MDC221-2C : Basic Statistical Techniques

Question Bank
 MCQs / Short questions.

1) What is the mean of the following set of numbers: 4, 8, 6, 5, 3?

a. 5 b. 5.2 c. 5.5 d. 6
2) The median of a data set represents ____
a. The most frequent value c. The middle value when the data is ordered
b. The average of all values d. The range of the data set
3) For a data set {2, 4, 4, 6, 8, 10}, the mode is 4
4) The arithmetic mean of a set of values is also known as the average.
5) If the mean of a data set is 30 and the sum of all data values is 300, how many data values are in the
set? 10

6) Which measure of central tendency can be used with ordinal data?

a. Mean b. Median c. Mode d. Range
7) If all values in a data set are the same, which of the following is true?
a. The mean is greater than the median
b. The median is greater than the mode
c. The mean, median, and mode are all equal
d. The mean and mode are equal, but the median is different
8) Define the mean of a data set.
The mean, or arithmetic average, is the sum of all the values in a data set divided by the
number of values in the set.

9) Explain why the mode is useful in data sets with categorical data.
The mode is useful in categorical data because it identifies the most frequently occurring
category or value, providing a measure of central tendency that can be applied to non-
numeric data.

10) If the data set {17, 18, 7, 8, 10, 12} is adjusted so that each number is multiplied by 2, what is the new
median?
{17 × 2, 18 × 2, 7 × 2, 8 × 2, 10 × 2, 12 × 2}
= {34, 36, 14, 16, 20, 24}
Arrange these numbers in ascending order:
{14, 16, 20, 24, 34, 36}
The two middle numbers are 20 and 24.
To calculate the median: (20 + 24) ÷ 2 = 44 ÷ 2 = 22

11) The mean of a data set is 50, and the sum of all the values is 600. How many values are in the data set?
Mean = Sum of all values ÷ Number of values
50 = 600 ÷ n
n = 12

12) Given the data set {3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3}, what are the mean, median, and mode?
a. Mean = 3, Median = 3, Mode = 3 c. Mean = 3, Median = 3, Mode = None
b. Mean = 3, Median = None, Mode = 3 d. Mean = 3, Median = 3, Mode = None
13) For the data set {10, 20, 20, 20, 30, 40}, what is the median?
Arrange the numbers in order: {10, 20, 20, 20, 30, 40}
Count the total values: 6 (an even number)
For an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle numbers.
The two middle numbers are the 3rd and 4th in the ordered list: 20 and 20
Calculate the average: (20 + 20) ÷ 2 = 40 ÷ 2 = 20

14) Mean deviation can be computed from ______

a. arithmetic mean b. mode c. median d. variance

15) Which of the following is a measure of variation?

a. Standard deviation b. mid range c. mode d. median

16) The average of a series of numerical values is _______.

a. The sum of the values divided by their number
b. Lower than the minimum value in the series
c. Lower than the maximum value in the series
d. An indicator of central tendency for the values of the series

17) Standard deviation ______.

a. is the square root of variance
b. is measured using the unit of the variable
c. is measured using the squared unit of the variable
d. has values generally comparable with the average value

18) If the average of a series of values is 10 and their variance is 4, then the coefficient of
variation is
a. 40% b. 20% c. 80% d. 10%

19) If sum of 20 values is 300 then mean of the data is ______.

a. 15 b. 20 c. 30 d. 300

20) All of the following are true for measure of dispersion except _____
a. Mean b. Inter-quartile range c. Range d. Variance

21) First step in calculating median is ____

a. Calculate range b. Arrange data c. Count the data d. None

22) A measure of dispersion of a set of observations in which it is calculated by the difference between the
highest and lowest values produced is called _____.
a. Standard deviation b. Range c. Variance d. Mode

23) Write the formula to find the arithmetic mean.

∑𝒙
AM (𝒙) =
𝒏

24) Log mn = ____

a. m log n b. log m + log n c. log (m/n) d. n log m
25) Calculate Harmonic mean of 18,12,16.
x 1/x HM =
18 0.0555 ∑
12 0.0833 HM = 3/0.2013
16 0.0625
HM = 14.903
1
𝑥
= 0.2013

26) Find the median, if L = 120, N = 50, cf = 20, f = 25 and i = 20.

𝑵
𝒄𝒇
Median = L + 𝟐
Xi
𝒇
𝟓𝟎
𝟐𝟎
= 120 + 𝟐
X 20
𝟐𝟓
(𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟎)
= 120 + X 20
𝟐𝟓
(𝟓)
= 120 + X 20
𝟐𝟓
𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 120 +
𝟐𝟓
= 120 + 4
= 124

27) Calculate mode, if L = 11, f = 25, f 1 = 21, f2 = 15 and i = 1

(𝒇 𝒇𝟏 )
Mode = L + Xi
𝟐𝒇 𝒇𝟏 𝒇𝟐

(𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟏)
= 11 + X1
𝟓𝟎 𝟐𝟏 𝟏𝟓
(𝟒)
= 11 + X1
𝟑𝟔
= 11 + 0.28 = 11.28

28) Which are the types of variability?

1. Biological variability 2. Real variability 3. Experiment variability

29) Calculate the range for the given data: 2.5, 0.4, 5.8, 1.9, 3.4, 0.5
Range = Highest value – Lowest value
Range = 5.8 – 0.4 = 5.4

30) Calculate the coefficient of range for given data: 12, 5, 8, 20, 10, 15, 18
Coefficient of range = H – L /H + L
= 20 – 5/ 20 + 5
= 15/25 = 0.6

31) Calculate mean deviation, if ∑ 𝑑𝑥 = 35 and N = 5

Mean deviation = ∑ 𝒅𝒙/𝑵 = 35/5 = 7

32) Calculate coefficient of mean deviation, if M.D = 6 and mean = 21.

coefficient of mean deviation = M.D/mean = 6/21 = 0.285

33) Calculate coefficient of variance, if standard deviation = 50 and mean = 5.

coefficient of variance = SD/mean X 100
= 50/5 X 100 = 1000

34) Calculate quartile deviation, if standard deviation is 5/3.

QD = 2/3 X 5/3 = 10/9
35) Calculate quartile deviation, if mean deviation is 3/7.
QD = 5/6 X 3/7 = 5/14

36) Calculate mean deviation, if standard deviation is 2/9.

M.D = 4/5 X 2/9 = 8/45

37) Calculate standard deviation, if mean deviation is 6/7.

SD = 5/4 X 6/7 = 15/14

38) Calculate Geometric mean for 5, 9, 11, 18, 20.

𝑳𝒐𝒈 𝒙
GM = Antilog
𝒏
Step 1: Take the logarithm of each number
We'll use common logarithms (base 10) for this example:
log(5) ≈ 0.6990
log(9) ≈ 0.9542
log(11) ≈ 1.0414
log(18) ≈ 1.2553
log(20) ≈ 1.3010
Step 2: Sum these logarithms
0.6990 + 0.9542 + 1.0414 + 1.2553 + 1.3010 = 5.2509
Step 3: Divide by the number of values (5)
5.2509 ÷ 5 = 1.05018
Step 4: Take the antilogarithm (10x)
101.05018 ≈ 11.2249

OR
𝒏
GM = (𝒙𝟏 . 𝒙𝟐 . 𝒙𝟑 … . . 𝒙𝒏 )
Step 1: Multiply the numbers
5 × 9 × 11 × 18 × 20 = 178,200
Step 2: Take the 5th root (since there are 5 numbers)
𝟓
Geometric Mean = √𝟏𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟎
Using a calculator:
Geometric Mean ≈ 11.2249
  Descriptive questions (5 marks each)
1) Calculate AM, GM and HM for 2, 7, 9, 12, 15, 20
2) Calculate AM, GM and HM for 3.4, 6.2, 7.8, 10.6, 12.9, 19.9, 22.2
3) Calculate AM, GM and HM for 1.65, 2.89, 3.57, 4.69, 5.55, 6.99, 7.25
4) Calculate mean, from the following data
Age (x) 18-20 21-23 24-26 27-29 30-32 33-35 36-38
Child (f) 15 22 27 30 18 9 4

5) From the following distribution of data, calculate the mean by using short-cut method.
Class (x) 10 20 30 40 50 60
Frequencies (f) 3 7 12 15 9 8

6) From the following distribution of data, calculate the mean by using step deviation method.
Marks (x) 10 20 30 40 50 60
No. of students (f) 5 8 22 14 7 4

7) Find the G.M for the following data, which gives the defective screws obtained in a factory.
Diameter (cm) 5 15 25 35 45 55
No. of defective screws 2 5 11 14 25 12

8) The following is the distribution of marks obtained by 100 students in a subject in an institution. Find
the Geometric mean.
Marks (x) 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40
No. of students (f) 6 10 18 30 21 8 7

9) Find median of daily wages of employees in hospital:

Wage (x) 150 170 190 210 230 250
No. of employee (f) 5 11 9 21 5 9

10) Calculate the median from following data:

Wage (x) 80-100 100-120 120-140 140-160 160-180 180-200
No. of worker (f) 8 12 16 12 8 4

11) Given median = 50.4, N = 60. Find the missing term.

Marks (x) 40-44 44-48 48-52 52-56 56-60
No. of students (f) 8 10 20 x 7

12) Calculate mode for following data:

Class 12-14 14-16 16-18 18-20 20-22 22-24 24-26 26-28
Frequency 8 12 15 25 18 11 8 7

13) Calculate the inter quartile range, quartile deviation and coefficient of quartile deviation, from the
following table giving the heights of students.
Height (inches) 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
No. of students (f) 21 25 28 18 20 22 24 23 18

14) Find the mean deviation and coefficient of mean deviation from the following data:
10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45

15) Find the mean deviation and coefficient of mean deviation from the following data:
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 2 5 8 15 20
16) In a survey of 150 families in a village, the following distribution of ages of children was found:
Age 0-2 2-4 4-6 6-8 8-10
No. of families 40 32 25 23 30

17) Find mean deviation, standard deviation and quartile deviation from the following data:
10, 16, 22, 34, 42, 58, 70
18) Find mean deviation, standard deviation and quartile deviation from the following data:
11.4, 18.6, 29.0, 19.8. 25.7, 27.6, 28.9
19) Find the standard deviation, variance and coefficient of variance from the following data:
10, 15, 25, 30, 35, 40, 55
20) Find the standard deviation, variance and coefficient of variance from the following data:
10, 21, 27, 36, 45, 53