Example 2.2 | Finely divided clay is used as a catalyst in the petroleum industry. It has a density of 1.2 g/cc and a sphericity of 0.5. The size analysis is as follows, 0.0252 0.0178 0.0126 Mass fraction, x, (g/g) 0.088 0.178 0.293 0,194 0.247 Find the specific surface area and the Sauter mean diameter of the clay material.GOMLION — The specific surface ares and the Sauter mean diameters are given by the reaions Tor finding these, we hive wo proceed as follows “enane dimer ‘Mas faction. (78) my Prag (om) 0, 0282 ‘8 3092 017 178 1.000 012s 0203, 25254 0099 oun 21397 0088 on ‘s.000 Dx =1000 23543 Thus, the spocifie surface area, A, 1238.43 emg dhe Souter mean diameter i eon ot stegy =i. ws94 em =8.098%10 em 8) ha = ee ages Tom em = OHS 10 (ans)Example 2.3 || caicutate the volume-surface mean diameter for the Jllowing particate material. ‘Sizerange,ym 710300 -300+180 -180+90 90-38 Pan Mass of particles 30 35 6 mM 55 inthe range, Solution The volume-surface mean diameter is given by the relation 0, = A — ForFindng ti, we have t proseed as fol 2 ‘Size Range, Prion Msg Mass 5 um Fraction. x, a “Tio 300 305 » O17 ‘0.00028 10+ 180 240 38 0137 0.00087 “180 +90 1 6 0.235 00189 -00-+38 64 % 0275 0.00129 Pan 38 58 0215, 0.00866 = 0.01264 ar Thus, 3, (Ans) (The negative (-) sign indicates that the material passes through the sereen and the positive (+) sign indicates thatthe material is retained on the screen. The details about screening are discussed in Chapter 5).Hrample 25 |) re secenebssara powered matron avegheboss's represented by a straight line from 0% welght at 1-mieron particle size to 100% weight at 101-micron particle size. Colculate the Sauter mean diameter of the particles. Bolution The Sauter mean diameter (2.13) given by 1 >: Given that at um and Dyene= 10t um ‘The Dy V6 Tine (Fig. 2.9) given by Dy CN) v2 0408 FIG 22 Plt Of Dn ¥53, 08 tort 100 T When Dyson = 1x,= 0, then from Bg. (A), we have ¢= I micron. ‘Thus. Bq (A) becomes Deg 100, Lmicron @ Now. for various values of, Dy 9g is ealeulated and x/Dy. ag For each fraction was found ou as follows: ete the slope, 0 ‘0.0000 on 0.091 02 ons 04 9.08 06 08 03 ou ow 00% 09, 9.0099 sum =0.0072 Now, Sauter mean diameter, 0,, =! 0.0972 =10.29 microns (Ans)Example 31 _|| parties of tne ayerage fed sizeof 0% 10 *m are crushed To an average praduct size of 10 10°" mat the rate of 20 tonnes per hour. At this rate icenherconumes 10 EWfpowerofwhieh SAW ererequredjorreing Sel emp Cclae he owes corampdon 12 tnnarhof produce further crushed to 5x 10 m size in the same mill? Assume that Rittinger’s law open Bolution —Riwingers iw ey. 313) 6 © Given inthis prem are 6 tonnes [As SkW of powers consumed for runing the mil empty out of 40 kW of powse fot the mil, th actual power eonsumption is P~ 40-3 ~35 KW. Patingall these values in the above equation, we hine 3 *( tot ) 20° Liox10 30x10" «(1000 200) = 800 3 kWh S175 3 Ky =2.1875%10" This value of Ky is constant for the machine. Now, for By, =10%10 mm, Bq, = 5%10"!m, and = 12 tone, we have P a 1 1 5x10" 10x 1875%10 5 P= 2.187510" 12(2000-1000) = P=26.25kW (Ans)Example 3.2 || rindehe power required for crushing 5 tonne/h oflimestone [Rittinger’s number = 0.0765 m*/f} if the specific surface areas of the feed and the product cre 100 and 200 m’/kg respectively. If the machine consumes a pawer of fp caleulte ts ficiency GOWTION — Rivinger's law (Eq, 3.12 and 3.13) is (Ay- Aud) Rittingers number Fo Ke(Ay~ Aa) a Given in this problem are = 5 tonned ‘kg, and Rittinger’s number = 0.0765 mt. ‘Thus, the power requited for crashing is P 200109 139 0.0765 30 BA, Ay = 100 mT, Ay = 200 = 1307.19 = P= 1816.99 I/s =1816.99 W 1816.99 (Ans) 7a5.7 The efficiency of the machine is 243 as 100 = 60.75% (Ans)Example 3.3. |) sample of materiasis crushed na Btake jaw crusher sich aetinn crapiesa sian rstsoa neuen fotos ange ‘eneray consumption of 13 kW/(ka/s). Determine the consumption of eneray to cru te same atraloy Sm oeragesetm emerge of Zong Solution Given inthis problem are ‘Volume surface mean diameter of feed matetils, D,,, = $0 mu, 0 cam, and Volume surface mean dianetr of crushed maeils,Dyy P wh Eneigy consumption, P= 130kW (kgs) =3.61 ey consumption © = 30Kw tigi) 3.01 SWE Cased itinger’ aw (ig 3.13) 8 B= ‘Thus, 8K, is"3) a fe em 220 um, @ Tine. s 6 6 % 1m 1 20 Cumpiative amount of maeriake o wm 4 8 86 ground (W). Amount of materials ground om 5 5 2 4 (AW). Now the erentge of materials ground an becca by the Formal Now, the incremental % material ground and incremental ime ate peace ‘he ollering able 2 100-008 a0. os 00- 208 199-120-99 “Th pee ae of grinding cane founda he following fora Surawy Lew) (40) (258) +(38.8) +202) + (5024) eo 93.4 pr second Avs)xample_3T_ |) 4 sed te mance rl ater teh Tieton pei rent’ = 269. Te crag ols have lof 50 en Maer ela 350m The peat betoen hes fom Te obs rune O0 pce ofnp 9 Pur( tearm fe ats he Cres anda the thor coped of be cheno AL D=D, ution (3) From Lg, (3.26) we have cos = D,+D, Given inthis problem are A, = 30", D, = 150 em = 1.5 m,and Dy cos 20? 151001 iu 2 1540; 1st 3095 = =O. JA7em is the maximum feed size w the crusher: (Ans) The theoretical capacity of erushing rolls (Eq. 3.27) is 0 = 601 D,D, bNp keh Given inthis problem z4e Dy and specific gravity = 2.6. Thus, the density of limestone: 1.5 m,D,=0.01 m,6=50 em=0.5 m,N=100spm, 166 10° kgim?, Now, the theoretical capacity, Q= 6071.5 0.01%0.5%100 x 2,66%10° > 0~376048.64kgh 176.049 tonne/is (Ans)Example 3.8 || wnat should be the maximum product size obtained from a feed size of 60 cm, using a double-roll crusher having rolls of 140-cm diameter and 50-cm width face, if the coefficient of friction is 0.28? Compare the result when the coefficient of friction is 0.32, Golution Angie of nip (Lig. 3.23) is Ay = 2tan™! je and from Eg, (3.26) we have cw = Ds Now, Ay =2tin 'ye=2 tan (0.28) = 31.28% eter Thus, cos 2248 14+D, a+06 =D, =0.28m crusher. (Ans) 228m is the maximum size of product obtained from this ent of NOTE: Its evident from the above results that with the increase of coeffi friction, smaller and smaller product size can be obtained using the same feed size and the same crusher.Example 38 What rotational speed in rpm would you recommend for a ball mill that is 1000 mm in diameter charged with 70 mm balls? GOWWION — The critical speed from Fq. (3.31) is No = Given in this problem ate 2 = 1000 mm and d= 70 mm, ‘Thus, & = D/2 = 500 mm = 0.5 m and r= d/2 = 35 mm = 0.035 m. 1 Now, the critical speed, No = am an = 0,730 rps = 43.85 rpm. But, the operating speed of the ball mill is 50 to 75% of the critical speed, Tence, the operating speed is 21,90 to 32.88 rpm. (Ans)Example 3.10 | Ina ball mill of 2000-mm diameter, 100-mm diameter steel balls are being used for grinding. Presently for the material being ground, the rill is running at 15 rpm, At what speed will the mill have to run if the 100-mm balls are replaced with 50-mm bails, ail the other conditions remaining same? 4n"N2(A~r) 7 Given in this problem ate D = 2000 mm, = 100 mm, and N= 15 rpm. Thus, R= D/2= 1000 com = 1m, r= d/2 =50 mm =0.05 m, and N= doer? (0.25) x(1=0.05) _ 9 53g 981 GolutiON — We know fora ball mill from Eq. (3.30) cos! 25 4p Now, cos Now, the 100-mm steel balls are replaced with $0-mm balls. Hence, r= 50/2 25 mm = 0,025 m. Thus, Na [gee 4x°(A-r) 0.0606 = N =0.2461 rps=14.77 rpm_is the speed of the ball mill when the balls are replaced with 50-mm balls. (Ans)Example 61 _|| 4 quoree misture is sereened through a 10-mesh sereen. ‘The cumulative sreen analysis fee fed overflow, and underflow are given In ‘he flowing table. Nah Tne Gamat ms acon reat han D, Feed Overflow Underfow 7 1 a 0 7 & 2a fas 43 . to est ur ans hiss 2 589 ae 100 oo é te asa z tors tan E 100 : 1.00 Calculate the mass ratios of overflow to feed and underflow to feed. Also, colette overactive of een G5) Tet of aden of 50) = S0=e 8 _ 088-047 Thus, e_tie sa (ane BoWutiON rom the tale, we have x; = 047, xy = 085, end xy =0.195, Fo 085-0106 ° tee Thema rao of overtow weed i 5) 2 = He {iy The eral effectiveness of sree (510) 6 ont ool tlle = aig =H) Th 2047-0188 94g ano tei elie“ Tus, €= (085)(1=0:198)(047-0.195)(085-047) _ spp (os (1-047)(085-0:195) ‘The overall effectiveness ofthe screen is 66.926 (Aas)Example:§.2 || 4 -sand mixure was screened through a standard 12 mesh screen. The mass fraction of the oversize material in feed, overflow, and underflow were found to be 0.4, 0.8, and 0.2 respectively, Calculate the screen effectiveness based on the oversize materials, GOlUtION — The screen effectiveness (Eq. 5.10) is (%)(1= Xp) (Xe = Xe) (Xo = Xe) (¥) (= x2) (Xp ~ Xa)? Given in this problem are x, = 0.4, x») =0.8, and x, = 0.2. E= (0.4) (1-0.4)(0.8-0.2)" 08926 The overall effectiveness of screen is 59.26% (Ans)Example § || 4 set ofcoarse-sized screens was constructed from stet rods “andused to evaluate the efficiency ofa 60cm x40.m Blake jaw crusher. The standard Ther relationship was maintained between the screen apertures inthe above st of large screens. Calcite was fed to the crusher at the rate of 45 tonne/h driven by a <30-hp motor. The screen analysis of eet nd product isgivn below. Calculate (a) the efficiency of the crusher assuming the motor to be operated at an average of 1/6th of the normal rating and (b) the tonne/h of quartz that can be fed to the crusher and reduced on the same size range withthe same power. Data Specific gravity of caeite=2.71, Specific gravity of quartz =2.65, and Riteinger’s number of calcite = 76.05 em?/kg.cm, and ofquarte= 17.51 en?/kgem, Assumption The values of specific surface ratio may be taken same for both calcite and quartz. Screen analysis of feed and product Sereun aperture em) Masfraction Mass fruction Specific surface product (1) ratio (Nae)Solution ry ol suriace tex of mista, 2.1) 6 Age BF Mesa Po Osan elma a Mee) ro Pym we Te ue aoe a *3 ta Ro Ba 33 oe oor tsar 20 cr hate tee a to tans al=iao 0480 rc na Somer aion 0, RAR RRA RS Non foam ONE "eat me en Mente Teas te 00 oe Sse © or aoe oS 3 tas in a on atm 2 é oor Ot toat=19) 1a AW IWW 350 fg (a) The feed rate 48 toner = STU TOW 2569 = 2 x0490=0882emtig The fod surface se = a ‘The product sufae ane Thus. the new surface eeted = 3.159 ~ 0.952 = 2207 em ‘The now sifae creates =2.207 x 1250 = 275873 ms, 215875 Tetsx 72x15 9 “The power supplied = U5 x30-=5 hp. ‘Te, work done Toes iyo becrder= 228400 095% #04) ] 6 igi 427-0430) = 2257 ari (6) The Ringer's number for quartz= 1731 emg Let the crashing copay for quae W one ‘Ths the now race reat = 2267 MAO" as on? 08 The work ne SSM ot, THT sn wre QOMBEITSNTEZAIOD e939 ia “The the ano of rs eu fe he rer eed on the some sie range wit the rm power» 22 tonne ‘cnExample 65 || 4 cxapsewe orga cracking ne petroleum refinery “Industry has a donsity of 1.25 g/cm and nearly the same specific surface ratio ts quite A sonple ofthe ett rected rough the 200 med seen wes further sized by air elutriation, From the resulting analysis given below, find the ‘peciesuroce mem! and the mas neon dlometer ofthe esas Size anayts of he catalyst ‘Serene fraction Buatrited ration (-200 mesh) Meshon. Mase action Selim Has ation (oicrns) (of eriginal sample) =H 65 09 0-60 on 65+ 100 017 60-40 008 =100+150 023 40-20 005 7150200 0 20-0 0.02 =200 026 026 “otal= 1.000 olution ‘re spovtiesurace rato for quar iste from Figure 17 (p [rown, 1995) Meihimonboris Dy Non Nant Ti (en D, a tse 20 ry “65> 100 nom 230 on 1001130 noe 23 5 21504200 foo 21s ow 0 eum oom 207 on 0-03 fioosd 2) ox 40-204 fons xs fos 20-0nm oon Ass bo Tot 1.0‘The specific surfaec (Eq. Nessa ¥ ot Op ap 2 =-5_4258.72= 1241 860 (Ans) 1.25 9g ee ‘The mass mean diameter (Eq. 2.13) is D,, Yla*Oe a) The value is obtained from the table below. ” Diane etm) Duet 0.09 0.0252 0.00227 O17 0.0178 0.00303 029 0.0126 0.00365, 0.9 0.0089 0.00169 ou 0.0070 0.00077 0.08 0.0050 0.00040 0.05 0.0030 0.00015 0.02 0010 0.00002 From the ahove table, ¥) (x0, 4g) = 0.01188 em = 0.1188 mm. Thus, the mass mean diameter = 0.1198 mm = 119.8 microns (Ans)Example 6.6 || apeinderiseo teusedtredace an oe of the fed size shown “ow Teton mor equpment indicts thatthe product tee given blow il ‘be ssfctory and toe the grinder appraxiately 10% aficen i converting ‘moat nergy ie let ect as een by an inrase src ‘ivestinated hata crue tohandle tonne /h wiles about Rs 240.00. the crusher opeteson 24s fr 300 dysper er. exinatdtbat mantene rhea. ornary replacment cats lb ab 50% of power cos. cic Dower cots fs 3.0 per KW Caidertng tear depreciation orth rine wich evan Byer if prod calet th procesing ot per tonne of hoe Sereenanays Provct ea pecon Mesh arte er Fea foton Las 28 ou re bar 100 150 = 2180200 SolwtION From the mesh number the average diameter foreach ofthe fractions ‘saluted withthe bp of Table 4p. 1) [Brn 1998), With the help Ueaverae ame the specie surface io forex the featons ae ae Fie p22 (Bro 988, Th sing wa oe gt el Wen oan 3 to 2m bieo, fie dase cyt bom a Sos Sees son fo Aka a th cw ood = SM 8s al 9, he prac sac area = 9 $8 Masse 8 70576-=1801720n" epee 8 HN = Bex 7O878 = BOsT2On “Ts the ow src etd = 8.172 $2.248 = 97027 em 7 921 SAE ss) = 2448175 on? Thenew sae cmeee = 97927 SIE 00 = 488175, 2017s “The work dhe = 1696 Frarxrezxi00 ST ‘heen of winder “The power inpCalculation of annual cost heen mere BSSEEEAD nyo 9557050 The mainennce, eben placement os = 05 > RS2958705 = nots Th prin cont of rinder= Re 2400009 ‘The lfe of grind yeas SoudsutdSqaratin W127 seme s30,0000 The wual annual cost = Rs 2955705 + Rs 14778525 + Rs 30,0000 = 47535575 The ote processed per yer Tre annual deprecation 9 24x 300 = 64800 wome SA7S365.75 pe rap 4800 ‘Ths, the processing cost pr tom (Ans)Example 6.1 | Find the terminal settling velocity for particles of 40-micron size having a specific gravity of 2.6 falling through still water if the settling zone is laminar. All particles may be assumed to be spherical and the wall effect may be neglected. Viscosity of water may be taken as 1 cP. Solution ‘rhe terminal velocity of particles for free falling in the laminar zone is D,? (Pp- 71) 9 1841, . Here, density of particles = p, = 2.6 x 10° kg/m’, density of fluid (water) = p= 10° kg/m’, diameter of particles = D, = 40 micron = 40 x 10° m, and viscosity of fluid (water) = 1 cP = 10° kg/(m.s). _ (40x10")?(2600-1000)9.8 18x10 given by (Eq. 6.7) ¥, = Thus, = 0.0014 m/s (Ans)framplt_ 62 |) some ofbaseo 0 became wy warn ‘classifier. The ore particles have a size range of 10 to 500 microns, The mixture {sbetng separated into three parts: pure bauxite (specie gravity 2.2), pure sca (specific gravity 28), and the third fraction isthe middling which is reeled ‘Assuming the flow tobe laminar and neglecting any wall effect, estimate te size range ofthe three fractions Solution The bavsite being lighter shall be mosty inthe overlow. Te biggest Ihausitepariels shall havea higher sting velocity and shal go down with silica So ‘the malin sal eonsist mostly of weaver sie pavtites having the same velocity 28 that of the higgest bauxite partele and the hauxite particles having the same ‘oli the smalls sitica prick — or laminar zone, we have (Lg. 6.15) Ze = Zea Daa Vora Let w denote A sic an a baat Ths fp, = 2890" pg = 22 91m? and 9 =1o!em?. ‘Given thatthe particle range in the feed mixta is 10 8 S00 microns. Considering the largest uxiteputcle of size Dyy = 500 microns, the size of silica panicle tht shal ete a the Same mea be fu by 081649 => Dy = 408.25 microns. Chee pi of st bg hn 40,25 mic shal ben wdc, Sih sham prc: ich enn nt of aa stapes 0 ros ons ly 2 De ae 0.81649 => Ogg =1225 microns, ‘epee, paris of bauxite smaller than 12.25 microns shal be in the evetbow. Te middling sall consist of bauxite pales of size +12.28 to $00 microns and sili paticles oF 10 0 408.25 microns (ns)Example _€3 || an ore sample having « specific gravity of 2.1 & to be ‘separated rom rock asocated with using a Iydraulc ls: The ore consists 1/1 mm spherical parates. The rock pariles have an average specific gravity 9/5 and the screen analy gives the folowing Torctesen nm Maar ction +25 08s a5 oa ‘The ore-rock mixture contains 30% rock particles Estimate the % purty of the Aresed ore Assume setting te fara HolUtON — te Suhes"tn ion ores ng eles, we ave 6 18) Dos =o Daa Pox =A here, yy = dames of re partes = tm, and Dy = dane ofthe sais rock particle having same setting yeloet. (The paces having more than Dy Parc size sal see Taster and te athe undeto:) Given that, density of ore = py = 2.1 per’ and density of rock = py =5.4 gle? 16 Oy Vert 2 -08m ence pansies of OS-un sie of less sll be sling along. with the ore poten, Now for 100 kp of ve-rock minute, rok presen sont = 100 = 30= 7 kp The product shall comin reks of se <5 mi and pon Hae the mass sracion for hse 01 Tins the amount of rock aries of size <5 mm = 30% 0.1 = 3 kg ‘Ths, the tual amount of product = 70 +3 73 kg 6.20% (Ao) Ths we have 100 x 0.3 0 ant oe 7 Non the purity of dressed one = 72 pasiy 2Example BM || rind the arag coopiciene sor a'bacterta moving in water at 15 mm/s. The size of the bacteria is 2 micron and the kinematic viscosity of water is 10% m*/s. Solution First, we have to check the flow region (I, Il, III, or IV) in which Yj the bacteria is moving, by finding the Reynolds rn [Hn Povey. Be¥) og bacteria. My u Here, Dp = 2 microns = 2 « 10 °m, v= 15 mm/s= 15 x 10 * m/s, and v= 10 © m/s, 2x10 x18x10 So, Njg= 2810 M1810" ) 6059, 10 AS Ne: is between 10~ and 0.2, the flow region is I, i.c., the Stokes” law region. For this region, Cy ps ol B00, jent for bacteria is 800. (Ans) Thus, the drag coe!Exam 65 I mst fem hry ey of 750 hn!) nd suas ig ae of 25 gt) els ras he so ge Sor oor cm ns pret nee sf mg wer tr fen amne san earian secon pep ne Sine are arte vaenccnmtng taser Pie eroat ita ntsc Solution Since the flow is laminar and assuming the perticles to be spherical, Pea tm 61 wen DE sts B dt lan gure pis opie ec gee asootgmt nascent Uses oft espero atin wh snd plo pr Ret ol pe Ba 0 oon 7500-1000 ~ °° ‘Thus, Das 5 Pyy=0.000798 em, ‘This isthe maximum size of quartz parties that sete withthe same velocity as te smallest galena particles. Thus the size range of only quatz particles is between ‘Ho0$ and 0.000794 em, Let as now find aut the size ofthe gen particles that ae equally sting with the largest quate paces. For the lrgest quot parce, Dg = 0001 em Oxy __ [2850-1000 Boot ¥ 7500-1000 5D, =0,000804 em, Ths, 0508 This isthe minimum sizeof galena particles tha sete withthe same velocity as the largest quartz partles. Thu. the size range of ony gulena paces is between (6.000808 sd 0.01 em. ‘While the mixed faction cootsns the remaining quart and galena pares So the fraction will have he following size ranges (0) pre oar: 0,0004 19 0.000798 em Aid) mixed fraction: quar: 0079410 0.001 em fleas 0.0004 6 0.000804 em, and Lit) pure galena: 0.900804 10 0.001 em (ns)Example BE 4 concenraed suspension of galena partes tn water ‘settle under gravity in a settling tank. If the density of particles is 7500 kg/m? and the particle diameter is 0.0002 m, find the upward velocity of water in the tank. ‘The porosity of suspension is 0.5 and the Richardsan-Zaki index is 4.5. olution — Generally, large upward flow of water is observed in the compression zone where the partiele coneentration is high and the particles setle under hindered setling conditions ‘Thus, from Eg, 6.21, we have v, =" v, ere, vis the settling velocity at infinitely diluted solid concentration, which is generally observed in the Stokes" aw region, 0, (po- a ye = De lt po 181, 7500 kyimn’, p= 1000 kgm’, g = 9.81 m/s}, f= Here, D, = 0.0002 m, p, 43. 0.001 kg/m S,and 1 .0002(7500-1000)9.81 18x 0.0001 and v= 0.585 x 0.1417 = 6.262 x 10° ms, ‘The upward water velocity ‘Thus, 0.1417 ms w(tre) _ 6.262%10 (1-08) . 10°%mi (Ans) = G5 6.26210 mis (Ans)Example 6.7 1 suet /2 washing plate and frame filter press is of such nature thatthe ron equations" = RCwhereVishe volume rae ‘obtained in time t, when the pressure is constant, 30 m" of filtrate ts produced in 10 hours. 31m’ of wash water is forced through the cake at the end of filtration. (0) What is the length of the washing time? (b) If the filtering surface of the press in doubled, all other conditions remain ing constant ow long would it take to produce 30 of trate? texte Suton rae rsaioncqutonis v= Ktos HK ere, «= AAP (a) When r= LO hows, ¥ V2 0x20 gp at 0,4 =O 2430 TD lume of irae produced = 30m? ov kK Trial a of eon SF ay Brag" The eae of wasting for the fuer ress <1 "tinal rate of firaion i ™ 3 = Lets 0076) 4 5 ‘The volume of wash war used = 3m" volumeat wadrwate 3 Tease wating tine = US EES = Bare (b) the fiesng surface is doubled ies A’=2A, then K? (2ayap’* _4Atap’s on 4K c c 33K? =4x90= 960mm, ‘Ths, he time akon produce a flues of 0 ms vi _oot os haue cans) 260ramp 68 fa constanepressure ftraion process és carved out in a phic edfanc Fir exceed attacocentpcar Sere Bed ft isfsostocs eel pe fue Wage Sooimig eer tc one nett or te sng op nd ein eters ce ok ‘ioe he eof poten tian For comin! pete Firaton, wetane = AAP © in hese " at” Ki = AV.) wo. Than, AAP Meza be toe aon, weave oy = Kato" = 2h" Nowowhens= Hho V=200 ees oe zc? aust’ ‘beware =e on, “Tun the waning ime = VOWumeOt wash weet $00 2 rays, Watingras 250 Fite ote = 20 i Hoe opening Wp. Le, 18 hows, the aoa of fete colle = 200 rg 60001 0 “The ome of fle rsce in dy = 600 litres (om eatame BY sy er weh 1 of fey sec sett Baynes late imate (Rnb requir wang hoe formed at te end of 0 mites (Gt na par ag 200 ref ch tr (0) find copia ce tin he me rouge coe em ‘esmbing Omit, ‘Solution (a) The Final ae iran is piven | vin, e508, a [acfoaromge "2s 75%, = 3800 wero 78 me 0017 me aetna) = Ton devon they (6) The get ashes ohh hs. =i ration 22814784 sand "Toa 12174 +2297 ereAd t+ f= time for dumping and reassembling ~60 minutes ~ 3600 seconds, ‘Thus, total eyele time, tye = (22.5V, +75V, )#(12.17Y,? + 20.2875, ) +3600 B7V,® +95, 2875, +3600 seconds. = baa 249600 249600 Tye TV +95.2875¥; +9600 Daily production of itate, V= (numer of eyelesay) «Vz _ 6400¥, ~ SAB7V;? + 95.2876V, +3500" Number ofeyetes per day — ‘and for Vto be maximo 2 V For optimum eyele time, V= V, Thus, a, 36400(34.67V,? +95.2875V; +95.2675]— B5400V; 2 x34.67V, +95.2905) (G4G7V,? +95.2875V, = 3600) > 34.67V,7 + 95.2875, +3600 69.34V,? ~95.2875¥, = 3600-34870)? = 3600 0.19 = a7 ‘Thus, the optimum ¥,= 10.19 n . ‘The optimum eycle lime, {zy = 3467 x (10.19)* + 95.2875(10.19) + 3600 = 777| seconds = 2.159 hours (Ans)Example 6.10_|| a simy containing 25 by of fiterale std per 5 tg of Tui Bing ered with platen free ler ress having ott tern sara of 20 nf This unit detvers 4500 bof fltrate daring the fst 2 hows of ‘froin string with «clean ult nd alaning a constnt pressure drop of 7 kyend. The resistance ofthe fer medium negli. Te ime rogied for esting end dumping i hours poeple ‘The fter press soe replcad by a rotary vacuum fter with neg le er media sistance. This tary fer enn dlr the tate at arate of 4850 kg/h whan he drum speed 0.8 rpm. Assuming the faction submerped ‘nd the pressure drop ore unchanged, whot drum speed yp is necessary 20 make the amoun¢ of fitrace delivered tn 26 hours frm the rotary fer exact ual tothe mastmurn amount of late abtanable per 24 Nous rom the platen frame fer? Solution For the plateand.rame ier prs nip? boars of ivaion = 400 kp. Maximo overage ompt/24 ho = E4500» 21000 Assunig dehy of rats Be sea Ma OF war vel of a4 oun = 1800 2.6 oes = BD 24 rhe etary yacuum dem ter aly op of vate" 31.6 ‘Ts ly ouput of Fine = 21.6724 =0'9 ah, Le ge wot fh fie cold th ese pM Ve olen te ite sited (i, 0.9 wR) athe pt Ne freee ea froeeta~ 6 EG ® [mar ocaett «hE Forease Yas = A ties . Dh sain yD Siig, ee ate (was, Ys ns Vay, of 088 s, Bene =(F ite (te us: the uid pen = 0.18 cs)Example BI || rover vacaum dram ter with fering area of 075m? hasbeen ound diver 300 erro iltrat per nut when operating under (he lo tans fraction of flering ea submerged in sry ‘pm of the dram =2 end prosure drop= 15 g/cm. A second filter be designed to handle the sme sary. The unt expect to deiner 275 wef flirts por ont oprating ume a presee ap of Toky/en The rovalng spe ofthe dram wil be 15 rpm I fection sub merged remains unchanged finde ttalfitering ore ofth newfie: Assume the ‘ike oe ncamprssible an th estan oe lar eda foe nape Site th ie is ncompresil the compres exponen of eke Tut pei te eseunce inept of AP ae be (iti, aot inee nora ition 62) i Vy 2xoans.sxi0t soa-ora/ 208s sm iam 3 =e -rax0 im Fore ses fier we hve Vg=225 m= 0.2.1.5 pn and P= 1.0 genta fox 0 gine foo2sail 9,444 3 A ars 8 929565114, x7axI0 «03774, 3 An 72908 Ts, a= 129 mn! hos