDouble();
system.updateEmployee(updateId, updateName, updateDepartment, updateSalary);
break;

case 4: // View Employees

System.viewEmployees();
break;

case 5: // Exit
System.out.println("Exiting the system...");
Scanner.close();
return;

default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice, please try again.");
}
}
}
}

--- Personnel Management System ---

1. Add Employee
2. Remove Employee
3. Update Employee
4. View Employees
5. Exit Enter your choice: 1
Enter employee ID: 101
Enter employee name: Alice
Enter employee department: Development
Enter employee salary: 60000 Employee added successfully.

--- Personnel Management System ---

1. Add Employee
2. Remove Employee
3. Update Employee
4. View Employees
5. Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter employee ID: 102
Enter employee name: Bob
Enter employee department: HR
Enter employee salary: 50000
 211423104

Employee added successfully.

--- Personnel Management System ---

1. Add Employee
2. Remove Employee
3. Update Employee
4. View Employees
5. Exit Enter your choice: 4

--- Employee List ---

ID: 101, Name: Alice, Department: Development, Salary: 60000.0
ID: 102, Name: Bob, Department: HR, Salary: 50000.0

--- Personnel Management System ---

1. Add Employee
2. Remove Employee
3. Update Employee
4. View Employees
5. Exit Enter your choice: 2
Enter employee ID to remove: 102
Employee removed successfully.

--- Personnel Management System ---

1. Add Employee
2. Remove Employee
3. Update Employee
4. View Employees
5. Exit Enter your choice: 4

--- Employee List ---

ID: 101, Name: Alice, Department: Development, Salary: 60000.0
 211423104

TESTING :

Step Action Employee List Available Operations Expected Outcome

(Before/After)
- ID: 101, Name: Alice, - Add Employee 1: ID=101, Initial state with no
1 Initial State Department: Development, Alice, Development, 60000 employees, waiting for
Salary: 60000 addition.
- ID: 101, Name: Alice, - Add Employee 2: ID=102, Add Bob to the
2 Add Employee Department: Development, Bob, HR, 50000 employee list.
2 Salary: 60000
- ID: 101, Name: Alice, - Add Employee 3: ID=103, Add Charlie to the
3 Add Employee Department: Development, Charlie, Finance, 70000 employee list.
3 Salary: 60000
Before: ID=101, Alice,
Remove Development, 60000 - Remove Bob (ID=102) Remove Bob from the
4 Employee 102 **ID=102, Bob, HR, 50000 from the list list.
(Bob) ID=103, Charlie, Finance,
70000
Update Before: ID=101, Alice, - Update Alice’s department
5 Employee 101 Development, 60000 to "Management" and salary Update Alice's
(Alice) ID=103, Charlie, Finance, to 75000 department and salary.
70000
Final List:
View All ID=101, Alice, Management, - View Employees (All Final state showing
6 Employees 75000 remaining employees) updated employee
ID=103, Charlie, Finance, details.
70000

RESULT:

Thus the mini project for software personnel management system has been successfully
executed and codes are generated.
EXP NO:2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
DATE:

AIM:

To design and develop an automated Passport Management System that enhances efficiency,
minimizes errors, and streamlines the process of passport issuance, database management, and
security.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

The manual passport issuance and dispatch system faces several challenges that impact
efficiency, security, and accuracy. The key issues include:

 High Workforce Dependency: The traditional system requires a large number of

skilled personnel, leading to increased workload, errors, and inefficiencies in
passport processing.
 Time Consumption: Manual data handling and searching for information cause
significant delays in passport issuance, increasing overall processing time.
 Database Management Challenges: Handling a large volume of applicant data in
hard copy format makes storage, retrieval, and updates cumbersome, leading to
inefficiencies in management.
 Security Concerns: The manual system increases the risk of data tampering,
unauthorized access, and loss of critical information, making security a major concern.

The Passport Automation System aims to address these challenges by automating the process,
reducing human intervention, and ensuring a faster, more secure, and error-free passport
management system.

DESCRIPTION:
The Passport Automation System is designed to streamline the passport issuance process by
reducing manual work, minimizing errors, and improving efficiency. It replaces traditional
paper-based methods with a digital system for online applications, automated verification,
secure data management, and real-time tracking. This ensures faster processing, enhances
security, and provides a more user-friendly experience for applicants while reducing
administrative workload.

RESULT:
Thus for the above project problem statement is successfully created.
EXP NO:3 SRS
DATE:

AIM:
To understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

1. Introduction:

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the Passport Automation System is to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and
security of passport issuance by replacing the traditional manual process with a digital and
automated system.

1.2 Scope
This system will provide online application submission, document verification, automated
processing, real-time tracking, and secure data storage. It aims to minimize human errors, reduce
processing time, and improve overall security and transparency.

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

 PAS: Passport Automation System
 GUI: Graphical User Interface
 OTP: One-Time Password
 DBMS: Database Management System

1.4 References

 Government passport regulations and guidelines

 Database security standards
 User authentication protocols

1.5 Overview
This document describes the functional and non-functional requirements, system features, and software
constraints for the Passport Automation System.

2. General Description:

2.1 Product Perspective

The Passport Automation System will be a web-based application integrated with a secure
database, enabling online passport applications, document verification, and real-time tracking.

2.2 Product Functions

 User Registration and Login

 Online Passport Application Submission
 Document Verification
 Payment Processing
 Application Status Tracking
 Secure Database Management

2.3 User Characteristics

 Applicants: Users applying for a passport.
 Administrators: Officials processing applications and verifying documents.

2.4 Constraints
 Must comply with government security policies.
 Data must be encrypted for secure storage and transmission.
 System must handle high user traffic efficiently.

3. Specific Requirements:

3.1 Functional Requirements

 User Registration & Authentication

o Users must register using valid credentials.
o OTP-based authentication for security.
 Application Submission
 o Users can fill in and submit passport application forms online.
o Users can upload required documents.
 Verification & Processing
o Admins can verify and approve/reject applications.
 Status Tracking
o Users can track their application status in real time.
 Payment Processing
o Integration with secure online payment gateways.

3.2 Non-Functional Requirements

 Security: Data encryption and role-based access.

 Performance: Must handle multiple concurrent users efficiently.
 Usability: Intuitive interface for ease of use.

4. System Requirements:

4.1 Software Requirements

 Operating System: Windows 10/11, macOS, Linux

 Database: MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB
 Backend: Node.js, Python (Django/Flask), or Java (Spring Boot)
 Frontend: React.js, Angular, or Vue.js
 Server: Apache Tomcat, Nginx, or any cloud-based deployment (AWS, Azure,
Google Cloud)
 Development Tools: Visual Studio Code, IntelliJ IDEA, or Eclipse

4.2 Hardware Requirements

 Processor: Intel Core i5 or higher / AMD Ryzen 5 or higher

 RAM: Minimum 8GB (Recommended 16GB for better performance)
 Storage: Minimum 100GB HDD/SSD (Recommended SSD for faster
processing)
 Internet Connection: High-speed broadband for online transactions and cloud
storage
 Display: Minimum 1080p resolution screen
5. Interface Requirements:

5.1 User Interface Requirements

 The system should have an intuitive and user-friendly graphical interface.

 It should support responsive design for accessibility across different devices (PC, mobile,
tablet).
 The interface should provide clear navigation for users to submit
applications, check statuses, and manage documents.

5.2 Hardware Interface

 The system should support biometric devices (fingerprint scanners) for user
authentication.
 Printers should be supported for printing application receipts and documents.
 The database server should be connected to a secure cloud-based or on- premises
infrastructure.

5.3 Software Interface

 The system should integrate with national ID verification APIs for identity validation.
 Secure payment gateway APIs should be integrated for online transactions.
 The backend should support RESTful APIs for communication between frontend
and database.

6. Performance Requirements:

 The system should support at least 1000 concurrent users without performance
degradation.
 Response time for user queries should not exceed 2 seconds under normal load.
 Database queries should be optimized to ensure efficient data retrieval and updates.
 System uptime should be maintained at 99.9% availability.
7. Conclusion:

The Passport Automation System aims to simplify and expedite the passport application
process while ensuring security and transparency. The system will enhance user experience
and reduce manual workload for administrators.

RESULT:
Thus for the above program SRS is created successfully.
EX NO:4
DATE:

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw entity relationship diagram for given application.

DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
Thus the above diagram is created sucessfully.
EX NO:5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:
To prepare Dataflow diagram using argo uml.

DIAGRAM:
RESULT:
Thus the Dataflow diagram is successfully created.
EXP NO :6 USE CASE DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To draw the use case diagram using argouml.

DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
Thus the use case diagram is successfully created.
EXP NO:7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To create a activity diagram using argouml.
DIAGRAM:

RESULT: Thus the activity diagram is successfully created.

EX NO:8 STATE CHART DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To draw statechart diagram using argouml.

DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
The entity relationship diagram was made successfully.
EX NO:9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:
To draw Sequence Diagram using argouml
DIAGRAM

RESULT:
The Sequence Diagram was made successfully.
EX NO:10 CLASS DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:
To draw Class Diagram using argouml
DIAGRAM:

RESULT:

The Class Diagram was made successfully.

EXP NO:11 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:
To draw collaboration diagram using argouml.

DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
The collaboration diagram was made successfully.
EXP NO: 12 COMPONENT DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:
To draw component diagram for given application.

DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
The component diagram was made successfully.
EXP NO:13 DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:
To draw deployment diagram using argouml.

DIAGRAM:

RESULT:
The deployment diagram was made successfully.
EXPNO : 14 DESIGN BY CODING
DATE:

AIM:
To implement the design by coding.

PROGRAM:
-- Database Schema for Passport Automation System

CREATE DATABASE PassportAutomation; USE PassportAutomation;

-- Users Table CREATE TABLE users ( user_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, email
VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, phone VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL );

-- Passport Applications Table CREATE TABLE applications ( application_id INT

AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, user_id INT, full_name VARCHAR(100) NOT
NULL, dob DATE NOT NULL, passport_type ENUM('Normal', 'Tatkal') NOT NULL,
status ENUM('Pending', 'Approved', 'Rejected') DEFAULT 'Pending', submission_date
DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, FOREIGN KEY (user_id)
REFERENCES users(user_id) ON DELETE CASCADE );

-- Documents Table CREATE TABLE documents ( document_id INT

AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, application_id INT, document_type
VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, document_path VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, FOREIGN
KEY (application_id) REFERENCES applications(application_id) ON DELETE
CASCADE );

-- Java Code for Passport Automation System

// Database Connection Class import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import

java.sql.SQLException;
public class DatabaseHelper { private static final String URL =
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/PassportAutomation"; private static final String USER =
"root"; private static final String PASSWORD = "password";

public static Connection getConnection() throws

SQLException { try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new SQLException("Database connection failed");
}
}

// User Model public class User { private int userId; private String username; private
String password; private String email; private String phone;

// Getters and Setters

// Passport Application Model public class Application { private int applicationId; private
int userId; private String fullName; private String dob; private String passportType;
private String status; private String submissionDate;

// Getters and Setters

}
// Document Model public class Document { private int documentId; private int
applicationId; private String documentType; private String documentPath;

// Getters and Setters

// Main System Logic import java.sql.*; import java.util.Scanner;

public class PassportAutomationSystem { private static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

public static void main(String[]

args) { while (true) {
System.out.println("===== Passport Automation System =====");
System.out.println("1. Register");
System.out.println("2. Login");
System.out.println("3. Apply for Passport");
System.out.println("4. Check Application
Status"); System.out.println("5. Exit");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
sc.nextLine();
switch (choice) {
case 1:
register();
break;
case 2:
login(
);
break
;
 case 3:
applyForPassport();
break;
case 4:
checkApplicationStatus();
break;
case 5:
System.exit(0)
; break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice! Try again.");
}
}
}

public static void register() {

System.out.println("Enter
username:"); String username =
sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter
password:"); String password =
sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter
email:"); String email =
sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter phone
number:"); String phone =
sc.nextLine();
try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {
String query = "INSERT INTO users (username, password, email, phone)
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)"; try (PreparedStatement stmt =
conn.prepareStatement(query)) {
stmt.setString(1, username);
stmt.setString(2, password);
 stmt.setString(3,
email);
stmt.setString(4,
phone);
stmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Registration successful!");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void applyForPassport() {

System.out.println("Enter your full
name:"); String fullName =
sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter date of birth (YYYY-MM-
DD):"); String dob = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Choose passport type
(Normal/Tatkal):"); String passportType =
sc.nextLine();
try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {
String query = "INSERT INTO applications (user_id, full_name, dob, passport_type)
VALUES (?, ?, ?,
?)";
try (PreparedStatement stmt =
conn.prepareStatement(query)) { stmt.setInt(1, 1); //
Assume user ID 1 for now stmt.setString(2, fullName);
stmt.setString(3, dob);
stmt.setString(4,
passportType);
 stmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Application submitted successfully!");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void

checkApplicationStatus() {
System.out.println("Enter application
ID:"); int applicationId = sc.nextInt();
try (Connection conn = DatabaseHelper.getConnection()) {
String query = "SELECT status FROM applications WHERE
application_id = ?"; try (PreparedStatement stmt =
conn.prepareStatement(query)) {
stmt.setInt(1, applicationId);
ResultSet rs =
stmt.executeQuery(); if
(rs.next()) {
System.out.println("Application Status: " + rs.getString("status"));
} else {
System.out.println("Application not found!");
}
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

RESULT:
Thus the design of code is done successfully.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

EX NO:
DATE:
PROBLEM STATEMENT
AIM:

To prepare a problem statement for the E-Book Management System.

STATEMENT:

The E-Book Management System is designed to provide users with a seamless platform for
browsing, purchasing, borrowing, and reading e-books. It enables users to search for books, access
personalized recommendations, save reading progress, and make secure transactions, all while
ensuring content protection and accessibility. Authors can also upload and manage their e-books,
making the system a comprehensive digital library solution.

Key Features:
1. User Authentication: Secure registration, login, and profile management for readers and authors.
2. E-Book Search & Discovery: Allows users to search for books based on title, author, genre, or
keywords.
3. Book Purchase & Borrowing: Facilitates both buying and borrowing of e-books with integrated
secure transactions.
4. Reading & Bookmarking: Provides an interactive reading interface with bookmarking,
annotations, and progress saving.
5. Review & Rating System: Users can review, rate, and share feedback on books.
6. Author Upload & Management: Enables authors to upload, manage, and sell their e-books on the
platform.
7. Content Protection: Implements DRM (Digital Rights Management) to prevent unauthorized
distribution.
8. Personalized Recommendations: Uses AI-based suggestions to recommend books based on user
preferences.
9. Admin Panel: Administrators can manage book listings, transactions, and user activities.
10. Notifications & Updates: Automated alerts for new releases, discounts, and user interactions.

Objectives:
Efficiency: Streamline e-book access and management for both readers and authors.
Real-time Updates: Ensure that book availability, purchases, and reading progress are updated
dynamically.
Security: Protect user data and transactions while preventing unauthorized content distribution.
Scalability: Support a growing number of users, books, and transactions without performance
issues.
Accessibility: Provide a user-friendly platform that works seamlessly across web and mobile
devices.
This system simplifies digital reading and book management for users while ensuring security, ease
of access, and a personalized experience.
CONCLUSION:
The problem statement was written successfully by following the essential steps for defining
system requirements and objectives.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

EX NO:
DATE:

SRS

AIM:
To understand and prepare an SRS for e-book management project.

DESCRIPTION:

INTRODUCTION:
The purpose of this document is to outline the software requirements for the E-Book Management
System. This system will allow users to manage, read, and store e-books in a digital format,
providing a user-friendly interface for easy access and management.

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT:

The E-Book Management System is intended to:
Allow users to upload, organize, and search e-books.
Provide a reading platform for users to read e-books.
Enable management of user profiles and preferences.
Support various e-book formats like PDF, ePub, and Mobi.
Ensure efficient management of a library of e-books for both individual users and
administrators.

REQUIREMENTS:

Functional Requirements
 User Registration and Login
Users must be able to register using their email or through third-party authentication (e.g.,
Google, Facebook).
Login should be secure, using email/password or other OAuth methods.
Passwords should be encrypted for security.
Forgot password functionality should be available.
 E-Book Management
Users should be able to upload e-books in various formats (PDF, ePub, Mobi).
Users can categorize books into custom collections (e.g., Genres, Authors).
Users can view metadata like title, author, genre, file format, and size.
Admins should be able to delete or update e-books in the system.
 Search and Filter Functionality
Users should be able to search for e-books by title, author, or genre.
Filters should be available for file format, publication year, and language. Reading Interface
The system should allow users to open and read e-books.
The reading interface should support text resizing, bookmarks, and a night mode.
Users should be able to highlight text and make notes.
 User Profile
Users should have a profile that stores preferences, reading history, and uploaded books.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

Users can update their profile information.

 Admin Features
Admin should be able to view, manage, and delete user accounts.
Admin can perform bulk uploads of e-books.
Admin should have analytics for user activity (e.g., popular books, active users).
 Security
All user data, including personal information and e-book data, should be securely stored.
Encryption must be used for sensitive information, including passwords.
Admin login should have additional security measures (two-factor authentication).

Non- Functional Requirements

 Performance Requirements
The system should handle up to 100,000 active users concurrently.
E-books should load within 2 seconds for reading.
 Availability
The system should be available 99.9% of the time, excluding planned maintenance.
 Usability
The interface should be intuitive and easy to navigate.
Users should be able to learn how to use the system within 10 minutes.
 Scalability
The system must be able to scale to accommodate an increasing number of e-books and users
without compromising performance.
 Compatibility
The system should be compatible with modern browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari).
The e-book reading platform should be responsive and support both mobile and desktop
devices. Security
User authentication should follow industry standards (e.g., JWT tokens for session
management). Data encryption must be used for transmitting and storing e-books. Regular
security audits must be performed.

External Interface Requirements

 User Interface
The user interface should be simple and clean, with:
A dashboard for managing e-books.
A search bar to quickly find e-books.
A reading view for opening e-books.
 Admin Interface
The admin interface should have:
An e-book management section for uploading, deleting, and updating books.
A user management section to add, update, or delete user accounts.
 API Interfaces
An API should be provided for integration with other systems or mobile apps.
The API should support operations like user registration, e-book upload, and e-book search.

SYSTEM FEATURES:
Frontend: HTML, CSS, JavaScript (React, Vue.js, etc.)
Backend: Node.js, Python (Django/Flask), or Java (Spring Boot)
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

Database: MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB

Cloud Storage: AWS S3 or Google Cloud Storage for e-book file storage.
OVERALL DESCRIPTIONS:
 Product Perspective: This project is a self-contained project for convenient recruitment process.
 Product functions:
The front end of the project is where the visitors or job seeker’s do their enrollment.
The back end is managed by the administrator effectively.
 Tools to be used:
Rational Rose Enterprise Edition, AgroUML.

SYSTEM FEATURES
 System description and priority: This feature allows the job seeker to apply for job.
 Stimulus and response sequence: When the user types the book, a list of possible e-books has to
be displayed along with other details.

ASSUMPTIONS AND DEPENDENCIES:

The system assumes users have an active internet connection.
Users must have compatible devices to read e-books (smartphones, tablets, or PCs).
Integration with third-party services (e.g., OAuth for authentication) may require additional
configuration.

CONCLUSION:
The SRS was made successfully by following the steps.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

EX NO:
DATE:
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw an entity relationship diagram for e-book management project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:
The ER Diagram was made successfully by following the steps above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

EX NO:
DATE:

DATAFLOW DIAGRAM

AIM:
To prepare dataflow diagram for e book management system.

DIAGRAM:

LEVEL 0
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

LEVEL 1

CONCLUSION:
The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

EX NO:
DATE:

STATE CHART DIAGRAM

AIM:
To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:
The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

EX NO:
DATE:
DESIGN BY CODING

AIM:
To implement the design by coding.

PROGRAM:

package eBook;
import java.util.;
import java.io.;

class Admin extends Book { public

void operation()
{ int a; do
{
System.out.println("Select an option");
System.out.println("1. Admin login\t2. Member login\t3. Exit"); Scanner s = new
Scanner(System.in);
int m = s.nextInt(); switch
(m) {
case 1: Book p = new Book(); p.managebook(); break; case 2:
Member c = new Member();
c.order(); break;
case 3: System.exit(0); }
System.out.println("Enter 1 to continue to select login"); a =
s.nextInt();
}
while (a == 1);
}}

class Book extends Member {

int t, f, i = 0, count = 0, count1 = 0; public
static int[] bid = new int[100];
public static String[] bname = new String[100]; public
static int[] qty = new int[100];
public static int[] ord = new int[100];

public void managebook() {

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in); do {
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

System.out.println("1. Add\n2. Display\n3. Delete\n4. Update"); System.out.println("Enter the

option");
int n = s.nextInt();
switch (n) {
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter the number of books to be added"); int no =
s.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter the ID, name, quantity of the book"); no = no - 1;
int f = i + no;
for (; i <= f; i++) {
bid[i] = s.nextInt();
bname[i] = s.next();
qty[i] = s.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Books added successfully"); break;
case 2:
System.out.println("Enter the number of books to be printed"); int scan =
s.nextInt(); System.out.println("B_ID\tB_Name\tQty");
for (int i = 0; i < scan; i++) {
System.out.println(bid[i] + "\t" + bname[i] + "\t" + qty[i]);
}
System.out.println("The books' information is displayed"); break;
case 3:
System.out.println("Enter the ID of the book to be deleted"); int did =
s.nextInt();
for (i = 0; i <= bid.length - 1; i++) { if
(bid[i] == did) {
bid[i] = bid[i + 1]; bname[i] =
bname[i + 1]; qty[i] = qty[i +
1];
break;
}
}
System.out.println("Book is successfully deleted"); break;
case 4:
System.out.println("Enter the ID, name, quantity of the book to be
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

updated");
int nid = s.nextInt(); String
nname = s.next(); int nqty =
s.nextInt();
for (i = 0; i <= bid.length; i++) { if
(bid[i] == nid) {
bname[i] = nname;
qty[i] = nqty; break;
}
}
System.out.println("Book is updated successfully"); break;
case 5:
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Enter 1 to continue to manage books"); t =
s.nextInt();
} while (t == 1);
}

public static void main(String args[]) { Admin

sp = new Admin(); sp.operation();
}

class Member { public void order()

{
EScanner s = new Scanner(System.in); Book
p = new Book();
System.out.println("Enter the book ID to be ordered"); int
search = s.nextInt();
p.delete(search);
System.out.println("Book ordered successfully");
System.out.println("Enter 1 to make payment"); int b =
s.nextInt();
if (b == 1) { makepayment(); } }

public void makepayment() { System.out.println("Payment

successful");
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

INPUT & OUTPUT:

03.31 10:01 PM
Input 1
Select an option
1. Admin login 2. Member login 3. Exit
1
1. Add
2. Display
3. Delete
4. Update
Enter the option
1
Enter the number of books to be added
3
Enter the ID, Name, Quantity of the book
1
HarryPotter
3
2
DaVinciCode
4
3
TheAlchemist
5

Output 1
Books added successfully
Enter 1 to continue to manage books

Input 2
1. Add
2. Display
3. Delete
4. Update
Enter the option
2
Enter the number of books to be printed
3

Output 2
B_ID B_Name Qty
1 HarryPotter 3
2 DaVinciCode 4
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

3 TheAlchemist 5
The books' information is displayed

Input 3
1. Add
2. Display
3. Delete
4. Update
Enter the option
3
Enter the ID of the book to be deleted
1

Output 3
Book is successfully deleted
Enter 1 to continue to manage books

Input 4
1. Add
2. Display
3. Delete
4. Update
Enter the option
4
Enter the ID, Name, Quantity of the book to be updated
2
HarryPotter
2

Output 4
Book is updated successfully
Enter 1 to continue to manage books

Input 5
Select an option
1. Admin login 2. Member login 3. Exit
2
Enter the book ID to be ordered
1

Output 5
Book ordered successfully
Enter 1 to make payment
1

Input 6
Enter 1 to make payment
 PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CSE
REG NO:211423104

Output 6
Payment successful
Enter 1 to continue to select login

CONCLUSION:
The code was implemented successfully.
Ex NO. 2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
DATE:

AIM:

To create an automated system to perform the Recruitment System Process.

DESCRIPTION:

In The objective is to develop an automated recruitment system that streamlines the entire hiring process, from
job posting to candidate onboarding. The system should utilize AI and machine learning to efficiently screen
resumes, match
candidates with job requirements, and automate interview scheduling, reducing the manual effort typically
involved in recruitment.
This solution will improve efficiency by automating repetitive tasks like candidate communication,
feedback collection, and reporting, enabling recruiters to focus on higher-value decision-making. It will also
enhance the
candidate experience by providing a seamless, transparent process with real- time updates.
Ultimately, the system will reduce time-to-hire, minimize biases, ensure
compliance with hiring regulations, and create a scalable, cost-effective solution for businesses to attract and
hire top talent quickly.

CONCLUSION:

An automated recruitment system streamlines the hiring process, reduces manual effort, and
improves efficiency. By using AI and automation, it ensures faster, more accurate candidate selection and
enhances the overall experience for both recruiters and candidates. This leads to cost savings, better
decision- making, and more effective talent acquisition.
EX NO. 3 SRS
DATE:

AIM:

To understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

DESCRIPTION:

1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The project aims to create an automated recruitment system that streamlines hiring tasks like job posting,
resume screening, and interview scheduling,
improving efficiency and user experience for both employers and candidates.

1.2 Document Conventions

This document follows the IEEE standard format for SRS documentation.

1.3 Intended Audience

The intended audience includes recruiters, hiring managers, job candidates, and IT teams responsible for
system integration and maintenance.

1.4 Additional Information

This system will enhance recruitment efficiency, improve candidate experience, and ensure compliance
with hiring regulations. It is designed to be scalable and adaptable for businesses of all sizes.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

For inquiries related to this document, please contact the project team at support@ccps.com.

1.6 References
 PCI-DSS Compliance Guidelines
 ISO 8583 Standard for Financial Transaction Messaging

 Federal Financial Regulations

2. Overall Description
2.1 Product Perspective
The PAS acts as an interface between the 'applicant' and the 'administrator'. This system tries to make the
interface as simple as possible and at the same time not risking the security of data stored in. This minimizes
the time duration in
which the user receives the recruitment.

2.2 Product Functions

 Job Posting Automation: Automatically posts job openings across multiple platforms.
 Resume Screening: AI-driven analysis and ranking of candidates based on qualifications.
 Candidate Communication: Automates emails, interview invites, and status updates.
 Interview Scheduling: Automatically schedules interviews and syncs with recruiters' calendars.
 Skills Assessment: Conducts online tests to evaluate candidate skills.

 Offer Letter Generation: Automatically generates and sends offer letters to candidates.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

 Recruiters: Manage the recruitment process, track candidates, and make hiring decisions.
 Hiring Managers: Collaborate with recruiters, review candidates, and participate in
interviews.
 Job Candidates: Apply for jobs, submit documents, and track application status.

2.4 Operating Environment

 Operating System: Windows, Linux, macOS

 Web Browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge

2.5 User Environment
The user environment refers to the hardware, software, and network setup that users interact with to access and
use the system.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

 Data Security: Comply with data protection regulations and secure candidate data.
 Integration: Seamlessly integrate with job boards, HR software, and calendars.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

 Requires stable internet connectivity for real-time processing.

 Depends on APIs for integration with job boards and HR tools.

3. External Interface Requirements

3.1 User Interfaces
 User-Friendly: Intuitive and easy-to-navigate for both recruiters and candidates.
 Responsive: Accessible on various devices and browsers.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

 Server Hardware: Cloud or on-premise servers for data hosting.

 Peripheral Devices: Supports printers and scanners for document handling.

3.3 Software Interfaces

 Connects with HR systems for candidate and employee management.

 Integrates with job boards for posting and managing applications.

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

 Secure communication for data transmission.

 RESTful APIs for Integration with external systems.

4. System Features
4.1 System Feature A: Automated Resume Screening
4.1.1 Description and Priority
Automates the screening of resumes to identify the most qualified candidates. High priority.

4.1.2 Action/Result
Resumes are analyzed and ranked based on job requirements.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

 The system shall parse resumes and extract key information.

 The system shall rank candidates based on predefined criteria.

4.2 System Feature B: Interview Scheduling Automation

4.2.1 Description and Priority
Automates the interview scheduling process to save time and reduce errors. High priority.

4.2.2 Action/Result
Interview slots are automatically scheduled and synced with recruiters' calendars.

4.2.3 Functional Requirements

 The system shall sync with calendar applications to schedule interviews.

 The system shall send automated interview invitations to candidates.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements
 Process candidate actions within 2-3 seconds.

5.2 Safety Requirements

 Prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data.
5.3 Security Requirements
 Comply with GDPR and encrypted data standards.

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

 Availability: 99.99% uptime.

 Usability: Intuitive interface.

5.5 Project Documentation

 Integration guidelines for third-party job boards and HR tools.

 User manuals for recruiters and candidates to guide system usage.

5.6 User Documentation

 Onboarding guide for recruiters and HR professionals.

 FAQ section for candidate troubleshooting.

6. Other Requirements
 Regular updates to improve security and performance.

Appendix A:

Terminology/Glossary/Definitions List

 CV: Curriculum Vitae (Resume).

 AI: Artificial Intelligence.

Appendix B:

To Be Determined

 Future enhancements such as AI-driven candidate matching.

CONCLUSION:

The SRS was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:

To draw a sample ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM for real project or

system.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 5 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To prepare DATAFLOW DIAGRAM for given project.

DIAGRAM:

LEVEL 0

LEVEL 1

CONCLUSION:

The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 6 USE CASE DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw the Use Case Diagrams for given applications.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To draw a sample activity diagram for given project or system.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 8 STATE CHART DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
DATE:

AIM:

To draw the Sequence Diagram for a given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 10 CLASS DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw class diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The Class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 11 COLLABORATION DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:

To draw collaboration diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The Collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 12 COMPONENT DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To draw component diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The Component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO. 13 DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM
DATE:
AIM:
To draw deployment diagram for given project.

DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION:

The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
EX NO: DESIGN BY CODING
DATE:

AIM:

To implement the design by coding.

PROGRAM:

IMPLEMENTATION & TESTING

Applicant.java

package Recruitment; import

java.util.Scanner;

public class Applicant {

// Declaring arrays to store applicant details String[] app_name =

new String[10];
String[] app_gender = new String[10]; String[]
app_phone = new String[10]; String[] app_mail = new
String[10]; String[] app_addr = new String[10];

// Method for applicant details input void apply() {

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); for (int i = 0; i
< 5; i++) {
System.out.println("Enter the Applicant " + (i + 1) + " Name:");
 app_name[i] = sc.next();

System.out.println("Enter the Applicant " + (i + 1) + " Gender:"); app_gender[i] = sc.next();

System.out.println("Enter the Applicant " + (i + 1) + " Mobile Number:"); app_phone[i] = sc.next();

System.out.println("Enter the Applicant " + (i + 1) + " Mail ID:"); app_mail[i] = sc.next();

System.out.println("Enter the Applicant " + (i + 1) + " Address:"); app_addr[i] = sc.next();

}

// Method to display applicant details void

applicantDetails() {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

System.out.println("=======================================");

System.out.println("Applicant ID: " + (i + 1)); System.out.println("Applicant Name: " +

app_name[i]);
System.out.println("Applicant Gender: " + app_gender[i]); System.out.println("Applicant Mobile
Number: " + app_phone[i]); System.out.println("Applicant Mail ID: " + app_mail[i]);
 System.out.println("Applicant Address: " + app_addr[i]);

System.out.println("=======================================");

System.out.println("");

Organization.java:

public class Organization {

String Name = "NewTechPvt.Ltd."; String Mail =

"admin@NewTech.com"; String Mobile =
"7010747741";

String Address = "No.2, Rajaji Street, Guindy, Chennai-28";

void orgDetails() {

System.out.println("================================");

System.out.println("Organization Name: " + Name); System.out.println("Organization Mail ID: " + Mail);

System.out.println("Organization Mobile Number: " + Mobile);
System.out.println("Organization Address: " + Address);
System.out.println("================================");

System.out.println("");

HRDepartment.java
public class HRDepartment {

String[] Emp_name = {"Vignesh", "Deepak", "Irfan"}; int[] Emp_id =

{101, 150, 195};
String[] Emp_gender = {"Male", "Male", "Male"};

String[] Emp_mobile = {"9003746342", "962987542", "9566740288"};

String[] Emp_mail = {"vignesh@NewTech.com", "deepak@NewTech.com",

"irfan@NewTech.com"};

void empDetails() {

for (int a = 0; a < 3; a++) {

System.out.println("******** HR " + (a + 1) + " ********"); System.out.println("HR " + (a + 1) + "

Name: " + Emp_name[a]); System.out.println("HR " + (a + 1) + " ID: " + Emp_id[a]);
System.out.println("HR " + (a + 1) + " Gender: " + Emp_gender[a]);
System.out.println("HR " + (a + 1) + " Mobile Number: " + Emp_mobile[a]);
System.out.println("HR " + (a + 1) + " Mail ID: " + Emp_mail[a]);
System.out.println("****************************");

Recruitment.java

public class Recruitment {

public static void main(String args[]) { int[] tmarks

= new int[10];

int[] failed = new int[10];

int[] selected = new int[10]; int[]
evaluate = new int[10]; int[] recruited
= new int[10]; int[] rejected = new
int[10];

Random ra = new Random();

Applicant ap = new Applicant(); Organization org = new

Organization(); HRDepartment hr = new HRDepartment();

System.out.println("Applicant Details:"); ap.apply();

ap.applicantDetails();

System.out.println("Organization Details:"); org.orgDetails();

System.out.println("HR Department Details:"); hr.empDetails();

int j = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

tmarks[i] = ra.nextInt(100); if
(tmarks[i] >= 50) {
 selected[j] = i + 1;

System.out.println("Applicant ID selected for Interview: " + (j + 1)); j++;

}

for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {

evaluate[i] = ra.nextInt(2); if
(evaluate[i] == 1) {

recruited[i] = selected[i];

System.out.println("Recruited Applicant ID: " + recruited[i]);

} else {

rejected[i] = selected[i];

System.out.println("Rejected Applicant ID: " + rejected[i]);

for (int i = j; i < 5; i++) { failed[i]

= i + 1;

System.out.println("Failed Applicant ID: " + (i + 1));

}
Output:

=========================================================

Applicant ID: 1 Applicant

Name: Nakul Applicant
Gender: Male

Applicant Mobile Number: 7010746740

Applicant Mail ID: nakul@gmail.com Applicant

Address: Chengalpet
=========================================================
=========================================================

Applicant ID: 2 Applicant

Name: Mohan Applicant
Gender: Male

Applicant Mobile Number: 9003745341

Applicant Mail ID: mohan@gmail.com Applicant Address:

Kanchipuram
=========================================================
=========================================================

Applicant ID: 3 Applicant

Name: Piyush Applicant
Gender: Male

Applicant Mobile Number: 9629865417

Applicant Mail ID: piyush@gmail.com Applicant Address:

Pallavaram
=========================================================
=========================================================

Applicant ID: 4
Applicant Name: Kedar

Applicant Gender: Male

Applicant Mobile Number: 9566730287 Applicant Mail ID:

kedar@gmail.com Applicant Address: Valasaravakkam

=========================================================
=========================================================

Applicant ID: 5 Applicant

Name: Kaviraj Applicant
Gender: Male

Applicant Mobile Number: 9865661294

Applicant Mail ID: kaviraj@gmail.com Applicant Address:

Kovai
=========================================================

Organization Details:

Organization Name: NewTechPvt.Ltd. Organization Mail ID:

admin@NewTech.com Organization Mobile Number:
7010747741

Organization Address: No.2,Rajaji Street,Guindy,Chennai-28

HR Department Details
********************************************************* HR 1 Name: Vignesh
HR 1 ID: 101

HR 1 Gender: Male
HR 1 Mobile Number: 9003746342

HR 1 Mail ID: vignesh@NewTech.com

*********************************************************
********************************************************* HR 2 Name: Deepak

HR 2 ID: 150

HR 2 Gender: Male

HR 2 Mobile Number: 962987542

HR 2 Mail ID: deepak@NewTech.com

*********************************************************
********************************************************* HR 3 Name: Irfan
HR 3 ID: 195

HR 3 Gender: Male

HR 3 Mobile Number: 9566740288 HR 3 Mail

ID: irfan@NewTech.com
********************************************************* Applicant ID selected for
Interview: 1
Recruited Applicant ID: 1 Failed
Applicant ID: 2
Applicant ID selected for Interview: 3 Rejected
Applicant ID: 3
Failed Applicant ID: 4 Failed
Applicant ID: 5
TEST REPORT 1

Product : Recruitment System Use Case

: Apply for Job
Test Case Test Case / Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail
ID Action To Result
Perform

7. After Entering Displays “Enter Enter the Applicant Mail ID Pass.

Applicant Mobile the Applicant
Number Mail ID”

8. After Entering Displays Organization Details: Pass.

Applicant Details “Organization Organization Name:
Details” NewTechPvt.Ltd.
Organization Mail ID:
admin@NewTech.com
Organization Mobile Number:
7010747741
Organization Address:
No.2,Rajaji Street,
Guindy,Chennai-28

TEST REPORT 2

Product : Recruitment System Use Case

: Take Test

Test Case ID Test Case / Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail

Action To Result
Perform
 9. testmark>=50 Displays Applicant Applicant is Pass.
is selected for selected for
Interview Interview.

10. testmark< 50 Displays Applicant Applicant Pass.

failed in Test failed in Test

TEST REPORT 3

Product : Recruitment System Use Case

: Attend Interview

Test Case ID Test Case / Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail

Action To Result
Perform

7. If the Displays Applicant Applicant is Pass.

applicant is Recruited for Recruited for the Job
performs well the Job
in Interview

8. If the Displays Applicant is Pass.

applicant Applicant is Rejected
performs not well Rejected
in
Interview

RESULT:

Thus the mini project for recruitment system has been successfully executed and codes are generated.
 211423104

Ex.NO: 2 PROBLEM
STATEMENT DATE:

AIM:

To prepare problem Statement for student foreign trading system.

STATEMENT:

The steps involved in Foreign Trading System are:

The foreign system begins its process by getting the username and password from the trader. After the

authorization permitted by the administrator, the trader is allowed to perform the sourcing to know about the

commodity details. After the required commodities are chosen, the trader places the order. The administrator

checks for the availability for the required commodities and updates it in the database. After the commodities

are ready for the trade, the trader pays the amount to the administrator. The administrator in turn provides the

bill by receiving the amount and updates it in the database. The trader logouts after the confirmation message

has been received.

Conclusion:

The problem statement was written successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO: 3 SRS
DATE:

Aim:
To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The Foreign Trading System (FTS) is designed to facilitate seamless international trading operations by

automating transactions, monitoring currency exchange rates, managing trade regulations, and ensuring

compliance with global trading standards.

1.2 Document Conventions

This document follows IEEE SRS format, using:

- Bold for section titles

- Italics for references

- Bullet points for key details

1.3 Intended Audience

- Traders and financial institutions

- Regulatory bodies

- Software developers and testers

- Business analysts and investors

1.4 Additional Information:

This document serves as a blueprint for the design, development, and implementation of the FTS.

1.5 References

- ISO 20022 – Financial Services Messaging

- Foreign Exchange Regulation Act

- International Trade Law Guidelines

 211423104

2. OVERALL DESCRIPTION

2.1 Product Perspective

The FTS integrates with financial institutions, global exchange markets, and trading platforms to facilitate

foreign trading transactions.

2.2 Product Functions

- Real-time currency exchange monitoring

- Automated trading execution

- Trade compliance checks

- Risk analysis and fraud detection

- Multi-user role access

2.3 User Classes and

Characteristics - Traders – Execute

buy/sell orders

- Regulators – Monitor compliance

- System Administrators – Manage platform operations

- Investors – View market trends

2.4 Operating

Environment - Cloud-

based deployment

- Web and mobile accessibility 2.5 User Environment

Users interact with the system through web and mobile applications, receiving real-time trade updates and alerts.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

- Compliance with financial regulations

- Secure API integration with third-party services

- High availability and low latency requirements

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

- Reliable internet access for seamless operation

- Availability of third-party APIs for exchange rates

 211423104

- Compliance with regulatory frameworks

3. EXTERNAL INTERACE REQUIREMENT

3.1 User Interfaces

- Intuitive dashboard with real-time analytics

- Trade execution panel

- Reports and notifications module

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

- Cloud server infrastructure

- Secure biometric authentication devices

3.3 Software Interfaces

- RESTful APIs for banking transactions

- Data feeds from financial institutions

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) for encryption

- FIX protocol for trading communications

4. SYSTEM FEATURES

4.1 System Feature: Automated Trading Execution

4.1.1 Description and Priority

Automates trade execution based on predefined criteria; high priority.

4.1.2 Action/Result

User sets trade rules → System executes transactions → User receives confirmation.

4.1.3 Functional Requirements

- Allow users to set trade parameters

- Validate transactions
 211423104

- Execute trades based on real-time data

4.2 System Feature: Compliance Monitoring

4.2.1 Description and Priority

Ensures trades meet regulatory requirements; high priority.

4.2.2 Action/Result

System checks compliance → Alerts user on violations.

4.2.3 Functional Requirements - Monitor trade activities

- Generate compliance reports

- Alert users on non-compliant trades

5. OTHER NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Performance Requirements

- Response time <1 second for trade execution

- 99.99% system uptime

5.2 Safety

Requirements - Secure

authentication

- Encrypted data storage

5.3 Security Requirements

- Multi-factor authentication

- Role-based access control

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

- Scalability for global trade expansion

- High reliability and fault tolerance

5.5 Project
Documentation - User

manuals

- API documentation
 211423104

- Compliance reports

5.6 User

Documentation -

Training guides

- FAQs and support resources

6. OTHER REQUIREMENTS

Additional requirements will be identified based on evolving regulatory and

market needs. Appendix A: Terminology/Glossary/Definitions List

- Forex (FX) – Foreign exchange market

- API – Application Programming Interface

- FIX Protocol – Financial Information Exchange

Protocol Appendix B: To Be Determined

- Future integrations with decentralized trading platforms

- Expansion of AI-driven trade recommendations

Conclusion:

The SRS was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO:4
DATE:
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw a sample ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM for real project or system.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:

The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO:
5 DATE:

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

AIM:

To prepare DATA FLOW DIAGRAM for any project.

DIAGRAM:
211423104
 211423104

Conclusion: The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO:6
DATE:

Use Case Diagram

AIM:
To draw the Use Case Diagrams for given application.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX
NO:7
DATE:

ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
AIM
: To draw a sample activity diagram for real project or system.

DIAGRAM:

Trading Account Login

Detai Operation
Diagram Diagram
 211423104

Broker Operat Bank Authority

Diagram Diagram

Conclusion: The activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX
NO:8
DATE: STATE CHART DIAGRAM

AIM:
To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for any project.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:
The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO:
9 DATE:

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
AIM
: To draw the SEQUENCE DIAGRAM for a given project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO: 10
DATE:

CLASS DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw class diagram for any project.

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO:10
DATE:
COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

AIM:
To draw collaboration diagram for any project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The collaboration diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 211423104

EX NO:
DATE:

COMPONENT DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw component diagram for any project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:
The component diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.
 21142310

EX NO:
DATE:

DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM
AIM:
To draw deployment diagram for any project

DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: The Deployment diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above.

EX NO:13
DATE:
 211423104

DESIGN BY CODING

AIM:
To implement the design by coding.

PROGRAM:

IMPLEMENTATION:

BUYER.java

import java.util.*; class

BUYER
{
String name,country;
int id; int
phone; void
get_info()
{
System.out.println("\n******PROFILE******");
System.out.println("\nName : "+name+"\nID : "+id+"\nPhone : "+phone+"\nCountry : "+country);
}
void get_payment()
{
System.out.println("\n*******Payment********");
System.out.println("Transaction made successfully"); }
BUYER(String name, String country,intid,int phone)
{ this.name=name;
this.country=country;
this.id=id;
this.phone=phone;

}
}
EXPORTER.java
class EXPORTER
{
String name,country;
int id; int phone;
void get_Offer()
{
System.out.println("\n*******OFFERS*******");
System.out.println("1.Electronics\n2.Food products\n3.Textile"); }
void get_Production()
{
 21142310

int rand=(int)(Math.random()*100000000); System.out.println("\n******Shipping******");

System.out.println("Shipment Id: "+rand+" has been made");
}
EXPORTER(String name, String country,intid,int phone)
{ this.name=name;
this.country=country;
this.id=id;
this.phone=phone;
}
}
Exchange.java public
class exchange {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String name,country;
int id; int
phone;
int b,c;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int e; do
{
System.out.println("\n**********FORIGN EXCHANGE**********");
System.out.println("SELECT EXCHANGE");
System.out.println("1.EXPORTER \n2.BUYER\n3.EXIT"); int
n = sc.nextInt();
switch(n)

{ case
1:
System.out.println("Welcome exporter");
System.out.print("\nEnter Your name : ");
name=sc.nextLine(); name=sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("\nEnterID : ");
id=sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("\nEnter Phone no. : "); phone=sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("\nEnterCountry : ");
country=sc.nextLine(); country=sc.nextLine();
EXPORTER f = new EXPORTER(name,country,id,phone); do{
System.out.println("\nMENU");
System.out.println("\n1.Offer order \n2. Production\n3.Quit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
b = sc.nextInt(); switch(b)
{ case 1 :f.get_Offer();
break; case 2
:f.get_Production();
break; } }while(b!=3);
break; case 2 :
 211423104

System.out.println("Welcome Buyer");
System.out.print("\nEnter Your name : ");
name=sc.nextLine(); name=sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("\nEnterID : ");
id=sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("\nEnter Phone no. : "); phone=sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("\nEnterCountry : ");
country=sc.nextLine(); country=sc.nextLine();
BUYER d = new BUYER(name,country,id,phone);
do{
System.out.println("\nMENU");

System.out.println("1.View info \n2.Payment\n3.Quit"); System.out.print("Enter

your choice: ");
c = sc.nextInt();
switch(c) { case 1
:d.get_info(); break;
case 2 :d.get_payment();
break; } }while(c!=3);
break; default :
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.print("press 1 for home page : ");
e = sc.nextInt();
}while( e ==1);
}
}

OUTPUT:
**********FORIGN EXCHANGE**********
SELECT EXCHANGE
1. EXPORTER
2. BUYER
3. EXIT
1
Welcome exporter
Enter Your name : Praveen
Enter ID : 330
Enter Phone no. : 435262
Enter Country : India
MENU
1. Offer order
 21142310

2. Production
3.Quit
Enter your choice: 1
*******OFFERS*******
1.Electronics
2. Food products

3. Textile
MENU
1. Offer order
2. Production
3.Quit
Enter your choice: 2
******Shipping******
Shipment Id: 16948196 has been made
MENU
1. Offer order
2. Production 3.Quit
Enter your choice: 3
press 1 for home page : 1
**********FORIGN EXCHANGE**********
SELECT EXCHANGE
1. EXPORTER
2. BUYER 3.EXIT
2
Welcome Buyer
Enter Your name : Ratheesh
Enter ID : 422
Enter Phone no. : 243652
Enter Country : Pakistan

MENU
1.View info
2.Payment
3.Quit
Enter your choice: 1
******PROFILE******
Name : Ratheesh
ID : 422
Phone : 243652
Country : Pakistan
MENU
1. View info
 211423104

2. Payment
3.Quit
Enter your choice: 2
*******Payment********
Transaction made successfully
MENU
1.View info
2.Payment
3. Quit Enter your
choice: 3
press 1 for home page : 1
**********FORIGN EXCHANGE**********
SELECT EXCHANGE
1. EXPORTER
2. BUYER
3. EXIT
 211423104

EX.NO:2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

DATE:

AIM:

To prepare problem statement for conference management system

Description: The problem statement is a critical document that defines the existing challenges in a given
domain and the need for a solution. It serves as a foundation for requirement engineering by capturing key
issues in the current system and outlining broad expectations from a new system. Written in non-technical
terms, the problem statement facilitates communication between technical and non-technical stakeholders. It
does not describe how the problem will be solved but rather focuses on what needs to be addressed.

Problem Statement: Conference Management System

Organizing and managing conferences is a complex and time-consuming task that involves multiple
stakeholders, including organizers, speakers, attendees, and sponsors. Traditional manual processes lead to
inefficiencies, miscommunication, and administrative burdens. A Conference Management System aims to
address these challenges by providing an automated and centralized platform for seamless event planning,
registration, and coordination.

Current Issues in Conference Management

1. Manual Registration and Attendee Management:

o Traditional registration methods are paper-based or rely on spreadsheets, leading to errors and
inefficiencies.
o Managing attendee data, ticketing, and confirmations manually is cumbersome and prone to
mistakes.

2. Inefficient Speaker and Session Scheduling:

o Coordinating multiple speakers, time slots, and session venues manually increases the
likelihood of scheduling conflicts.

o Changes in speaker availability or session timings create difficulties in updating and informing
attendees promptly.

3. Lack of Centralized Communication:

o Communication between organizers, attendees, speakers, and sponsors is often scattered

across multiple channels (emails, phone calls, spreadsheets), leading to miscommunication and
missed updates.
 211423104

o Attendees may not receive timely notifications about schedule changes, venue updates, or
important announcements.

4. Payment and Sponsorship Management Issues:

o Collecting payments for registration, workshops, and sponsorships manually can lead to
tracking difficulties and delays.

o Sponsors and exhibitors require a streamlined system to register, choose sponsorship packages,
and track their benefits.

5. Limited Access to Event Information:

o Attendees often struggle to find updated conference schedules, speaker details, and session
locations.
o A lack of real-time access to conference materials reduces engagement and participation.

6. Scalability and Efficiency Concerns:

o As conferences grow in scale, manual systems become inefficient in handling large numbers of
attendees, speakers, and sessions.

o Managing large-scale events requires automation to ensure smooth operations and enhanced
user experience.

Objective of the Conference Management System

To overcome these challenges, the Conference Management System will provide a digital platform that ensures
efficient event planning, automated registrations, real-time scheduling, and seamless communication between
all stakeholders.

Features and Benefits

1. Automated Registration and Ticketing:

o Attendees can register online, choose ticket categories, and receive digital confirmation.

o The system eliminates manual paperwork and errors in attendee data management.

2. Speaker and Session Scheduling Management:

o Organizers can assign speakers to sessions, manage time slots, and prevent conflicts
automatically.

o Updates to schedules are reflected in real-time, ensuring smooth event execution.

3. Centralized Communication Platform:

o Built-in email and notification system for sending reminders, updates, and announcements.

o Attendees, speakers, and sponsors receive instant updates on event details.

4. Integrated Payment and Sponsorship Handling:

 211423104

o Secure online payment processing for registrations, workshops, and sponsorship packages.

o Sponsors can choose packages, upload promotional materials, and track benefits.

5. Real-Time Event Information Access:

o Attendees can view event schedules, speaker bios, and venue maps via a web portal or mobile
app.

o Session reminders and live updates improve engagement and participation.

6. Scalable and User-Friendly:

o The system can handle events of varying sizes, from small seminars to large international
conferences.

o Intuitive user interface for easy navigation and efficient event management.

Summary
A Conference Management System resolves the inefficiencies of traditional event planning by offering a
centralized, automated platform for managing registrations, schedules, payments, and communication. It
reduces administrative burdens, ensures error-free operations, and enhances the experience for organizers,
attendees, and speakers alike.

Conclusion:

The problem statement was successfully prepared by following structured steps. It highlights the key
challenges faced in conference management and lays the foundation for developing an efficient and
streamlined digital solution.
 211423104

EX.NO:3 SRS

DATE:

AIM:

To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for Conference Management System

1. Introduction
The Conference Management System (CMS) is a software solution designed to streamline the planning,
organization, and execution of conferences. It aims to replace traditional manual processes, which are often inefficient
and prone to errors, with an automated, user-friendly, and reliable system. The CMS will allow
organizers to manage events, speakers, attendees, and sponsors, while providing attendees with easy access to
schedules, materials, and updates.

The primary purpose of this document is to outline the requirements for the CMS, ensuring that all
stakeholders, including developers, testers, and end-users, have a clear understanding of the system’s
functionality, constraints, and objectives. By providing detailed descriptions of the system's features,
interfaces, and performance expectations, this document serves as the foundation for the system's design and
development phases.

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the Conference Management System is to simplify and improve the conference management
process for organizers, attendees, speakers, and sponsors. The system will:

• Enable organizers to manage all aspects of conference planning through an online platform.

• Allow attendees to register, access schedules, and receive updates via web and mobile interfaces.

• Facilitate seamless communication between all stakeholders.

• Automate key processes such as registration, scheduling, and payment handling.

• This document provides the detailed requirements for the CMS, which will guide the development,
testing, and implementation of the system.

1.2 Document Conventions

This document follows the standard conventions of Software Requirements Specification (SRS) documentation:

• Functional requirements are labeled as "FR" followed by a number (e.g., FR1, FR2).

• Non-functional requirements are labeled as "NFR" followed by a number (e.g., NFR1, NFR2).

• Terminology and acronyms are explained in Appendix A.

• References to related documents and standards are included in Section 1.6.

 211423104

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for the following audiences:

1. Organizers: Responsible for planning and managing the conference.

2. Attendees: Participants who register and attend the conference.

3. Speakers: Individuals presenting at the conference.

4. Sponsors: Organizations supporting the conference.

5. Developers: The technical team responsible for designing and implementing the system.

6. Testers: The team tasked with ensuring that the system meets the specified requirements.

1.4 Additional Information

The Conference Management System will provide a secure and scalable platform that meets the needs of
various conference sizes. It will support multiple languages and integrate with payment gateways and email
services.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

• Project Manager: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Lead Developer: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Quality Assurance Lead: [Name, Email, Phone]

• Documentation Specialist: [Name, Email, Phone]

1.6 References

• Industry best practices for event management software.

• ISO/IEC 25010: Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation.

• Guidelines for web and mobile application design.

2. Overall Description

The Conference Management System is designed to be a centralized platform for managing all aspects of
conference organization. The system will provide user-friendly interfaces for all stakeholders.

2.1 Product Perspective

The Conference Management System is a standalone product that will integrate with payment gateways and
email services. It will act as a central hub for conference management.

2.2 Product Functions

1. Attendee Registration: Online registration and ticketing.

2. Speaker Management: Speaker profiles and session scheduling.

 211423104

3. Schedule Management: Creation and distribution of conference schedules.

4. Sponsor Management: Sponsor registration and benefit tracking.

5. Payment Processing: Secure online payment for registration and sponsorships.

6. Communication: Email and notification system for updates and announcements.

7. Reporting: Generation of reports on registration, attendance, and revenue.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

1. Organizers: Require advanced tools for managing all aspects of the conference.

2. Attendees: Need easy access to registration, schedules, and information.

3. Speakers: Require tools to manage their profiles and sessions.

4. Sponsors: Need tools to manage their sponsorships and track benefits.

2.4 Operating Environment

Web-based and mobile-friendly, accessible via modern browsers and mobile devices (iOS, Android).
Linuxbased server with MySQL and Apache.

2.5 User Environment

Access via desktops, laptops, and mobile devices with internet connectivity.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

1. GDPR compliance.

2. Budget and timeline constraints.

3. Scalability for large conferences.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

• Internet access for users.

• Access to payment gateway APIs.

• Reliable email service for notifications.

3. External Interface Requirements

3.1 User Interfaces

• Attendee Interface: Registration, schedule, and information access.

• Organizer Interface: Event management, speaker management, sponsor management.

• Speaker Interface: Profile management, session details.

• Sponsor Interface: Package selection, benefit tracking.

 211423104

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

• Linux server with sufficient resources.

• Client devices: Desktops, laptops, mobile devices.

3.3 Software Interfaces

• MySQL database.

• Apache web server.

• Payment gateway APIs.

• Email service APIs.

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

• HTTP/HTTPS.

• SMTP.

• TCP/IP.

4. System Features

4.1 System Feature A: Attendee Registration

• Description: Online registration and ticketing.

• Action/Result: User registers, receives confirmation.

• FR1: Display registration options. • FR2: Validate registration details.

• FR3: Process payments.

• FR4: Send registration confirmation.

4.2 System Feature B: Speaker Management

• Description: Speaker profiles and session scheduling.

• Action/Result: Organizer adds speaker, assigns sessions.

• FR5: Create speaker profiles.

• FR6: Assign speakers to sessions.

• FR7: Manage session details.

4.3 System Feature C: Notifications

• Description: automated updates and reminders.

• Action/Result: system sends email and in-app notifications.

• FR8: send registration reminders.

 211423104

• FR9: notify schedule changes.

• FR10: notify speakers of session changes.

5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

• NFR1: Handle large numbers of concurrent users.

• NFR2: Fast response times.

5.2 Safety Requirements

• NFR3: Data backup and recovery.

• NFR4: Data integrity.

5.3 Security Requirements

• NFR5: HTTPS encryption.

• NFR6: Role-based access control.

• NFR7: Secure password storage.

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

• Usability, maintainability, scalability.

5.5 Project Documentation

• System architecture, API documentation.

5.6 User Documentation

• Online help, user manuals.

6. Other Requirements
• NFR8: Multilingual support.

• NFR9: Integration with third-party tools.

Appendix A: Terminology/Glossary/Definitions List

• CMS: Conference Management System.

• RBAC: Role-Based Access Control.

Appendix B: To Be Determined

• Specific error messages.

• Integration with specific third-party tools.

Conclusion:
 211423104

The Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for the Conference Management System was created by
following a structured methodology. This document defines the system's objectives, features, and constraints in
detail, ensuring a clear understanding for all stakeholders.
 211423104

EX. NO: 4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP

DIAGRAM DATE:

AIM:

To draw a sample Entity Relationship diagram for conference management system

Entity Relationship diagram for conference management system

Conclusion:
The entity relationship diagram was made successfully by following the steps described above
 211423104

EX. NO: 5 DATA FLOW

DIAGRAM DATE:

Aim:

To prepare Data Flow Diagram for exam registration system

Data Flow diagram for Conference management system

LEVEL 0:

LEVEL 1:
 211423104

LEVEL 2:

Conclusion:

The dataflow diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX. NO:6 USE CASE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:

To draw the Use Case Diagram for exam registration system

Use Case Diagram for Conference management system

Conclusion:

The use case diagram was made successfully by following the steps described.
 211423104

EX. NO: 7 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:

To draw a sample activity diagram for exam registration system

Activity Diagram for conference management system

Conclusion :

The Activity diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted
 211423104

EX. NO: 8 STATE CHART DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:

To prepare State Chart diagram for conference management system

State Chart diagram for conference management system

Conclusion:

The state chart diagram was made successfully by following the steps descripted
 211423104

EX.NO: 9 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:

To draw the sequence diagram for a exam registration system

Sequence diagram for exam registration system

Conclusion:

The sequence diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO:10 CLASS DIAGRAGRAM

DATE:

Aim:

To draw class diagram for conference management system

Class diagram for conference management system

Conclusion:

The class diagram was made successfully by following the steps described
 211423104

EX.NO:11 IMPLEMENTATION

DATE:

Aim:
To implement the design by coding

JAVA PROGRAM:
import java.sql.*; import
java.util.Scanner;

public class ConferenceManagementSystem { private static final String URL

= "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/conference_db"; private static final String
USER
= "root"; // Change to your MySQL username private static final String
PASSWORD = ""; // Change if you have a password

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

while (true) {
System.out.println("\n--- Conference Management System ---");
System.out.println("1. Register for Conference");
System.out.println("2. View Registered Participants");
System.out.println("3. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();

scanner.nextLine(); // Consume newline

switch (choice) {
case 1:
registerParticipant(scanner);

break;
 211423104

case 2:

viewRegisteredParticipants();
break;

case 3:

System.out.println("Exiting...");

return; default:

System.out.println("Invalid choice. Try again.");

private static void registerParticipant(Scanner scanner) {

System.out.print("Enter your name: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter your email: ");
String email = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter conference name: ");
String conference = scanner.nextLine();

String query = "INSERT INTO participants (name, email, conference) VALUES (?, ?,
?)"; try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(query)) { pstmt.setString(1,
name); pstmt.setString(2, email); pstmt.setString(3, conference); int
rowsInserted = pstmt.executeUpdate(); if (rowsInserted > 0) {
System.out.println("Registration successful!");

} catch (SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Email already registered.");

} catch (SQLException e) {
 211423104

e.printStackTrace();

private static void viewRegisteredParticipants() { String query =

"SELECT * FROM participants"; try (Connection conn =
DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(query)) {
System.out.println("\n--- Registered Participants ---");

while (rs.next()) {

System.out.println("ID: " + rs.getInt("id") +

", Name: " + rs.getString("name") +
", Email: " + rs.getString("email") +

", Conference: " + rs.getString("conference") +

", Date: " + rs.getTimestamp("registration_date"));

} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

SQL QUERY:

CREATE DATABASE conference_db;

 211423104

USE conference_db; CREATE TABLE participants ( id

INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, name
VARCHAR(100) NOT
NULL, email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
conference VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
registration_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP); OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION: Thus to implement the design by coding is executed successfully.

 211423104

EX.NO: COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim: To prepare COLLABORATION DIAGRAM for conference management System.

COLLABORATION DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: Thus the collaboration diagram for conference management system was drawn successfully.
 211423104

EX.NO: COMPONENT DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim: To prepare COMPONENT DIAGRAM for conference management System.

COMPONENT DIAGRAM:

Conclusion: Thus the component diagram for conferece management system was drawn successfully.
 211423104

EX.NO: DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

DATE:

Aim: To prepare DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM for conference management System.

DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM:

Conclusion:

Thus the deployment diagram for Conference management System was drawn successfully.
Ex. No: 2 Problem Statement
Date:
Aim:
To prepare Problem Statement for BPO management System.

Description:

A BPO Management System is designed to enhance the efficiency of business

process outsourcing operations. It helps manage customer interactions,
employee tasks, and workflow automation.
The system includes modules for call management, CRM, and performance tracking. It
automates repetitive tasks, reducing manual effort and improving productivity.
Employee performance can be monitored to ensure adherence to SLAs. Reporting and
analytics features provide valuable insights for decision-making. The system improves
response times and customer satisfaction levels. It helps reduce operational costs by
optimizing resource allocation. Data security and compliance features ensure safe handling
of customer information.
Overall, it enhances service quality and streamlines BPO operations efficiently.

Conclusion:

A BPO Management System improves efficiency by automating tasks, managing customer

interactions, and optimizing workforce performance. It enhances service quality, reduces
operational costs, and ensures better compliance. With reporting and analytics,
businesses can make data-driven decisions, leading to improved customer satisfaction
and streamlined operations.
Ex. No: 3 SRS

Date:

Aim:
To understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

Description:

1. Introduction:
1.1. Purpose:
The purpose of this document is to define the functional and non- functional requirements of
the BPO Management System. This system aims to streamline BPO operations by
automating workflows, managing customer interactions, monitoring employee performance,
and generating reports for better decision-making.

1.2 Scope:
The BPO Management System is designed to handle customer service operations efficiently
by integrating modules for call management, task assignment, customer relationship
management (CRM), reporting, and analytics. The system ensures improved productivity,
better compliance, and enhanced service quality.

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

 BPO: Business Process Outsourcing

 CRM: Customer Relationship Management
 SLA: Service Level Agreement
 UI: User Interface
 API: Application Programming Interface
1.4 References

 IEEE Software Requirements Specification Standard (IEEE 830- 1998)

 Industry standards for BPO operations

1.5 Overview

This document details the functional and non-functional requirements, system features, and
constraints of the BPO Management System.

2. Overall Description
2.1 Product Perspective
The BPO Management System is a web-based application that centralizes customer
interaction, employee management, and workflow automation. It integrates with
third-party CRMs and communication tools.

2.2 Product Functions

 Customer Interaction Management: Handles inbound and outbound calls,

emails, and chat support.
 Employee Management: Assigns tasks, monitors performance, and tracks work
hours.
 Workflow Automation: Automates repetitive tasks to improve efficiency.
 Reporting and Analytics: Generates performance reports and dashboards.
 Ticketing System: Tracks customer complaints and requests.
2.3 User Characteristics

 Administrators: Manage system configurations and user access.

 Agents: Handle customer interactions and resolve issues.
 Supervisors: Monitor agent performance and generate reports.
 Clients: Track service requests and monitor interactions.

2.4 Constraints

 The system should be accessible via web browsers.

 It must comply with data security standards (e.g., GDPR, ISO 27001).
 High availability with minimal downtime.

3. Specific Requirements
3.1 Functional Requirements

 User Authentication and Authorization

o Users must log in using valid credentials.
o Role-based access control should be implemented.
 Customer Interaction Module
o Support for voice, email, and chat communication.
o Call logging and recording functionality.
 Employee Management
o Assign tasks based on skill and availability.
o Monitor employee performance metrics.
 Workflow Automation
o Automate routine processes like ticket escalation.
o Set SLA-based task priorities.
  Reporting and Analytics
o Generate detailed reports on agent performance and customer queries.
o Provide real-time dashboards.

3.2 Non-Functional Requirements

 Performance: The system should support 500+ concurrent users.

 Security: Data encryption and role-based access control.
 Scalability: The system should be able to handle an increasing number of users.
 Usability: User-friendly UI with minimal training requirements.

4. System Features
4.1 Call Management

 Inbound and outbound call handling.

 Call recording and logs.

4.2 CRM Integration

 Customer profile management.

 Interaction history tracking.

4.3 Task Automation

 Auto-assigning tickets based on priority.

 Reminders for pending tasks.

4.4 Reports & Analytics

 Real-time dashboard for supervisors.

  Export reports in CSV/PDF format.

5. External Interface Requirements

5.1 User Interfaces

 Web-based UI with dashboard and reporting tools.

5.2 Hardware Interfaces

 Compatible with standard servers and cloud infrastructure.

5.3 Software Interfaces

 Integration with third-party CRMs and VoIP systems.

5.4 Communication Interfaces

 REST APIs for external application integration.

6. Other Requirements

 Compliance with GDPR and other data protection laws.

 Regular system backups and recovery procedures.

Conclusion:

Thus, the SRS was made successfully by the following steps described above.
Ex. No:4 Entity Relationship Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw an Entity Relationship diagram for BPO Mangement System.

Diagram:

Conclusion:

Thus, the E-R diagram for BPO Management System was made successfully.
Ex. No: 5 Data Flow Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Data Flow Diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Level 0:

Level 1:

Conclusion: Thus, the Data Flow diagram for BPO Management System was made
successfully.
Ex. No: 6 Use case Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Use case Diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion: Thus, the Use case diagram was made successfully.

Ex. NO:7 Activity Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw an Activity Diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion: Thus, the Activity diagram for BPO Management System was made
Successfully.
Ex. No:8 State Chart Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a state chart Diagram for BPO management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion:

Thus, the state chart diagram was made successfully.

Ex.NO: 9 Sequence Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a sequence diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion: Thus, the Sequence Diagram was made successfully.

Ex. NO: 10 Class Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a class diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion: Thus, the class diagram was made successfully.

Ex. No:11 Collaboration Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Collaboration Diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion:

Thus, the Collaboration Diagram was made successfully.

Ex. No:12 Component Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a component diagram for BPO Management System.

Diagram:

Conclusion:

Thus, the component diagram for BPO Management System was made Successfully.
Ex. No:13 Deployment Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Deployment Diagram for BPO Management system.

Diagram:

Conclusion: Thus, the Deployment Diagram was made successfully.

Ex. No:14 Implementation

Date:

Aim:

To implement the BPO Management System

Code:

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

public class bposystem {

String bponame,address,email,state,contact_no;
int noofemp;
Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
public void addbpodetails()
{
System.out.println("Enter the BPO Name");
bponame=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter the address");
address=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your statename");
state=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your Contact No");
contact_no=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your Number of Employees");
noofemp=sc.nextInt();
}
public void update()
{
int choice;
System.out.println("Which details you want to update");
System.out.println("1. Name of Organization 2. Address 3. State 4.
Contact No ");
System.out.println("Press the Menu Number to update");
choice= sc.nextInt();
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
 System.out.println("ENTER YOUR NEW NAME OF ORGANIZATION");
bponame=sc.nextLine(); break;
case 2:
System.out.println("ENTER YOUR NEW ADDRESS");
address=sc.nextLine();
break;
case 3:

System.out.println("ENTER THE NEW STATE"); state=sc.nextLine();

break;
case 4:
System.out.println("ENTER YOUR NEW CONTACT NUMBER");
contact_no=sc.nextLine();
break;
default:
System.out.println("All changes get updated "); break;
}
}

class employeedetails
{
Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in); String
empname, empadd,empphoneno,dept,shift; int salary;
public static int empid=0,projectid=0; public void
addemployeedetails()
{
empid+=1;
System.out.println("Enter employeename");
empname=sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter
employee address"); empadd=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your employee Phone Number"); empphoneno=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Ente the department");
dept=sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter the
shift"); shift=sc.nextLine();
 System.out.println("Enter the salary");
salary=sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter your
project id"); projectid=projectid+1;
}
public void salcal()
{
salary=salary+100*projectid;
System.out.println("The salary of employee is"+salary);
}

}
class project
{

Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);

String projectname,projectdes,projectduration,status,startdate,shipdate; public static int
projectid=0;
int amount, clientid; public void
addproject()
{
System.out.println("Enter your Project Name"); projectname=sc.nextLine();
projectid+=1;
System.out.println("Enter your Project Description"); projectdes=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your Project Duration"); projectduration=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your Project Startdate. Enter in this format
DD/MM/YY");
startdate=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter your Project Shipdate. Enter in this format
DD/MM/YY");
shipdate=sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter the
amount"); amount=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter the client id");
clientid=sc.nextInt();
//System.out.println("Enter the status");
//status=sc.nextLine();

}
}
class client
{
 Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
String clientname, address, state, pincode,contactno,mailid; public static
int clientid=0;
public void addclient()
{
System.out.println("Enter the client name");
clientname=sc.nextLine();
//System.out.println("Enter the client id"); clientid+=1;
System.out.println("Enter the client address");
address=sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter the
client State"); state=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter the client pincode");
pincode=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter the client contactno");
contactno=sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter the
client mailid"); mailid=sc.nextLine();
}
}

class process {
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
public void queries(String projectna, String projectdes, String projectdur)
{
System.out.println("****Queries Panel****");
System.out.println("What is the Project Name?");
System.out.println("Project Name is: "+projectna);
System.out.println("What is the Project Name?");
System.out.println("Project Description is: "+projectdes);
System.out.println("What is the Project Duration?");
System.out.println("Project Duration is: "+projectdur);
}
public void conversation()
{
System.out.println("Speak with the client..."); Timer
timer=new Timer();
timer.schedule(new TimerTask(){
@Override
public void run()
{
System.out.println("Conversation going on...");
}
 },4500);
}
public void shipment(String ship)
{
String reason; int
ch,ch1;
System.out.println("Shipment date"+ship);
System.out.println("IF PROJECT HAS BEEN COMPLETED PRESS 1 OR ELSE
PRESS 0");
ch=sc.nextInt(); if(ch==1)
{
System.out.println("Project has been successfully completed");
System.out.println("Press 1 to export the project to client");
ch1=sc.nextInt();
if(ch1==1)
{
System.out.println("Project has been successfully exported.");
System.out.println("Payment will be done within 12 hours to
your account");
}
else
{ }
}
else
{
System.out.println("Project has been delayed"); System.out.println("Enter the
reason for delay"); reason=sc.nextLine();

System.out.println("Penalty will be imposed for each day of delay.

1 day Rs.1000 will be deduced from the amount ");
}
}
public void calpayment(int amt)
{
int daysdelay,payment,bonus=100; System.out.println("Enter the
total delay in time"); daysdelay=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("amount is "+amt);
if(daysdelay==0)
{
payment=amt*bonus;
}
else
 {
payment=amt-daysdelay*1000;
}
System.out.println("Final amount payed"+payment);
}
}
class start extends project
{
public static void main(String args[])
{

bposystem bpo=new bposystem();

employeedetails emp=new employeedetails();
project prj =new project();
client clt=new client();
process pr=new process();
bpo.addbpodetails();
emp.addemployeedetails();
emp.salcal();

prj.addproject();
int am= prj.amount;
String ship=prj.shipdate;
String prjn=prj.projectname;
String prjnd=prj.projectdes;
String prjdur=prj.projectduration;
clt.addclient();
pr.queries(prjn, prjnd, prjdur);
pr.conversation();
pr.shipment(ship);
pr.calpayment(am);

}
}

OUTPUT:

=== Employees ===

Employee [ID=E001, Name=John Doe, Position=Manager] Employee

[ID=E002, Name=Jane Smith, Position=Agent]

=== Tasks ===

Task [ID=T001, Description=Handle Customer Support Calls, Assigned To=Jane Smith,
Completed=false]

Task[ID=T002, Description=Monitor Operations, Assigned To=John Doe, Completed=false]

After marking task1 as completed:

Task[ID=T001, Description=Handle Customer Support Calls, Assigned To=Jane Smith,

Completed=true]

Task[ID=T002, Description=Monitor Operations, Assigned To=John Doe, Completed=false]

Conclusion:

Thus, the implementation for BPO Management System was executed successfully.
 211423104

Ex No: 2 Problem Statement

Aim:
To prepare a problem statement for Library Management System Project.

Problem Statement: Library Management System

Background
Libraries serve as vital centers for learning, research, and community engagement.
Traditionally, many libraries rely on manual processes or outdated systems to manage their
collections, user records, and daily operations. This reliance on paper-based or inefficient
digital systems leads to several operational challenges, especially as libraries expand their
collections and services to meet increasing user demands.

Current Challenges

 Manual Data Handling: Most libraries still use manual processes for cataloging
books, tracking loans, and recording returns. These methods are time-consuming and
prone to human error.

 Inefficient Inventory Management: Keeping track of a large number of books,

journals, and multimedia resources is challenging. Manual or outdated digital
systems often lead to inaccurate records and difficulty in quickly locating resources.

 User Management Difficulties: Handling registrations, monitoring user borrowing

histories, and managing overdue books or fines is cumbersome without an integrated
system.

 Limited Search and Retrieval Capabilities: Users often face difficulties finding
books or other resources due to the lack of a robust search mechanism in current
systems.

 Delayed Notifications: Without an automated process, the system struggles to notify

users about due dates, upcoming fines, or reserved items, affecting user satisfaction
and resource circulation.

 Reporting and Analytics: Generating meaningful reports on library usage,

inventory status, and user activity is labor-intensive and often inaccurate, hindering
informed decision-making.

Objectives of the Library Management System

The primary goal is to design and implement an automated, efficient, and user-friendly
Library Management System that:
 Automates Core Processes: Streamlines book cataloging, borrowing, returning, and
inventory updates.

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 211423104

 Enhances User Experience: Provides a seamless interface for both librarians

and patrons, including features for easy search, user registration, and account
management.

 Improves Accuracy and Efficiency: Reduces errors associated with manual entry
and ensures real-time updates of library data.

 Enables Effective Communication: Implements automated notifications for

due dates, reservations, and fines to keep users well-informed.

 Facilitates Comprehensive Reporting: Generates accurate reports and analytics to

assist in resource planning and operational improvements.

Scope
The system will cover the following key functionalities:

 Catalog Management: Digital cataloging of books and other resources with detailed
metadata.
 Circulation Management: Automated procedures for issuing, returning, and
renewing library items.

 User Account Management: Registration, authentication, and management of

patron profiles.
 Notification System: Automated alerts for due dates, reserved items, and fines.

 Reporting Module: Tools for generating statistical reports on circulation, inventory

status, and user activity.

Significance
Developing this Library Management System is crucial for modernizing library operations. By
automating key processes, the system will:
 Increase Operational Efficiency: Reduce manual workloads and streamline
everyday tasks.

 Enhance Data Accuracy: Ensure up-to-date, error-free records of inventory and user
activities.
 Improve User Satisfaction: Provide a more responsive and user-friendly environment
for accessing library resources.

Result:

The problem statement has been constructed successfully.

22
 211423104

Ex No:3 Software Requirements Specification (SRS)

Date:

Aim: To Understand and prepare an SRS of a project.

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to outline the functional and non-functional requirements for
the development of a Library Management System (LMS). The LMS will enable educational
institutions, libraries, and other organizations to efficiently manage book inventories,
streamline borrowing/return processes, and provide an integrated platform for administrators,
librarians, and users. Key functionalities include book cataloging, user account management,
borrowing and return tracking, fine calculation, and report
generation.

1.2 Document Conventions

 Font Style: Arial, 12 pt.

 Headings: Bold, 14 pt.

 Date Format: DD/MM/YYYY.

 Currency: USD.

 Terminology:

o Admin: Refers to library administrators managing the system.

o User: Refers to library members (students, staff, or external users) accessing

the system.

1.3 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:

 Developers and technical teams responsible for building the system.

 QA testers validating system performance and functionality.

 Library administrators overseeing system operations.

 Stakeholders, including institutional management and investors.

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 211423104

1.4 Additional Information

The LMS will be built using Java for backend development and MySQL for database
management. It will feature a web-based interface with optional mobile integration. The
project aims to meet the operational and administrative needs of libraries in schools,
colleges, and organizations.

1.5 Contact Information/SRS Team Members

 Project Manager: John Doe, email: johndoe@librarymanagement.com

 Lead Developer: Jane Smith, email: janesmith@librarymanagement.com

 QA Lead: Mark Taylor, email: marktaylor@librarymanagement.com

1.6 References

 "Software Requirements Specification Template," IEEE Standards.

 Official MySQL Documentation.

 Java Programming Guide by Oracle.

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

The LMS will be a standalone system designed to manage library operations efficiently. It can
also integrate with related systems, such as student management, payroll, and academic
resource platforms.

2.2 Product Functions

Key functions of the LMS include:

 Book cataloging and inventory management.

 Borrowing, returning, and fine management.

 User registration and profile management.

 Search functionality for books by title, author, or genre.

22
 211423104

 Generating reports for overdue books, fines, and user activity.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

1. Administrators: Manage system settings, user accounts, and overall library

operations.

2. Librarians: Oversee day-to-day operations such as book issuance and returns.

3. Members: Search and borrow books, view borrowing history, and pay fines.

2.4 Operating Environment

The system will operate on:

 Web Browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari.

 Operating Systems: Windows, macOS, Linux.

 Mobile Devices: Android and iOS platforms (optional mobile app).

2.5 User Environment

Users will access the system via secure login credentials. Administrators and librarians will
primarily use desktop systems, while members can access the system on mobile devices or
desktop browsers.

2.6 Design/Implementation Constraints

 The system must be compatible with existing library IT infrastructure.

 Development must adhere to a six-month timeline.

 Compliance with local data protection and privacy laws.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

 Users have basic computer literacy.

 Libraries provide reliable internet access.

 The system depends on MySQL for database management and Java for backend logic.

3. External Interface Requirements

23
 211423104

3.1 User Interfaces

 Admin Dashboard: Overview of system statistics and management tools.

 Librarian Interface: Options to manage book inventory, issue/return books, and track
fines.

 User Portal: Search catalog, view borrowing history, and pay fines online.

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

 Compatible with desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

 Minimum hardware requirements:

o 4GB RAM.

o Dual-core processor.

o 20GB free storage for local installations.

3.3 Software Interfaces

 Database: MySQL for storing book, user, and transaction data.

 Backend: Java with Spring Boot framework.

 Frontend: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (ReactJS for interactive elements).

3.4 Communication Protocols and Interfaces

 Protocols: HTTPS for secure communication.

 Email Integration: SMTP for notifications about overdue books or fines.

 API Standards: RESTful APIs for integration with third-party systems.

4. System Features

24
 211423104

4.1 System Feature A: Book Cataloging

 Description and Priority: Enables adding and managing book details in the inventory.

o Priority: High.

 Action/Result:
o Action: Admin or librarian enters book details.

o Result: The system generates a unique identifier and stores the book in the
database.
 Functional Requirements:

o The system shall validate duplicate entries.

o The system shall support bulk uploads via CSV files.

4.2 System Feature B: Borrowing and Returning Books

 Description and Priority: Tracks books issued and returned by users.

o Priority: High.

 Action/Result:

o Action: Librarian records a book issuance or return.

o Result: The system updates the transaction log and calculates fines if
applicable.
 Functional Requirements:

o The system shall notify users of due dates.

o The system shall block accounts with unpaid fines.

5. Other Non-functional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

 The system shall support up to 500 concurrent users.

 Response time for key operations shall not exceed 2 seconds.

5.2 Safety Requirements

25
 211423104

 The system shall perform automated backups daily.

 Data recovery mechanisms must be in place.

5.3 Security Requirements

 All user data shall be encrypted.

 Role-based access control will restrict sensitive information.

5.4 Software Quality Attributes

 Scalability: The system should handle future increases in users and inventory without
performance degradation.
 Usability: Intuitive interfaces designed for non-technical users.

5.5 Project Documentation

 Developer and administrator manuals shall be provided.

 Regular updates and maintenance logs will be maintained.

5.6 User Documentation

 A comprehensive user guide for administrators, librarians, and members.

 Tutorial videos and FAQs for troubleshooting.

6. Other Requirements
 The system shall comply with local library regulations.

 Multilingual support for global deployment.

 Accessibility features for users with disabilities (e.g., screen reader compatibility).

Conclusion

The SRS was successfully developed, following the steps described above.

26
 211423104

27
 211423104

EX NO: 4 Entity Relationship

Diagram DATE:

Aim:

To draw a sample Entity Relationship diagram for Library Management System.

Entity Relationship Diagram: Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

28
 211423104

Ex No: 5 Data Flow Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To prepare a Data flow diagram for Library Management System.

Data Flow Diagram: Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

29
 211423104

Ex No: 6 Use Case Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Use Case diagram for Library Management System.

Use Case Diagram: Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

30
 211423104

Ex No: 7 Activity Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a sample Activity diagram for Library Management System.

Activity Diagram: Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

31
 211423104

Ex No: 8 State Chart Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To prepare a State Chart diagram for Library Management System.

State Chart Diagram: Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

32
 211423104

Ex No: 9 Sequence Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Sequence diagram for Library Management System.

Sequence Diagram : Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

33
 211423104

Ex No: 10 Class Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a class diagram for Library Management System.

Class Diagram : Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

34
 211423104

Ex No: Deployment Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Deployment diagram for Library Management System.

Deployment diagram: Library Management System:

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

35
 211423104

Ex no: Collaboration
Diagram Date:

Aim:

To draw a collaboration diagram for Library Management System.

Collaboration diagram: Library Management System

Result:

The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

36
 211423104

Ex no: Component Diagram

Date:

Aim:
To draw a Component diagram for Library Management System.

Component diagram: Library Management System

Result:
The diagram has been constructed successfully in ArgoUML.

37
 211423104

EX NO:11 Design by Coding

DATE:

Aim:
To implement the design by coding.

Java Code:

import java.sql.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class LibraryManagementSystem {

private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/library_db";

private static final String USER = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD =
"password"; public static void main(String[] args) {
try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD)) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

while (true) {
System.out.println("\nLibrary Management System");
System.out.println("1. Add Book");
System.out.println("2. Search Book");
System.out.println("3. Borrow Book");
System.out.println("4. Return Book");
System.out.println("5. Exit");
System.out.print("Choose an option: ");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine();
switch (choice) {
case 1 -> addBook(conn, scanner);
case 2 -> searchBook(conn, scanner);
case 3 -> borrowBook(conn, scanner);

38
 211423104

case 4 -> returnBook(conn, scanner);

case 5 -> {
System.out.println("Exiting...");
return;

default -> System.out.println("Invalid choice! Try again.");

} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();

private static void addBook(Connection conn, Scanner scanner) throws SQLException {

System.out.print("Enter book title: ");
String title = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter author: ");
String author = scanner.nextLine();
String sql = "INSERT INTO books (title, author, is_borrowed) VALUES (?, ?,
false)"; try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setString(1, title);

stmt.setString(2, author); stmt.executeUpdate();

System.out.println("Book added successfully!");

private static void searchBook(Connection conn, Scanner scanner) throws SQLException {

System.out.print("Enter book title to search: ");

String title = scanner.nextLine();

39
 211423104

String sql = "SELECT * FROM books WHERE title LIKE ?";

try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setString(1, "%" + title + "%");
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println("ID: " + rs.getInt("id") + " | Title: " + rs.getString("title") + " |
Author: " + rs.getString("author") + " | Borrowed: " + rs.getBoolean("is_borrowed"));
}

private static void borrowBook(Connection conn, Scanner scanner) throws SQLException {

System.out.print("Enter book ID to borrow: ");

int id = scanner.nextInt();

String sql = "UPDATE books SET is_borrowed = true WHERE id = ? AND is_borrowed =
false";

try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) { stmt.setInt(1,

id);
int rowsUpdated = stmt.executeUpdate();
if (rowsUpdated > 0) {

System.out.println("Book borrowed successfully!");

} else {

System.out.println("Book is already borrowed or does not exist.");

}

private static void returnBook(Connection conn, Scanner scanner) throws SQLException

{ System.out.print("Enter book ID to return: ");

int id = scanner.nextInt();

40
 211423104

String sql = "UPDATE books SET is_borrowed = false WHERE id = ? AND is_borrowed
= true";

try (PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) { stmt.setInt(1,

id);
int rowsUpdated = stmt.executeUpdate();
if (rowsUpdated > 0) {

System.out.println("Book returned successfully!");

} else {

System.out.println("Invalid book ID or book is not borrowed."); }

SQL Code:

CREATE TABLE books (

book_id INT PRIMARY KEY

AUTO_INCREMENT, title VARCHAR(255)
NOT NULL,

author VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,

state ENUM('AVAILABLE', 'BORROWED', 'RESERVED', 'RETURNED', 'LOST')

DEFAULT 'AVAILABLE'

);

INSERT INTO books (title, author)

VALUES ('Java Programming', 'James
Gosling'),

('Data Structures', 'Robert Lafore'),

('Operating Systems', 'Abraham Silberschatz');

UPDATE books

SET state = 'BORROWED'

WHERE book_id = 1 AND state =

'AVAILABLE'; UPDATE books

41
 211423104

SET state = 'RETURNED'

42
 211423104

WHERE book_id = 1 AND state = 'BORROWED';

UPDATE books

SET state = 'RESERVED'

WHERE book_id = 2 AND state =

'AVAILABLE'; UPDATE books
SET state = 'LOST'

WHERE book_id = 1 AND state = 'BORROWED';

UPDATE books

SET state = 'AVAILABLE'

WHERE book_id = 1 AND state = 'RETURNED';

SELECT * FROM books;
Output:

Result:
The implementation of library management system has been done successfully using java and
SQL.

43
EXP.NO: REG.NO:211423104
DATE:

PROBLEM STATEMENT

AIM:
To design and develop a Student Information System (SIS) that automates and optimizes
student data management processes in educational institutions. The system will serve as a
centralized platform for handling student records, academic performance, attendance,
communication, and administrative functions.

DESCRIPTION:

1. Introduction

In modern educational institutions, managing student data is a critical task. Schools, colleges,
and universities deal with vast amounts of student-related information, including admissions,
course enrollments, grades, attendance, and financial records.

Many institutions still rely on manual processes or outdated software, which leads to:

• Data inconsistency and redundancy

• Difficulty in accessing information in real-time

• Security vulnerabilities and unauthorized access risks

• Inefficient communication between students, faculty, and administration

A well-structured Student Information System (SIS) is required to solve these problems by
providing an integrated, automated, and secure solution that enhances efficiency and
accuracy.

2. Problem Definition

Existing Challenges in Student Data Management

The current student data management system in most institutions has the following
drawbacks:

A. Data Handling Issues

1. Manual data entry errors – Misplacement of student records and incorrect data
input.

2. Data duplication – The same data is stored multiple times in different departments,
increasing redundancy.

3. Time-consuming retrieval – Paper-based records or unorganized digital files make it

difficult to find specific student information quickly.
EXP.NO: REG.NO:211423104
DATE:

B. Accessibility & Communication Issues

1. Lack of real-time data access – Students and faculty cannot access information
remotely.

2. Limited student-teacher-administration communication – No centralized system

to send notifications, exam schedules, or results.

3. Difficulty in updating records – Any change in student data (e.g., name, address,
subjects) requires multiple approvals, slowing the process.

C. Academic & Attendance Tracking Issues

1. Errors in grade calculations – Manual entry of grades leads to miscalculations.

2. Difficulty in tracking student progress – No automated reports for student

performance trends.

3. Attendance tracking issues – Teachers struggle to maintain attendance records

efficiently.

D. Security & Data Privacy Concerns

1. Unauthorized access – Student data is at risk due to weak security protocols.

2. Data loss – Paper-based records can be misplaced, and outdated systems do not have
backup options.

3. Confidentiality risks – Student details (e.g., academic performance, personal

information) must be kept secure.

3. Proposed Solution: Student Information System (SIS)

To address these challenges, an automated Student Information System (SIS) will be

developed. It will provide a centralized database that is accessible to students, faculty, and
administrators while ensuring security and efficiency.

Features of the SIS

A. Student Management Module

• Online student registration and profile creation.

• Course selection and subject enrollment.

• Secure login for students to view personal details and academic progress.

B. Academic Performance Tracking

• Digital gradebook for recording test scores and assignments.

EXP.NO: REG.NO:211423104
DATE:

• Automated generation of student performance reports and transcripts.

• Predictive analytics to identify students needing additional support.

C. Attendance Monitoring

• Digital attendance tracking system with automated reports.

• Integration with biometric or RFID-based attendance systems.

• Notifications to students/parents for low attendance.

D. Fee Management & Financial Records

• Online fee payment with real-time status updates.

• Automated fee receipts and balance tracking.

• Notifications for pending dues and deadlines.

E. Administrative Controls

• Role-based access for students, faculty, and administrators.

• Digital document management (certificates, ID cards, report cards).

• Customizable settings to configure institution-specific policies.

F. Communication & Notifications

• Automated alerts via email, SMS, or mobile app notifications.

• Announcements for exam schedules, holidays, and academic events.

• Discussion forums for student-faculty interactions.

G. Security & Data Protection

• Role-based access control to restrict unauthorized usage.

• Data encryption and cloud-based backups for disaster recovery.

• Compliance with privacy regulations to protect student data.

4. Benefits of the Student Information System

4.1 For Students

Easy access to academic records and grades.

Quick course enrollment and exam schedule updates.
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Digital fee payment and attendance tracking.

4.2 For Faculty

Simplified grade entry and performance analysis.

Automated attendance tracking for accurate records.
Quick communication with students regarding assignments and deadlines.

4.3 For Administrators

Efficient admission management and document storage.

Streamlined fee collection and financial transactions.
Secure, centralized student data management with easy reporting.

4.4 Overall Institutional Impact

Reduces paperwork and eliminates human errors.

Saves time and enhances workflow efficiency.
Provides a scalable and future-ready system for student management.
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CONCLUSION:
The Student Information System (SIS) will transform how educational institutions manage
student records, academic data, and administrative tasks. By automating processes,
enhancing security, and improving accessibility, this system will reduce workload, increase
efficiency, and provide real-time insights into student progress.
This project ensures a scalable, reliable, and user-friendly platform that meets the evolving
needs of modern education.
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SRS

AIM:
To Understand and prepare SRS for Student Information System

DESCRIPTION:

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for Student Information System (SIS)

Version: 1.0

Date: [27-03-2025]
Prepared by: [ / PANIMLAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE]

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to define the functional and non-functional requirements of
the Student Information System (SIS). This system is designed to manage student records,
academic performance, attendance, fee management, and communication between students,
faculty, and administrators.

1.2 Document Conventions

• IEEE 830-1998 standard is followed for structuring this SRS.

• Functional requirements are written in numbered lists.

• “Shall” denotes mandatory requirements, while “Should” represents optional or

recommended features.

1.3 Intended Audience and Reading Suggestions This

document is intended for:

• Developers – For system design and implementation.

• Administrators – To understand system features and configurations.

• Faculty & Staff – For understanding academic and student-related functionalities.

• Students – As end-users of the system.

1.4 Scope
The Student Information System (SIS) aims to provide a centralized and automated platform
for managing student data in educational institutions. It shall:

•
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• Store and manage student profiles, academic records, and attendance.

• Allow faculty to track student progress and manage grading.

Enable students to access their grades, attendance, and course schedules.

• Assist administrators in handling admissions, fee payments, and reporting.

• Provide role-based access for security and data integrity.

The system will be web-based and mobile-compatible, ensuring accessibility across devices.

1.5 References

• IEEE 830-1998 Software Requirements Specification Standard.

• [Additional references, if applicable].

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

The SIS will be a standalone or cloud-based system that integrates with existing institutional
databases and Learning Management Systems (LMS).

2.2 Product Functions

1. Student Management – Registration, profile updates, course selection.

2. Academic Records – Grade tracking, report generation.

3. Attendance Monitoring – Automated attendance tracking and reporting.

4. Fee Management – Online fee payments, due notifications.

5. Communication Module – Notifications, messaging between faculty and students.

6. Security & Access Control – Role-based authentication for different users.

2.3 User Characteristics

• Students – Access to personal records, grades, schedules.

• Faculty – Manage student grades, attendance, and academic reports.

• Administrators – Oversee admissions, fee collection, and reporting.

2.4 Constraints

• The system must comply with data privacy regulations (GDPR, FERPA, etc.).

•
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• The system should support at least 10,000 simultaneous users.

• The application must be accessible on both web and mobile devices.

2.5 Assumptions and Dependencies

• Users will have internet access for online functionalities.

• Institutions will provide existing student records for migration.

The system will be integrated with existing databases (if applicable).

3. Specific Requirements

3.1 Functional Requirements

3.1.1 User Management

1. The system shall allow users to register with a unique ID and password.

2. Students shall be able to update their personal profiles.

3. Faculty and administrators shall have different access levels.

3.1.2 Student Academic Records

1. Faculty shall be able to enter and update student grades.

2. Students shall be able to view their academic performance.

3. The system shall generate automated transcripts and progress reports.

3.1.3 Attendance Management

1. Faculty shall be able to mark student attendance.

2. The system shall automatically generate attendance reports.

3. Students shall receive alerts for low attendance.

3.1.4 Fee Management

1. Students shall be able to pay tuition and other fees online.

2. The system shall send notifications for pending payments.

3. Administrators shall be able to track payment histories.

3.1.5 Communication & Notifications

1. The system shall provide in-app messaging for students and faculty.

•
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2. Students shall receive automated alerts for schedule changes and deadlines.

3. The system shall allow administrators to send bulk notifications.

3.1.6 Security & Role-Based Access

1. The system shall require authentication for access.

2. Faculty shall only have access to student data relevant to their courses.

3. The system shall log all user activities for security audits.

4. External Interface Requirements

4.1 User Interfaces

Web Interface: Designed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript (React.js, Angular).

• Mobile Interface: Compatible with Android/iOS (developed in Flutter/React Native).

4.2 Hardware Interfaces

• Supports cloud-hosted or on-premise servers with a database backend.

• Works with biometric/RFID devices for attendance tracking.

4.3 Software Interfaces

• Database: MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB for student records.

• Authentication: OAuth 2.0, LDAP for secure login.

• Third-Party Integration: APIs for SMS, email notifications, and LMS systems.

5. Non-Functional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

1. The system shall handle at least 10,000 concurrent users.

2. Response time for queries shall be less than 2 seconds.

5.2 Security Requirements

1. All data shall be encrypted using AES-256.

2. The system shall comply with FERPA and GDPR for data protection.

3. Role-based access control shall prevent unauthorized modifications.

•
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5.3 Usability Requirements

1. The system shall provide a user-friendly UI with clear navigation.

2. It shall be accessible on desktop, tablet, and mobile devices.

5.4 Availability Requirements

1. The system shall have 99.9% uptime.

2. It shall perform daily automated backups.

6. Other Requirements

1. The system should support multiple languages.

2. Future versions may include AI-driven academic predictions for student success
tracking.

7. Appendices

• Detailed use-case diagrams and system architecture (if applicable).

Compliance with ISO/IEC 27001 for security.

•
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8. Glossary

• SIS: Student Information System

• FERPA: Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

• GDPR: General Data Protection Regulation

• LMS: Learning Management System

CONCLUSION:

This SRS document outlines the functional, non-functional, and interface requirements for the
Student Information System (SIS). By implementing these specifications, institutions can
enhance data management, automate student processes, and ensure secure, efficient, and
scalable education administration.
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ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

AIM:

To draw a ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM for Student Information System ENTITY

RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: The entity relationship diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

AIM: To prepare DATA FLOW DIAGRAM for Student Information System DATA

FLOW DIAGRAM:

LEVEL 1:
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LEVEL 2:

CONCLUSION: Thus data flow diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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USE CASE DIAGRAM

AIM: To draw the USE CASE DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

USE CASE DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the use case diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

AIM: To draw a ACTIVITY DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

ACTIVITY DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the activity diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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STATE CHART DIAGRAM

AIM: To prepare STATE CHART DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

STATE CHART DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the state chart diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

AIM: To draw the SEQUENCE DIAGRAM for Sudent Information System.

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the sequence diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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CLASS DIAGRAM

AIM: To draw CLASS DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

CLASS DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the class diagram for Student Information System is executed
successfully.
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IMPLEMENTATION

AIM: To implement the design by coding for Student Information System

PROGRAM:

import java.sql.*; import

java.util.*;

public class StudentInformationSystem { static final String JDBC_URL =

"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student_db"; static final String JDBC_USER

= "root"; static final String JDBC_PASSWORD = ""; public static void

main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

int choice;

do {

System.out.println("********** STUDENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

**********");

System.out.println("SELECT DEPARTMENT:");

System.out.println("1. CSE\n2. ECE\n3. MECH\n4. Exit");

int deptChoice = sc.nextInt(); sc.nextLine(); // Consume

newline if (deptChoice == 4) {

System.out.println("Exiting...");

break;

System.out.println("1. Manage Courses\n2. Manage Students");

int option = sc.nextInt(); sc.nextLine(); switch (option)

{ case 1:

manageCourses(sc);
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break;

case 2:

manageStudents(sc);

break; default:

System.out.println("Invalid option! Try again.");

System.out.println("Press 1 for Home Page, any other key to Exit.");

choice = sc.nextInt(); } while (choice == 1); sc.close();

public static void manageCourses(Scanner sc) {

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(JDBC_URL, JDBC_USER,

JDBC_PASSWORD)) {

System.out.println("Enter 3 course names to add:");

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

System.out.print("Course Name: ");

String courseName = sc.nextLine();

System.out.print("Duration (weeks/months): ");

String duration = sc.nextLine();

System.out.print("Fees: "); double

fees = sc.nextDouble();

sc.nextLine(); // Consume newline

System.out.print("Description: ");

String description = sc.nextLine();

String sql = "INSERT INTO courses (course_name, duration, fees, description)
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VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)"; try (PreparedStatement pstmt =

conn.prepareStatement(sql)) { pstmt.setString(1,

courseName);

pstmt.setString(2, duration);

pstmt.setDouble(3, fees); pstmt.setString(4,

description); pstmt.executeUpdate();

System.out.println("Courses added successfully!");

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

public static void manageStudents(Scanner sc) {

try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(JDBC_URL, JDBC_USER,
JDBC_PASSWORD)) {

System.out.print("Enter Student Name: ");

String studentName = sc.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter Student ID (3-digit number): ");

String studentID = sc.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter Current Semester: ");

int semester = sc.nextInt(); sc.nextLine(); //

Consume newline if (studentID.length() != 3 ||

semester > 8) {

System.out.println("INVALID USER. Access Denied.");

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return;

float cgpa = generateCGPA(semester);

String sql = "INSERT INTO students (student_id, student_name, semester, cgpa)

VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)"; try (PreparedStatement pstmt =

conn.prepareStatement(sql)) { pstmt.setString(1,

studentID);

pstmt.setString(2, studentName);

pstmt.setInt(3, semester); pstmt.setFloat(4,

cgpa); pstmt.executeUpdate();

System.out.printf("Student %s (ID: %s) added with CGPA: %.2f\n", studentName,

studentID, cgpa);

generateReport(cgpa);

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

public static float generateCGPA(int semesters) {

Random rand = new Random();

float sum = 0;

System.out.println("Semester\tGPA"); for (int i = 1; i <= semesters;

i++) { float gpa = 5 + rand.nextFloat() * 5; // Random GPA between 5

and 10 System.out.printf("%d\t%.2f\n", i, gpa); sum += gpa;

return sum / semesters;

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public static void generateReport(float cgpa) {

System.out.println("\nGenerating Report..."); if

(cgpa < 6) {

System.out.println("You are in Second class degree.");

System.out.println("Poor performance. Meet the HOD and attend counseling.");

} else if (cgpa >= 6 && cgpa < 8) {

System.out.println("You are in First class degree. Work hard.");

} else {

System.out.println("You are in First class degree with distinction. Well done!");

SQL QUERY:

CREATE DATABASE student_db;

USE student_db;

CREATE TABLE departments ( dept_id INT

AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, dept_name

VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,

HOD_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL

);

CREATE TABLE courses ( course_id INT

AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, course_name

VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, duration VARCHAR(20),

fees DECIMAL(10,2), description TEXT

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);

CREATE TABLE students ( student_id

VARCHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,

student_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,

semester INT,

cgpa FLOAT

);

OUTPUT:
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CONCLUSION: Thus to implement the design by coding is executed successfully.

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TESTING

AIM: To prepare test plan and test report by performing validation testing, coverage analysis,
develop test case hierarchy for Student Information System.

TEST REPORT 1

Product: Student Information System

Use Case: Select Course

Test Case ID Test Case / Action Expected Actual Result Pass/Fail
to Perform Result

1. After Selecting the Displays ”Enter Sort listing your Pass

Course Portal of the 3 course that courses… 1
the Department applied In Sort DBMS
Listed Order” 2 Data
Structures
3 OOSE
2. After Selecting Displays Course Name: Pass
Particular Course. “Course OOSE
Details” Description:
Duration of this
course is 3
months. Here
you will learn
core topics and
their
implementation.
The course fees
is 30000 INR.
exam and
certificates will
be issued.
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TEST REPORT 2

Product: Student Information System

Use Case: Academic Details

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TEST REPORT 3

Product: Student Information System

Use Case: Select Department

CONCLUSION: Thus the testing for Student Information System is completed successfully.
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COLLABORATION DIAGRAM

AIM: To prepare COLLABORATION DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

COLLABORATION DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the collaboration diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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COMPONENT DIAGRAM

AIM: To prepare COMPONENT DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

COMPONENT DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the component diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM

AIM: To prepare DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM for Student Information System.

DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM:

CONCLUSION: Thus the deployment diagram for Student Information System was drawn
successfully.
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 1. Unit testing
Unit Testing is an important part in Test Driven Development (TDD) as it helps finding
problems in the code as early as possible, especially when you make changes to the existing code
you can run unit tests again to make sure that the changes do not break the application
(regression). You as a programmer - should write and run unit tests to ensure that your code
meets its design and behaves as intended.
And JUnit is one of the most popular unit testing frameworks for Java development. JUnit is
supported by almost any Java IDEs and build tools, thus it is the default choice of programmers
to test their code.
Eclipse has very good support for JUnit - the IDE is shipped with JUnit as its default testing
library. Thus writing and running unit tests with JUnit in Eclipse is quick, easy and productive.

2. Structure of a Test Class

In TDD, the smallest unit can be tested is a method. Typically you write a test class to test a
specific class, and the test class contains some test methods that test the functionalities of the
class being tested. Suppose that we have a class looks like this:
1 public class Calculator {
2 public int add(int a, int b) {
3 return a + b;
4 }
5
6 public int subtract(int a, int b) {
7 return a - b;
8 }
9 }
This Calculator class has two methods add() and subtract(). Now we want to write a test class to
ensure that these methods are working correctly. With JUnit, the test class can have the
following structure:
1 import org.junit.*;
2
3 public class CalculatorTest {
4
5 @BeforeClass
6 public static void setUpClass() {
7 // code executed before all test methods
8 }
9
10 @Before
11 public void setUp() {
12 // code executed before each test method
13 }
14
15 @Test
16 public void testAdd() {
17 // test method
18 }
19
20 @Test
21 public void testSubtract() {
22 // test method
23 }
24
25 @After
26 public void tearDown() {
27 // code executed after each test method
28 }
29
30 @AfterClass
31 public static void tearDownClass() {
32 // code executed after all test methods
33 }
34 }
As you can see, the naming convention for a test class is the name of the class being tested
followed by Test. Hence CalculatorTest is the test class for the Calculator class. The methods are
marked with some JUnit annotations which have special meaning. Let’s understand the
annotations used in this test class from top to bottom:
@BeforeClass:
Code in this method is executed only once, before all test methods in the test class. Typically
you put code that prepares test environment here, e.g. initializing resources such as opening
a database connection. The method marked with this annotation must be static.

@Before:
Code in this method is executed before every test method in the test class. So typically you
put repeated code that must be executed before each test method here.

@Test:
This annotation specifies the annotated method is a test method. You can notice the naming
convention for test method is the method name starts with test, followed by the name of the
method in the class being tested. This Calculator class has two methods add() and subtract(),
hence the test methods are testAdd() and testSubtract().

@After:
Code in this method is executed after every test method in the test class. So typically you put
repeated code that must be executed after each test method here.

@AfterClass:
Code in this method is executed only once, after all test methods in the test class. Due to this
behavior, you can put code to clean up test environment here, e.g. closing the database
connection. Note that this kind of method must be static.
Except the test methods, the other kinds of method are optional. So you implement them in the
test class only if it is necessary.
NOTE:
The above-mentioned annotations are in JUnit 4. From JUnit 5, @BeforeClass changes
to @BeforeAll; @Before changes to @BeforeEach; @After changes to @AfterEach;
and @AfterClass changes to @AfterAll. This change in JUnit 5 reflects better meaning of the
annotations. So with JUnit 5, the structure of a test class looks like this:
1 import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
2
3 public class CalculatorTest {
4
5 @BeforeAll
6 public static void setUpClass() {
7 // code executed before all test methods
8 }
9
10 @BeforeEach
11 public void setUp() {
12 // code executed before each test method
13 }
14
15 @Test
16 public void testAdd() {
17 // test method
18 }
19
20 @Test
21 public void testSubtract() {
22 // test method
23 }
24
25 @AfterEach
26 public void tearDown() {
27 // code executed after each test method
28 }
29
30 @AfterAll
31 public static void tearDownClass() {
32 // code executed after all test methods
33 }
34 }
Also note that in JUnit 4, you need to import the annotations from the org.junit package, but in
JUnit 5 you need to import them from the org.junit.jupiter.api package.

3. Using Assert Statement in Test Methods

In a test method, we use an assert statement to verify whether the code under test produces the
result as expected or not. If the result is as expected, the tested code passes the test case.
Otherwise the tested code fails the test case.
For example, write code for the testAdd() method as below:
1 @Test
2 public void testAdd() {
3 Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
4 int a = 1234;
5 int b = 5678;
6 int actual = calculator.add(a, b);
7
8 int expected = 6912;
9
10 assertEquals(expected, actual);
11 }
Here, we use the assertEquals() method from the class org.junit.Assert via static import:
1 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
The assertEquals() method compares two values: the expected result and the actual value
returned from the tested code.
If the two values are equal, the method returns normally indicating the tested code passes the test
case.
If the two values are not equal, the method throws java.lang.AssertionError indicating the tested
code fails the test case. And programmers must fix the code until it passes the test case.
You can also specify a message which will be printed in the exception if the code fails, for
example:
1 assertEquals("Sum is not correct", expected, actual);
JUnit provides many assertXXX() methods, and here are some commonly used ones:

 assertEquals(expected, actual): asserts that two values are equal. The values can be of
any primitive types or Objects.

 assertNotEquals(expected, actual): asserts that two arguments are not equal. The values
can be of any primitive types or Object.

 assertTrue(boolean condition): asserts that a condition is true.

 assertFalse(boolean condition): asserts that a condition is false.

 assertNull(Object): asserts that an object is null.

 assertNotNull(Object): asserts that an object is not null.

 assertSame(Object expected, Object actual): asserts that two objects refer to the same
object.
 assertNotSame(Object unexpected, Object actual): asserts that two objects do not refer
to the same object.

Note that all assertXXX() are static methods of the org.junit.Assert class, and each method has
an overload that allows you to specify an error message to be printed in case of failure, for
example:
assertTrue(String message, boolean condition):
Also you can use the fail() method to fail the test immediately, for example:
1 @Test
2 public void testSubtract() {
3 fail("Not yet implemented");
4 }
Use the fail() method to indicate that a method is not yet implemented so when the test class is
executed, it will fail.

4. How to Create and Run JUnit Test Case in Eclipse

Eclipse supports both JUnit 4 and JUnit 5 (JUnit Jupiter). You don’t have to download JUnit
JAR files as Eclipse is shipped with JUnit library. Suppose that the current project in Eclipse has
the Calculator class like this:
1 public class Calculator {
2 public int add(int a, int b) {
3 return a + b;
4 }
5
6 public int subtract(int a, int b) {
7 return a - b;
8 }
9 }
Now let’s create a test class for this class. In the Project Explorer/Package Explorer view, right
click on the class and click New > Other…

In the New dialog, choose Java > JUnit > JUnit Test Case:
Here, you can choose the version of JUnit to use: New JUnit 3 test, New JUnit 4 test or New
Junit Jupiter test (JUnit 5). You should choose the source folder for the test class different than
the main source folder to separate test classes from normal classes.

 The name of the test class is suggested by the naming convention, but you can change if you
want.
 Check the checkbox setUpBeforeClass() to create the method annotated
with @BeforeClass / @BeforeAll annotation.
 Check the checkbox tearDownAfterClass() to create the method annotated
with @AfterClass / @AfterAll annotation.
 Check the checkbox setUp() to create the method annotated with @Before / @BeforeEach
annotation.
 Check the checkbox tearDown() to create the method annotated with @After / @AfterEach
annotation.
 And the class under test is the class you have right clicked on, but you can choose another
class if you want.

Click Next to choose which methods in the tested class to create test methods for. Here
we choose both methods of the Calculator class:
Click Finish. Eclipse generates code for the test class as follows:
1 package net.codejava;
2
3 import static org.junit.Assert.*;
4
5 import org.junit.Test;
6
7 public class CalculatorTest {
8
9 @Test
10 public void testAdd() {
11 fail("Not yet implemented");
12 }
13
14 @Test
15 public void testSubtract() {
16 fail("Not yet implemented");
17 }
18 }
As you can see, the test methods fail by default. Write code for the testAdd() method like this:
1 @Test
2 public void testAdd() {
3 Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
4 int a = 1234;
5 int b = 5678;
6 int actual = calculator.add(a, b);
7
8 int expected = 6912;
9
10 assertEquals(expected, actual);
11 }
To run this test method, open the Outline view (Window > Show View > Outline), right
click on the testAdd() method and click Run As > JUnit Test:

The test result appears in JUnit view like this:

You can see the green indicator bar in the upper-right corner indicating that the test case has
been executed successfully - the code under test passes the test case.
If the test fails, the status indicator becomes red and the failure trace is printed:

This is the result of running the testSubtract() method, it fails because of the fail() method. Now
implement code for this method like this:
@Test
public void testSubtract() {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
int a = 1234;
int b = 5678;
int actual = calculator.subtract(b, a);

int expected = 4444;

assertEquals(expected, actual);
}