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IoT Project Plan and Development Report

The report details the development of an IoT-based smart agriculture system for NGrain Lanka aimed at enhancing rice yield through real-time monitoring of environmental factors. It identifies challenges in Sri Lanka's rice cultivation due to climate variability and outlines a structured development plan involving various technologies and tools. The system's implementation promises improved crop management while addressing user feedback and potential disadvantages such as internet dependency.

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Sjay Creations
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9 views3 pages

IoT Project Plan and Development Report

The report details the development of an IoT-based smart agriculture system for NGrain Lanka aimed at enhancing rice yield through real-time monitoring of environmental factors. It identifies challenges in Sri Lanka's rice cultivation due to climate variability and outlines a structured development plan involving various technologies and tools. The system's implementation promises improved crop management while addressing user feedback and potential disadvantages such as internet dependency.

Uploaded by

Sjay Creations
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Project Plan and Development Report

1. Introduction
The purpose of this report is to outline the development of an IoT-based smart agriculture
system for NGrain Lanka. The goal is to improve rice yield through precise monitoring of
environmental parameters such as soil moisture, pH, temperature, and light levels. This
system incorporates sensors, edge computing, and cloud infrastructure to facilitate real-
time data collection and analysis, aiding farm managers in making data-driven decisions.

2. Problem Identification
Sri Lanka's rice cultivation is affected by unpredictable weather and changing climate
patterns. This leads to irregular rainfall, excess moisture during critical crop phases, and
poor yield. NGrain Lanka seeks to:
- Detect environmental anomalies (e.g., water stress, poor soil pH).
- Provide early alerts to farm managers.
- Use predictive weather models to adjust irrigation and fertilization.

3. AFTHA Investigation
Category Selected Components

Architecture Edge-cloud architecture

Frameworks Node-RED, MQTT, REST API

Tools Arduino IDE, ThingSpeak, Grafana

Hardware ESP32, DHT11, Soil Moisture Sensor, pH


Sensor

APIs OpenWeatherMap API for weather


forecasts

4. IoT Development Plan


4.1 Architecture Flow
4.2 System Modules
- Sensing Layer: Gathers real-time data.
- Edge Layer: Preprocesses and sends data via WiFi.
- Cloud Layer: Stores, visualizes, and analyses data.
- Application Layer: Web-based dashboard for farm managers.

4.3 Development Phases

Phase Activity

Requirements Gather user needs and define specifications

Design Select sensors, architecture, design data


flow

Implementation Code firmware and cloud integration

Testing Validate sensor accuracy, connectivity, and


alerts

Deployment Install on test fields and monitor


performance

5. Development Report
5.1 Tools and Technologies Used

- Arduino IDE: Firmware development for ESP32


- Node-RED: Data flow configuration and logic
- ThingSpeak: Cloud storage and visualization
- Grafana: Custom dashboard for data insights
- OpenWeatherMap API: Integrates real-time weather forecasts

5.2 Iterative Development and Testing

Initial testing involved soil moisture and temperature sensors. Results showed latency in
cloud update due to poor edge handling. After optimizing with buffering and retry logic in
Node-RED, latency was reduced.

5.3 End-User Feedback and Modifications

Iteration Feedback Improvement

1 Delayed updates Edge buffering with retry


logic

2 No mobile notifications Integrated FCM push


notification

3 Sensors affected by weather Waterproof housing and


mounting

6. Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT Techniques


Advantages:

- Real-time monitoring improves crop response.


- Modular design allows easy maintenance and upgrades.
- Cloud integration ensures accessibility and scalability.

Disadvantages:

- Dependent on internet connectivity.


- Initial cost for sensor setup and training.

7. Conclusion
This report outlines the plan and implementation of an IoT system to support smart
agriculture in Sri Lanka. Through a combination of affordable hardware, open-source tools,
and cloud services, NGrain Lanka can effectively improve its crop yield and manage
resources efficiently.

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