CSR N “I 10. 11. REVISION OF KEY CONCEPTS AND FORMULAE = 1m the experimental approach to probability, we find the probability of the occurrence of an imes and adequate recording Event by actually performing the experiment a number of times and adequ 6 Of the happening of event. In the theoretical approach to probability, we try to predict what will happen without ne Performing the experiment. An outcome of a random experiment is called an elementary event. Anevent associated toa random experiment is a compound event ifitis obtained by combining ‘wo or more elementary events associated to the random experiment. An event A associated to a random experiment is said to occur if any one of the clementary events associated to the event A is an outcome. Anclementary eventis said to be favourable to a compound event A, if it satisfies the definition of the compound event. If there are n elementary events associated with a random experiment and m of them are favourable to an event A, then the Probability of happening occurrence of event A is denoted by P(A) and is defined as the ratio “ n ie. p(qy = Favourable number of elementary events Total number of elementary events For any event A associated to a random experiment, (i) O< P(A)<1 Gi) P(A we have 1-P(A) The probability of a sure event is 1. The probability of an impossible event is 0. The sum of the probabilities of all the outcomes (elementary ever nts) of an experiment is 1. 234Hence, option (a) is correct. Mark the correct alternative in cach of the following: - - A bag contains three green marbles, four blue marbles, the probability that ij, Ifa digit is chosen at random from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8,9, then the pr 'Y that itis odd, is , : : 3 3 @ 5 © 5 O95 3 In Q. No. 1, the probability that the digit is at 2 5 = ® 9 © 5 O53 @ 3 - In Q.No. 1, the probability that the digit is a multiple of 3 is > 1 2 1 2 @ 3 ) 5 O95 @) 5 ~ If three coins are tossed simultaneously, then the probability of getting at least two heads, is 1 3 1 1 ms % 3 © 3 @ 5 Ina single throw of a die, the probability of getting a multiple of 3 is 1 1 1 2 @z %) 3 OF @ 3 x The probability of guessing the correct answer to a certain test questions is —. If the 2 2 Probability of not guessing the correct answer to this question is 3” then x= (a) 2 (b) 3 (4 (a) 6 and two orange marbles. If a marble is Picked at random, then the probability that it is not an orange marble is 1 1 4 @ Z ©) 5 O5 @z + A number is selected at random from the numbers 3, 5, 5,7, 7, 7,9,9,9,9. The probability that the selected number is their average is 1 3 7 @ a5 ©) 75 © i (@ 2 9. The probability of throwing a number Sreater than 2 with a fair dice is 3 2 2 (a) | % 5 (©) 3 (d) 3 10. Acardis accidently dropped froma pack of 52 playing cards, The Probability that it is an ace is 1 1 1 @ 5 ©) 0% @? 13 11. A number is selected from numbers 1 to 25. The Probability that it is prime ispos aorstT® \ 249 9 i 3. 5 z ©) 6 © 35 @% @ 3 pc of the FoHOW NE cannot be the probability of an event? y m2 @ -15 © 15% (a) 07 @ 3 hen P(not E) = nif) = 0.051 B un ae () 05 (© 09 (@ 095 wi sjuof the following cannot be the probability of occurence ofan event? ua wie (b) 04 (© 08 (@ 16 (a ° oe i ve probability of a certain event is 18. ano 1 © 12 (€) no existent so: Theprobability of impossible event is @o (b) 1 (©) 1/2 (d) non-existent ai sold 10 Tottery tickets in which 5 tickets carry prizes If riya purchased ticket, what 1 he probability of Priya winning a prize? ‘ 1 1 7 19 = — = @ 30 ©) 3 © @ 29 ss. Anumberis selected from first 50 natural numbers. Whats the probability that itis a multiple of 3 0r 5? 1B a 2 2B @ xs ©) 5 © 35 @ 1», Amonth is selected at random in a year. The probability that itis March or October, is 1 1 3 @ 3 % OF (@) none of these 20, From the letters of the word “MOBILE”, a letter is selected. The probability that the letter is a vowel, is an 3 1 nt @) 5 2 a a 3 0) 5 0% @ 5 21. A dieis thrown once. The probability of getting a prime number is 2 1 1 @3 & 5 Oz @= [CBSE 2013] 2 The " ‘The probability of getting an even number, when a die is thrown once is 1 a 1 1 5 na %) 5 0% Os (CBSE 2013] Ba . ia 10 4 9 % 1 90 ©) 99 © % @ [CBSE 2013] © The it , " of ability that a number selected at random from the numbers 1,2, 3,-~15is 2 multiple @ 4+ 2 1 1 1 = = 2014] _ ©) 35 Og @ 3 ice ma ae250 25. 26, 27. 28, 29, 30. 31. 32. 33. 35. 36. 37. MATHEMATICg Two different coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability of getting at least one head ig 1 3 Zz @ | ) 3 Og @ § ICBSE 29), 4) If two different dice are rolled together, the probability of getting an even number on both dice 5 , eS 1 1 a + @ 3% ) 5 OF @q (CBSE 2014) A number is selected at random from the numbers 1 to 30. The probability that itis a prime number is 2 1 1 pd @ 3 o © 3 @ 3 [CBSE 2014 Acard is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that the drawn card is not an ace is 4 12 @ b) 33 Og @ 73 (CBSE 2014) Two dice are thrown together. The probability of getting the same number on both dice is 1 1 1 @ 5 %) 3 OG @) ay [CBSE 2012) Ina family of 3 children, the probability of having at least one boy is 1 5 3 @ § o) 3 oO § @q [CBSE 2014} A bag contains cards numbered from 1 to 25. A card is drawn at random from the bag. The probability that the number on this card is divisible by both 2 and 3is 1 3 2 @ 5 © = © @ 3 {CBSE 2014) A number x is chosen at random from the numbers -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 the probability that Ixl<2is I 2 es a @ > &) 5 ©F @ 5 If a number x is chosen from the numbers 1, 2,3, and a number is selected from the numbers 1,4,9. Then, P(xy < 9) Zz 5 2 1 @ > o) > Og @ 5 The probability that a non-leap year has 53 Sundays, is 2 5 6 1 @ 7 ) 7 OF @ > Ina single throw of a pair of dice, the probability of getting the sum a perfect square is 1 Z 1 2 @ B ) 3g Og @ 5 What is the probability that a non-leap year has 53 Sundays? 6 5 @ > 7 OF (d) none of these Two numbers ‘a’ and ‘b’ are selected successively without replacement in that order from the a integers 1 to 10. The probability that jis an integer, isonnetl ivy r 1 a é 5 17, 17 oe i ve : © 96 5 qwo dice are rolled simultaneously. The probability that they show different faces i “ esis 6 1 03 ©) | © 4 ao wnat s the probability that a leap year has 53 Mondays? 3 jat is ; . 7 6 OF ) 7 © 5 wt sy qatwo git number is chosen at random, then the probability thatthe number chosen is 8 | ftp of 318 ; 2 " "e eo Og @ 35 7 tions contains STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and ST/ cqchof the following ques! 'ion) and STATEMENT-2 (Reason| Each following four choices (a), (b), (c) and (A), only one of which s the correct answer. Mark the ‘correct choice. 4 {2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1. ‘p) Siatement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2is nota correct explanation for Statement-l. Siatement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false. Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true. o) 4, Siatement-1 (Assertion): The probability that a leap year has 53 Sundays is 2 . statement2 (Reason): The probability that a non-leap year has 53 Sundays is i + Statement-l (Assertion): When a die is rolled, the probability of getting a number which is a multiple of 3 and 5 both is zero. Statement-2 (Reason): The probability of an impossible event is zero. *. Statement-1 (Assertion); A cubical die is rolled. The probability of getting a composite number is, Statement-2 (Reason): In a throw of a cubical die, the probability of getting a prime number m2 & is. Stement-l (Assertion): A number is selected from the numbers 1, 2,3, .. 10. The probability 1 Q that it is a root of the equation x* —2x+1=0 is 5. ey s ae (Reason): The equation x* - 2x +1=0 has two roots. “ment-l (Assertion): A four digit number is formed using the digits 1,2, 5, 6and § without 33 n, The probability that it is an even number is 5 The units digit of even number is also an even number. (Assertion): Avni and Manvi were born in the year 2000. The probability that repeti St Pe “fement-2 (Reason); Yatement-1 they have the same birthday is Leap year has 366 days. s = tatementa (Reesor 366 ae