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Unit III - Normal and Oblique Shocks

This document discusses normal and oblique shock waves. It includes 12 problems related to normal and oblique shock waves: 1) Deriving the equation for Mach number downstream of a normal shock wave. 2) Calculating properties across a normal shock wave moving at 500m/s into stagnant air. 3) Determining properties across an oblique shock wave formed by a 15 degree wedge at Mach 2 flow. 4) Calculating properties at the exit of a subsonic diffuser with a standing normal shock wave at the inlet.

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Thulasi Ram
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173 views4 pages

Unit III - Normal and Oblique Shocks

This document discusses normal and oblique shock waves. It includes 12 problems related to normal and oblique shock waves: 1) Deriving the equation for Mach number downstream of a normal shock wave. 2) Calculating properties across a normal shock wave moving at 500m/s into stagnant air. 3) Determining properties across an oblique shock wave formed by a 15 degree wedge at Mach 2 flow. 4) Calculating properties at the exit of a subsonic diffuser with a standing normal shock wave at the inlet.

Uploaded by

Thulasi Ram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit-III  

Normal and oblique shocks


Part A (2 Marks)

1. What is mean by shock wave?


2. What is mean by Normal shock?
3. What is oblique shock?
4. Define strength of shock wave?
5. What are applications of moving shock wave ?
6. Shock waves cannot develop in subsonic flow? Why?
7. Define compression and rarefaction shock? Is the latter
possible?
8. State the necessary conditions for a normal shock to occur
in compressible flow?
9. Give the difference between normal and oblique shock?
10. what are the properties change across a normal shock ?
Part B (16 Marks)
1.Derive the equation for Mach number in the downstream of
the normal shock wave
(AU: May 2012)

2.The velocity of a normal shock wave moving into stagnant


air (P = 1.0 bar, T = 17 C) is 500m/s. if the area of cross
section of the duct is constant, determine pressure,
temperature, velocity of air, stagnation temperature and Mach
number imparted upstream of the wave front.
(AU: May 2012)

3.Air approaches a symmetrical wedge (angle of deflection δ=


15') at a Mach number of 2.  Consider strong waves
conditions. Determine the wave angle, pressure ratio, density
ratio, temperature ratio and downstream Mach number.
(AU: May 2012)

4.The ratio of the exit to entry area in a subsonic diffuser is


4.0. The Mach number of a jet of air approaching the diffuser
at Po = 1.013 bar, T = 290 K is 2.2. There is a standing
normal shock wave just outside the diffuser entry. The flow in
the diffuser is isentropic. Determine at the exit of the diffuser,
I) Mach number ii) Temperature and pressure iii) What is
the stagnation pressure loss between the initial and final
stages of the flow
(AU: May 2011, May 2010, Dec 2008, Dec 2007, May 2007)

5.Derive the equation for static pressure ratio across the shock
waves (AU: May 2012)

6.A gas (γ = 1.3) at P1 = 345 mbar, T1 = 350 K and M1 = 1.5


is to be isentropically expanded to 138 mbar. Determine i)
Deflection angle ii) Final Mach number and iii) the
temperature of
the gas (AU: May 2011, May 2008)

7.A supersonic nozzle is provided with a constant diameter


circular duct at its exit. The duct diameter is same as the
nozzle exit diameter. Nozzle exit cross section is three times
that of its throat. The entry conditions of the gas (γ = 1.4, R =
0.287kJ/kg-k) are Po = 10 bar, To = 600 K. Calculate the
static pressure, Mach number and the velocity of the gas in the
duct: i) when the nozzle operates at this design condition ii)
when a normal shock occurs at this
design condition. ii) when a normal shock occurs at its exit.
(AU: May 2010, May 2008)
8.A convergent-divergent nozzle is designed to expand air
from a reservoir in which the pressure is 800 kpa and
temperature is 40  C to give a mach number at exit of 2.5. the
throat area is 25 cm2. Find i) mass flow rate, ii) exit area and
iii) when a normal shock appears at a section where the area is
40 cm2 determine the pressure and temperature at exit.
(AU: Dec 2009)

9.A pilot tube kept in a supersonic wind tunnel forms a bow


shock ahead of it. The static pressure upstream of the shock is
16 kPa and the pressure at the mouth is 70 kPa. Estimate the
mach number of the tunnel. If the stagnation temperature is
300  C, calculate the static temperature and total pressure
upstream and downstream of the tube. (AU: Dec 2009)

10.A convergent-divergent nozzle has an exit area to throat


area ratio of 2. Air enters this nozzle with a stagnation
pressure of 1000 kPa and a stagnation temperature of 360 K.
the throat area is 500 mm2. The divergent section of the
nozzle acts as a supersonic nozzle. Assume that a normal
shock stands at a point M = 1.5. Determine the exit plane of
the nozzle, the static pressure and temperature and Mach
number.
(AU: May 2009)

11.A convergent divergent nozzle operates at off design


condition while conducting air from a high pressure tank to a
large container. A normal shock occurs in the divergent part
of the nozzle at a section where the cross section area is 18.75
cm2. The stagnation pressure and stagnation temperature at
the inlet of the nozzle are 0.21 Mpa and 36 C respectively.
The throat area is 12.5 cm2 and the exit area is 25 cm2.
Estimate the exit mach number, exit pressure, loss in
stagnation pressure and entropy increase during the flow
between the tanks.
(AU: May 2009)

12.A jet of air at a mach number of 2.5 is deflected inwards at


the corner of a curved wall. The wave angle at the corner is
60'. Determine the deflection angle on the wall, pressure
and temperature ratios and final Mach number.
(AU: Dec 2007)

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