Updated May 2, 2025

DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Appropriations, FY2025
The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Office of State and Community Energy Programs (SCEP),
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) is the Office of Manufacturing and Energy Supply Chains
responsible for renewable energy and end-use energy (MESC), and the Federal Energy Management Program
efficiency technology development. Other activities include (FEMP), which were previously funded within the EERE
issuing grants for home energy efficiency and state energy account. The total request for FY2025, including the newly
planning, establishing minimum energy conservation proposed accounts, was $3.869 billion—an 11.8% increase
standards for appliances and equipment, and providing over the FY2024 enacted level. Program direction for all
technical support. four accounts in the FY2025 budget request comprised
7.0% of the total request.
EERE collaborates with industry, academia, national
laboratories, and others to conduct and support research, Overall, DOE’s stated goal for EERE funding is to invest in
development, demonstration, and deployment activities. “programmatic priority areas for lowering the U.S.
EERE also manages programs that support state and local greenhouse gas (GHG) profile.” Specific proposed funding
governments, tribes, and schools. Further, EERE oversees increases were aimed at decarbonization activities in the
and supports the research and infrastructure of the National electricity sector, the transportation industry, and energy-
Renewable Energy Laboratory, including its research and intensive industries; reducing the carbon footprint of
development on technologies for renewable energy and buildings; and energy-related aspects of the agriculture
energy efficiency. sector, especially the energy-water nexus. Other priorities
include ensuring economic benefits go to communities that
EERE Appropriations might be impacted by DOE’s envisaged transition of the
EERE generally receives funding through the annual energy system or that might be disproportionately affected
Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies by pollution.
(EWD) appropriations bill. FY2024 EWD funding was
enacted as Division D of the Consolidated Appropriations Legislative Actions
Act, 2024 (P.L. 118-42). Division D included $3.460 billion The Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions
for EERE, the same as in FY2023 in the Consolidated Act, 2025 (P.L. 119-4) provides annual appropriations for
Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-328). FY2025 at the FY2024 level for EERE. The act states that
FY2025 appropriations are subject to “the authority and
In addition, EERE received funding through the conditions provided in applicable appropriations Acts for
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58). fiscal year 2024,” such as funding tables in explanatory
IIJA provided a total of $16.264 billion in additional statements and committee reports, unless otherwise
emergency appropriations for EERE, of which $1.945 specified. The House Appropriations Committee-reported
billion is for FY2025 (see Table 1). EERE also received EWD bill (H.R. 8997) would have appropriated a net total
$17.962 billion in additional funding through P.L. 117-169 of $1.960 billion for EERE “after accounting for budget
(known as the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, or IRA) in structure changes.” H.Rept. 118-580, which accompanied
FY2022, expiring at the end of FY2026, FY2027, FY2029, H.R. 8997, would have directed DOE to use $803.7 million
or FY2031, depending on the provision. in prior-year balances from “recent supplemental bills.” In
the report, the committee had recommended $2.764 billion
Executive Branch Actions in gross budget authority. After applying the prior year
For FY2025, the Biden Administration requested $3.118 balances, the bill included net budget authority of $1.960
billion for EERE, a 9.9% decrease versus FY2024 enacted billion.
of $3.460 billion. The FY2025 request also proposed the
creation of three new accounts totaling $751.4 million, The Senate Appropriations Committee-reported EWD bill,
additional to the EERE money and corresponding to S. 4927, would have appropriated $3.440 billion for the
activities managed by the Under Secretary for Infrastructure EERE account plus $20 million for the MESC account
(designated as “S3” in the DOE organization)—a position proposed by DOE, in total equaling the FY2024 enacted
DOE created in FY2023. These proposed accounts are the level for the EERE account.

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 DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Appropriations, FY2025

Table 1. Appropriations: EERE Account and DOE-Proposed Accounts, FY2024 and FY2025
(in millions of dollars)
FY2024 FY2024 Annual FY2025 FY2025 FY2025
Account (in italics) and Program Activity IIJAa Enacted Enacted IIJA Enacted Request Enacted
EERE, Total 1,945.0 3,460.0 1,945.0 3,118.0 3,460.0
Sustainable Transportation 1,440.0 895.0 1,440.0 951.8 895.0
Vehicle Technologies 1,240.0b 450.0 1,240.0b 501.8 450.0
Bioenergy Technologies — 275.0 — 280.0 275.0
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies 200.0 170.0 200.0 170.0 170.0
Renewable Energy — 795.0 — 898.2 795.0
Solar Energy — 318.0 — 318.0 318.0
Wind Energy — 137.0 — 199.0 137.0
Water Power — 200.0 — 160.0 200.0
Geothermal Technologies — 118.0 — 156.2 118.0
Renewable Energy Grid Integration — 22.0 — 65.0 22.0
Energy Efficiency 505.0 784.0 505.0 847.2 784.0
Advanced Manufacturing 250.0c 452.0d 250.0c 507.2e 452.0d
Building Technologies 255.0f 332.0 255.0f 340.0 332.0
State and Community Energyg — 471.0 — — 471.0
Weatherization — 366.0 — — 366.0
State Energy Program — 66.0 — — 66.0
Local Government Energy Program — 12.0 — — 12.0
Energy Future Grants — 27.0 — — 27.0
Manufacturing and Energy Supply Chainsg — 18.0 — — 18.0
Federal Energy Management Programg — 43.0 — — 43.0
Corporate Support — 454.0 — 420.8 454.0
Rescissions or Prior-Year Balances — — — — —
SCEP — — — 574.0 —
MESC — — — 113.4 —
FEMP — — — 64.0 —
Total, Net (Annual Appropriations, only) 3,460.0 3,869.4 3,460.0
Sources: P.L. 119-4; H.Rept. 118-126; H.Rept. 118-580; S.Rept. 118-72; S.Rept. 118-205; P.L. 117-58 (Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act,
IIJA); P.L. 118-42, Division D, Joint Explanatory Statement; DOE FY2025 Congressional Justification, DOE/CF-0204, Volume 3 and Volume 4.
Notes: Columns may not sum due to rounding. SCEP = Office of State and Community Energy Programs, MESC = Office of Manufacturing and
Energy Supply Chains, and FEMP = Federal Energy Management Program.
a. The placement of IIJA funding in the various rows is the same as in DOE’s FY2023 Congressional Budget Request, DOE/CF-0184, Vol. 4.
b. Of this amount, $1,200 million of funding is being executed in MESC: Battery Materials Recycling Grants and Battery Manufacturing and
Recycling Grants.
c. Of this amount, $100 million is for programs authorized by IIJA §40314, which DOE calls the Clean Hydrogen Manufacturing Recycling
RD&D Program; and $150 million is being executed within MESC in the Advanced Energy Manufacturing and Recycling Grant Program.
d. This value is the sum of two categories in the FY2024 enacted appropriation: Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies
(recommendation of $215 million) and Industrial Efficiency and Decarbonization (recommendation of $237 million).
e. This value is the sum of two categories in the FY2025 request: Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies ($220.0 million) and
Industrial Efficiency and Decarbonization ($287.2 million).
f. Of this amount, $100 million is being carried out in SCEP: Energy Efficiency Improvements and Renewable Improvements at Public School
Facilities, and a further $110 million in MESC: Implementation Grants for Industrial Research and Assessment Centers (IRAC), Sec. 457(i)
of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA, P.L. 110-140), as amended by IIJA §40521; and IRAC, Sec. 457(a)-(h) of EISA, as
amended by IIJA §40521.
g. For the FY2025 request, no funding is shown for these activities because DOE had proposed new accounts: SCEP, MESC, and FEMP.

Martin C. Offutt, Analyst in Energy Policy

Corrie E. Clark, Specialist in Energy Policy

IF12710

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 DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Appropriations, FY2025

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