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Department of Education-
Region III TARLAC CITY
SCHOOLS DIVISION
Juan Luna St., Sto. Cristo, Tarlac City 2300
Email address: tarlac.city@deped.gov.ph/ Tel. No. (045) 470 - 8180

Science
Quarter 1: Week 4
Learning Activity Sheets
 Science 6

Name of Learner:_______________________ Date:____________

Section:_______________________________ Q2W4

The Vertebrates

Background Information for Learners

Different animals are found in the environment. They can be on land, in water or seen
flying in air. Although they are unique creatures and differ from one another, some of them do
share similar characteristics for survival purposes. For example, some animals have
backbones while others do not.
Animals with backbones or vertebral columns are called vertebrates. Their backbones
support and protect their spinal cords. At the end of the spinal cord is the brain which is
enclosed in a skull. As compared to other animals, vertebrates have internal skeletons that
give them shape. They have large and more developed brains; making them the higher form of
animals. They are classified into five small groups namely: fishes, amphibians, reptiles,
birds and mammals. These five groups are then divided into two groups according to their
ability to adapt to the changes in the temperature of their environment. The first three groups,
namely fishes, amphibians and reptiles are all cold-blooded vertebrates for their body
temperature changes with their environment. They do not eat very often because they depend
on their surroundings instead of their bodies for heat. On the other hand, birds and mammals
belong to the warm-blooded vertebrates for their body temperature changes only slightly
even if they are in extremely hot or cold environment. To maintain their body temperature, they
must eat often.
Let us now discover the similarities and differences among these group of vertebrates.

Classification of Vertebrates
1. Fishes
Fishes have body shapes adapted for living and moving in water. They have tails for
moving; fins for steering and maintaining balance and gills for breathing. They have scales for
protection. Most of them lay eggs.

milk fish (bangus), tilapia lamprey

2. Amphibians
Amphibians can live both in water and on land. They live in water when they are still
young, thus they have gills to breathe. As they grow older, they live on land, thus their gills
disappear and developed their lungs. They are covered with moist skin for them to absorb
oxygen from the air. They lay soft eggs without shells in water.

frogs salamander newts

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3. Reptiles
Reptiles can also live both in water and on land, although they are more adaptable to
live on land for extended periods of time because they have developed lungs and body
structures. They are covered with dry skin and hard scales. They lay eggs with leathery shells.

Lizard Crocodiles Turtle

4. Birds
Birds are the only mammals covered with feathers. They have wings, hollow bones, and
thin skulls which make their bodies extremely light for flying. They have lungs for breathing,
and have bills or beaks for eating. They lay eggs that are enclosed in shells and usually
incubated in a nest.
However, some birds can only fly short distances like chickens and quails. Others do
not fly like the ostrich and penguin. Ostrich can’t fly because it has bigger body than its wings
while penguin can’t fly because it’s more adapted to swim in water. Others paddle and swim in
water like the ducks and geese.

pakobo ostrich dove

5. Mammals
Mammals are the only vertebrates with mammary glands (breasts) which produce milk
to nourish their young. They are covered with hair or fur for protection. They have lungs to
breathe. For most mammals, their young develop inside the females’ bodies. They are born in
forms that resemble their parents.

goat elephant
deer

Vertebrates’ roles are vital as sources of food to humans, participate in our biological
existence, and for beautification purposes. Vertebrates are more advance than the other
animals because they are smart that is why other vertebrates like dogs are trained to guard
properties.
Nowadays, human activities such as environmental and habitat destructions,
deforestation, pollution, dynamite fishing and climate change affect the lives and habitats of
these animals. Therefore, humans must protect the animals at all cost and conserve the
environment that are both beneficial to humans and animals alike.

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Learning Competencies to be developed:

Determine the distinguishing characteristics of vertebrates and invertebrates. (S6MT-IIe-f-3)

Activity I. Correct Me!

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct. If it is incorrect, change the underlined word
to make the statement correct.
________________1. Vertebrates are animals with spinal cords.
________________2. Penguins are vertebrates.
________________3. Mammals are vertebrates.
________________4. Humans are examples of reptiles.
________________5. Frogs can lay eggs.
________________6. Humans can lay eggs.
________________7. Humans can easily adapt to their environment because they are cold-
blooded vertebrates.
________________8. Tilapia is a cold-blooded animal.
________________9. Penguin is a bird.
________________10. Vertebrates use their fins, legs, and wings to move.

Activity II. Check Me!

Directions: Classify the following vertebrates according to their correct group category. Put a
check under its corresponding column.

Animals Fishes Mammals Amphibians Birds Reptiles

1. elephant
2. salamander
3. whale
4. penguin
5. ape
6. catfish
7. hamster
8. toad
9. goldfish
10. owl

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Activity III. Match me!
Directions: Match the animal picture in column A to the group where it belongs in column B.

Column A Column B

1.
• amphibian

2. • reptile

3.
• fish

4.
• mammal

5.
• bird

Activity IV. Arrange me!

Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to form a correct answer. Write your answer in the
boxes.

1. They have fins, scales, gills and live in water.

sshief

2. They are animals with mammary glands.

mmsmala

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 3. This animal is considered as the largest mammal in the water.

ahel

4. This amphibian has a long sticky tongue to catch its prey.

rfgo

5. They are animals with vertebral columns.

vsaerrteteb

Activity V. Fill me!

Directions: Look at the pictures of animals below. Write a paragraph on how they can help
humans.

dog

salamander

parrot

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goldfish

tortoise

Reflections: Answer the following questions:

1. Are vertebrates important? Why?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. What part of the module did you enjoy the most?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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REFERENCES:
Abracia, Norma M., Ed. D., Evelyn T. Sarte, Ed. D., Ednaliza R. Garcia, Eliza A. Lopez, et.al.,
Science in Our World K to 12 Worktext, Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc., 2014, 133-137

CK-12 Foundation. Published March 25, 2018; Last modified August 1,

2018.http://sc6thgradescience.weebly.com/6l4b1-common-characteristics-of-
vertebratesinvertebrates.html

CK-12 Foundation. Published March 25, 2018; Last modified August 1,

https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-biology -advanced-concepts/section/16.6/

https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/create/detail/498

https://www.canva.com/design/DAEKeQeg4qs/zmI-HPFWRHg5BJ5-
6O_3ow/edit?category=tACFat6uXcoVillegas,

https://www.canva.com/design/DAEKetHCW4o/8vcfLqWuXVaC4skFuts1Wg/edit?category=tA
CFat6uXco

San Pablo, Jovita H., Real-Life Science 6, Quezon City: Abiva Publishing House, Inc., 2016,
176-189

Villegas, Jessie A., Science and Health 5, Antipolo City: Academe Publishing House, Inc.,
2009, 74-76

ANSWERS KEY

I. CORRECT ME! III. MATCH ME IV. ARRANGE ME!

1. True 1. mammal 1. fishes

2. True 2. fish 2. mammals
3. True 3. bird 3. whale
4. reptiles = mammals 4. reptile 4. frog
5. True 5. mammal 5. vertebrates
6. can =cannot
7. cold-blooded =warm Blooded
8. True
9. True
10. True

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II. CHECK ME!
Animals Fishes Mammals Amphibians Birds Reptiles
1. elephant /
2. salamander /
3.tortoise /
4. penguin /
5. ape /
6. catfish /
7. hamster /
8. toad /
9. goldfish /
10. owl /

JESSA B. GUTIERREZ EDEN GRADE T. MALLARI

Teacher-I/ Writer/ Lay-Out Artist Teacher-I/ Illustrator:
CutCut-II Elementary School Bantog Elementary School