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Radiation Protection QA

About radiation protection in radiography

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10 views3 pages

Radiation Protection QA

About radiation protection in radiography

Uploaded by

hadzormawuli2030
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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15.

Briefly explain how the ALARA concept applies to both patients and radiographers in a

clinical setting.

The ALARA concept (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) is aimed at minimizing radiation exposure:

For Patients: Ensures minimal radiation dose for necessary diagnostic or treatment purposes using

shielding, proper technique, and avoiding unnecessary exams.

For Radiographers: Encourages the use of time, distance, and shielding to reduce occupational

exposure, along with adherence to safety protocols.

11. State the types of radiation exposures and indicate the radiation protection principle(s)

associated with each.

1. Occupational Exposure Exposure of workers. Principles: Justification, Optimization, Dose

Limitation.

2. Medical Exposure Exposure of patients. Principles: Justification, Optimization.

3. Public Exposure Exposure of the general public. Principles: Justification, Optimization, Dose

Limitation.

4. Planned Exposure Anticipated exposure under controlled conditions. Principles: All three apply.

5. Emergency Exposure Exposure in emergencies. Principles: Optimization, Dose Limitation (as

feasible).

6. Naturally Occurring Exposure From natural sources. Principles: Optimization, Dose Limitation (if

controllable).

12. Three ALARA measures for a pregnant patient undergoing a chest X-ray at HTH.

1. Verify pregnancy status before exposure.

2. Use protective shielding (lead apron) over the abdomen.

3. Ensure the exam is justified and consider alternative imaging methods.

13. Effect of increasing kVp while reducing mAs on patient dose and image quality.

Patient Dose: Decreases due to reduced mAs.


Image Quality: Slightly reduced contrast but still diagnostically useful.

Used to apply ALARA principles effectively.

14. Four factors to ensure radiation protection for maternal and fetal safety during abdominal

X-ray.

1. Justify the necessity of the procedure.

2. Optimize dose using appropriate settings.

3. Use protective shielding for the fetus.

4. Collimate to restrict beam to area of interest only.

6. Three examples of X-ray shielding devices for occupational exposure.

1. Lead aprons

2. Lead-lined barriers or walls

3. Lead gloves or thyroid shields

7. Three fundamental principles of radiation protection.

1. Justification No unnecessary exposure.

2. Optimization (ALARA) Minimize dose as much as possible.

3. Dose Limitation Set dose limits, especially for occupational and public exposure.

8. Types of radiation exposure in medical imaging.

1. Patient Exposure Direct exposure during procedures.

2. Occupational Exposure Received by staff.

3. Public Exposure Exposure to individuals not involved in procedures.

9. How collimation and filtration contribute to radiation protection.

Collimation: Limits the X-ray beam to reduce exposed tissue and scatter.

Filtration: Removes low-energy X-rays that do not aid in imaging but increase dose.

10. Three ways to ensure radiation protection for patients.

1. Use appropriate exposure settings.


2. Apply shielding (e.g., lead apron).

3. Limit the exposure area with proper collimation.

1. Types of radiation based on biological effects.

1. Ionizing Radiation Can ionize atoms and damage DNA (e.g., X-rays).

2. Non-ionizing Radiation Causes less biological harm (e.g., microwaves).

2. Two objectives of radiation protection in radiology.

1. Protect people from harmful effects of radiation.

2. Ensure safe use of radiation with justification and optimization.

3. Responsibilities of radiation protection agencies.

a. ICRP: Issues international recommendations on radiation protection.

b. NCRP: Provides U.S. guidance on radiation protection.

c. NRC: Regulates radioactive material use in the U.S.

d. NAS/NRC-BEIR: Researches and reports on health effects of ionizing radiation.

4. Types of exposure situations.

1. Planned Exposure From controlled activities like medical imaging.

2. Emergency Exposure Unplanned exposure from accidents.

3. Existing Exposure Naturally present exposure (e.g., background radiation).

5. Radiation dose limit for occupational exposure per year.

20 mSv per year averaged over 5 years; no more than 50 mSv in any single year.

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