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Philippine History Reviewer

The document discusses key aspects of Philippine history, focusing on historical interpretation, myths, and significant events such as the Cavite Mutiny and the Cry of Rebellion. It highlights the importance of multiperspectivity in understanding history, the controversies surrounding figures like Rizal, and differing accounts of events like the First Mass. Additionally, it provides quick tips for memorization of critical historical details.

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Maynard Pagauitan
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15 views2 pages

Philippine History Reviewer

The document discusses key aspects of Philippine history, focusing on historical interpretation, myths, and significant events such as the Cavite Mutiny and the Cry of Rebellion. It highlights the importance of multiperspectivity in understanding history, the controversies surrounding figures like Rizal, and differing accounts of events like the First Mass. Additionally, it provides quick tips for memorization of critical historical details.

Uploaded by

Maynard Pagauitan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Philippine History Reviewer

Case Studies & Historical Debates

1. Historical Interpretation & Multiperspectivity


- Geoffrey Barraclough: History is finding significance in fragmentary evidence.

- Historical Interpretation: Historians explain the past using sources and perspectives.

- Key Aspects: Perspective, evidence, changes over time, politics, debates.

- Multiperspectivity: Multiple viewpoints in history for critical understanding.

- Importance: Avoids bias, promotes critical thinking, encourages empathy, recognizes diversity.

2. Historical Myths & Debates


- Code of Kalantiaw: Fake legal code from Maragtas, pride of Aklan before exposed as hoax.

- Sa Aking Mga Kabata: Poem attributed to Rizal (age 8); authenticity is questioned.

3. First Mass Controversy


- Francisco Albo: Pilot of Magellan's ship, described Leyte, no mention of Mass.

- Antonio Pigafetta: Eyewitness, described Mass at Mazaua (Limasawa).

- Limasawa: Supported by Pigafetta & NHCP.

- Butuan: Backed by tradition, artifacts, Rajah Siagu's presence.

4. Cavite Mutiny (1872)


- Event: Workers rebelled, led by Francisco La Madrid, led to Gomburza execution.

- Causes: Loss of privileges, liberal ideas, poor labor conditions.

- Jose Montero y Vidal: Described mutiny as conspiracy.

- Gov. Rafael Izquierdo: Claimed mutiny was revolution, blamed foreign ideas.

- Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera: Said mutiny was exaggerated by Spanish; Gomburza innocent.

5. Rizal's Retraction Controversy


- Issue: Did Rizal retract anti-Spanish beliefs before death?

- 1896 Newspaper Version: Spanish propaganda, unsigned.

- Official Version (1935): Found in archives, claimed signed.

- Fr. Balaguer's Version (1901): Eyewitness, claimed Rizal married Bracken.

- Retana Version (1907): Different wording, no signature.

- Controversy: Authenticity of documents doubted; possible forgery.

6. Cry of Rebellion (Cry of Pugad Lawin)


- Event: August 1896, start of revolution, Katipuneros tore cedulas.

- Teodoro Agoncillo: Pugad Lawin, August 23, mass uprising.

- Pio Valenzuela: Secret meeting, no cedula tearing.

- Guillermo Masangkay: Balintawak, August 26, cedula tearing.

- Gregoria de Jesus: Balintawak, Bonifacio as true leader.

- Julio Nakpil: Cry was response to Spanish crackdown, Bonifacio supreme leader.

Quick Tips for Memorization


- Pigafetta = Limasawa

- Butuan = Local tradition + artifacts

- Izquierdo & Vidal = Spanish side (conspiracy)

- Tavera = Filipino side (exaggeration)

- Cry of Rebellion = Cedulas torn (Masangkay, Agoncillo), No cedula tearing (Valenzuela)

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