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dc-_lecture_05-06

The document covers lectures on digital communication systems, focusing on detection techniques and the maximum likelihood receiver. It discusses the role of matched filters, probabilities in decision-making, and methods to mitigate inter-symbol interference (ISI) through equalization. Various pulse shaping techniques and their impact on signal quality are also explored.

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Zain Qureshi
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6 views70 pages

dc-_lecture_05-06

The document covers lectures on digital communication systems, focusing on detection techniques and the maximum likelihood receiver. It discusses the role of matched filters, probabilities in decision-making, and methods to mitigate inter-symbol interference (ISI) through equalization. Various pulse shaping techniques and their impact on signal quality are also explored.

Uploaded by

Zain Qureshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Communication Systems

Lecture-05 and 06
EE-5302 Fall-2020

Department of Electrical Engineering

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Detection

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Detection

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Detection

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Detection

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Detection

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Detection

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Detection

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Detection

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Maximum Likelihood Receiver

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Maximum Likelihood Receiver

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Maximum Likelihood Receiver

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Maximum Likelihood Receiver

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Maximum Likelihood Receiver

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Detection
 Matched filter reduces the received signal to a single variable z(T), after
which the detection of symbol is carried out
 The concept of maximum likelihood detector is based on Statistical
Decision Theory
 It allows us to
 formulate the decision rule that operates on the data

 optimize the detection criterion

H 1

z (T ) 
 0
H 2

15
Probabilities Review

 P[s1], P[s2]  a priori probabilities


 These probabilities are known before transmission
 P[z]
 probability of the received sample
 p(z|s1), p(z|s2)
 conditional pdf of received signal z, conditioned on the class si
 P[s1|z], P[s2|z]  a posteriori probabilities
 After examining the sample, we make a refinement of our
previous knowledge
 P[s1|s2], P[s2|s1]
 wrong decision (error)
 P[s1|s1], P[s2|s2]
 correct decision

16
Detection of Binary Signal in Gaussian Noise

The output of the filtered sampled at T is a Gaussian random process

17
Matched Filter and Correlation
 The impulse response of a filter producing maximum output
signal-to-noise ratio is the mirror image of message signal s(t),
delayed by symbol time duration T.
 The filter designed is called a MATCHED FILTER and is given
by:

 ks (T  t ) 0  t  T
h (t )  
0 else where

18
Digital Receiver
 The working of a digital receiver can be divided into three
parts:
 Reshaping of incoming pulse with the help of equalizer
 Extracting timing information for the best sampling instant
 Decision making about the received signal

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping
 Sinc Pulse Shaping

 Raise Cosine Pulse Shaping

 Gaussian Pulse Shaping

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Pulse Shaping and ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

 It occurs in baseband (wired) transmission.

 Pulses are transmitted in baseband transmission.

 Channel introduces spread of pulses in time domain.

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Inter Symbol Interference ISI

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Equalization

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Equalization
 Technique used independently or in tandem to improve
receiver signal quality.

 Equalization compensates for ISI created by multipath with


time dispersive channels

 The term equalization can be used to describe any signal


processing operation that can be used to minimizes ISI :

 Linear Equalization
 Non-Linear Equalization

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Classification of Equalizers

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Equalization

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Equalization

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Equalization

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Equalization

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Equalization

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Equalization

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Equalization

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Equalization

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