USN

Bangalore Institute of Technology

(An Autonomous Institution under VTU, Belagavi & Recognized by AICTE,
New Delhi)
Department of Civil Engineering (Structural Engineering)
II-Test
Course: Structural Dynamics Course Code: MCV114D
Semester: 1 Time: 11:30 AM to 01:00 PM Date: 28-01-2025
Maximum Marks: 20 Duration: 1 Hour Faculty Name: Dr. Prasad Gowda C
Note: Answer one full questions from Part-A and Part-B
Part-A Marks CO RB
L
1 Explain the behavior of SDOF system subjected to a harmonic 10 3 3
excitation with reference to Dynamic magnification factor versus
frequency ratio and phase angle versus frequency ratio under different
damping ratios.
OR
2 A single cylinder vertical diesel engine has a mass of 400kg and is 10 1,2 4
mounted on a steel chassis frame. The static deflection owing to the
weight of the chassis is 2.4mm. The reciprocating mass of the engine
is 18kg and the stroke of the engine is 160 mm. A dashpot with a
damping coefficient of 2N/mm/s is also used to dampen the vibration.
In the steady state of vibration, determine (a) the amplitude of the
vibration if the driving shaft rotates at 500 rpm and (b) the speed of
the driving shaft when the resonance occurs.
Part-B
3 A 1000 kg machine is mounted on 4 identical springs of total 10 1,2 4
6
K=1.96x10 N/m and having damping of 5% of critical. The machine
is subjected to harmonic external force of amplitude 490 N and
frequency 180 rpm. Determine steady state amplitude of motion of
machine and force transferred to foundation.
OR
4 Write a note on seismic instruments: i) Seismometer ii) 10 2,3 2
Accelerometer

Course Coordinator Module Coordinator IQAC Program Coordinator

 Bangalore Institute of Technology
(An Autonomous Institution under VTU, Belagavi &
Recognized by AICTE, New Delhi)
Department of Civil Engineering (Structural Engineering)
II-Test
Course Code: MCV114D Faculty Name: Dr. Prasad Gowda C

Scheme and solution Marks

A plot of the amplitude of a response quantity against the excitation frequency is called
a frequency-response curve.
The magnitude of this reduction is strongly dependent on the excitation frequency and is
examined next for three regions of the excitation-frequency scale:
1 1. If the frequency ratio ϖ <1, DMF is only slightly larger than 1 and is essentially 10
independent of damping. This result implies that the amplitude of dynamic response is
essentially the same as the static deformation and is controlled by the stiffness of the
system.
2. If ϖ >1, DMF tends to zero as ϖ increases and is essentially unaffected by damping.
For large values of ϖ, the (ϖ)4 term is dominant, which can be approximated by uo =
𝐹𝑜
. This result implies that the response is controlled by the mass of the system.
𝑚𝜔 2
3. If ϖ=1,DMF is very sensitive to damping and, for the smaller damping values, DMF
can be several times larger than 1, implying that the amplitude of dynamic response can
𝐹𝑜
be much larger than the static deformation. If ω = ωn, gives uo = 𝑐 ωn. This result implies
that the response is controlled by the damping of the system. 3

The phase angle φ, which defines the time by which the response lags behind the force,
varies with ϖ as shown in Fig. It is examined next for the same three regions of the
excitation-frequency scale:
1. If ϖ<1 (i.e., the force is “slowly varying”), φ is close to 0◦ and the displacement is
essentially in phase with the applied force. When the force acts to the right, the system
would also be displaced to the right.
 2. If ϖ>1 (i.e., the force is “rapidly varying”), φ is close to 180◦ and the displacement is
essentially of opposite phase relative to the applied force. When the force acts to the right,
the system would be displaced to the left.
3. If ϖ = 1 (i.e., the forcing frequency is equal to the natural frequency), φ = 90◦ for all
values of ζ , and the displacement attains its peaks when the force passes through zeros. 3
Given data

Stroke length
m  400kg:  st  2.4mm : mo  18kg : e   80mm
2
F 400  9.81
C  2 103 N  s :k    1.635 106 N 3
m  st 0.0024 m
C C
   0.0391  3.91% : n  k  63.933 rad
CC 2 km m sec
2   2 N  52.3598 rad : 
 52.3598
  0.8189 3 10
60 sec n 63.933
( a )The Steady State Amplitude @ 500 rpm
mo e 2 1
X dyn   7.194mm 2
m
1     2 
2 2 2

( b ) The speed @ Resonance i.e,   1

2 N 2
X dyn  30.871mm &    63.933  N  610.5 611rpm
60

Given Data : m = 1000 kg; K = 1.96×106 N / m; ξ = 0.05; Fo = 490N 3

 = 18.85 rad / sec; n = 44.27 rad / sec ;  = 0.425

Fo 1
X Dyn   0.3047mm 2
3
k
1     2 
2 2 2
10

1   2 
2
P 2
TR    1.22
Fo 1     2 
2 2 2

FT  1.22 Fo  597.8 N 3
1

2
 Seismometer:

10

X 2

Y
1     2 
2 2 2
2
To satisfy the above equation the frequency ratio, r, must be large, i.e natural frequency
of vibrometer must be low compared to that of vibration to be measured. i.e n  k
m
must be low, it can be achieved by higher mass and lower stiffness of the spring. This
condition results in bulky instrumen.
Accelerometer: 3
The seismic instrument can be calibrated so that the record directly gives value of
acceleration of base excitation.

X 1

Y
1     2 
2 2 2
2
For accelerometer, the frequency ratio, r, must be very small between 0-0.6 Since, r is
small for accelerometer, the natural frequency of vibration should be high compared to
the frequency of vibration of base. As n  k , for condition to be satisfied seismic
m
mass should be small and spring stiffness should be high. This indicates this instrument
1
will be small in size    0.707 Is more suited for seismic instruments. 3
2

Course Coordinator Module Coordinator IQAC Program Coordinator