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10th Maths Ch-14 Probability

The document contains a series of probability questions and answers, including multiple-choice and short answer types. It covers various scenarios such as card selection, prime numbers, and outcomes from dice rolls, providing explanations for each answer. The content is structured for educational purposes, likely aimed at students learning about probability concepts.

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Swostik Rout
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views8 pages

10th Maths Ch-14 Probability

The document contains a series of probability questions and answers, including multiple-choice and short answer types. It covers various scenarios such as card selection, prime numbers, and outcomes from dice rolls, providing explanations for each answer. The content is structured for educational purposes, likely aimed at students learning about probability concepts.

Uploaded by

Swostik Rout
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY

OBJECTIVE Type Questions


|1mark)
1
Multiple Choice Questions (0) (b) 25

1. Acard is selected from adeck of 52 cards. ()


13
(c)
The probability of its being a red face card is: 50

3 3 1
(a) (b) Ans. (c)
26 13 4

2
Explanation: Total no. of outcomes = 100
(C) Prime numbers from 1 to 100 are
13 2
3 12.3.5. 7. 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29,31, 37, 41, 42
Ans. () 26 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97:
Explanation: In a deck of 52 cards: . No. of favourble outcComes = 25
Total number of cards = 52 .Required probability
Number of face cards = 12 No.of favourable outcornes
Total no. of outcomes
Number of black face cards = 6
(3 of spades and 3 of clubs) 25 1
=

100
Number of red foce cards=6
(3 of hearts and 3 of diamonds)
4. If a letter is chosen at random from the
3 letters of English alphabets, then the
.P(red face card) = 52 26 probabiity that it is a letter of the word
'MATHEMATICS is:
2. Which of the following cannot be the
4 9
probability of an event? () (b)
13 26
(a) 0.01 (b) 3%
5 11
16 17 (d)
(c) (d) (c) 13 26
17 16

17 4
Ans. () 16 Ans. (a) 13
Explanation:
Explanation: Total number of letters in Englsh
1 3 alphabets = 26
Here, 0.01 = 3% =
100 100 Unique letters in the word MATHEMATICS
The probability of an event always lies from 0 ={M, A, T, H, E, ,C S}
to 1. ’Number of unique letter =8
17 8 4
As >1 . Required probability = 26
16 13
17
cannot be the probability of an event. 5. Ram Sewak is a wholesale dealer in eggs.
16
3. Someone is asked to take a number from 1 He procures eggs directly from the poultry
to 100. The probability that it is aprime is: farms and sells them to the nearby stores

290 EduÇart Mathematics Class X


Number of
Total numberfavourable
of PossibleO¯tcomes
outcormes
50 25

7.One tlckat Is drawn at random from a


contalning tlckets numbered 1 to 40. bag
probabilty that the selected tlcket hasThea
number which is a multiple of 5 ls:
probability of 1
The getting a bad egg In alot
0.035. The
(a) 5 (b)
3
of 400 is number of bad eggs in
thelotis:

(b) 14
(c) 5 () 3
1
() 7
(c) 21 (d) 58 Ans. (a) 1
Ans(b)14
Eplanation: It is given that. Explanation: Total no. of outcomes =40
Multiples of 5 from 1 to 40 are {5. 10, 15, 20,
Total no. of eggs = 400
25,30,35,40}
Probability of getting a bad egg =0.035 . No. of favourable outcomes =8.
. Probability of getting a bad egg . Required probability
No. of bad eggs No. of faVOurable outcomes
Total no. of eggs =0.035 Total no. of outcomes

No. of bad eggs 8


400
=0.035 40 5
No. of bad eggs=0.035 x 400 = 14., 8. When a die is thrown, the probability of
Hence, the number of bad eggs in the lot is 14. getting an odd number less than3 is:
1 1
6. Anumber is selected at random from first 50 (0)
natural numbers. The probability that it is a
1
multiple of 3 and 4 both is: (c) (d) 0
2
4
(a) (b)
25 Ans. (a) 6
2 Explanation: When a dice is thrown:
( 25
() Total number of outcomes
25
= 6ie. {1, 2,3,4, 5, 6}
Ans. (d) 2
5 Odd numbers less than 3 ={1
. Number of favourable outcomes=1
Explanation: A number is selected at random
from the first 50 natural numbers. . P(odd number less than 3)
No. of favourable outcomes
This implies,
Total no. of outcomes
The total number of possible outcomes n=50
Multiples of 3 from 1 to 50 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 1
18, 21, 24, 27,30,33,36, 39,42, 45 and 48. 6
Multiples of 4 from 1 to 50 are 4, 8, 12, 16, 20,
24,28,32, 36, 40,44 and 48. 9. Aschool has five houses A, B, C.D and E.
Multiples of 3 and4 from1 to50 are 12, 24,36 A class has 23 students, 4 from house A,
and 48. 8 from house B, S from house C, 2 from
Total number of favourableoutcomes =4 house D and the rest from house E. A single
student is selected at random to be the class
Probability of an event

Probability 291
monltor. The probablity that the selected 10. Assertlon (A) : From a pack of 52 cardes,d
student ls not from houses A, Band Cis: probabilty1 of drawing
queen is
6 26
(a) (b) 23 Reason (R) : Probability
23

() 23
8
(d)
17
of an everrt
Favourable outcomesPIA)
occuring
23 Totol outcomes
Both (A) and (R) are true
(a) correct explanation of the (A). and (9 is
6
Ans. (b)
23
Explanation: Total no. of students = 23. Both (A) and (R) are true,
No. of students from houses A, B and C= 4+ 8
(b)
correct explanation of the (A).
but () is nt
+5= 17.
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
:. Remaining no. of students = 23- 17 = 6. (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
.Required probability A) and (R) are true and () is
Ans. (a) Both
No. of students, not from A, B and C
explanation of the (4). Corec
Total no. of students
Erplanaton: Red queens in pack of 52 cardset
6 Total number of cards = 52
23 2 1
P(red queen) = 52 26

SHORT ANSWER Type- Questions (SA-1)


[2 marks ]
11. A number is selected at random from natural Ans. No.
numbers 1 to 20. Find the probability that The area of region 3 is double than tht of
the selected number is a prime number. regions 1 or 2, therefore its probabilütu is
Ans. Total number of outcomes =20 double than the probabilities of 1 or 2.
Let. Ebe the event that a number selected is a Hence, probability of 1 = probability of 2*
prime number. probability of 3.
Since, the prime number between 1 to 20 (or Thus, the outcomes of 1, 2 and 3 are not
favourable cases) are 2,3, 5, 7, 11,13, 17, 19
equally likely to occur.
.. Number of favourable outcomes=8
Number of favrouable outcomes 13. Amrish wakes up in the morning and noices
:. P(E) = Total number of outcomes that his digital clock reads 07: 25 am. After
=
2 noon, he looks at the clock again.
20 5
2
Hence, the required probability is .
12. A game consists of spinning an arrow
which comes to rest pointing at one of the
07:25
three regions (1, 2 or 3) (see figure). Are the
outcomes 1, 2 and 3 equally ikely to occur? A B
Give reasons. What is the probability that:
(A)the number in column Ais 4?
1 2
(B) the number in column B is 8?
Ans. (A) The number in column A
can be O, 1,2. 3.+
or 5.

So. P(4) =
292 EduÇart Mathematics Class X
numberin column Bcon be 0. 1, 2. 3,
Ihe (8) Let, the event cf etingo
operfect rmter whichis
1 squore be E
SaP8)= Then fovorotle trres 9. 16
10 23.36. 49
.Totol number of fovrobie omes -5
morled wBch numbers 5 to 50 are
ploondin a box and mbed thoroughly. One PE) = 46
is drown
at random from the box. And
probablty that the number on the cord 15. Ina famils of 3dhildren, findthe
che
coenouts of having at leost two boya. probabiity
Waprtme.number less than 10 Ans. Let B dengtesoboy ondG
(8)anumber which is a perfect square.
dencteso gir
Then, possibilities of girls and boys with three
number of outcomes = 46 children
A)Let,the event of getting a prime number
= (GGG. GGB. GeG. BGG. BBG. BGe. GB8, B8e}
:. Totol number of possible oustcomes = 8
less thon 10be E,. Now, outoomes with ot least two boys ie two
Then, fovourable outcomes = S. 7: or three boys
.:Total number of favourableeoutcomes =2 = {BBG, GB8, BGB, BBB}
2 1 : Number of fovouroble outcomes = 4
PIE) =
46 23 4 1
. P(at least two boys) =
8 2

SHORT ANSWER Type-|| Questions (SA-11)


(3 marks]
46. The probability of selecting a blue marble 11_ 11
t rondom from a jar that contains only Y 20
blue, black and green marbles is The or x= 20

probability of selecting a black marble at Hence, the total number of marbles in the jar
is 20.
random from the same jar is If the jar
17.A game in a booth at a Diwali fair invobves
contains 11 green marbles, find the total using a spinner first. Then, if the spinner
stops on an even number, Shweta is allowed
number of marbles in the jar. to pick a marble from a bag The spinner and
Ans. Let the total number of marbles in the jar be x. the marbles in the bag are represented in the
1 figure.
Given: P (blue marble)= Prizes are given when a black marble is
5
picked. Shweta plays the game once.
P (black marble) = 4
Number of green marbles = 11 10
Since,
P(green marble) =1- [P (blue marble)
8

+P (black marble)]
(A)What is the probability that she will be
allowed to pick a marble from the bag?
(B) Suppose she is allowed to pick a marble
11
= 1 from the bag, what is the probability of
20 20
getting a prize, when it isgiven that the
bag contains 20 balls out of which 6 are
But, P(green marble) = X black?

Probability 293
Ane. (A) Shweta wil be allowed to plck upamarble, .Total number of
onls when the spinner stops on an even
number.
- 81

P(E;)
81
90
fovourable o
10
P(getting an even number)
Hence, the required probability is
Hence, the probability that the will be () Let E, be the event
5
bears a number divisible bu
th¡t the
allowed to pick a marble from the bag is = 6
Then favourable cOses are
(B) P (getting a black marble) = 20
6 3
10
.90.
. Total number offavourable
5.10.15. 0,
3 18 1
. Probability of getting a prize is 10 P(E) 90
18. At a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000, Hence, the required probabilty is
(one number on one card), are put in a box.
random and
Each player selects one card atselected (C) Let E be the event that the disc
that card is not replaced. If the card bears a perfect square number
500, the
has a perfect square greater thanprobability Then, numbers having perfect
player wins a prize. What is the
that:
1,4,9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81 squore orv
(A)the first player wins a prize? :. Total number of favourable
the first
(B) the second player wins a prize, if =9
has won? 9 1
Ans. Total number of outcomes = 1000. P(E3) =
90 10
(A) Let E, be the event that the first player
is a
wins the prize ie. selects a card which 1
perfect square greater than 500.
Hence, the required probability is
10
. Favourable outcomes = {529, 576, 625, 20. Agame of chance consists of
676. 729, 784, 841, 900, 961}.
. No, of favourable outcomes = 9
arrow on a circular board,
divided to spinninga
equal parts, which comes to rest pol
to one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 8w
P(E) = 1000 are equally ikely outcomes. What s h
probability that the arrow will point at (A
B) Let E be the event that the second player an odd number (B) a number greater tha!
wins the prize. Now, the remaining number (C) a number less than 9?
of cards which are a perfect square greater Ans. Total numbers of outcomes =8
than 500 ie, 8. (A) Odd numbers from 1 to 8= 1,3,5,7
:: No. of favourable outcomes = 8.
.. Number of odd numbers = 4
Total no. of outcomes, as one card was P(getting an odd number)
already selected by first player = 999. 4 1
=

P(E) =
999
Hence, the required probability is 2
19. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered
from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random (B) Numbers greater than 3= 4,5, 6, 7, 8
from the box, find the probability that it .. Number of numbers greater than 3=5
bears . P(getting a number greater than 3) =:
(A) a two-digit number,
(B) a nunmber divisible by 5. Hence, the required probabilty is
(C) perfect square number.
Ans. Total number of outcomes = 90 (C) Numbers less than 9 = 1. 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7,8
(A) Let E, be the event that the disc drawn .. Number of numbers less than 9 =8
8
bear a two-digit number. P(getting anumber less than 9) = !
Favourable cases are 10,11, 12, 13.,90.
Hence, the required probability is 1

294 EduÇart Mathematics Class X


LONG
ANSWER Type Questions (LA)
(5 marks]
numberxls selected from the
A
4, andthena second numbers
1,
number yls selected When a 4,b con toke three
2,3 volues ie. 1,
rondomly from the
numbers When a5,b cantakefour volwes ie.1, 2,3
4, 9. What is the
probablity When a=6,b con toke five values ie. 2,3,4
1,
that the product xy of the two
Here, total number of possible 1,2,3,4,5
numbers wll beless than 9? outcomes is
same as when we throw a dice twice.
Ane.
Since, x=1, 2,33and y =1,4,9 :. Total possible outcomes =36
.: Product.xy={1,4,9, 2, 8, 18,3, 12, 27}
. Total number of possible outcomes of the 1+2+3 + 4 + 5
36
productxy=9
15
Now, outcomes of product xy having value 36 12
lessthan 9=1,4, 2, 8.3
Hence, the required probabilüty is
.Number of favourable outcomes of product 12
Xy less than 9 = 5
23. From a pack of 52 playing cards, Jacs and
5
Kings of red colour and Queens and Aces of
Py <9) =a black colour are removed. The rermaining
5 cards are mixed and a card is drawn at
Hence, the required probability is 9 random. Find the probability that the drawn
2. In the figure, a disc is shown on which a plauer card is:
(A)a black queen
spins an arrow twice. The fraction is B) a card of red colour
b
formed, where 'a' is the number of sector on (C) a Jack of black colour
which arrow stops on the first spin and 'b' is (D) a face card
the number of the sector in which the arrow
Ans. Number of cards removed= (2 +2 +2 +2) =8
stops on the second spin. On each spin,each
sector has equal chance of selection by the Total number of remainingcards =(52-8) =44
arrow. Find the probability that the fraction Now, there are 2 jacks, 2 kings of black colour
and 2 queens, 2 aces of red colour left.
> 1.
(A) Number of black queens =0
0
. Plgetting a black queen) = 44 =0

(B) Number of red cards = 26-4= 22


3 1
22 1
.Plgetting a red card) = 44

6
(C) Number of jacks of black colour =2
:. P(gettinga blackjac)= 44 22
(D) We know that jacks, queens and kings are
face cards.

Ans. For ,1, : Number of remaining face cords


b
When a = 1,b can not take any value
=(2+2+2) =6.
When a = 2, b can take one value i.e. 1 6 3
:P(getting afoce card) = 44 22
When a =3, b can take two values ie. 1,2

Probability N295
CASE BASED QUestions (CBQS)
[4 marks]
number divisible by 3
24, An unbiased game of chance as shown
below consists of spinning the wheel on 3
which different areas have been marked with 10
different colours such as Red, Yellow, Blue and 25. Pranav is very fond of collecting bals c
Orange denoted by the alphabets R Y, Band
O on the wheel respectively. Numbers have different colours. He has a total of 25 balls,
been marked on different parts and each of his basket out of which five balls are
these is equally likely. The prize depends on orange
in colour and eight are white. Out of
the number at which the arrow points once the remaining balls, some are blue in colour and
wheelcomes to a rest. the rest are yelloW.
R

36
31 5

R 25
7
o
19 16
B 12

(A) Find the probability that the arrow will (A) If the probability of drawing a yellow
point at aprime number. ball is twice the probability of drawing
(B) Find the probability that the arrow will a blue ball, then find the number of
point towards yellow colour Y. yellow balls.
(C) Find the probability of arrow pointing (B) Determine the probability of drawing
towards anumber divisible by 3. neither a yellow nor awhite bal.
Ans. (A) The probability of an event is (C) Find the probability of not drawing an
Number of outcomes favourable to E orange ball.
P(E) =
Total Number of possible outcomes Ans. (A) As the total number of balls in the bosket
The total numbers of possible outcomes is 25 and number of orange balls and
white balls is 13.
in this case are 10.
. Number of blue and yellow = balls
Out of the number, marked in the wheel
= 25-13 = 12
the prime numbers are 2, 5, 7, 19 and 31.
Let the number of yellow balls be x.
. Number of favourable outcomes = 5
Then, the number of blue balls = 12 -X.
:: Probability that the arrow will point at We knovw, Probability of an event E is
5
aprime number = given by
10
Number of outcomes favourable to E
1 PE)
Total number of possible outcomes
:. Probability of drawing a yellow ball =
(B) There are total four areas in yellow X

colour marked Y: 25
and probability of drawing a blue ball
: Probability that the arrow will point 12-x
towards yellow colour Y 25
4 2 It is given that
10 5
(C) Out of the given numbers, the numbers P(Yellow ball) = 2 x P(Blue bal).
divisible by 3 are 9, 12 and 36.
Probability of arrow pointing towards a

296 EduÇart Mathematics Class X


X24-2x
3x= 24 ball nor white ball
16 25-16 9
X=8.
25 25
Thereforenumber of yellow balls =8. (C) Number of oronge balls 5.
number of yellow balls 8 and . Probabilityof drawing an oronge ball
The rof whlte balls 8.
number 5
Total number of yellow balls + white
16
bolls 8
+8= We know, P() + P(E)=1.
Probabilityof drawing either a yellow Probablity of not drawing an oronge
:
ball 16 ball
boll or awhite 25
We know,P(E) + P(E) = 1,
: Probabilityof drawing neither a yellow

Probability 297

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