SOLUCIONES

RADIANES, ARCOS Y SECTORES

CIRCULARES

O. Practice questions
 
1. (a) (i) (ii) (iii) 3
9 10
(b) (i) 10° (ii) 36° (iii) 450°.

2. (a)
A B C D
in degrees 30° 150° 210° 330°
 5 7 11
in radians
6 6 6 6
(b)
A B C D
in degrees 40° 140° 220° 320°
2 7 11 16
in radians
9 9 9 9

3. (a)
the minor arc AB 10  1.5  15
Length
of the major arc AB 10  (2π  1.5)  20π  15

1
the minor sector 102 1.5  75
2
Area
of 1
the major sector. 102  (2π  1.5)  100π  75
2

the minor sector 15  20  35

Perimeter
of the major sector (20π  15)  20  20π  5

1
 (b)
π
the minor arc AB 10   5π
2
Length
of π 3π
the major arc AB 10  (2π  )  10   15π
2 2
1 π
the minor sector 102   25π
2 2
Area
of 1 π 3π
the major sector. 102  (2 π  )  50   75π
2 2 2

the minor sector 5π  20

Perimeter
of the major sector 15π  20

4. (a) l = r
1 2 1
(b) AOACB = r  2
2 2
(c) AB2 = 82 + 82 – 2(8)(8)cos1.3  AB = 9.6829…  9.68
1 2 1
(d) AOAB = r sin 2 sin 30.8
2 2
(e) Ashaded = AOACB – AOAB =  10.8
1 2 1
Ashaded = r (θ – sin 2 [1.3 – sin 10.8
2 2

2
A. Exam style questions (SHORT)
5. (a) l = r or ACB = 2 × OA= 30 cm
(b) A ÔB (obtuse) = 2 – 2
1 2 1
Area = 2 r = 2 (15) (2 – 2) = 482 cm (3 sf)
2 2

6. Perimeter = 5(2π – 1) + 10 = (10π + 5) cm (= 36.4, to 3 sf)

 10π 
7. (a) arc length l = rθ = 10 × = 
3 3 
1 π  100π 
(b) area of large sector = 10 2    
2 3 6 
1 π  64π 
area of small sector =  8 2    
2 3 6 
36π
accept
area shaded = = 6π
6

8. (a) METHOD 1
cosine rule AB = 3.9 2  3.9 2  2(3.9)(3.9) cos 1.8 = AB = 6.11(cm)

METHOD 2
using right-angled triangles
1
If x = AB
2
x
sin 0.9 =  x = 3.9 sin 0.9
3.9
AB = 2x = 6.11 (cm)
(b) For major sector: AÔB = 2π – 1.8 (= 4.4832)
1
A = (3.9)2(4.4832...) = 34.1 (cm2)
2

1 4
9. × (5.4)2 = 21.6   = (= 1.481 radians)
2 2.7
4
AB = r= 5.4 × = 8 cm
2.7
1 1
10. (a) A  r 2  27  (1.5) r 2  r 2  36  r  6 cm
2 2
(b) Arc length  r  1.5  6 = 9 cm

1 2 1 4
11. A= r θ  r 2θ = π
2 2 3
2
l = r  r= π
3

Solving the system: r = 4,  =
6
1 2 1
12 A= r θ  r 2 θ = 180
2 2
l = r  r= 24

Solving the system: r = 15,  = 1.6

3
 1 2 1
13. (a) Area = r   (152)(2) = 225 (cm2)
2 2
1 2
(b) Area ∆OAB = 15 sin 2 = 102.3
2
Area = 225 – 102.3 = 122.7 (cm2) = 123 (3 sf)

20  2r
14. (a) perimeter = r + r + arc length  20 = 2r + r  
r
1 2  20  2r 
(b) A= r    10r – r2 = 25  r = 5 cm
2  r 

15. (a) Area of sector = 3 (Area of segment)

(b) θ = 1.28 radians (accept 73.1°)

16. METHOD A
1 2
r (  sin  )
Ashaded 2 2   sin  2
  2     5  5sin   2sin 
Atriangle 5 1
r sin 
2 5 sin  5
2
METHOD Β
Ashaded : Atriangle = 2:5 (so the whole part, i.e. sector, is 7). Therefore,
Atriangle : Asec tor = 5:7
1 2
r sin 
Atriangle 5 5 sin  5
  2     5  7 sin 
Asec tor 7 1
r
2 7  7
2

1
17. Area sector OAB  (5)2 (0.8)  10
2
cos 0.8 = ON/5  ON  5cos 0.8   3.483...
1
Area of  AON  ON  A5×sin0.8  6.249...
2
Shaded area  10  6.249..  3.75

4
18. h = r so 2r2 = 100  r2 = 50  r = 5 2
Hence circumference = 2r = 10 2 
l = 10 = 10 2 
  = 2
1
19. (a) area of sector ΑΒDC = π(2)2 = π
4
area of segment BDCP = π – area of ABC = π – 2
(b) BP = 2
1
area of semicircle of radius BP = π( 2 )2 = π
2
area of shaded region = π – (π – 2) = 2

B. Exam style questions (LONG)

N
20. (a) AB2 = 122 + 122 – 2 × 12 × 12 × cos 75° = 122(2 – 2 cos 75°) = 122 × 2(1– cos 75°)
 AB= 12 2(1  cos 75)

BP
(b) PÔB = 37.5°, tan 37.5   BP = 12 tan 37.5° = 9.21 cm
12
OR
BP̂A = 105° BÂP = 37.5°
AB BP ABsin 37.5
  BP = = 9.21(cm)
sin105 sin 37.5 sin 105
1
(c) (i) Area ∆OBP = 12  9.21 = 55.3 (cm2)
2
1
(ii) Area ∆ABP = (9.21)2 sin105°= 41.0 (cm2)
2
1 π
(d) Area of sector =  12 2  75  = 94.2 (cm2) (accept 30π)
2 180
(e) Shaded area = 2 × area ∆OPB – area sector = 16.4 (cm2)

21 (a) (i) OP = PQ (= 3cm) So  OPQ is isosceles

32  32  4 2 9  9 16  2  1
(ii) cos OP̂Q = =   =
2  3 3 18  18  9
1  80  80
(iii) sin2 A + cos2 A = 1  sin OP̂Q = 1   =
81  81  9
1
(iv) Area triangle OPQ =  OP PQ sin P =
2 2

80

 20  4.47 

(b) (i) OP̂Q = 1.4594... = 1.46,

1
(ii) Area sector OPQ =  3 2 1.4594… = 6.57
2
  1.4594 …
(c) QÔP =  0.841 , Area sector QOS = 1  4 2  0.841 = 6.73
2 2
(d) Area of small semi-circle is 4.5 (= 14.137...)
Area = area of semi-circle  area sector OPQ  area sector QOS + area triangle POQ
= 4.5  6.5675...  6.7285... + 4.472... = 5.31

5
22. (a) 6 = 8θ  AÔC = 0.75
1
(b) area of triangle = × 8 × 8 × sin(0.75) = 21.8…
2
1
area of sector = × 64 × 0.75 = 24
2
area of shaded region = area of sector – area of triangle = 2.19 cm2
1
(or directly area of segment = = × 82 (0.75 – sin0.75= 2.19 cm2).
2
1
(c) 45 = × 82 × θ  CÔE = 1.40625 (1.41 to 3 sf)
2
(d) EÔF = π – 0.75 – 1.41= 0.985
EF = 8 2  8 2  2  8  8  cos 0.985 = 7.57 cm (other methods are also possible)