14 43 IRRIGATION ENGINEERING LTP RATIONALE Diploma holders in Civil Engineering have to supervise the construction, repair and maintenance of canals, head works, river training works, cross drainage works, regulatory and other works. Some of diploma holders are also engaged for preventing water logging and irrigation by tubewells. This subject imparts knowledge regarding hydrology, flow irrigation ~ storage and distribution system, constructional features of head works, river training works, ross drainage works, causes and prevention of water logging and construction of tube wells. LEARNING OUTCOMES After undergoing the subject, students will be able to: * explain concept of necessity of irrigation in India ‘© recognize different crops and their water requirements * define rainfall and runoff ‘© measure rainfall and read rain gauges and hydrographs ‘+ monitor construction and maintenance work of canal and canal linings ‘© monitor installation of tubewells and water harvesting techniques © supervise maintenance and construction work of canal head works and cross regulators supervise construction of various river training works * carry out desilting operation of canals DETAILED CONTENTS THEORY 1. Introduction (03 Periods) 1.1 Definition of irrigation 12 Necessity of irrigation, Role of Irrigation in country's economy. 1.3. History of development of irrigation in India 1.4 Major, medium and minor irrigation projects of India, 2. Water Requirement of Crops (06 Periods) 2.1. Principal crops in India and their water requirements 2.2 Crop seasons ~ Kharif and Rabi CORRECTED AND APPROVED BY BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,U?,LUCKNOW IN MEETING HELD ON 10.07.2019 @RASHMI SONKAR Page 114us 2.3 Soil water, soil crop and crop water relationships, Duty, Delta and Base Period, their relationship 2.4 — Gross commanded area (GCA), culturable commanded area (CCA), Intensity of Irrigation, Paleo, Kor, Crop Crop period, Base period, Duty, Delta, Relation between Duty-Delta and Base period. 3. Hydrological Cycle Catchment Area and Run-off (06 Periods) Rainfall , definition rain-gauges — automatic and non-automatic, methods of estimating average rainfall, Advantages of keeping rainfall records, (Arithmatic system), catchment area, runoff, factors affecting runoff, hydrograph, basic concept of unit hydrograph. 4. Methods of Irrigation (06 Periods) 4.1 Flow irrigation - its advantages and limitations 42 Lift Irrigation — Tubewell, submersible and well irrigation advantages and disadvantages 4.3 Sprinkler irrigation conditions favourable and essential requirements for sprinkler irrigation, sprinkler system — classification and component parts 44 — Drip irrigation, suitability of drip irrigation, layout, component parts, advantages 5. Canals (10 Periods) 5.1. Factors to be considered in Canal Alignment, 5.2 Funetions/Purpose of various components of Canal, 5.3 Classification of Canals and their functions, sketches of different canal cross- sections 5.4 Various types of canal lining - their related advantages and disadvantages, sketches of different lined canal X-sections 5.5 Breaches ~ Causes, Method to plug canal breaches and their control 5.6 Maintenance of lined and unlined canals 6 Tubewell Irrigation (09 Periods) 6.1 Introduction, occurrence of ground water, location and command, advantages and disadvantages, comparison with eanal irrigation 62 — Tubewells, explanation of terms: water table, radius of influence, depression head, cone of depression, confined and unconfined aquifers. Yield of a well and methods of determining yield of well 6.3 Types of tubewells (cavity type, strainer type and slotted type) and their choice CORRECTED AND APPROVED BY BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,UP,LUCKNOW IN MEETING HELD ON 10.07.2019 @RASHMI SONKAR Page 115Chapter-3 water Requtramunt of vesveobs 4 4 — Watur_vuqyubauyunt 3f vengbs a 4 « @ Ga GY Coun) Lt aa wea CHarantiig ) a aA, TH SMU FT woter Lequdsoment of veseebs aed el Na -Lepording on> yb of etinats , dybe of ail, Med ai Uubhvaten Rainfall ue» 4 * Woks Reguiscement will ube watt vlse emabs as ual 9 OA fyseenn splacr do splucd | Fase sported and vesgl ported :- bar) --———______i last wey Bout Pskod wot 9 an hBnan & os area ) sewn F_/——___4 HarwAting. usegp Pusded Qua C4) ~ “A dhs difind 05 dotal F vuquibud by a vessp cing at fn emf eA De tm 4 wp suquibus tem water at of 4 ; 2 Wey 26 clays “ Af Baw puro of dhe wesop as 125 days detuning S ht Loop. ma dua - Af 0 Gira fon BoesesCLEC CEC ELC L LETTE Tet jut Futm —> Wolays q 12Sdays > Sims wotwiy | 4 = Pumx5 = 35 um Bras i Baty (B= q “Suty as defined a bb bua vecigation dn Heelan Ay taumia of uvccln eflouing, rontinowrly parr | athe duration Oh Bars Rucisd-” Rx. 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