10th Maths Ch-14 Probability
10th Maths Ch-14 Probability
3 3 1
(a) (b) Ans. (c)
26 13 4
2
Explanation: Total no. of outcomes = 100
(C) Prime numbers from 1 to 100 are
13 2
3 12.3.5. 7. 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29,31, 37, 41, 42
Ans. () 26 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97:
Explanation: In a deck of 52 cards: . No. of favourble outcComes = 25
Total number of cards = 52 .Required probability
Number of face cards = 12 No.of favourable outcornes
Total no. of outcomes
Number of black face cards = 6
(3 of spades and 3 of clubs) 25 1
=
100
Number of red foce cards=6
(3 of hearts and 3 of diamonds)
4. If a letter is chosen at random from the
3 letters of English alphabets, then the
.P(red face card) = 52 26 probabiity that it is a letter of the word
'MATHEMATICS is:
2. Which of the following cannot be the
4 9
probability of an event? () (b)
13 26
(a) 0.01 (b) 3%
5 11
16 17 (d)
(c) (d) (c) 13 26
17 16
17 4
Ans. () 16 Ans. (a) 13
Explanation:
Explanation: Total number of letters in Englsh
1 3 alphabets = 26
Here, 0.01 = 3% =
100 100 Unique letters in the word MATHEMATICS
The probability of an event always lies from 0 ={M, A, T, H, E, ,C S}
to 1. ’Number of unique letter =8
17 8 4
As >1 . Required probability = 26
16 13
17
cannot be the probability of an event. 5. Ram Sewak is a wholesale dealer in eggs.
16
3. Someone is asked to take a number from 1 He procures eggs directly from the poultry
to 100. The probability that it is aprime is: farms and sells them to the nearby stores
(b) 14
(c) 5 () 3
1
() 7
(c) 21 (d) 58 Ans. (a) 1
Ans(b)14
Eplanation: It is given that. Explanation: Total no. of outcomes =40
Multiples of 5 from 1 to 40 are {5. 10, 15, 20,
Total no. of eggs = 400
25,30,35,40}
Probability of getting a bad egg =0.035 . No. of favourable outcomes =8.
. Probability of getting a bad egg . Required probability
No. of bad eggs No. of faVOurable outcomes
Total no. of eggs =0.035 Total no. of outcomes
Probability 291
monltor. The probablity that the selected 10. Assertlon (A) : From a pack of 52 cardes,d
student ls not from houses A, Band Cis: probabilty1 of drawing
queen is
6 26
(a) (b) 23 Reason (R) : Probability
23
() 23
8
(d)
17
of an everrt
Favourable outcomesPIA)
occuring
23 Totol outcomes
Both (A) and (R) are true
(a) correct explanation of the (A). and (9 is
6
Ans. (b)
23
Explanation: Total no. of students = 23. Both (A) and (R) are true,
No. of students from houses A, B and C= 4+ 8
(b)
correct explanation of the (A).
but () is nt
+5= 17.
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
:. Remaining no. of students = 23- 17 = 6. (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
.Required probability A) and (R) are true and () is
Ans. (a) Both
No. of students, not from A, B and C
explanation of the (4). Corec
Total no. of students
Erplanaton: Red queens in pack of 52 cardset
6 Total number of cards = 52
23 2 1
P(red queen) = 52 26
So. P(4) =
292 EduÇart Mathematics Class X
numberin column Bcon be 0. 1, 2. 3,
Ihe (8) Let, the event cf etingo
operfect rmter whichis
1 squore be E
SaP8)= Then fovorotle trres 9. 16
10 23.36. 49
.Totol number of fovrobie omes -5
morled wBch numbers 5 to 50 are
ploondin a box and mbed thoroughly. One PE) = 46
is drown
at random from the box. And
probablty that the number on the cord 15. Ina famils of 3dhildren, findthe
che
coenouts of having at leost two boya. probabiity
Waprtme.number less than 10 Ans. Let B dengtesoboy ondG
(8)anumber which is a perfect square.
dencteso gir
Then, possibilities of girls and boys with three
number of outcomes = 46 children
A)Let,the event of getting a prime number
= (GGG. GGB. GeG. BGG. BBG. BGe. GB8, B8e}
:. Totol number of possible oustcomes = 8
less thon 10be E,. Now, outoomes with ot least two boys ie two
Then, fovourable outcomes = S. 7: or three boys
.:Total number of favourableeoutcomes =2 = {BBG, GB8, BGB, BBB}
2 1 : Number of fovouroble outcomes = 4
PIE) =
46 23 4 1
. P(at least two boys) =
8 2
probability of selecting a black marble at Hence, the total number of marbles in the jar
is 20.
random from the same jar is If the jar
17.A game in a booth at a Diwali fair invobves
contains 11 green marbles, find the total using a spinner first. Then, if the spinner
stops on an even number, Shweta is allowed
number of marbles in the jar. to pick a marble from a bag The spinner and
Ans. Let the total number of marbles in the jar be x. the marbles in the bag are represented in the
1 figure.
Given: P (blue marble)= Prizes are given when a black marble is
5
picked. Shweta plays the game once.
P (black marble) = 4
Number of green marbles = 11 10
Since,
P(green marble) =1- [P (blue marble)
8
+P (black marble)]
(A)What is the probability that she will be
allowed to pick a marble from the bag?
(B) Suppose she is allowed to pick a marble
11
= 1 from the bag, what is the probability of
20 20
getting a prize, when it isgiven that the
bag contains 20 balls out of which 6 are
But, P(green marble) = X black?
Probability 293
Ane. (A) Shweta wil be allowed to plck upamarble, .Total number of
onls when the spinner stops on an even
number.
- 81
P(E;)
81
90
fovourable o
10
P(getting an even number)
Hence, the required probability is
Hence, the probability that the will be () Let E, be the event
5
bears a number divisible bu
th¡t the
allowed to pick a marble from the bag is = 6
Then favourable cOses are
(B) P (getting a black marble) = 20
6 3
10
.90.
. Total number offavourable
5.10.15. 0,
3 18 1
. Probability of getting a prize is 10 P(E) 90
18. At a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000, Hence, the required probabilty is
(one number on one card), are put in a box.
random and
Each player selects one card atselected (C) Let E be the event that the disc
that card is not replaced. If the card bears a perfect square number
500, the
has a perfect square greater thanprobability Then, numbers having perfect
player wins a prize. What is the
that:
1,4,9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81 squore orv
(A)the first player wins a prize? :. Total number of favourable
the first
(B) the second player wins a prize, if =9
has won? 9 1
Ans. Total number of outcomes = 1000. P(E3) =
90 10
(A) Let E, be the event that the first player
is a
wins the prize ie. selects a card which 1
perfect square greater than 500.
Hence, the required probability is
10
. Favourable outcomes = {529, 576, 625, 20. Agame of chance consists of
676. 729, 784, 841, 900, 961}.
. No, of favourable outcomes = 9
arrow on a circular board,
divided to spinninga
equal parts, which comes to rest pol
to one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 8w
P(E) = 1000 are equally ikely outcomes. What s h
probability that the arrow will point at (A
B) Let E be the event that the second player an odd number (B) a number greater tha!
wins the prize. Now, the remaining number (C) a number less than 9?
of cards which are a perfect square greater Ans. Total numbers of outcomes =8
than 500 ie, 8. (A) Odd numbers from 1 to 8= 1,3,5,7
:: No. of favourable outcomes = 8.
.. Number of odd numbers = 4
Total no. of outcomes, as one card was P(getting an odd number)
already selected by first player = 999. 4 1
=
P(E) =
999
Hence, the required probability is 2
19. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered
from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random (B) Numbers greater than 3= 4,5, 6, 7, 8
from the box, find the probability that it .. Number of numbers greater than 3=5
bears . P(getting a number greater than 3) =:
(A) a two-digit number,
(B) a nunmber divisible by 5. Hence, the required probabilty is
(C) perfect square number.
Ans. Total number of outcomes = 90 (C) Numbers less than 9 = 1. 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7,8
(A) Let E, be the event that the disc drawn .. Number of numbers less than 9 =8
8
bear a two-digit number. P(getting anumber less than 9) = !
Favourable cases are 10,11, 12, 13.,90.
Hence, the required probability is 1
6
(C) Number of jacks of black colour =2
:. P(gettinga blackjac)= 44 22
(D) We know that jacks, queens and kings are
face cards.
Probability N295
CASE BASED QUestions (CBQS)
[4 marks]
number divisible by 3
24, An unbiased game of chance as shown
below consists of spinning the wheel on 3
which different areas have been marked with 10
different colours such as Red, Yellow, Blue and 25. Pranav is very fond of collecting bals c
Orange denoted by the alphabets R Y, Band
O on the wheel respectively. Numbers have different colours. He has a total of 25 balls,
been marked on different parts and each of his basket out of which five balls are
these is equally likely. The prize depends on orange
in colour and eight are white. Out of
the number at which the arrow points once the remaining balls, some are blue in colour and
wheelcomes to a rest. the rest are yelloW.
R
36
31 5
R 25
7
o
19 16
B 12
(A) Find the probability that the arrow will (A) If the probability of drawing a yellow
point at aprime number. ball is twice the probability of drawing
(B) Find the probability that the arrow will a blue ball, then find the number of
point towards yellow colour Y. yellow balls.
(C) Find the probability of arrow pointing (B) Determine the probability of drawing
towards anumber divisible by 3. neither a yellow nor awhite bal.
Ans. (A) The probability of an event is (C) Find the probability of not drawing an
Number of outcomes favourable to E orange ball.
P(E) =
Total Number of possible outcomes Ans. (A) As the total number of balls in the bosket
The total numbers of possible outcomes is 25 and number of orange balls and
white balls is 13.
in this case are 10.
. Number of blue and yellow = balls
Out of the number, marked in the wheel
= 25-13 = 12
the prime numbers are 2, 5, 7, 19 and 31.
Let the number of yellow balls be x.
. Number of favourable outcomes = 5
Then, the number of blue balls = 12 -X.
:: Probability that the arrow will point at We knovw, Probability of an event E is
5
aprime number = given by
10
Number of outcomes favourable to E
1 PE)
Total number of possible outcomes
:. Probability of drawing a yellow ball =
(B) There are total four areas in yellow X
colour marked Y: 25
and probability of drawing a blue ball
: Probability that the arrow will point 12-x
towards yellow colour Y 25
4 2 It is given that
10 5
(C) Out of the given numbers, the numbers P(Yellow ball) = 2 x P(Blue bal).
divisible by 3 are 9, 12 and 36.
Probability of arrow pointing towards a
Probability 297