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Assignment - 3

The document outlines a series of fluid mechanics problems related to air flow through converging-diverging nozzles and normal shock waves. Each question requires calculations involving parameters such as pressure, temperature, Mach number, and area under isentropic flow conditions. The problems are designed to test the understanding of fluid dynamics principles and the application of relevant equations.

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41 views2 pages

Assignment - 3

The document outlines a series of fluid mechanics problems related to air flow through converging-diverging nozzles and normal shock waves. Each question requires calculations involving parameters such as pressure, temperature, Mach number, and area under isentropic flow conditions. The problems are designed to test the understanding of fluid dynamics principles and the application of relevant equations.

Uploaded by

ishikamandal2023
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment-3

Subject: Fluid Mechanics-II


Code: ME 221
Section: B
Question 1: Air flows in a converging diverging nozzle from a reservoir maintained at 20 0 C and
500 kPa absolute. The throat and exit diameters are 50 mm and 150 mm, respectively. What two
receiver pressures will result in M = 1 at the throat if isentropic flow occurs throughout? Use
equations only.
Question 2: Air enters a converging-diverging nozzle from a reservoir at 200 kPa (gage) and
22 0 C . The area at the throat is 9.7 cm2, and at the exit it is 0.13 m2. Considering isentropic flow
throughout with M = 1 at the throat, determine the velocity of air at the nozzle exit.

Question 3: Air flows from a reservoir, maintained at 20 0 C and 2 MPa absolute, and exits from
a nozzle with Me = 4. The receiver pressure is then raised until the flow is just subsonic throughout
the entire nozzle. Calculate this receiver pressure.

Question 4: Consider isentropic air flow from a reservoir (where p0 = 600 kPa, T0 = 30 0 C ) through
a converging-diverging nozzle. At a section in the converging part of the nozzle before the throat,
the Mach number is 0.50, and the cross-sectional area is 0.00124 m2.
(a) If the area at the throat is 0.001 m2, calculate the pressure, temperature, and velocity at the
throat.
(b) If M = 1 at the throat, what should be the receiver pressure be to just produce supersonic
flow at the exit?
(c) If the Mach number is 2.0 at the exit, what should be the exit area and the mass flux?
Question 5: The pressure, temperature, and velocity before a normal shock wave are 80 kPa, 278
K and 900 m/s, respectively. Calculate M1, M2, p2, T2 and 2 for air. Use:

(a) Basic equations


(b) The normal shock table

Question 6: Air flows from a 20 0 C reservoir to the atmosphere through a nozzle with a 50 mm
diameter throat and a 100 mm diameter exit. What reservoir pressure is necessary to locate a
normal shock wave at the exit? Also, calculate the velocity and pressure at the throat, before the
shock, and after the shock.

Question 7: Air at 200 kPa absolute and 20 0 C passes through a normal shock wave with strength
so that M2 = 0.5. Calculate V1, p2, and 2 .

Question 8: Air flows steadily and isentropically into an aircraft inlet at a rate of 100 kg/s. At a
section where the area is 0.464 m2, the Mach number, temperature and absolute pressure are found
to be 3, -60 0 C and 15.0 kPa. Determine the velocity and cross-sectional area downstream where
T = 138 0 C . Sketch the flow passage.
Question 9: Air flows from a large tank (p = 650 kPa (abs), T = 550 0 C ) through a converging
nozzle, with a throat area of 600 mm2 and discharges to the atmosphere. Determine the rate of the
mass flow under isentropic condition in the nozzle.
Question 10: Air enters a converging-diverging nozzle with negligible velocity at an absolute
pressure of 1.0 MPa and a temperature of 60 0 C . If the flow is isentropic and the exit temperature
is -11 0 C , what is the Mach number at the exit?
Question 11: Air is to be expanded through a converging-diverging nozzle by a frictionless
adiabatic process from a pressure of 1.10 MPa (abs) and a temperature of 115 0 C to a pressure of
141 kPa (abs). Determine the throat and exit areas for a well-designed shockless nozzle if the mass
flow rate is 2 kg/s.
Question 12: Air, at a stagnation pressure of 7.2 MPa (abs) and a stagnation temperature of 1100
K, flows isentropically through a converging-diverging nozzle having a throat area of 0.01 m2.
Determine the velocity at the downstream section where the Mach number is 4.0. Also find out the
mass flow rate.
Question 13: A normal shock wave exists in a 500 m/s stream of nitrogen with a static temperature
of -40 0 C and static pressure of 70 kPa. Calculate the Mach number, pressure, and temperature
downstream of the wave and entropy increase across the wave. For nitrogen,   1.4 and R = 297
J/KgK.

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