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Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun, a gas giant with a diameter of about 142,984 km and a mass over 318 times that of Earth, hosting at least 95 moons. Its atmosphere is primarily hydrogen and helium, featuring the Great Red Spot, a massive storm, and the strongest magnetic field in the solar system. Key moons include Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, with notable exploration missions including Pioneer, Voyager, Galileo, and Juno.

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3 views2 pages

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Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun, a gas giant with a diameter of about 142,984 km and a mass over 318 times that of Earth, hosting at least 95 moons. Its atmosphere is primarily hydrogen and helium, featuring the Great Red Spot, a massive storm, and the strongest magnetic field in the solar system. Key moons include Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, with notable exploration missions including Pioneer, Voyager, Galileo, and Juno.

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choliaraj
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🪐 Overview of Jupiter

 Type: Gas giant


 Position: 5th planet from the Sun
 Diameter: About 142,984 km (11 times Earth’s)
 Mass: Over 318 times the mass of Earth
 Moons: At least 95 confirmed (including the four large Galilean moons)

🌫️What Is Jupiter Made Of?

Jupiter is mostly made of hydrogen (H₂) and helium (He)—similar to the Sun. It has:

 No solid surface like Earth


 Likely a rocky core deep inside, surrounded by layers of metallic and molecular
hydrogen
 Very thick clouds made of ammonia and water vapor in its upper atmosphere

☁️Atmosphere and Weather

 Great Red Spot: A giant storm larger than Earth, raging for centuries
 Wind speeds: Can reach over 600 km/h
 Cloud bands: Jupiter has dark and light stripes caused by fast-moving jet streams

🌌 Magnetic Field and Radiation

 Jupiter has the strongest magnetic field of any planet in the solar system
 It creates intense radiation belts and a huge magnetosphere that extends millions of
kilometers into space

🌙 Jupiter’s Moons

Jupiter has dozens of moons; the four largest are called the Galilean moons, discovered by
Galileo in 1610:

1. Io – Extremely volcanic, with hundreds of active volcanoes


2. Europa – Has a smooth, icy surface with a possible subsurface ocean that may support
life
3. Ganymede – The largest moon in the solar system, even bigger than Mercury
4. Callisto – Heavily cratered and ancient surface, with potential subsurface ocean

🚀 Exploration

Several spacecraft have studied Jupiter:

 Pioneer & Voyager missions (1970s)


 Galileo orbiter (1995–2003)
 Juno mission (arrived in 2016, still active) – studying Jupiter’s atmosphere, gravity, and
magnetic field in detail

🌞 Fun Facts

 A "day" on Jupiter is just about 10 hours (fastest rotation of any planet)


 A "year" on Jupiter (one orbit around the Sun) takes about 12 Earth years
 Its immense gravity influences the orbits of many solar system objects

Would you like a diagram of Jupiter's structure, more details about its moons, or information on
how it might protect Earth from asteroids?

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