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Mad PTT 1

The document provides an overview of Android OS features, including its architecture, the Dalvik Virtual Machine, and differences between DVM and JVM. It outlines steps for installing Android Studio, deploying applications on the Google Play Store, and essential tools for Android development. Additionally, it discusses UI design fundamentals and various UI layouts used in Android applications.

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khanrahilahmed407
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17 views6 pages

Mad PTT 1

The document provides an overview of Android OS features, including its architecture, the Dalvik Virtual Machine, and differences between DVM and JVM. It outlines steps for installing Android Studio, deploying applications on the Google Play Store, and essential tools for Android development. Additionally, it discusses UI design fundamentals and various UI layouts used in Android applications.

Uploaded by

khanrahilahmed407
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAD PTT 1

Q1) List any 4 features of Android OS. 2M


Ans:
1)​ Open Source
2)​ Multi-Tasking
3)​ User Interface
4)​ Media Support
5)​ Storage

Q2) Define Dalvik Virtual Machine. 2M


Ans:
The Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) is an android virtual machine optimized for mobile devices.
DVM is tailored specifically for Android devices, ensuring smooth application execution on
mobile phones.
It is designed to provide:
i) Efficient Memory Management ii) High Performance iii) Better Battery Life.

Q3) Describe Android Architecture with Diagram. 4M


Ans:
1. Applications:

●​ The topmost layer where native and third-party applications like Contacts, Email, Music,
Gallery, etc., reside.
●​ Applications run within the Android Runtime and utilize classes and services provided
by the Application Framework.

2. Application Framework:

●​ Provides essential classes and services for developing Android applications.


●​ Manages hardware access, user interface, and application resources.
●​ Key services include:
○​ Telephony Service: For phone functionality.
○​ Location Service: For GPS-based apps.
○​ Notification Manager: For system notifications.
○​ View System: For user interface elements.

3. Android Runtime:

●​ Powers Android applications and includes:


○​ Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM):
■​ Optimized for Android, enabling multiple app instances to run efficiently.
■​ Relies on the Linux Kernel for threading and memory management.
○​ Core Libraries:
■​ Allow the use of standard Java programming for Android app
development.

4. Platform Libraries:

●​ Includes essential C/C++ and Java libraries for Android development:


○​ Media Library: For audio and video playback.
○​ Surface Manager: For display management.
○​ SGL/OpenGL: For 2D/3D graphics.
○​ SQLite: For database management.
○​ WebKit: For browser support.
○​ SSL: For internet security.

5. Linux Kernel:

●​ The foundation of Android architecture and its "heart."


●​ Responsibilities include:
○​ Device drivers for hardware components (e.g., camera, Bluetooth, audio).
○​ Memory and power management.
○​ Resource access and device management.
●​ Acts as an abstraction layer between hardware and the software stack.
Q4) Diff Between DVM and JVM. 4M
Ans:

JVM DVM

Supports multiple operating systems. Supports only Android operating systems.

Runs on more memory. Runs on less memory.

Has different constant pools. Has a common constant pool.

Based on stack based virtual machine Based on register based virtual machine
architecture. architecture.

Executable format is JAR. Executable format is APK.

Q5) Write the steps to install and configure Android Studio. 4M


Ans:

Step 1: Download Android Studio

●​ Visit Android Studio’s official website.


●​ Click on the Download Android Studio button.
●​ Accept the terms and conditions by checking the box, then click Download.
●​ Save the file when prompted.

Step 2: Install Android Studio

●​ Open the downloaded file from the Downloads folder.


●​ The installation wizard will launch—click Next to continue.
●​ Choose the installation path and click Next.
●​ Click Install to start the process.

Step 3: Complete Installation

●​ Wait for the installation to finish.


●​ Once completed, click Finish to exit the setup wizard.

Step 4: Launch Android Studio

●​ Open Android Studio for the first time.


●​ If prompted, choose “Don’t import settings” (recommended for new installations).
●​ Click OK to proceed.

Step 5: Setup Wizard & SDK Components

●​ The Android Studio Setup Wizard will start and check for available SDK components.
●​ Click Next to continue.

Step 6: Choose Installation Preferences

●​ Select Standard Installation for default settings.


●​ Click Next.
●​ Choose a theme:
○​ Light Theme (IntelliJ)
○​ Dark Theme (Dracula)
●​ Click Next to proceed.

Step 7: Download Required Components

●​ Click Finish to start downloading the necessary SDK components.


●​ Wait for the process to complete.

Step 8: Start a New Android Studio Project

●​ Once setup is complete, the Welcome Screen appears.


●​ Click “Start a new Android Studio project” to begin app development.

Q6) List and elaborate steps to deploy an android application on google play store. 4M
Ans: To deploy an Android application on the Google Play Store, follow these steps:

1. Create a Google Play Developer Account

●​ Visit Google Play Console and sign up for a developer account.


●​ Pay a one-time registration fee.
●​ Fill in required details, accept terms, and complete verification.

2. Prepare Your Application

●​ Ensure your app is fully developed and tested on various devices.


●​ Optimize performance, fix bugs, and follow Google Play policies.
●​ Generate a signed APK/AAB (Android App Bundle) using Android Studio.
●​ Enable ProGuard (optional) to shrink and secure the app.

3. Create a New App Listing

●​ In Google Play Console, click "Create App" and fill in details like:
○​ App name, category, description
○​ App icon, screenshots, feature graphic
●​ Provide a privacy policy URL if required.
4. Upload and Release the App

●​ Navigate to "App Releases" and create a new release.


●​ Upload the signed APK/AAB file.
●​ Complete content rating questionnaire.
●​ Set up pricing & distribution (Free/Paid, countries).
●​ Submit for review. Once approved, the app goes live on the Play Store.

Q7) Name 2 Classes used to play audio and video in android. 2M


Ans: 1) Media Player 2) Video View

Q8) What are the tools and software required for developing an android application. 4M
Ans:
Tools for Android Application Development:

●​ ADB (Android Debug Bridge)


●​ AVD Manager
●​ Fabric
●​ FlowUp
●​ Genymotion

Software for Android Application Development:

●​ Android Studio
●​ Eclipse
●​ GameMaker: Studio
●​ Gradle
●​ IntelliJ IDEA

Q9) What is Android SDK. 2M


Ans:
Android SDK (Software Development Kit) is a collection of tools and libraries for developing
Android applications. It includes essential components like SDK tools, APIs, and the Android
Emulator, and is used within Android Studio.

Q10) What is an Android Virtual Device? 2M


Ans:
Android Virtual Device (AVD) is an emulator configuration that simulates an Android device for
testing applications without physical hardware. It is configured and managed through Android
Studio’s AVD Manager.
Q11) What is Directory Structure? 2M
Ans:
Directory Structure refers to the organization of files and folders within a project. In Android
development, it defines how source code, resources, and configuration files are arranged to
ensure an organized and efficient workflow.

Q12) What are the fundamentals of UI Design.


Ans:
1) Views: The basic building block for the user interface, created from the View class. Views are
responsible for drawing content on the screen and handling user interactions. Common
examples are Button, ImageButton, TextView, and ProgressBar.

2) ViewGroup: A subclass of View, providing a container for other views or view groups. It helps
organize the layout and sequence of child views. Examples include LinearLayout and
FrameLayout.

3) Fragments: Represent portions of the user interface within an Activity. They allow for more
flexible and reusable UI elements, especially useful for optimizing layouts across different
screen sizes. Fragments encapsulate UI elements and receive input events while being tightly
bound to the parent activity.

4) Activities: Represent individual screens in an app where users interact. An Activity dictates
the UI and manages user interaction. It assigns views (layouts or fragments) to display the
interface.

Q13) What are the UI Layouts. 2/4M


Ans: UI Layouts in Android define the structure and arrangement of user interface components.
They help organize and present views in different ways.
Some common UI layouts are:
1.​ LinearLayout: Arranges child views in a single direction, either vertically or horizontally.
2.​ RelativeLayout: Displays child views in positions relative to each other.
3.​ TableLayout: Groups views into rows and columns, like a table.
4.​ AbsoluteLayout: Allows specifying the exact position of child views on the screen.
5.​ FrameLayout: A placeholder to display a single view on the screen.
6.​ ListView: Displays a list of scrollable items.
7.​ GridView: Displays items in a two-dimensional scrollable grid.

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