Grade 8 – Islamiat INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL LAHORE Topic: Last Sermon of the Prophet

Name: _________________________ Sec: ______ Date: _________________________

Q1. The Prophet died in 632. Write about his farewell sermon. [10]. (10)

The last sermon of the Prophet was delivered on the Ninth day of Dhul-Hijjah, 10 A.H. ( 623AD) in
the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat on Jabal al Rahma (the mount of mercy) in Mecca. It was the
occasion of annual rites of Haj. While summarising exhortations based on the core
teachings of Islam in the last sermon, the Messenger (PBUH) of Allah SWT addressed
around 144,000 pilgrims and asked them to forward the Divine message.
Unlike any other speech, the farewell sermon of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) is the
ultimate source of guidance on how to live in a God-fearing way. Capturing the ethos of
Islam, Khutbatul Wada (farewell sermon) provides Muslims with a great lens for
viewing the religion of peace. While focusing on the fundamental touchstones of faith,
Prophet Muhammad (SAW), in the final sermon, gives a universal message of equality,
peace, justice, non-violence, forgiveness, the rights of women, the sanctity of property
and life, and the teachings of the pillars of Islam.
The Prophet told about his impending death and asked everyone to listen attentively,
“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever
be amongst you again. Therefore, listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and
take these words to those who could not be present here today.”
He warned the Muslim Ummah against the evil practices of pagan hood, declaring
satan as the open enemy of the believers. He told about the sanctity of life and
property.
"O People! just as you regard this month, this day, this city as sacred ,so regard the life and
property of every Muslim a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful
owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your
Lord, and that he will indeed reckon your deeds."

Regarding the taking of interest, he stated,

"Allah has forbidden you to take usury, therefore all interest obligation shall
henceforth be waived. Your capital is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer
any inequality. Allah has judged that there shall be no interest and that all interest
due to Abbas Ibn 'Aal-Muttalib be waived."

Prophet also said that every Muslim is a brother to another Muslim and that the Muslims
constitute one brotherhood. He alarmed the Muslims that the unbelievers were indulged in
tampering with the calendar in order to make permissible that which Allah forbade, and to
forbid which Allah has made permissible. He said,

“With Allah the months are twelve in number. Four of them are holy, there are
successive, and one occurs singly between the months of Jumada and Shaban."
Grade 8 – Islamiat INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL LAHORE Topic: Last Sermon of the Prophet

He introduced for the first time the rights of the women especially as wives and also the
slaves. He laid special stress on good behavior with them.

"O People it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they
also have rights over you. Treat your wives with kindness. Verily, you have taken
them on the secutrity of Allah and made them lawful unto you by the words of Allah.
And feed your slaves as you feed yourselves and cloth them as you cloth yourselves.
If they commit a fault which you are unwilling to forgive, then sell them.”

The Prophet emphasized upon fulfilling the rights of Allah by worshipping Him alone and by
performing the pillars of Islam.

"O People! listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers, fast
during month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Haj if you can
afford it."

The Prophet taught about the equality of all mankind. He said,

"All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor
a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a White has no superiority over a
Black nor a Black has any superiority over a White except by piety and good action”

The Prophet also reminded them of their obligation of transmitting his teachings to future
generations.

"All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others
again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to
me directly."

The religion and his prophethood were completed after the last sermon as he said,

"O People! No Prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born.
Reason well, therefore O People! and understand words that I convey to you”

"O Allah, be my witness, that I have conveyed your message to Your people."

As part of this sermon, the prophet recited to them a revelation from Allah, which he had just
received, and which completed the Quran, for it was the last passage to be revealed:

“This day the disbeliever's despair of prevailing against your religion, so fear them
not, but fear Me (Allah)! This day have I perfected for you, your religion and fulfilled
My favor unto you, and it hath been My good pleasure to choose Islam for you as your
religion”. (Surah 5, Ayah 3)

b) The Farewell Sermon given by the Prophet contains teachings for Muslims of all times.
Explain how two of these teachings can be applied today. [4]
Grade 8 – Islamiat INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL LAHORE Topic: Last Sermon of the Prophet

The last sermon is considered a summary of the main elements of faith, as it includes the five
pillars, equality of humankind, ethics and morality. It can be used in relation to many modern day
issues such as racism, inequality of women, the financial structure (dealing in interest), adultery,
responsibility of actions (particularly in crimes), treating other Muslims as brothers, treating
slaves/servants well, and worshipping God.

It is undeniably our responsibility to treat people how we want to be treated. Hurt can be in various
forms, be it physical, emotional or psychological, verbal or non-verbal. We should continuously
reflect on ourselves - our words, our actions - and how they can affect people. Seek peace, and you
will find it.

Rasulullah s.a.w. taught us that, indeed, women and men are partners. As partners, women and
men complement one another. Being partners means that we share a lot of things together as
husband and wife. In creating a harmonious living environment, there is a need to understand each
other and be kind to one another.

Economic inequality happens when wealth and opportunity are not distributed evenly within the
society. This may lead to the poor being stuck at the lower socio-economic class.The practice of
Zakat will ideally create a more just society through this wealth-sharing mechanism to achieve a
fairer distribution of wealth and for the socio-economic development of the community.

A human is judged entirely by his/her righteousness, not because of his/her race, colour or
socioeconomic status. Racism, discrimination, bigotry and social injustice still exist in today’s
society. We tend to judge people based on their physical attributes, looking past what their hearts
can offer.

As Muslims, we should be mindful of our rights and duties towards Allah s.w.t. such as praying daily,
fasting in the month of Ramadan and performing Zakat and Hajj for those who can afford and are
physically able. To be mindful of these duties is what makes us Muslims.