Methods of Teaching Grammar
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Shan LumaynoluceroMethods of Teaching Grammar
Uploaded by
Shan LumaynoluceroMETHODS OF TEACHING GRAMMAR
1. Explicit Instruction (Deductive Method)
This method involves directly explaining grammar rules to students. Teachers present a
grammatical structure, such as the present perfect tense, and explain its form and function with
examples.
Steps:
Present the grammar rule.
Show examples.
Explain the rule's meaning and usage.
Provide practice exercises for students to apply the rule.
Pros:
Clear and structured.
Effective for explaining complex rules.
Works well for learners who prefer a clear understanding of "why."
2. Implicit Instruction (Inductive Method)
This approach focuses on guiding students to discover grammatical rules on their own by being
exposed to examples. The teacher presents several examples of language in use and asks students
to infer the rule based on patterns they observe.
Steps:
Provide several examples of the target grammar in context.
Encourage students to analyze and deduce the rule.
Guide them to verbalize their understanding.
Follow up with exercises to reinforce the rule.
Pros:
Engages students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Promotes deeper learning and long-term retention.
Learners can apply the rule naturally, leading to more fluent use of language.
3. Interactive Teaching - Collaborative Learning
Role Plays and Simulations, Interactive Discussions, Peer Teaching
4. Situational Contexts
Once the grammar structure is introduced, it’s time for students to practice it within the same or
similar contexts. Use a variety of activities that encourage the active use of the grammar.
Examples of Activities:
Role-play: Students work in pairs or groups, acting out the scenario (e.g., ordering food in a
restaurant to practice present simple or using conditionals to discuss future plans).
Information Gap: One student has information that the other doesn’t (e.g., different weekend
plans), and they must use the target grammar to communicate.
Problem-Solving Tasks: Students use the grammar structure to solve a problem. For example,
they could work together to plan a holiday, discussing possible weather scenarios (first
conditional) or recounting their last trip (past simple or continuous).
Storytelling: Ask students to tell a story about their last vacation or an important event in their
lives, focusing on using the past continuous or other relevant grammar.
Basic Grammar Topics
1. Parts of Speech (Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, etc.)
o Focus: Helping students identify and correctly use different parts of speech in writing
and speaking.
o Activity Ideas: Create fill-in-the-blank exercises, or have students classify words in
sentences as different parts of speech.
2. Tenses (Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Future Tenses)
o Focus: Teaching students how to use different tenses appropriately to talk about habits,
actions happening now, and actions that have happened in the past or will happen in the
future.
o Activity Ideas: Have students write short stories or dialogues using different tenses, or
correct incorrect usage in given sentences.
3. Subject-Verb Agreement
o Focus: Ensuring that the subject and verb agree in number and person.
o Activity Ideas: Students could correct sentences with subject-verb disagreement, or use
subject-verb agreement in group writing tasks.
Intermediate Grammar Topics
4. Conditionals (Zero, First, Second, Third)
o Focus: Helping students express hypothetical situations, real-world possibilities, and past
conditions.
o Activity Ideas: Role plays in which students create scenarios using different conditionals
or group discussions on how different hypothetical situations could play out.
5. Passive Voice
o Focus: Teaching students when and how to use the passive voice, especially in academic
writing and formal contexts.
o Activity Ideas: Students can convert active sentences to passive or vice versa, focusing
on when to use each form appropriately.
6. Direct and Indirect Speech
o Focus: Helping students report what others say, both directly and indirectly, with
attention to punctuation and tense changes.
o Activity Ideas: Students can rewrite reported speech in their own words or have a class
discussion where they practice both forms.
Advanced Grammar Topics
7. Relative Clauses (Defining and Non-Defining
o Focus: Teaching students how to give additional information about a noun in a sentence
using relative clauses.
o Activity Ideas: Students create sentences that describe people, places, or things using
relative clauses, or they can rewrite sentences to include relative clauses.
8. Modals (Can, Should, Must, Might, etc.)
o Focus: Helping students understand and correctly use modals to express ability,
permission, necessity, and possibility.
o Activity Ideas: Create situations in which students must use modals appropriately (e.g.,
asking for permission, making suggestions, etc.).
9. Gerunds and Infinitives
o Focus: Helping students understand when to use gerunds and infinitives after certain
verbs and expressions.
o Activity Ideas: Students can match verbs with the correct gerund or infinitive form, or
create sentences using specific verbs with gerunds or infinitives.