Elevator

objectives
1. Identify parts of the
elevator
2. DIFFERENTIATE TYPES OF
ELEVATOR
 - are devices that move people and goods
vertically within a dedicated shaft that
connects the floors of the building.

Elevator
- they became commonplace in the 1850's as
steel and iron structural frames allowed
taller construction.

- it was Elisha Otis's safety mechanism that

prevented the car from falling that made
elevator popular.
TYPES OF ELEVATOR
A. Hydraulic elevator
- are supported by a piston at the bottom of the elevator that
pushes the elevator up as an electric motor forces oil or
another hydraulic fluid into the piston. The elevator
descends as a valve releases the fluid from the piston.
- they are used for low-rise applications of 2-8 stories and
travel at a maximum speed of 200 feet per minute.
- the machine room for hydraulic elevators is located at the
lowest level adjacent to the elevator shaft..
Parts of Hydraulic elevator
1. Hole (Conventional) hydraulic
elevators
- have a sheave that extends below the floor
of the elevator pit, which accepts the
retracting piston as the elevator descends.
Some configurations have a telescoping
piston that collapses and requires a shallower
hole below the pit. Max travel distance is
approximately 60 feet
 2. Hole-less hydraulic
elevators
- have a piston on either side of the cab. In
this configuration, the telescoping pistons are
fixed at the base of the pit and do not require
a sheave or hole below the pit. Telescoping
pistons allow up to 50 feet of travel distance.
Non-telescoping pistons only allow about 20
feet of travel distance.
3. Roped hydraulic elevators
- use a combination of ropes and a piston to
move the elevator. Maximum travel distance
is about 60 feet.
b. Traction elevators
with machine room
- are lifted by ropes, which pass over a wheel attached to an electric
motor above the elevator shaft.
- they are used for mid and high-rise applications and have much higher
travel speeds than hydraulic elevators.
- a counter weight makes the elevators more efficient by offsetting the
weight of the car and occupants so that the motor doesn't have to
move as much weight.
1. Geared traction elevators
- have a gearbox that is attached to the
motor, which drives the wheel that moves the
ropes. Geared traction elevators are capable
of travel speeds up to 500 feet per minute.
The maximum travel distance for a geared
traction elevator is around 250 feet.
 2. Gear-less traction
elevators
- have the wheel attached directly to the
motor. Gear-less traction elevators are
capable of speeds up to 2,000 feet per minute
and they have a maximum travel distance of
around 2,000 feet so they are the only choice
for high-rise applications.
Parts of gearless traction elevator
C. Machine-room-less
(mrl) elevators
- are traction elevators that do not have a dedicated machine room
above the elevator shaft. The machine sits in the override space and
is accessed from the top of the elevator cab when maintenance or
repairs are required.
- The control boxes are located in a control room that is adjacent to
the elevator shaft on the highest landing and within around 150 feet
of the machine.
C. Machine-room-less
(mrl) elevators
- have a maximum travel distance of up to 250 feet and can travel at
speeds up to 500 feet-per-minute.
- MRL elevators are comparable to geared traction elevators in
terms of initial and maintenance costs, but they have relatively low
energy consumption compared to geared elevators.
Uses of elevators
1. Passenger service - is designed to move people between
a building's floor
2. Freight elevators - or a goodslift, is designed to carry
goods rather than passengers
3. Stage lifts - stage or orchestra lifts are specialized lifts,
typically powered by hydraulics, that are used
to lift entire section of a theater stage
4. Vehicle elevators - are used within buildings or areas
within limited space, typically to move
cars into the parking garage or
manufacturer'sstorage
5. Boat elevators - in some smaller canals, boats and small
ships can pass between different levels of a
canal with boat lift rather than through a
canal lock
6. Aircraft elevators - aircraft carriers, carry aircraft
between the flight deck and hangar
deck for operations and repairs
7. Residential elevator - residential elevator is often
permitted to be lower cost and
complexity that full commercial
elevators
8. Dumbwaiter - are small freight elevators that are intended to
carry food. They often link kitchen with rooms
on other floors.
9. Paternoster - constantly moving chains of boxes. Similar
concept, called the manlift or humanlift,
moves only a small platform, which the rider
mounts while using a handhold
10. Scissor lift - most of these lifts are self-contained, these
lifts can be easily moved to where they are
needed
11. Rack-and- pinion lift
- are powered by a motor driving a pinion gear. They are
most used type of lift for buildings under construction (to
move materials and tools up and down)

12. Material handling belts and belts elevators

- used to transport material. It generally consist of an
inclined plane on which a conveyor belts runs. The conveyor
often includes partitions to prevent the material from
sliding backwards. Often used in industrial and agricultural
applications.
Parts of elevator car
General controls
1. Space to stand in, guardrails, seating cushion(luxury)
2. Overload sensor - prevents the elevator from moving until excess load
has been removed. It may trigger voice prompts or
buzzer alarm.
3. Electric fans or air conditioning units to enhance circulation and comfort
4. Call buttons to choose floor. Some of these may be key switches (to conrol
access).
5. A set of doors kept locked on each floor to prevent unintentional access to
elevators shaft by the unsuspecting individual.
6. A stop switch to halt the elevator while in motion and often used to hold an
elevator open while freight is loaded.
7. An alarm buttton or switch, which passenger can used as a signal that they
have been trapped in the elevator
8. Some elevators have one or more of the following:
THANK YOU!!!
-cj & rica
Activity time!!!!
1. It is a device that move people and goods vertically
within a dedicated shaft connects the floors of a
building
2. Who made a safety mechanism that prevented the cars
from falling that made elevators popular.
3-7 Give at least 5 uses of elevators
8-10 Give the 3 types of elevator