CHAPTER 2:

2.1 BASIC CONCEPT OF VECTORS

1. Which of the given quantity is a vector?
(A) Pressure (B) Kinetic energy
(C) Momentum (D) Volume
2. What happens if a vector is multiplied by a number 2?
(A) The magnitude of the vector is doubled but its direction remains the same
(B) The magnitude of the vector remains the same but its direction is reversed
(C) The magnitude of the vector is doubled and its direction is reversed
(D) Neither the magnitude nor the direction of the vector undergoes any change
3. Vectors have:
(A) Numerical properties (B) Directional properties
(C) Both numerical and directional properties (D) None of these
4. A physical quantity which as both magnitude and direction and also satisfies parallelogram
law of addition:
(A) Must be a vector
(B) May be both scale and vector
(C) May be a vector (D) Scalar
5. A null vector has:
(A) Zero magnitude and a specific direction
(B) A finite magnitude and no specific direction
(C) A finite magnitude and a specific direction
(D) Zero magnitude and no specific directions
6. If ̂ and ̂ are unit vector along x-axis and y-axis respectively, the magnitude of vector ̂ ̂
will be:
(A) 1 (B) √
(C) √ (D) 2
7. Pick out the only vector quantity:
(A) Pressure (B) Impulse
(C) Gravitational potential (D) Coefficient of friction
8. The resultant of the two vectors of magnitude 5 and 6 is 1. The angle between them is:
(A) 60o (B) 180o
(C) 90o (D) 30o
9. The vector in space has:
(A) Two components (B) One component
(C) Three components (D) Four components
10. A unit vector is obtained by dividing the vector with:
(A) Its magnitude and direction (B) Its directions
(C) Scalar quantity (D) Its magnitude
11. A force of 5N is acting along y-axis. Its component along x-axis is:
(A) 5N (B) Zero
(C) 10N (D) 2.5N
12. At what angle components of a vector have same magnitude?
(A) 0o (B) 30o
o
(C) 45 (D) 90o
13. If ⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂. Then magnitude of A is:
(A) 4 (B) 14
(C) √ (D) None of these
14. A physical quantity which has both magnitude and direction but does not satisfies
parallelogram law of addition?
 (A) Must be a vector
(B) May be both scalar and vector
(C) May be a vector (D) Scalar
15. What is the minimum number of vectors which can give zero resultant?
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) Infinite
16. The vector sum of the forces of 10 newton and 6 newton can be:
(A) 2N (B) 8N
(C) 18N (D) 20N
17. ̂
The unit vector in the direction of 4 ̂ + 4 ̂ - 2 is:
(A) ̂ ̂ ̂ (B) 5 ̂ - ̂
(C) ̂ ̂ ̂ (D) ̂ ̂ ̂
18. |̂ ̂ ̂| = ?
(A) √ (B) √
(C) √ (D) √
19. Y-component of a vector is √ times of its x-component. The angle which vector makes x-
axis is:
(A) 45o (B) 60o
(C) 30o (D) 75o
20. Which of the given vector has magnitude 1?
(A) √ ̂ √ ̂ √ ̂ (B) ̂ ̂ ̂
√ √ √
(C) √ ̂ √ ̂ (D) All have magnitude 1
21. If vector A makes an angle Ɵ with x-axis, its x-component is:
(A) A sin Ɵ (B) A tan Ɵ
(C) A cos Ɵ (D) Asin x
22. Which of the following is not a vector?
(A) Pressure (B) Magnetic force
(C) Displacement (D) Weight
23. The reverse process of addition of vectors is called:
(A) Multiplication of vectors (B) Subtraction of vectors
(C) Resolution of vectors (D) Negative of vectors
24. The expression = __________.
(A) Unit vector (B) Null vector
(C) Position vector (D) 2
25. The value of x – component on y – axis is:
(A) One (B) Maximum
(C) Zero (D) Cannot be defined
26. ́
(A) (B) A
(C) (D)
27. Unit vector is used to specify:
(A) Direction of a vector (B) Position of a vector
(C) Magnitude of a vector (D) Resultant of a vector
28. A vector which has zero magnitude is called:
(A) Null vector (B) Equal vector
(C) Unit vector (D) Resultant vector
29. When a vector A is multiplied by a negative number than its direction:
(A) Remains same (B) Changed by 180o
 (C) Does not change (D) None of these
30. If a force of 10N makes an angle of 30o with x-axis, its x-component’s given by:
(A) 86.6 N (B) 0.866 N
(C) 8.66 N (D) None of these
31. Two forces of 10N and 7N respectively are acting to an object. The minimum value of their
resultant is:
(A) 0N (B) 10N
(C) 7N (D) 3N
32. If a force of 50 N is acting along x-axis, then its component along y-axis will be:
(A) The same (B) Zero
(C) 25 N (D) None of these
33. Parallel vectors of same magnitudes:
(A) Are equal (B) Are unequal
(C) When added, give the sum equal to null vector
(D) When added, given the sum equal to same magnitude
34. If a number of vectors given a single vector which would have same effect as all original
vectors taken together, then that single vector is called?
(A) Unit vector (B) Positive vector
(C) Resultant vector (D) None
35. Two vectors to be combined have magnitudes 60N and 35N. Pick the possible answer:
(A) 100 N (B) 70 N
(C) 20 N (D) Zero
36. A vector of 10N makes an angle of 45o with x-axis. Angle between its rectangular
components with be:
(A) 45o (B) 90o
o
(C) 135 (D) Zero
o
37. If two-unit vectors are inclined at angle of 90 , the magnitude of their resultant will be:
(A) 2 (B) √
(C) √ (D) Zero
38. The minimum number of vectors of unequal magnitude required to produce a zero
resultant is:
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) Infinite
39. If Ax = Ay, then the angle which the vector A makes with x-axis is:
(A) 30o (B) 45o
(C) 60o (D) 90o
40. The magnitude of the resultant of 3 ̂ and ̂ is:
(A) 1 (B) 5
(C) 7 (D) 16
41. The magnitude of the resultant of two forces is minimum when the angle between them is:
(A) 0o (B) 45o
o
(C) 60 (D) 180o
42. The vector sum of 8 coplanar forces each of magnitude F, when force is making an angle of
with that preceding it, is:
(A) F (B) 8F
(C) 4F (D) Zero
43. Two vectors 4 ̂ + 7 ̂ and 2 ̂ + ̂ are added. The magnitude of the sum of these vectors is:
(A) 36 (B) 100
(C) √125 (D) √136
44. Addition of two vectors gives maximum resultant, when the vectors are:
 (A) Parallel (B) Anti-parallel
(C) Perpendicular (D) All
45. Power is a quantity:
(A) Scalar (B) Vector
(C) Both A and B (D) None
46. If ⃗⃗ ̂ ̂ makes an angle of with positive y-axis then what is the magnitude of its
y-component:
(A) 5.66 (B) 6.66
(C) 7.66 (D) 8.66
47. Two lines drawn perpendicular to each other are known as:
(A) Vector line (B) Scaler lines
(C) Coordinate exes (D) All
48. A plane is formed by:
(A) Two axes (B) Single lines
(C) Three axes (D) All
49. In head to tail rule resultant vector is directed from:
(A) Last vector 1st vector (B) First to last vector
(C) Both A & B
(D) Resultant has arbitrary direction
50. Vector subtraction is:
(A) Commutative (B) Non commutative
(C) Sometimes commutative, sometimes non commutative
(D) None of these
51. If vectors ⃗ and ⃗ are anti parallel to each other, then their resultant is:
(A) ⃗ (B) ⃗
(C) 2 (D) 2 ⃗
52. By multiplication of a vector with n > o, its magnitude:
(A) Remains constant (B) Become half
(C) Becomes zero (D) Becomes n- times
53. When a vector is multiplied by a scalar quantity result is:
(A) Scalar quantity (B) Vector quantity
(C) Both scale and vector quantity (D) All of above
54. Magnitude of a null vector is:
(A) One (B) Zero
(C) Arbitrary (D) All of these
55. A component of a vector is its effective value in a given:
(A) Space (B) Plane
(C) Direction (D) Axis
56. Rectangular components of a vector are:
(A) Parallel to each other
(B) Antiparallel to each other
(C) Perpendicular to each other (D) All of these
57. Position vector describes the location of a point with respect to:
(A) Origin (B) Space
(C) Plane (D) All of these
58. The angle between two rectangular components of any vector is:
(A) 30o (B) 50o
(C) 180o, 0o (D) 90o
59. Position vector of point in x – z plane is given by:
(A) ̂ ̂ (B) ̂ ̂
 (C) ̂ ̂ (D) ̂ ̂ ̂
60. The Fx component of a force vector ⃗ of a magnitude 30N making an angle of 60 with x-
o

axis:
(A) 7N (B) 15N
(C) 5N (D) 10N
61. To add vectors, we add their representation lines by:
(A) Head to tail rule (B) Right hand rule
(C) Right hand rule (D) Hit and trail principle
2.2 VECTOR ADDITION BY RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS
1. The magnitude of the resultant of two vectors of magnitude 3 units and 4 units is 5 units.
What is the angle between two vectors?
(A) π/4 (B) π/2
(C) 3 π/4 (D) π
2. If Rx is + ve and Ry is -ve then resultant vector lies in which quadrant:
(A) 3rd Quadrant (B) 2nd Quadrant
th
(C) 4 Quadrant (D) 1st Quadrant
3. If Rx is negative and Ry is positive vector, the direction of resultant is given by:
(A) = φ (B) = 180 - φ
(C) = 180 + φ (D) = 360 - φ
4. If Rx is negative and Ry is positive, the direction of resultant is given by:
(A) = φ (B) = 180 - φ
(C) = 180 + φ (D) = 360 - φ
5. If two vectors of magnitude F1 and F2 act on a body at an angle Ɵ, the magnitude of their
resultant is:
(A) √
(B) √
(C) √
(D) (√ )
6. Angle between two forces F1 and F2 act on a body is 90. Their resultant F will have
magnitude equal to:
(A) √
(B) √
(C) √
(D) (√ )
7. Two forces each of 10 N magnitude act on a body. If the forces are inclined at and
respectively with x-axis, then x-component of their resultant is:
(A) 20 N (B) 13.66 N
(C) 10 N (D) 8.66 N
8. When the magnitude of two component vectors are equal to that of their resultant, then the
angle between the component is:
(A) 60o (B) 90o
o
(C) 120 (D) 150o
9. If the magnitude of vectors A, B and C are 12, 5 and 13 units respectively and A + B = C
then angle between vectors A and B is:
(A) 45o (B) 180o
(C) 90o (D) 0o
10. If the resultant of two forces each of magnitude F is also of magnitude F, then the angle
between them is:
 (A) 60o (B) 90o
o
(C) 120 (D) 180o
11. If both rectangular components of a vectors are equal and negative, the angle which the
vectors make with + x-axis is:
(A) 45o (B) 145o
(C) 225o (D) 325o
12. If we have two vectors of magnitude 4 and 3 respectively and angle between them is 120 ,
what is magnitude of resultant?
(A) √ (B) √
(C) √ (D) √
13. If ⃗ ̂ ̂ then this vector makes an angle with +ve x-axis is:
(A) 49 (B) 59
(C) 249 (D) 349
14. Resultant of two forces 3N and 4N acting at right angle to each other, will be:
(A) 5 (B) 6
(C) 2 (D) 7
15. If ⃗ =4 ̂, ⃗⃗ ̂ them angle of ⃗ + ⃗⃗ with x-axis is equal to:
(A) 45 (B) 135
(C) 225 (D) 315
2.3 PRODUCT OF TWO VECTORS
1. Given ⃗⃗ = ⃗ + ⃗⃗ and ⃗⃗ = ⃗ - ⃗⃗ . If the magnitude of vectors ⃗⃗ and ⃗⃗ are equal, what is the
angle between the two vectors ⃗ and ⃗⃗ ?
(A) π (B) π/3
(C) π/2 (D) π/4
2. Which of the following vector is/are perpendicular to the vector 4i-3j:
(A) 4i + 3j (B) 6i
(C) 7k (D) 3i - 4j
3. A particle moves from position ⃗⃗⃗ = 3i+4j-6k to position ⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 14i + 13j + 9k under the action
of a force ⃗ = (4i + j + 3k). The work done by the force is:
(A) 50 units (B) 75 units
(C) 100 units (D) 200 units
4. Given ⃗ . ⃗⃗ = 0 and ⃗ ⃗ = ⃗ what is angle between ⃗⃗ and ⃗ ?

(A) 45 (B) 90

(C) 135 (D) 180

5. The resultant of two vectors of magnitudes 3 units and 4 units is 1 unit what is the
magnitude of their cross product:
(A) 12 units (B) 7 units
(C) 1 unit (D) Zero
6. Given ⃗ = 2 ̂ + 3 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = ̂ + ̂. The magnitude of component of vector A along vector B is:
(A) 1/√2 (B) 3/√2
(C) 5/√2 (D) 7/√2
7. If ⃗ = 4 ̂ + 3 ̂ – 2̂ and ⃗⃗ = 8 ̂ + 6 ̂ - 4̂, the angle between A and B is:
(A) 45 (B) 60
(C) 0 (D)90
8. ̂(̂ ̂ )
(A) 1 (B) 0
(C) -1 (D) ⃗
9. If ̂ ̂ ̂ ̂
 (A) 2J (B) 6J
(C) 4J (D)8J
10. Scalar product of two vectors obeys ___________ law:
(A) Commutative (B) Distributive
(C) Associative (D) All
11. Dot product of two non-zero vectors is zero (a. b=0) when angle between them is:
(A) 30 (B) 60
(C) 45 (D) 90
12. The cross product of i x i = j x j = k x k is equal to:
(A) 1 (B) -1
(C) i (D) zero
13. If ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ , then the angle between ⃗ ⃗⃗ is:
(A) π (B) π/3
(C) π/2 (D) π/4
14. The vector ⃗ ⃗⃗ are such that | ⃗ ⃗| ⃗ ⃗ then the angle between the two vectors
⃗ and ⃗ will be:
(A) 0o (B) 60o
o
(C) 90 (D)180o
15. If ⃗ ⃗⃗ |⃗ ⃗⃗ |, then angle Ɵ between vector ⃗ and ⃗⃗ is:
(A) 0 (B) π/4
(C) π/2 (D) π
16. A force ̂ ̂ N act on a body and displaces it from (2, 3)m to (6, 5)m. the work done by
this force is:
(A) 4 J (B) 8 J
(C) 6 J (D) 10 J
17. Magnitude of A x B is:
(A) Area of circle (B) Area of parallelogram
(C) Area of rectangle (D) Area of triangle
18. Consider a vector 4 ̂ ̂ another vector that is perpendicular to it is:
(A) ̂ ̂ (B) ̂ ̂
(C) 7 ̂ (D) Both B and C
19. The angle between ̂ ̂ ̂ ̂ is:
(A) 30o (B) 60o
(C) 90o (D)45o
20. The cross product of two vectors is a negative vector when they are:
(A) Parallel (B) Anti parallel
(C) Perpendicular (D) None
21. The self-scalar product of A is given by:
(A) √A (B) 1/A
(C) A2 (D) A
22. If A x B points along positive z-axis, then vector A and B will lie in:
(A) zx – plane (B) xy – plane
(C) xz – plane (D) None
23. If ⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂ and ⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂ What will be the value of A.B?
(A) 9 (B) -9
(C) 5 (D)10
24. The dot product of ̂ ̂ ̂ ̂ ̂ ̂ is equal to:
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) -1 (D) 2
25. Distance AB between points A (2, 3, 4) and B (-5, 6, 7) is given by:
 (A) ̂ ̂ ̂ (B) ̂ ̂ ̂
(C) ̂ ̂ ̂ (D) ̂ ̂ ̂
26. Area of parallelogram formed by A and B as two adjacent sides is equal to:
(A) AB (B) AB cos Ɵ
(C) AB sin Ɵ (D) AB tan Ɵ
27. If ⃗ ̂ ̂ and ⃗⃗ ̂ ̂ , then angle between A and B will be nearly:
(A) 90o (B) 180o
(C) 270o (D) 360o
28. The magnitude of dot product and cross product of two vectors is 10 in each case. Find the
angle between two vectors:
(A) 45o (B) 60o
o
(C) 90 (D) 0o
29. The two vectors have magnitudes 3 and 5. If angle between them is 60o, then the dot product
of two vectors will be:
(A) 7.5 (B) 6.5
(C) 8.4 (D) 7.9
30. Dot product of two perpendicular vectors of magnitude ‘A’ will be:
(A) A (B) 2A
(C) 0 (D) A2
31. The self-cross product of A is given by:
(A) √ (B)
(C) A2 (D) null vector
2.4 TORQUE
1. S.I. unit for torque is:
(A) Nm-1 (B) Nm
(C) Nm-2 (D) None
2. If r = 5m and f = 4N are along same direction then torque is:
(A) 5N – m (B) 20 N – m
(C) 10Nm (D) Zero
3. If a body is rotating with constant angular velocity its torque will be:
(A) 0 (B) Maximum
(C) May is zero (D) None of these
4. When line of action of applied force passes through the pivot point then torque will be:
(A) Maximum (B) Constant
(C) Negative (D) Zero
5. If position vector ⃗ and force ⃗ are perpendicular to each other then torque will be:
(A) Maximum (B) Zero
(C) Minimum (D) None
6. Torque depends on:
(A) Force (B) Moment arm
(C) Both A & B (D) None
7. In rotational motion the analogue of force is:
(A) Moment arm (B) Torque
(C) Moment of inertia (D) None
8. If position vector ⃗ and force ⃗ are in same direction then torque will be:
(A) Maximum (B) Minimum
(C) Same (D) Zero
9. Moment arm is the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to:
(A) Infinity (B) Center of curvature
(C) Centre of gravity (D) Axis of rotation
10. Torque is rotational analogous of:
(A) Momentum (B) Force
(C) Weight (D) Axis of rotation
11. Rotation body has zero angular acceleration if:
(A) Torque acting on it is zero (B) Force acting on it is zero
(C) Momentum is zero (D) Kinetic energy is zero
12. The physical quantity which produces angular acceleration in the body is called:
(A) Force (B) Momentum
(C) Centripetal force (D) Torque
13. ⃗
Torque has maximum value of angle between ⃗ and is:
(A) 30o (B) 45o
o
(C) 60 (D) 90o
14. The torque is called:
(A) Angular velocity (B) Momentum of inertia
(C) Moment of force (D) Moment arm
2.5 EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES AND TORQUES
1. A mass of weight W is suspended by a light string. When a strong wind blows horizontally it
exerts a force F on the ball, the thread makes an angle Ɵ to the vertical. Which of the
equation correctly relates Ɵ, F and W.
(A) cos Ɵ = W/F (B) sin Ɵ = F/W
(C) tan Ɵ = W/F (D) tan Ɵ = F/W
2. First condition of equilibrium is:
(A) ∑ ⃗ (B) ∑ ⃗
(C) Both A & B (D) None
3. For the complete equilibrium:
(A) Linear acceleration is zero (B) Both zero
(C) Angular acceleration is zero (D) None is zero
4. For a body to be in complete equilibrium:
(A) a = 0 and α (B) ∑
(C) ∑ (D) None of these
5. When body is at rest or rotating with uniform angular velocity, it has:
(A) Zero angular acceleration (B) Rotationally equilibrium
(C) Zero torque (D) All are correct
6. Second condition of equilibrium is:
(A) ∑ ⃗ (B) ∑ ⃗
(C) Both A & B (D) None
7. If a body at rest it will in:
(A) Static equilibrium (B) Dynamic equilibrium
(C) Translational equilibrium (D) Unstable equilibrium

Short questions
1. Define the terms (1) unit vector (2) position vector (3) components of a vector.
2. The vector sum of three vectors gives a zero resultant. What can be the orientation of
the vectors?
3. Vector A lies in the xy plane .for what orientation will both of its rectangular
components be negative? For what orientation will its components have opposite
signs?
4. If one of the rectangular components of a vector is not zero, can its magnitude be
zero? Explain.
5. Can a vector have a component greater than the vectors magnitude?
6. Can the magnitude of a vector have a negative value?
7. If A+B =0 what can you say about the components of the two vectors?
8. Under what circumstances would a vector have components that are equal in
magnitude?
9. Is it possible to add a vector quantity to a scalar quantity? Explain.
10. Can you add zero to a null vector?
11. Two vectors have unequal magnitudes. Can their sum be zero? Explain.
12. Show that the sum and difference of two perpendicular vectors of equal lengths are
also perpendicular and of same length.
13. How would the two vectors of the same magnitude have to be oriented if they were
to be combined to give a resultant equal to the vector of same magnitude?
14. The two vectors to be combined have magnitudes 60N and 35N .pick the correct
answer from those given below and tell why it is the only one of the three that is
correct. (1)100N (2)70N (3)20N
15. Supposed the sides of a closed polygon represent vector arranged head to tail .what is
the sum of these vectors?
16. If all the components of the vectors A1 and A2 are reversed how this would alter
A1xA2?
17. Name the three different conditions that could make A1xA2=0
18. Identify true and false statements and explain the reason.
(a) A body in equilibrium implies that it is not moving not rotating.
(b) If coplanar forcers acting on a body form a closed polygon
then the body is said to be in equilibrium.
19. A picture is suspended from a wall by two strings .show by diagram the
configuration of the strings for which the tension in the strings will be minimum.
20. Can a body rotate about its centre of gravity under the action of its weight?
21. Define head to tail rule. Show that vector addition of two non-zero vector & ⃗ is
commutative.
22. Add a vector = ̂ + 3 ̂ and thirty chairs?
23. Explain multiplication of vector by a scalar.
̂ ̂
24. Find the magnitude of a unit vector as given =
25. Define null vector how we can obtain null vector?
26. Define unit vector how is it expressed in two or three dimension?
27. Write down steps for addition of vectors by rectangular component method.
28. Show that the scalar product of two vectors is commutative.
29. Find the dot product of two vectors, if = 3 ̂ & ⃗ = -5 ̂
30. State and illustrate the right hand rule of vector product.
31. Show that magnitude of dot product is equal to area of parallelogram.
32. What is vale of toque if a body is at rest or rotating with uniform angular velocity?
Long questions
1. What is meant by component of vector and what are rectangular components? How
we can determine a vector from its rectangular components?
2. Describe the method of addition of vectors by rectangular components.
3. Define scalar product of two vectors. Gives examples. Write down the characteristic
of scalar product of two vectors.
4. Define cross product of two vectors. Gives examples. Write down the characteristic
of cross product of two vectors.
5. Define and explain the term torque or moment of force. Calculate the torque due to
force acting on rigid body