OS

●How would you explain what an operating system is in simple terms?

●What is the heart of operating system and why is it important?
●Can you describe how a computer starts up, either with Windows or another
operating system?
●What are RUN levels in booting process?
●What are the different stages a computer goes through during startup?
●What are deadlocks, and how can they be prevented?
●How would you explain the difference between context switching and swapping?
●What steps would you take to troubleshoot a slow computer?
●Why is paging used in operating systems, and what does it involve?
●How would you run a 7GB game on a system with only 4GB of RAM? Explain the
process.
●What are zombie and orphan processes?
●What is virtualization, and how does it work?
●What is a Process Control Block, and can you give an example?

What is bios process

Sure, here are some questions related to Layer 1-3 (DHCP/IP):
1. Can you explain the four-step process involved in DHCP and what happens at each
step?
2. What are DHCP leases, and how do they work?
3. Why does DHCP use UDP as the transport protocol, and what are the default port
numbers used by DHCP?
4. Explain the concept of CIDR and its significance in IP addressing.
5. Differentiate between a gateway and a subnet.
6. How does subnetting help in network management?
7. What are the five classes of IP addresses, and how are they different from each
other?
8. Can you explain the difference between public and private IP addresses? Give
examples.
9. What is NAT, and how does it facilitate communication between private and
public networks?
10. Describe the differences between broadcast, unicast, and multicast
communication in networking.
11. How does the ping utility work, and what information does it provide?
12. Explain how the traceroute utility traces the path of packets from a source to
a destination.
13. What is APIPA, and under what circumstances is it used?
14. How can a DHCP server be configured to assign the same IP address to a
particular client every time?
15. During the DHCP process, how does the client's source IP address change, and
why?
16. What role does the subnet mask play in IP addressing, and how is it related to
CIDR notation?
17. Can you explain the difference between ARP and DHCP?
18. Describe the purpose and function of the OSI model in networking.
19. How does DHCP prevent IP address conflicts on a network?
20. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using static IP addressing versus
dynamic IP addressing?

OS - Option to choose between windows and Linux Booting process of Linux Different
Linux Commands Process Memory Management Troubleshoot scenarios Programing is easy
to medium level - Reverse String, Palindrome

1. Introduce yourself 2. He asked me to choose an OS and then asked about its

booting process. 3. Types of CPU Scheduling 4. Troubleshoot a PC Working slowly. 5.
Questions on Task manager. 6. Troubleshoot PC overheating. 7. What is virtual
memory,paging,segmentation? 8. Asked a programming question on array and we need to
at least give the logic to qualify that round which I couldn't do it.

Tech interview 1: Questions based on OS(Memory management, paging, virtual memory,

deadlock, semaphores, File management, etc), booting process of windows/linux,
basic troubleshooting steps to solve issues, one coding question of the easiest
level. 3. Tech interview 2: Questions based on Networking( diff. between OSI and
TCP/IP and explain each layer in brief, DHCP protocol, all the protocols in network
layer in detail, how IP packets move from host to destination, port numbers of
various basic protocols, status codes of http, three way handshake, flow controls
in transport layer, congestion control in transport layer, study IP in detail,
networking commands to troubleshoot network issues, DNS) 4. Managerial round: They
ask questions like "what were the problems you faced? what did you do to tackle
this issue? what kind of feedback you recieved? what would you do if ___ problem
arises?" in your projects or internship. Now they expect you to answer these
questions in a STAR format (google it if you dont know about this). Moreover amazon
have 14-15 leadership principles that they adhere to and make sure to slide in
these leadership principles during answering their questions

●SSH (Secure Shell): How SSH operates, including the protocols and ports it
utilizes, the algorithms behind its encryption, and its practical applications and
commands.
●HTTP/HTTPs : Differences between HTTP and HTTPS, the process of transitioning from
HTTP to HTTPS, their respective use cases and protocols, and the associated ports.
●NAT — A detailed explanation of NAT , covering its functioning, the ports
involved, and the layer at which this protocol operates.
●Explain what happens when i try to connect new laptop to the Internet. DHCP-DORA
process in detail.
●SSL-Explain SSL handshake and its use-case.
●What happens when you type amazon.com on web-browser-concept of DNS.
●Scenario- where I couldn’t connect to Amazon.com while others could. discuss
troubleshooting strategies, emphasize familiarity with relevant commands and their
application.
●How will you get the Ip address of amazon.com?
●How will you know which ports nearby you are open?
●Difference between the router and switch?
●TCP/IP connection establishment with the browser and the process involved in
detail.
●What happens first TCP/IP or HTTP/HTTPS and how it works?
●How can you protect your website and if too much traffic has been ingested into
your website , whats this process is called and how can you
stop/troubleshoot/prevent this?
●How will you check the connectivity of your system with the internet-(PING
command) , which protocol is used in PING and how it works. on which layer of OSI
model PING works?
●Difference between RIP and BGP?
●What is TCP and UDP , explain the difference between the two with example of use-
case.
●Difference between buffer and cache with example.
●How SSL certificate is verified at the client side- while SSL handshake?
●What happens if you didn’t got any IP address from DHCP , when can this happen?
●What is subnetting, how it works and why its required?
●learn about — RDP, OSI model , FTP , Firewall and VPN.
●networking commands:- ifconfig, ssh , netstat, nmap, telnet, ping, dig ,etc
●memory and cpu usage commands like :- top, cat, ps-aux, df-h, kill , etc
some user management commands.
●Meeting Commitments: Have you ever found yourself unable to fulfill a commitment
you made? How did you handle the situation, and what were the consequences?
●Working under Tight Deadlines: Can you recall a time when you had to work under a
tight deadline? Describe the scenario, how you managed it, and what the outcome
was.
●Dealing with Negative Feedback: Have you ever received negative feedback? How did
you react to it and what steps did you take to address it?
●Customer Satisfaction: Describe a time when you went above and beyond to ensure
customer satisfaction. Provide details of the situation and your actions.
●Best Project Experience: Reflect on your best project experience. What was your
role, and why do you consider it your best project?
●Handling Conflicts: Have you ever faced conflicts during a project? How did you
handle them and what was the outcome?
●Missing a Deadline: Share a time when you failed to meet a deadline. What were the
repercussions, and how did you handle the situation?
●Stepping out of Comfort Zone: Describe an instance when you stepped out of your
comfort zone. What prompted this decision, and what did you learn from the
experience?

Key Learnings from the Interview:

●Respect Each Round Equally: It’s crucial not to underestimate any round of the
interview process, as each one contributes significantly to the final outcome. From
technical assessments to behavioral inquiries, every stage is essential.
●Authenticity Matters: It’s essential to remain true to yourself throughout the
interview process. Instead of worrying about how you’ll be perceived, focus on
articulating your experiences and capabilities honestly.
●Preparation is Key: Attempting to fabricate stories on the spot won’t suffice.
It’s imperative to prepare thoroughly beforehand, anticipating potential questions
and crafting thoughtful responses. Interviewers are adept at discerning
authenticity, so genuine preparation is essential.
●Stay Calm and Confident: It’s natural to feel apprehensive during interviews,
especially when faced with unfamiliar scenarios. However, it’s vital to remain
composed and confident in your abilities. If a question stumps you or pertains to
an unfamiliar experience, simply acknowledge it honestly, and move forward.

Booting Process in Detail.

Booting Process troubleshooting.
Bootable Device not found. Troubleshoot it.
SSH connection troubleshooting.
How do you check which ports are listening?
The device is slowing down, Troubleshoot it.
Commands to check for CPU Utilization.
TOP and SAR command in detail.
Paging Concept.
What are System calls?
Explain about fork().
Explain the Process life cycle or Process States.
How to check for Disk Free space.
I have disk space available but the file is not getting created. Why?
Explain the importance of inodes.
The device is Heating up. Troubleshoot it.
How do PING and TRACERT commands work?
Explain what happens when www.amazon.com is clicked.
Explain DHCP DORA Process.
Write a program for printing the permutations of a string.

Introduce yourself.
Explain DHCP and DORA processes in detail.
What is APIPA?
Which messages are Broadcast and Unicast in DORA? Why?
Different types of IP Address allocations in DHCP.
Will my computer get the same IP address allocated every time?
Role of the Router in the separation of Broadcast Domains.
DNS Query Process.
What happens if we type www.amazon.com. This time, the interview went into depth
about the process of questioning various aspects.
What are ports and port numbers?
Do different tabs making queries in the browser use different port numbers?
TCP handshake in detail.
Problem on Sequence numbers and Acknowledgement numbers.
What is SSL. Explain about Digital Certificates and TLS Handshake.
Problem on IP Addressing at the sender, gateway and destination.
Packet Tracing.
How do we check IP address and Gateway and DNS Server addresses of our device.

Introduce Yourself.
Detailed discussion about Projects.
Tell me about a time when you handled a task within tight deadlines.
Tell me about a time when you failed a deadline.
Tell me about a time when you did something out of your comfort zone.
Tell me how you handled you non-supportive team members in your team.
Tell me about a time when you had to take a decision on the spot.
Tell me about a time when you had to take critical feedback.
Asked me about my interests in competitive programming.
Explain Competitive Programming.
Tell me about a time when you spent a lot of time in solving a problem.
Tell me about a time when you didn’t get the solution even after putting in effort.
Did you ever ask your peers for help when you were stuck.
How did you develop interest on Competitive Programming.
How comfortable are you with learning new concepts.
How adaptable are you with entering the Networking sphere.
Any Questions for me?

1st round (Networking+ Behavioural ) :

Behavioural questions based on customer obsession ( How would handle angry customer
).
SSH troubleshooting scenario-based question.
How DNS works in detail
Server connectivity issue troubleshooting question.
The interviewer is pretty nice, he was directing me towards answers in case I am
stuck on something. He would constantly encourage you to perform well.

2nd Round (Purely Behavioural ):

Tell me about the situation when you failed to meet deadlines for a project.
Tell me about your greatest working achievement.
Tell me about the time when you mentored someone while working.
The interviewer was senior-level manager, he was very specific while asking a
question. you can expect more questions based on your answer or scenarios explained
so be honest while answering so that cross-question won't affect your performance.
15 minutes break.
3rd Round ( Linux + Behavioural ):
SSH troubleshooting on machine level using Linux tools.
Swap partition
How Linux boots up
How would you troubleshoot slow Linux system.
Changing Linux Process Priority
Analyzing Linux Server Performance
Even if you don't know the commands in details, make sure you have the basics clear
about Linux concepts. He even asked me some behavioural question from the standard
amazon behavioural question pool.

4th Round ( Purely behavioural with hiring manager ):

Tell me about the situation when you took the wrong decision, how did you overcome
it.
Tell me about one of your best projects.
Internship work-related questions mostly your approach towards work.
Some more standard behavioural question from the question pool.

●How would you explain what an operating system is in simple terms?

●What is the heart of operating system and why is it important?
●Can you describe how a computer starts up, either with Windows or another
operating system?
●What are RUN levels in booting process?
●What are the different stages a computer goes through during startup?
●What are deadlocks, and how can they be prevented?
●How would you explain the difference between context switching and swapping?
●What steps would you take to troubleshoot a slow computer?
●Why is paging used in operating systems, and what does it involve?
●How would you run a 7GB game on a system with only 4GB of RAM? Explain the
process.
●What are zombie and orphan processes?
●What is virtualization, and how does it work?
●What is a Process Control Block, and can you give an example?

After an in-depth exploration of operating systems, the interviewer transitioned to

basic Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) questions, offering the flexibility to
use any language for explanations. Here’s a glimpse into the questions posed:

●What is a constructor in Python, and how does it work?

●Does Python support arrays? Elaborate on this.
●Write a simple Python program to determine if two strings are anagrams.
●Develop a Python program to find the maximum and second maximum from a list of
integers.

●SSH (Secure Shell): How SSH operates, including the protocols and ports it
utilizes, the algorithms behind its encryption, and its practical applications and
commands.
●HTTP/HTTPs : Differences between HTTP and HTTPS, the process of transitioning from
HTTP to HTTPS, their respective use cases and protocols, and the associated ports.
●NAT — A detailed explanation of NAT , covering its functioning, the ports
involved, and the layer at which this protocol operates.
●Explain what happens when i try to connect new laptop to the Internet. DHCP-DORA
process in detail.
●SSL-Explain SSL handshake and its use-case.
●What happens when you type amazon.com on web-browser-concept of DNS.
●Scenario- where I couldn’t connect to Amazon.com while others could. discuss
troubleshooting strategies, emphasize familiarity with relevant commands and their
application.
●How will you get the ip address of amazon.com?
●How will you know which ports nearby you are open?
●Difference between the router and switch?
●TCP/IP connection establishment with the browser and the process involved in
detail.
●What happens first TCP/IP or HTTP/HTTPS and how it works?
●How can you protect your website and if too much traffic has been ingested into
your website , whats this process is called and how can you
stop/troubleshoot/prevent this?
●How will you check the connectivity of your system with the internet-(PING
command) , which protocol is used in PING and how it works. on which layer of OSI
model PING works?
●Difference between RIP and BGP?
●What is TCP and UDP , explain the difference between the two with example of use-
case.
●Difference between buffer and cache with example.
●How SSL certificate is verified at the client side- while SSL handshake?
●What happens if you didn’t got any IP address from DHCP , when can this happen?
●What is subnetting, how it works and why its required?
●learn about — RDP, OSI model , FTP, Firewall and VPN.
●networking commands:- ifconfig, ssh , netstat, nmap, telnet, ping, dig ,etc
●memory and cpu usage commands like :- top, cat, ps-aux, df-h, kill , etc
some user management commands.

●Meeting Commitments: Have you ever found yourself unable to fulfill a commitment
you made ? How did you handle the situation, and what were the consequences?
●Working under Tight Deadlines: Can you recall a time when you had to work under a
tight deadline? Describe the scenario, how you managed it, and what the outcome
was.
●Dealing with Negative Feedback: Have you ever received negative feedback? How did
you react to it and what steps did you take to address it?
●Customer Satisfaction: Describe a time when you went above and beyond to ensure
customer satisfaction. Provide details of the situation and your actions.
●Best Project Experience: Reflect on your best project experience. What was your
role, and why do you consider it your best project?
●Handling Conflicts: Have you ever faced conflicts during a project? How did you
handle them and what was the outcome?
●Missing a Deadline: Share a time when you failed to meet a deadline. What were the
repercussions, and how did you handle the situation?
●Stepping out of Comfort Zone: Describe an instance when you stepped out of your
comfort zone. What prompted this decision, and what did you learn from the
experience?