DESIGN OF GAP SLAB :

0.300
4.00
Moment due to Dead Load = 1.50 t-m Approach/Gap Slab 0.3

Moment due to SIDL = 1.84 t-m 0.3 0.6

0.3 0.00
Moment due to Surfacing = 0.44 t-m 0.3

Moment due to Live Load = 4.47 t-m

ULS DESIGN FORCES :

Unfactored Factored
Load
LOADS Force BM Force BM
Factor
T Tm T Tm
DL = 1.28 1.50 1.35 1.72 2.03
SIDL = 1.56 1.84 1.35 2.11 2.48
SURFACING = 0.37 0.44 1.75 0.65 0.77
LL = 3.80 4.47 1.50 5.70 6.70

Total 10.19 11.98

SLS DESIGN FORCES

Design: Calculation of Gap & Approach Slab
Unfactored SLS RARE COMB. SLS QUASI PER. COMB.
LOADS Force BM Load Force BM Load Force BM
T Tm Factor T Tm Factor T Tm
DL = 1.28 1.50 1 1.28 1.50 1 1.28 1.50
SIDL = 1.56 1.84 1 1.56 1.84 1 1.56 1.84
SURFACING = 0.37 0.44 1.2 0.45 0.53 1.2 0.54 0.63
LL = 3.80 4.47 1 3.80 4.47 0 0.00 0.00

Total 7.09 8.34 3.38 3.97

ULS DESIGN :
Design Bending Moment MED = 11.98 T-m

D = 0.300 m */ overall depth at d from face of support

d = 0.252 m */ deff at d from face of support

Clear Cover = 40 mm

Ast Provided = 16 f @ 120 c/c

2
= 1676 mm /m

Grade of Concrete fck = 25 Mpa fyk = 550 Mpa

Grade of steel fyk = 550 Mpa euk = 0.00275
eud = 0.00248
xu = 0.87 fyk Ast / 0.362 fck b fck = 25 Mpa
= 89 mm ecu2 = 0.0035
xumax/d = 0.5858
xumax = 0.586 d'
= 148 mm UNDER REINFORCED

Ast calculated = M/ 0.87 fyk (d'-0.416 xu)

2
= 1164 mm /m

Ast minimum = 0.15% * b*d

2
= 450 mm /m

Ast required = Max( 1164 , 450 )

2 2
= 1164 mm /m 1676 mm /m OK
(ULS) CHECK FOR SHEAR FORCE
Factored Shear Force VED = 10.19 Tonne

D = 0.300 m */ overall depth at face of support

d = 0.252 m */ deff at face of support

Design Shear Resitance

k = Min 1 + √ 200/d d is depth in mm

2
= 1.891

r1 = Min Asl /bw d

0.02
= 0.0066

scp = 0 Mpa

nmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2

= 0.40302

VRdc = Max ( 0.12 k (80 r1 fck )0.33 + 0.15 scp ) bw d ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.2 (2) )
(nmin +0.15scp ) bw d

= 13.4 Tonne > 10.19 Tonne OK

Max Shear Capacity of section

n = 0.6 * ( 1- fck /310) */ fck in Mpa
= 0.55

fcd = 0.446666667 *fck

= 11.17 Mpa

VRDC, max = 0.5 bw d n fcd

= 77.6 Tonne > 10.19 Tonne OK

(SLS) CHECK FOR STRESSES (RARE & QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATIONS)

Design Bending Moment MRARE = 8.34 Tm

MQP = 3.97 Tm
MST = MRARE - MQP (Bending Moment due to short term loading)
= 4.36 Tm
Modulus of Elasticity for Concrete
For short term loading Ecm = 32000 Mpa
Creep coefficent f = 1.30397
For long term loading Ecm' = 13889.1 Mpa

2
Reinf. modulus of elasticity Es = 200000 N/mm

Modular ratio for QP Combination = Es / Ecm' = 14.40

Equavelent Modulus of Elasticity for Rare Combination :

Ec,eq = Ecm*(MQP+MST) = 19735 MPa
MST +(1+f)* MQP

Modular ratio for Rare Combination = Es/ Ec,eq = 10.13

Formula used for calculation of stress
dc (depth of neutral axis) = -m*As +  ( m2 * As2 + 2* m*As*b* d )
b
INA (Transformed) = b *dc3/3 + m* As *(d-dc) 2

Compressive stress in concrete sc = MRARE* dc / I NA

Tensile stress in steel ss = m* MRARE* (d - dc ) / I NA

Description Stress Check For Rare Combination Stress Check For QP Combination
Design Moment = 8.34 Tm = 3.97 Tm
Total Depth at section = 0.3 m = 0.3 m
deff = 0.252 m = 0.252 m
width b = 1m = 1m
2 2
Ast, provided = 1676 mm /m = 1676 mm /m
Modular ratio = 10.13 = 14.40
dc (depth of neutral axis) = 77 mm = 89 mm
INA (Transformed) = 6.72E+08 mm4 = 8.76E+08 mm4

2 2
Compressive stress in concrete sc = 9.56 N/mm = 4.03 N/mm
2 2
Permissible Compressive stress = 16.8 N/mm OK = 12.6 N/mm OK

2 2
Tensile stress in steel ss = 220 N/mm = 107 N/mm
2 2
Permissible tensile stress = 400 N/mm OK = 300 N/mm OK

(SLS) CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH (QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATIONS)

Minimum Reinforcement for crack control :

As,min = kc k fct,eff Act / ss ( IRC 112 / clause 12.3.3 (2) )
For Web
kc = 0.4 For Bending member

h = 0.300 m , b = 1m
k = 1

fcteff = fctm
= 2.77 Mpa

Act =
Area of concrete within tensile zone just before the first crack form, section behaves elastically until
the tensile fiber stress reaches fctm. hence Neutral axis depth will be considered for gross section
Act = b * h/2
2
= 0.15 m

ss = Maximum stress permitted in reinf. Immediately after formation of crack

= fyk
= 550 Mpa

2 2
Asmin = 302 mm /m < 1676 mm /m OK
Calculation of Crack Width : ( IRC 112 / clause 12.3.4)
wk,max = 0.3 mm

Clear cover c = 40 mm
Bar dia feq = 16 mm
5 (c +feq/2) = 240 mm

Spacing b/w bars = 120 mm < 240 mm

The Following formula can be used for
srmax = Maximum crack spacing calculation of maximum crack spacing.
= 3.4c + 0.17 f /rPeff
= 250.3107551 mm

hc,eff = Min 2.5 ( h - d ) h = 0.3 m

( h - x)/3 d = 0.252 m */ (for Quasi
h/2 x = 0.0887542 m Permanent Load
= 0.07041526 m combination)

width b = 1m

2
Ac,eff = hc,eff *b = 0.07042 m

rP,eff = As/ Ac,eff

= 1676 / 70415.3
= 0.0238

ssc = Stress in tension Reinforcement assuming cracked section

= 107 Mpa */ (for Quasi Permanent Load combination)

Es = 200000 Mpa
Ecm' = 13889 Mpa */ (for Long term loading)
ae = Es/Ecm
ae = 14.40

kt = 0.5 (factor dependent on duration of load)

esm - ecm = Max ssc - kt fct,eff ( 1+ ae rP,eff ) / rP,eff

Es
0.6 ssc / Es
= 0.000319884

wk = srmax ( esm - ecm )

= 0.080 mm < 0.3 mm OK