Current Electricity

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SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. A wire is in the form of a tetrahedron. The resistance of each edge is r. The equivalent resistances between
corners 1–2 and 1–3 are respectively

r r r r
(A) , (B) r, r (C) ,r (D) r,
2 2 2 2
Ans. (A)
Sol. The figure will look like when seen from above
1 3

2
each edge has resistance = r
equivalent resistance
= between 1 and 2
1



2
(resistance between 3 and 4
will not work as the given
configuration behaves like Wheatstone bridge)
1
r

 r

2
equivalent resistance between 1 and 2
1 1 1 2 r
   or R eq 
R eq r r r 2
equivalent resistance between 1 and 3
can be find out same process
r
R eq  .
2
Option A is Correct.

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2. In the circuit shown in figure, ammeter and voltmeter are ideal. If E = 4V, R = 9 and r = 1, then readings
of ammeter and voltmeter are
V
R R R
E1,r

A
(A) 1A, 3V (B) 2A, 3V (C) 3A, 4V (D) 4A, 4V
Ans. (A)

Sol.

E1 4
I  1
R 3 1
r
3
Reading of Ammeter I = 1A
1
Reading of Voltmeter V =  9  3V
3

3. Find the potential difference across the capacitor in volts.

R C

R R
R R

10V

(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 10

Ans. (B)
Sol. R A C

R R
R R
B

10V

5R
Net Resistance R ' 
3
10 6
current  
5R / 3 R
VAB = 8V [drop across capacitor]

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4. All resistances in the diagram below are in ohms. Find the effective resistance between the point A and B (in ).
3
3
3
6
6

6 3
3

A 3 B
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 3 (D) 2
Ans. (D)
Sol. By simple resistances in series and parallel RAB = 2

5. A battery of internal resistance 4 is connected to the network of resistances as shown in figure. In order that
the maximum power can be delivered to the network, the value of R in  should be
R R

E R 6R R
4 R 4R

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 1

Ans. (A)
Sol.
R
R
R
6R
R

R
4R
E 4

3R  6R
R eq   2R
9R

R 2R

2R 4R

4

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2R

4

For maximum power dissipation

Rin = Rext.
2R = 4
R = 2

6. An uncharged capacitor of capacitance 100 F is connected to a battery of emf 20V at t = 0 through a

resistance 10 , then time at which the rate of energy stored in the capacitor is maximum :
(A) (4 ln 2) ms (B) (2 ln 2) ms (C) (ln 2) ms (D) (3 ln 2) ms
Ans. (C)

Sol.

 
2
t
q2 CE 2 
Energy stored at time t, ‘U’ =  1  e RC
2C 2

Rate of energy stored

dU 1  
t


 CE 2  1  e RC  e RC
t

dt 2
d 2U
 0 after solving
dt 2
t = (ln 2) ms

7. In the above question the maximum rate at which energy is stored in the capacitor is :
(A) 10 J/s (B) 20 J/s (C) 40 J/s (D) 5 J/s
Ans. (A)
du
Sol. at t  ln 2 ms
dt
du qE  t / RC
 e
dt CR
du E  t / RC
 e CE  e  e  t / RC 
dt CR

du E 2  1  1
   2  1  2 
dt R

E2 1 20  20 1
  
R 4 10 4
dy
 10 J / s
dt

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8. If X, Y and Z in figure are identical lamps, which of the following changes to the brightness of the lamps occur
when switch S is closed?
Z
X S

Y
(A) X stays the same, Y decreases (B) X increases, Y decreases
(C) X increases, Y stays the same (D) X decreases, Y increases
Ans. (B)

Sol.
S z
x
b
c a y
When S is closed the potential drop across a and b decreases.
and across a and c increases.
 X will glow more while y will glow less.

9. A battery of internal resistance 2 is connected to a variable resistor whose value can vary from 4 to 10 .
The resistance is initially set at 4. If the resistance is now increased then :
(A) power consumed by it will decrease
(B) power consumed by it will increase
(C) power consumed by it may increase or may decrease
(D) power consumed will first increase then decrease
Ans. (A)
Sol. As resistance of circuit increases the current decreases.
 The power consumed by resistor will decrease.

10. The time constant of the shown circuit for charging is

R C

V1
V2 R
2R
R

5 5 7 7
(A) RC (B) RC (C) RC (D) RC
3 2 4 3
Ans. (C)
Sol. Equivalent resistance
3R 7R
 R 
4 4
7
Now time constant = RC = RC
4

11. A storage battery is connected to a charger for charging with a voltage of 12.5 volts. The internal resistance of
the storage battery is 1.When the charging current is 0.5 A, the emf of the storage battery is
(A) 13 volts (B) 12.5 volts (C) 12 volts (D) 11.5 volts
Ans. (C)

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Battery
Sol. 1

12.5 V
V =  + Ir
12.5 =  + 0.5 × 1
12.5 – 0.5 = 
12 volt = 

12. In the figure shown the power generated in y is maximum when y=5then R is
y

10V,
2
R

(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 5 (D) 3

Ans. (D)
Sol. The power generated in y is maximum when y and internal resistance of battery are equal.
 y=2+R
5=2+R
R = 3

13. A circuit is comprised of eight identical batteries and a resistor R = 0.8. Each battery has an emf of 1.0 V and
internal resistance of 0.2. The voltage difference across any of the battery is

R=0.8

(A) 0.5 V (B) 1.0V (C) 0V (D) 2V

Ans. (C)

0.2 0.2 0.2 3V

I1

1V 1V 1V 0.6

Sol.
I2 
0.8 0.8

1V 1V 1V

I3 0.6
0.2 0.2 0.2 3V
There will no current through 0.8 since potential difference across each terminal is zero
So I2 = 0 : I1 = I3
33
I1 =  5Amp
(0.6  0.6)
Voltage drop across each resistor
= 1 – (0.2 × 5) = 0 Volt

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14. The heat produced in the capacitors on closing the switch S is
4F 5F

20V 2
R 2
S

4
(A) 0.0002 J (B) 0.0005 J (C) 0.00075 (D) Zero
Ans. (D)
Sol. Since battery is initially connected with 4F capacitor so total drop will across 4F and capacitor will have 20
volt drop
So there will no change in any parameter after closing the swith S.

15. In the circuit shown in the figure, if the potential at point A is taken to be zero, the potential at point B is :

R1 2V
D
1A B

R2 2 2A

A
C
1V 1A 2A

(A) –2 V (B) +1 V (C) –1 V (D) +2 V

Ans. (B)
Sol. R1 2V
3V V = +1V
D B

R2 2V 2 2A
i = 1A
1V
0V 1A C 2A
1V
KCL at point C gives i = 1A  VD – VC = 1(2)
 VD = 3V
Hence potential at point C = 1V

16. For the circuit shown here, the potential difference between points A and B is
6C B 2C

6C 3C C 2C

10V C 20
A
(A) 2.5 V (B) 7.5 V (C) 10 V (D) Zero
Ans. (A)
Sol. 6C and 6C are in series then parallel with 3C
2C and 2C are in series then parallel with C
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B

6C 2C

C
C
+ –
A
10V 20
Potential of point A = 10 V
Now divide 10 V in 6C and 2C in inverse ratio of capocitors since they are in seriess
6
VB =  10  7.5 volt
26
VA – VB = 10 – 7.5
= 2.5 volt

17. By error, a student places moving–coil voltmeter V (nearly ideal) in series with the resistance in a circuit in
order to read the current, as shown. The voltmeter reading will be

E=12V,r=2

4
v
(A) 0 (B) 4V (C) 6V (D) 12V
Ans. (D)
Sol. Since ideal voltmeter has infinite resistance
So current will be zero and voltmeter would read potential drop across battery ie. 12V.

18. A Wheatstone's bridge is balanced with a resistance of 625 in the third arm, where P, Q and S are in the 1st,
2nd and 4th arm respectively. If P and Q are interchanged, the resistance in the third arm has to be increased
by 51to secure balance. The unknown resistance in the fourth arm is

(A) 625  (B) 650 (C) 676 (D) 600

Ans. (B)
Sol. Under balance condition
P Q
= .....(i)
S 625
Q P
After interchange = .....(ii)
S (625  51)
multiply (i) and (ii)
P Q QP
 =
S S 625  (625  51)
S2 = 625 × (625 + 51)
S = 625  (676) = 650

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19. A charged capacitor is allowed to discharge through a resistor by closing the key at the instant t = 0. At the
instant t=(n4)s, the reading of the ammeter falls half the initial value. The resistance of the ammeter is equal
to–
C=0.5 F
+ –
K

A
2
(A) 1M (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 2M
Ans. (C)
Sol. Current in capacitor is given by

i  e  t / Rc  I.e t / RC
R
Let resistance of ammeter is RA
R = (R A  2)
I0
at t = (n4)s i become
2
I0
= I.e–(n4)s/Rc
2
( n4) 2( n2)  1
= n2   n2
RC RC
RC = 2
R × 0.5  = 2
R = 2
R = 4 = 2 + R
R = 2

20. A 3 mega ohm resistor and an uncharged 1 F capacitor are connected in a single loop circuit with a constant
source of 4 volt. At one second after the connection is made what are the rates at which energy is being
delivered by the source ?
(A) 16(1 – e–1/3)  J/s (B) 16 J/s (C) 16/3 e–1/3  J/s (D) 16/3 (1 – e–1/3)  J/s
Ans. (C)
t
 
Sol. Current through capacitor = e
R
t
4 
= e 3
3m
Energy by battery = VI
t
4 3
= 4 e
3M
t
16  3
= e J
3
1
16  3
at t = 1 sec E  e J
3

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21. In the given potentiometer circuit length of the wire AB is 3m and resistance is R = 4.5. The length AC for no
deflection in galvanometer is
E=5V r=0.5

R=4.5
A B
C

G
E1=3V r1

(A) 2m (B) 1.8m (C) dependent on r1 (D) None of these

Ans. (A)
R4.5
Sol. Resistance per unit length   = 1.5 / meter
3
Now potential drop across AC should equal to 3V
and current in AB = 5 Volt/(0.5 + 4.5 )
= 1 AmP
Now 3 Volt = I × R
3 = 1 × (1.5) × 
3
 =  2 meter
1.5

22. A capacitor C = 100 F is connected to three resistor each of resistance 1kand a battery of emf 9V. The
switch S has been closed for long time so as to charge the capacitor. When switch S is opened, the capacitor
discharges with time constant–
C

1k
1k

S
1k
9V
(A) 33 ms (B) 5 ms (C) 3.3 ms (D) 50 ms
Ans. (D)
Sol. To calculate time constant 2 resistors of 1 K.. are connected in parallel
R 1K
R' = =
3 2
C = 100F
1K
R'C =  100F = 50 m sec.
2
23. Charge q versus t graph for a capacitor, initally uncharged is charged with a battery of emf 5V as shown in
figure. The resistance R of the circuit is

(A) 2M (B) 6M (C) 3M (D) 1.5M

Ans. (D)
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 
t

Sol. q = q 0  1  e RC 
 
 
q0 = 20 C q0 = CV
q = 12.6 C at t = 6 sec 20C = C × 5V
 
t

12.6 = 20  1  e RC
 C = 4F

 
t

0.63 = 1  e RC
for this t = RC
6 = R × 4F
R = 1.5 M

24. The equivalent resistance of a group of resistances is R. If another resistance is connected in parallel to the
group, its new equivalent becomes R1 and if it is connected in series to the group, it new equivalent becomes
R2 we have
(A) R1>R or R2>R (B) R1<R or R2>R (C) R1>R or R2<R (D) R1<R or R2<R
Ans. (B)
Sol. R1 < R since parallel combination  Req.
R2 > R since parallel combination  Req.

25. The net emf and internal resistance across AB of three batteries as shown in figure is :
2 8V

3V
A B


2 10V
(A) 2V, 1 (B) 2V, 2 (C) 2V, 1.5 (D) 4V, 2
Ans. (B)
Sol. Equivalent of 8V and 10V
10 8 2

 = 2 2  2  1 volt
1 1 P

2 2
2 2
req =  1
2 2

1 3V 1 1V 2V 2

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SECTION - 1 : MULTIPLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. A current passes through a wire of nonuniform cross section. Which of the following quantities are independent
of the cross–section?
(A) The charge crossing in a given time interval (B) Drift speed
(C) Current density (D) Free–electron density
Ans. (AD)
Sol.
v1: I1 ; J1
v2: I2 ; J2

I1 = I 2
v2 > v1
J2 > J1
n1 = n 2

2. In the circuit shown E, F, G and H are cells of e.m.f. 2V, 1V, 3V and 1V respectively and their internal
resistances are 2, 1, 3 and 1 respectively then-
A
F E

D B

G H
C
(A) VD–VB=–2/13V (B) VD–VB=2/13 V
(C) VG=21/13V = potential difference across G (D) VH = 19/13 V = potential difference across H
Ans. (ACD)
F iv E (2 )
(1 ) 2v

Sol.
2
(0 volt) D B(V)

G 3v H (1 )
3
Applying nodal analysis
I1 (B)
v I3

3 I2

1 2 2

0
(D)

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v 1 v v  2
  0
3 2 4
2
v
13
2
 vD  vB 
13
6
 I3  (So current will flow from D to B, trough G)
13
 Potential Across G
6 21
3  3  v
13 13
 Potential difference across H
6 19
vH = 1  1  
13 13

3. In the given circuit the point A is 9V higher than point B.

A B C D

6V 15V 24V
1 2 1

R
(A) R = 1 (B) R = 7
(C) Potential difference between B and D is 30V (D) Potential difference between B and C is 15V
Ans. (BC)
Sol. 15 V battery and 24 V battery form the dominating combination and hence I must flow from D to A through R.
24  15  6
 I
R 1 21
33
 I 
R4
Since inside the 6 V battery the current is going from positive terminal to the negative terminal so
VA – VB = 6 + Ir
33
 9 6
R4
 R + 4 = 11
 R=7
 33 
 VBC = 15 – 3(2) = 9V  I  3A 
 11 
 VBD = 39 – 3(3)
 VBD = 30 V

4. In a potentiometer arrangement E1 is the cell establishing current in primary circuit E2 is the cell to be measured.
AB is the potentiometer wire and G is a galvanometer. Which of the following are the essential condition for
balance to be obtained
(A) The emf of E1 must be greater than the emf of E2
(B) Either the positive terminals of both E1 and E2 or the negative terminals of both E1 and E2 must be joined
to one end of potentiometer wire
(C) The positive terminals of E1 and E2 must be joined to one end of potentiometer wire
(D) The resistance of G must be less than the resistance of AB
Ans. (AB)

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E1
Sol.

A B

E2
E1 > E2 (if it not so G will not show zero deflection

5. The wire AB of a meter bridge changes linearly from radius r to 2r from left end to right end. Length of wire is
1m. Where should the free end of the galvanometer be connected on AB so that the deflection in the
galvanometer is zero?
10V

A B
G

10 10

2 1 1 3
(A)m from end B (B) m from end A (C) m from end A (D) m from end B
3 3 4 4
Ans. (AB)
10V

Sol. 2r
y
R1 R2 r
A x B
(1-x) x
G

10 10 =1m

2r  r
where y = r  x
1

we know that resistance of non uniform cross section area =
ab
so let at distance x from A. null point enist.
R1 = R2
(x) (1  x)

r(r  rx) (r  rx)2r
1
x m.
3

6. A battery is of emf E is being charged from a charger such that positive terminal of the battery is connected to
terminal A of charger and negative terminal of the battery is connected to terminal B of charger. The internal
resistance of the battery is r
(A) Potential difference across points A and B must be more than E
(B) A must be at higher potential than B
(C) In battery, current flows from positive terminal to the negative terminal
(D) No current flows through battery
Ans. (ABC)

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E r
Sol.

A Charge B
VA > VB
VA – VB =  + Ir
Battery in charging

7. The circuit shown in the figure consists of a battery of emf =10 V; a capacitor of capacitance C=1.0 F and
three resistor of values R1 = 2, R2 = 2 and R3 = 1. Initially the capacitor is completely uncharged and
the switch S is open. The switch S is closed at t = 0.
R1
S

 R2 R3 C

(A) The current through resistor R3 at the moment the switch closed is zero
(B) The current through resistor R3 a long time after the switch closed is 5A.
(C) The ratio of current through R1 and R2 is always constant
(D) The maximum charge on the capacitor during the operation is 5C
Ans. (ABCD)
Sol. At t = 0 capacitor offer zero resistance to flow of charge so it behave like short circuit and no current will flow
throw R3
After long time capacitor behave like open circuit
 10
I   8A
R1R 2 2
R3 
R1  R 2
Ratio of current R1 and R2 Always constant because they are same and connected in parallel
Voltage across R3 is = 5 volt
Q = CV
= 1 × 5 = 5f

8. In the circuit shown in figure the switch is closed at t = 0. A long time after closing the switch

(A) voltage drop across the capacitor is E

E
(B) current through the battery is
R1  R 2
2
1  R 2E 
(C) energy stores in the capacitor is C 
2  R1  R 2 
(D) current through the capacitor becomes zero
Ans. (BCD)

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Sol. After long time capacitor behave like open circuit So

I
R1  R 2
R 2
Potential across = IR 2 
R1  R 2
2
1  R 2 
U  c
2  R1  R 2 
Current through capacitor become zero.

9. The value of the resistance R in figure is adjusted such that power dissipated in the 2resistor is maximum.
Under this condition

12V

R


(A) R=0 (B) R= 8

(C) power dissipated in the 2 resistors is 72W (D) power dissipated in the 2 resistor is 8W
Ans. (AC)
Sol. if R = 0;
I = 6A
P= I2R = 72W
8

R 2
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SECTION - 2 : COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

(SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTION)
Comprehension-1
In the circuit shown, the resistances are given in ohms and the battery is assumed ideal with emf equal to 3.0
volts.

10. The resistor that dissipates maximum power.

(A) R1 (B) R2 (C) R4 (D) R5
Ans. (A)

11. The potential difference across resistor R3 is

(A) 0.4 V (B) 0.6 V (C) 1.2 V (D) 1.5 V
Ans. (A)

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12. The current passing through 3V battery is
(A) 10 mA (B) 30 mA (C) 40 mA (D) 60 mA
Ans. (C)

Sol. The equivalent circuit can be redrawn as shown in figure1. From figure 1 it is obivious by (I 2R) that power
dissipated by R1 is maximum.

25
Potential difference across R2 is = × 3 volt =1 volt
25 + 50
20
Therefore potential difference across R3 or R4 = ×1volt =0.4 volt
20 + 30
The equivalent resistance of circuit across the cell is 50+25 = 75 ohms
3
Therefore current drawn through cell is ×1000 mA = 40 mA.
75

Comprehension-2
The switch s has been closed for long time and the electric circuit shown carries a steady current. Let C 1 = 3.0
F, C2 = 6.0 F, R2 = 7.0 k, and R1 = 4.0 k. The power dissipated in R2 is 2.8 W.

4k
C1
s R1
E R2
C2
7k

13. The power dissipated to the resistor R1 is -

(A) 2.8 W (B) 1.6 W (C) 4.9 W (D) 0
Ans. (B)
Sol. i = 2 × 10–2 A
PR1 = i2 R1 = (2 û 10–2)2 × 4 × 103 = 1.6 W

14. The charge on capacitors C1 and C2 are respectively.

(A) 940 C, 940 C (B) 440 C, 440 C (C) 240 C, 840 C (D) 840 C, 240 C
Ans. (C)
Sol. Q C1 = VR1 × C1 = 80 × 3 × 10–6 = 240 C
QC2 = VR 2 × C2 = 140 × 6 × 10–6 = 840 C

15. Long time after switch is opened, the charge on C1 is :

(A) Zero (B) 420 C (C) 240 C (D) 660 C
Ans. (D)
Sol. Q C1 = EC1 = 220 × 3 × 10–6 = 660 C

C1
R1
220V
R2
C2

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SECTION - 1 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

1. Potential difference between points A and B (i.e. VA - VB) is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

Ans. 4V

Sol.

along wire ACDB

VA – 2 – 6 + 4 = V B
VA – VB = 4 V

2. For the circuit shown in the figure the reading of the voltmeter will be......
12V

100  200 


200  V
Ans. 9V
800
Sol. Re q 
3
800 12  3
V = IR  12  I  I
3 800
12  3
reading of voltmeter is  200   9V
800

3. In a metre bridge experiment, the null deflection is obtained at a length 25 cm from left end. When a standard
resistance of 5 is employed in the right gap, the value of resistance in the left gap to be determined is........
Ans. 1.66
 100  
Sol. s R
 
75 5
5  R  R   1.66
25 3

4. An electric bulb rated for 500 W at 100 V is used in a circuit having a 200 V supply. The resistance R that must
be put in series with the bulb, so that the bulb delivers 500 W is .......
Ans. (20)

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 Current Electricity

V2 100  100
Sol. Resistance at bulb R bulb    20 
P 500
Req = R + 20
V 200
I 
Req (R  20)
Bulb delivers 500 W so:
200  200
P = I2Rbulb  500   20
(R  20)2
200  200
 500   20
(R  20)2
 (R + 20)2 = 40 × 40
 R + 20 = 40
 R = 20

5. Find current in the branch CD of the circuit (in ampere).

B
 
D
A 

C

30V
Ans. 15A
Sol. 5A 2 D

A B 5A
10A C
2

20 10 3

30
Circuit can be redrawn as
Req = ; I = 20 A
Current In ICD = IAC + IB; ICD = 15 A

6. In the circuit shown what are the potential at B is ? (in volt)

A
1
12 V B
0V 
6V C


D
Ans. (11)

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7. At what value of the resistance Rx in the circuit shown in figure will the total resistance between points A and B
be independent of the number of loops?
2R 2R 2R 2R
A

R R R R Rx

Ans. R  3 1
Sol. '2R' and 'Rx' are in series therefore R = 2R + Rx and it is in parallel with
(2R  R x )(R)
'R'Req =  Rx
(R  2R  R x )
By solving above equation Rx =  
3 1 R

2
8. Find the current through  resistance in the figure shown.
3
 



 

10V
Ans. 1A
Sol. Submission of current at the Node 'X' is 2 4
x
x  10 x  0  2x  10 
  3 0
2 4  2  10 2/3  0
4 2
80
15x – 20 – 60= 0  x  10–x
15
V  10 3 
Current =    =1A
R  15 2 

SECTION - 2 : MATRIX - MATCH QUESTIONS

9. In the potentiometer arrangement shown in figure, null point is obtained at length .

E1 R


J

E2
Column I Column II
(A) If E1 is increased (p)  should increase
(B) If R is increased (q)  should decrease
(C) If E2 is increased (r)  should remain the same to again get the null point
Ans. A-q; B-p; C-p
1
Sol. I 
R  R AB
 1 
2   R'
 R  R AB 

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 Current Electricity


If 1 increase so 1R' is constant

1R' = constant
1 increase so R' decrease so length () decrease
If R increase
R'
 constant
R  R AB
R increase R' increase so length () increases
if 2 increases
1
2  R'
R  R AB
so R' increases so length ()increases

10. The diagram shows a circuit with two identical resistors. The battery has a negligible internal resistance. What
will the effect on the ammeter and voltmeter be if the switch S is closed ?
S
V

R R

Column I Column II
(A) Ammeter reading (p) Increases
(B) Voltmeter reading (q) Decreases
(C) Equivalent resistance of circuit (r) Does not change
(D) Power dissipated across R in right branch (s) Becomes zero
Ans. A-p; B-p; C-q; D-q,s
Sol. (i) when switch is closes the resistance decreases so current increases, so ammeter reading increases.
(ii) Voltmeter reading increases due to current increases.
(iii) When switch is open Req = 2R, if switch is closes
Req = R, equivalent resistance decreases.
(iv) Potential difference across R is zero, so power dissipated is zero

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SECTION-1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. The supply voltage to a room is 120V. The resistance of the lead wires is 6. A 60 W bulb is already switched
on. What is the decrease of voltage across the bulb, when a 240 W heater is switched on in parallel to the
bulb? [AIEEE - 2013]
(1) zero Volt (2) 2.9 Volt (3) 13.3 Volt (4) 10.04 Volt
Ans. (4)

Sol.

6
6
240 240

60
(120)2
R bulb   240
60
120
V1   240  117.07
246
(120)2
R heater   60
240
120
V2   48  106.6
54
So change in voltage = V1 – V2  10.4 Volt

2. This question has Statement I and Statement II. Of the four choice given after the Statements, choose the one
that best describes the two Statemens. [AIEEE - 2013]
Statement-I : Higher the range, greater is the resistance of ammeter.
Statement-II : To increase the ragne of ammeter, additional shunt needs to be used across it.
(1) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true, Statement-II is the correct explanation of Statement-I
(2) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true, Statement-II is not the correct explanation of Statement-I.
(3) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(4) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.
Ans. (4)
Sol. To increase the range of ammeter, resistance should be decreased (So additional shunt connected in parallel)
so total resistance to ammeter decreases.

3. A dc source of emf E1 = 100 V and internal resistance r = 0.5 , a storage E1 r = 0.5

battery of emf E2 = 90 V and an external resistance R are connected as
shown in figure. For what value of R no current will pass through the battery?
[JEE(Main) 2013, Online]
(1) 5.5  (2) 4.5  E2
(3) 2.5  (4) 3.5 
Ans. (2) R
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 Current Electricity

10  10 I –10V 0.5
Sol. I  20A
0.5 90 0

90 90V I
20A 
R 0

90 R
R  4.5
20 90
I 0
4. Which of the four resistances P, Q, R and S generate the greatest amount of heat when a current flows from A
to B ? [JEE(Main) 2013, Online]

(1) Q (2) S (3) P (4) R

Ans. (2)
P=2 Q=4

Sol. I1=I

A R=1 S=2 B
I2=2I

VAB = I1(6) = I2(3)

I2 2

I1 1
(Power)P = 2I2
(Power)Q = 4I2
(Power)R = 1(2I)2 = 4I2
(Power)S = 2(2I)2 = 8I2

5. In a large building, there are 15 bulbs of 40 W, 5 bulbs of 100 W, 5 fans of 80W and 1 heater of 1 kW. The
voltage of the electric mains is 220 V. The minimum capacity of the main fuse of the building will be
(1) 8A (2) 10A (3) 12A (4)14A [JEE(Main) 2014]
Ans. (3)
(220)2 (220)2
Sol. R 40W bulb  R fan 
40 80
2
(220) (220)2
R100W bulb  R heater 
100 1000
All appliances are in parallel:
1 15 5 5 1
   
R eq 220 2 220 2 220 2 220 2
40 100 80 1000
1 15  40  5  100  5  80  1000

R eq 220 2
1 600  500  400  1000 2500
 
R eq 220 2 220 2
Total current drawn from mains:
V 125
I   11.36 A
R eq. 11

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6. Four bulbs B1, B2, B3 and B4 of 100 W each are connected to 220 V main as shown in the figure. Ihe reading
in an ideal ammeter will be [JEE(Main) 2014, Online]

220 V B1 B2 B3 B4

Ammeter
(1) 1.35 A (2) 0.45 A (3) 1.80 A (4) 0.90 A
Ans. (1)
Sol. 0.45A 0.45A 0.45A 0.45A
220V
B1 B2 B3 B4

1.8A 1.35A 1A 0.45A

Reading of ammeter = 1.35 A

7. When 5V potential difference is applied across a wire of length 0.1 m, the drift speed of electrons is
2.5 × 10–4 ms1. If the electron density in the wire is 8 × 1028 m–3, the resistivity of the material is close to :
[JEE(Main) 2015]
(1) 1.6 × 10–8 m (2) 1.6 × 10–7 m (3) 1.6 × 10–6 m (4) 1.6 × 10–5 m
Ans. (4)
Sol. V = IR
 V = (neAVd)R

 5 = 8 × 1028 ×1.6 × 10–19 × A × 2.5 × 10–4 × R

5  1028 19  4 L
  A
8  1.6  2.5 A
5  105
  101 
8  1.6  2.5
5  104
   0.15625  104
32
 = 1.6 × 10–5 m

8. In the circuit shown, the current in the 1 resistor is : [JEE(Main) 2015]

6V P 2

1
9V

3 Q 3
(1) 1.3 A, from P to Q (2) 0A (3) 0.13 A, from Q to P (4) 0.13 A, from P to Q
Ans. (3)

Sol. Apply K  L in loop I 6V i2 2

9 – 2i1 – (i1 – i2) – 3i1 = 0 i1
(i,-i2)
9 – 6 i1 + i2 = 0 ......(1) (II) (I) 9V
1
Apply K  L in loop II i1
6 – 3i2 + (i1 – i2) = 0 ......(2) i2
3 3

24 E
 Current Electricity

Solving Equation (1) and (2)
42
i1 
23
45
i2 
23
3
(i1 – i2) = = 0.13A from Q to P.
23
9. A 10V battery with internal resistance 1 and a 15V battery with internal resistance 0.6 are connected in
parallel to a voltmeter (see figure). The reading in the voltmeter will be close to: [JEE(Main) 2015, Online]
10V

1

0.6

V
(1) 13.1 V (2) 11.9 V (3) 24.5 V (4) 12.5 V
Ans. (1)
10  x x  15 –10V
Sol.  1
1 0.6 0 X
5x  75
10  x  –15V
3 1
0 X
30  3x  5x  75

105
 x
8 0 V X
Reading of voltmeter = –13.1V

10. In the electric network shown, when no current flows through the 4 resistor in the arm EB, the potential
difference between the points A and D will be : [JEE(Main) 2015, Online]
2 E D
F
2V


2 R
4V

A 9V B 3V C
(1) 6V (2) 3V (3) 4V (4) 5V
Ans. (4)
Sol. VA – VD = 9V – 4V = 5V
2V 2 4V
4V
D
4
2 i=0 R
4V
9V 0V
9V
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11. A galvanometer having a coil resistance of 100  gives a full scale deflection, when a current of 1mA is passed
through it. The value of the resistance, which can convert this galvanometer into ammeter giving a full scale
deflection for a current of 10A, is : [JEE(Main) 2016]
(1) 0.01  (2) 2  (3) 0.1  (4) 3 
Ans. (1)
Sol. 103  100  S  10
S = 0.01

12. In the circuit shown, the resistance r is a variable resistance. If for r = f R, the heat generation in r is maximum
then the value of f is : [JEE(Main) 2016, Online]
R
R

1 1 3
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
4 2 4
Ans. (3)
R
P Q
R Q Q
P P
P Q
R
Sol.
 

R
Q R/2


Heat generation maximum

if rin = rext.
rvariable = R/2
 f = 1/2

13. In the given circuit diagram when the current reaches steady state in the circuit, the charge on the capacitor of
capacitance C will be [JEE(Main) 2017]

r1 r2 r1
(1) CE (2) CE (3) CE (4) CE
(r2  r1 ) (r  r2 ) (r1  r2 )
Ans. (2)
E
r

Sol.
C

r2

 E 
i0  
 r  r2 

26 E
 Current Electricity

VC = i0 r2

 Er 
VC =  2 
 r  r2 
q = CV
 CE r2 
q=  
 r  r2 

2V 2V 2V

14.
1 1 1

2V 2V 2V
In the above circuit the current in each resistance is : [JEE(Main) 2017]
(1) 0.25 A (2) 0.5 A (3) 0 A (4) 1 A
Ans. (3)
Sol. Let potential at A be 0
2V 2V 2V
10V 4V 2V 0V

1 1 1

6V 4V 2V 0V
2V 2V 2V
Potential difference across each resistance is 0.
Hence current across each resistance = 0A

15. The figure shows three circuits I, II and III which are connected to a 3V battery. If the powers dissipated by the
configurations I, II and III are P1, P2 and P3 respectively, then : [JEE(Main) 2017, Online]

1 1

1 1 1 1 1
1
1 3V
1 3V
1
1 1 3V
1
1

(I) (II) (III)

(1) P1 > P3 > P2 (2) P1 > P2 > P3 (3) P2 > P1 > P3 (4) P3 > P2 > P1
Ans. (3)
Sol. The given three circuits R1, R2 and R3
are equivalent to the following three circuits.

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

  

32 32 32
P1 = =9W, P2 = = 18 W, P3 = = 4.5 W , P2 > P1 > P3
1 1/ 2 2

16. Two batteries with e.m.f. 12 V and 13 V are connected in parallel across a load resistor of 10 . The internal
resistances of the two batteries are 1  and 2  respectively. The voltage across the load lies between :
[JEE(Main) 2018]
(1) 11.6 V and 11.7 V (2) 11.5 V and 11.6 V (3) 11.4 V and 11.5 V (4) 11.7 V and 11.8 V
Ans. (2)
1

12V
1 2
 2
r1 r2
Sol. Equivalent emf =
1 1 13V

r1 r2

10 
37
0  V
3
Equivalent internal resistance
2
ri  
3
 37 
  37
i0   3  
37/3 V 2/3
 2  32
 10  
 3
V  0  i0 ri
37 37 2 V
V  
3 32 3
37 37 10 
 
3 48
37  1  37  15
 1    11.56V
3  16  48

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17. In a potentiometer experiment, it is found that no current passes through the galvanometer when the terminals
of the cell are connected across 52 cm of the potentiometer wire. If the cell is shunted by a resistance of 5 , a
balance is found when the cell is connected across 40 cm of the wire. Find the internal resistance of the cell.
[JEE(Main) 2018]
(1) 1  (2) 1.5  (3) 2  (4) 2.5 
Ans. (2)
 V 
Sol.   0.52  E
 x 
V E(5)
(0.4) 
x 5r
52 5  r

40 5
13 5  r

10 5
65 = 50 + 10 r
r = 1.5 

18. On interchanging the resistances, the balance point of a meter bridge shifts to the left by 10 cm. The resistance
of their series combinations is 1 K. How much was the resistance on the left slot before interchanging the
resistance ? [JEE(Main) 2018]
(1) 990  (2) 505  (3) 550  (4) 910 
Ans. (3)
Sol. R(x) = (1000 – R) (100 – x)
x – (100 – x) = 10
 x = 55 cm
Now
R (0.55) = (1000 – R) (0.45)
11 R = 9000 – 9R
20 R = 9000
R = 450 
Resistance on left will be 1000 – R = 550 

19. Two electric bulbs, rated at (25 W, 220 V) and (100 W, 220 V), are connected in series across a 220 V voltage
source. If the 25 W and 100 W bulbs draw powers P1 and P2 respectively, then: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) P1 = 9 W, P2 = 16 W (2) P1 = 4 W, P2 = 16W
(3) P1 = 16 W, P2 = 4W (4) P1 16 W, P2 = 9W
Ans. (3)
220 2
Sol. R1 
25
220 2
R2 
100
220
L
R1  R 2
P1 = i2 R1
P2 = i2 (R2 = 4W)

220 2 220 2
 
 220 2 220 2  25
  
 25 100 
400
  16W
25

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20. In the given circuit diagram, the currents, I 1 =–0.3A, I4 = 0.8 A and I5 = 0.4 A, are flowing as shown. The
currents I2,I3 and I6,respectively, are : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]

(1) 1.1 A, 0.4 A, 0.4 A (2) –0.4 A, 0.4 A, 1.1 A (3) 0.4 A, 1.1 A, 0.4 A (4) 1.1 A,–0.4 A, 0.4 A
Ans. (1)

Sol.

From KCL, I3 = 0.8 –0.4 = 0.4A

I2 = 0.4 + 0.4 + 0.3 = 1.1 A
I6 = 0.4A

21. A galvanometer, whose resistance is 50 ohm, has 25 divisions in it. When a current of 4 ×10 –4 A passes
through it, its needle (pointer) deflects by one division. To use this galvanometer as a voltmeter of range 2.5 V,
it should be connected to a resistance of: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 6250 ohm (2) 250 ohm (3) 200 ohm (4) 6200 ohm
Ans. (3)
Sol. Ig = 4 × 10–4 × 25 = 10–2 A
G ig
50 R
2.5V
2.5 = (50 + R) 10–2  R = 200 

22. A uniform metallic wire has a resistance of 18  and is bent into an equilateral triangle. Then, the resistance
between any two vertices of the triangle is: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 8  (2) 12  (3) 4  (4) 2
Ans. (3)

6 6
Sol.

A 6 B
Req between any two vertex will be
1 1 1
   R eq.  4 
R eq 12 6

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23. A 2 W carbon resistor is color coded with green, black, red and brown respectively. The maximum current which
can be passed through this resistor is : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 63 mA (2) 0.4 mA (3) 100 mA (4) 20 mA
Ans. (4)
Sol. P = i2R.
 for imax, R must be minimum
from color coding R = 50×102
 imax = 20mA

24. A potentiometer wire AB having length L and resistance 12 r is joined to a cell D of emf  and internal
resistance r. A cell C having emf /2 and internal resistance 3r is connected. The length AJ at which the
galvanometer as shown in fig. shows no deflection is : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
D ,r
+ –

A J B

+ –
C G
,
2 3r
5 11 11 13
(1) L (2) L (3) L (4) L
12 24 12 24
Ans. (4)

Sol. i
13r
x  
i  12r  
L  2
 x   13L
 .12r    x 
13r  L  2 24

25. A resistance is shown in the figure. Its value and tolerance are given respectively by:
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
RED ORANGE

VIOLET SILVER
(1) 27 K (2) 270 K (3) 270 K (4) 27 K
Ans. (4)
Sol. Color code :
Red violet orange silver
R = 27 × 103  ± 10%
= 27 K ± 10%
26. A carbon resistance has a following colour code. What is the value of the resistance ?
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]

G OY Golden
(1) 1.64 M  5% (2) 530 k  5% (3) 64 k  10% (4) 5.3 M  5%
Ans. (2)
Sol.

G O Y 4 Golden
5 3 10 ±5%
R = 53 × 104 ± 5% = 530 k ± 5%

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
27. In the given circuit the internal resistance of the 18 V cell is negligible. If R1 = 400, R3 = 100  and R4 = 500
and the reading of an ideal voltmeter across R4 is 5V, then the value R2 will be : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
R3 R4

R1

R2

18V
(1) 300  (2) 230  (3) 450  (4) 550 
Ans. (1)
R3=100 R4=500

Sol. i i1

R1=400
i2 R2

18V
V4 = 5V
V
i1  4  0.01A
R4
V3 = i1R3 = 1V
V3 + V4 = 6V = V2
V1 + V3 + V4 = 18V
V1 = 12 V
V
i  1  0.03Amp.
R1
i2 = 0.02 Amp V2 = 6V
V2 6
R2    300
i2 0.02

28. A 200  resistor has a certain color code. If one replaces the red color by green in the code, the new resistance
will be : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 100  (2) 400  (3) 500  (4) 300 
Ans. (3)
Sol. Digid code of red is 2
and digid code of green is 5.

29. In the figure shown, what is the current (in Ampere) drawn from the battery ? You are given:
R1 = 15, R2 = 10, R3 = 20, R4 = 5, R5= 25, R6 = 30, E = 15 V [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
R3
R1
+
E– R2 R4

R6 R5
(1) 7/18 (2) 13/24 (3) 9/32 (4) 20/3
Ans. (3)
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 Current Electricity

15 20
Sol.
Ev 10 5

30 25
 
 15  9
i   0.28 
  320   32
  6  
 

30. Determine the charge on the capacitor in the following circuit : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]

(1) 2µC (2) 60µC (3) 200µC (4) 10µC

Ans. (3)
I 6
Sol.

72V 4 12

6 8A 2 2A
6A 2A
72V 4 10
10 F

4  12
R'  3
10
72
 I  8A
9
Q = CV = 10 × 20 = 200 C

31. A metal wire of resistance 3  is elongated to make a uniform wire of double its previous length. This new wire
is now bent and the ends joined to make a circle. If two points on this circle make an angle 60° at the centre,
the equivalent resistance between these two points will be : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
12 5 5 7
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 
5 3 2 2
Ans. (2)
Sol. 5R/6

60°

R/6

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JEE-Physics

 5R   R 
 6    6  5R
Re q     
5R R 36

6 6
using R 0  
A
If length doubles A is half
2
R  4R 0  12
A/2
5 5
Re q  (12)  
36 3

32. The resistive network shown below is connected to a D.C. source of 16V. The power consumed by the network is
4 Watt. The value of R is : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
4R 6R
R R

4R 12 R

 = 16V
(1) 8 (2) 6 (3) 1 (4) 16
Ans. (1)
16 2
Sol. 4
R eq
R eq  8R  R = 8

33. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a voltmeter of range 0 – 1V by connecting a resistance R1 in

series with it. The additional resistance that should be connected in series with R 1 to increase the range of the
voltmeter to 0 – 2V will be : [JEE(Adv.) 2020, ONLINE]
(1) R1 (2) R1 + G (3) R1 – G (4) G
Ans. (2)
R1
Sol. G
ig
 1 = ig(G + R1) ... (1)
G
R1 R2
 2 = ig(R1 + R2 + G) ...(2)
(1) % (2)
1 G  R1
 
2 G  R1  R 2
G + R1 + R2 = 2G + 2h1
(R2 = G + R1)

34 E
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
34. The colour coding on a carbon resistor is shown in the given figure. The resistance value of the given resistor
is: [JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]

Gold
Red
Green
Violet
(1) (5700 ± 285)  (2) (7500 ± 750)  (3) (5700 ± 375)  (4) (7500 ± 375) 
Ans. (4)
Sol. R = 75 × 102 ± 5% of 7500
R = (7500 ± 375)

35. A teacher in his physics laboratory allotted an experiment to determine the resistance (G) of a galvanometer.
1
Students took the observations for deflection in the galvanometer. Which of the below is true for measuring
3
value of G? [JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
1
(1) deflection method cannot be used for determining the resistance of the galvanometer.
3
1
(2) deflection method can be used and in this case the G equals to twice the value of shunt resistance(s).
3
1
(3) deflection method can be used and in this case, the G equals to three times the value of shunt resistance(s)
3
1
(4) deflection method can be used and in this case the G value equals to the shunt resistance(s).
3
Ans. (2)
Sol. In galvanometer Ig
I G
 (I  Ig )S  Ig G
Ig S

I SG
1 S S
   S  G  3S  G  2S
3 SG

36. Two sources of equal emfs are connected in series. This combination is connected to an external resistance R.
The internal resistances of the two sources are r1 and r2 (r1 > r2). If the potential difference across the source of
internal resistance r1 is zero then the value of R will be [JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
r1 r2 r1  r2
(1) r1 – r2 (2) (3) (4) r2 – r1
r1  r2 2
Ans. (1)
r1 E r2
Sol.
V=0

I R
2E
I
r1  r2  R
IR = E – Ir2
I (R+ r2)= E
E
I
R  r2

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JEE-Physics

2E E

r1  r2  R R  r2
2R + 2r2 = r1 + r2 + R
R = r1 – r2

37. Ratio of thermal energy released in two resistor R and 3R connected in parallel in an electric circuit is :
[JEE(Main) 2023, Online]
(1) 3 : 1 (2) 1 : 1 (3) 1 : 3 (4) 1 : 27
Ans. (1)
V2
Sol. H  t
R
V2t
H1
 R  3 :1
H2 V2t
3R

38. With the help of potentiometer, we can determine the value of emf of a given cell. The sensitivity of the
potentiometer is [JEE(Main) 2023, Online]
(A) directly proportional to the length of the potentiometer wire
(B) directly proportional to the potential gradient of the wire
(C) inversely proportional to the potential gradient of the wire
(D) inversely proportional to the length of the potentiometer wire
Choose the correct option for the above statements:
(1) B and D only (2) A and C only (3) A only (4) C only
Ans. (2)
Sol. Sensitivity of potentiometer wire is inversely proportional to potential gradient.

39. A student is provided with a variable voltage source V, a test resistor Rr =10, two identical galvanometers Gl
and G2 and two additional resistors, R1 = 10M and R2 = 0.001. For conducting an experiment to verify
ohms law, the most suitable circuit is: [JEE (Main) 2023 - Online]
G1 G1
R2 R1
G2 G2
RT R1 RT R2
(1) (2)

V V
G1 G1
R1
R2
G2 G2
(3) RT (4) RT
R2 R1

V V
Ans. (3)
Sol. To convert galvanometer into ammeter low resistances should be added into parallel & for voltmeter
conversion, a very high resistance should be added in series.

36 E
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
SECTION-2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

40. The balancing length for a cell is 560 cm in a potentiometer experiment. When an external resistance of 10 
is connected in parallel to the cell, the balancing length changes by 60cm. If the internal resistance of the cell is
N
 , where N is an integer then value of N is____ . [JEE(Main) 2020, ONLINE]
10
Ans. (12)
 x  x' 
Sol. r = R  
 x' 
60
 10   12
500

41. Consider a 72 cm long wire AB as shown in the figure. The galvanometer jockey is placed at P on AB at a
distance x cm from A. The galvanometer shows zero deflection.
[JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
12 C 6

x
A B
P

The value of x, to the nearest integer, is

Ans. (48)
Sol. In Balanced conditions
12 x

6 72  x
x = 48 cm

42. The ratio of the equivalent resistance of the network (shown in figure) between the points a and b when switch
is open and switch is closed is x : 8. The value of x is _______.
[JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
R 2R

a S b

2R R
Ans. (9)
3R
Sol. Req open =
2
R  2R 4R
Req closed = 2  
3R 3
R eq open 3R 3 9
  
R eq closed 2 4R 8
x=9

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
43. In meter bridge experiment for measuring unknown resistance ‘S’, the null point is obtained at a distance 30
cm from the left side as shown at point D. If R is 5.6 k, then the value of unknown resistance ‘S’ will be
_______ . [JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]

Ans. (2400)
S 5.6  10 3
Sol. 
30 70
3
S   5.6  103  2400
7

44. In a metre bridge experiment the balance point in obtained if the gaps are closed by 2 and 3. A shunt of
X is added to 3 resistor to shift the balancing point by 22.5 cm. The value of X is ____ .
[JEE(Main) 2023, Online]
Ans. (2)
2 40  22.5 62.5 5
Sol.   
 3x  60  22.5 37.5 3
3x
 
6 3x

5 3x
6  2x  5x  x  2

45. The length of a metallic wire is increased by 20% and its area of cross section is reduced by 4%. The
percentage change in resistance of the metallic wire is _______ . [JEE (Main) 2023 - Online]
Ans. (25)

Sol. R be the initial resistance new resistance

A
1.2
R'    1.25  1.25R
0.96A A
1.25R  R
percentage change   100  25%
R

38 E
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

SECTION-1 : SINGLE CHOICE CORRECT QUESTIONS

1. To find the resistance of a galvanometer by the half deflection method the following circuit is used with
resistances R1 = 9970, R2 = 30and R3 = 0. The deflection in the galvanometer is d. With R3 = 107 the
d
deflection changed to . The galvanometer resistance is approximately : [JEE(Main) 2013, Online]
2

R1 R2

G R3

(1) 107/2  (2) 137  (3) 77  (4) 107 

Ans. (3)
R 1R 2
R1  R1  R 2

R2
Sol.

R3
G G
R 2
R1  R 2
 
K1 K1 R1R 2 R 2
  
1 1 R1  R 2 R1 (R1  R 2 ) R1  R 2

R1 R 2 R1 R 2
R 2
R1  R 2 cd

R1 R 2 2
 (R 3  G)
R1  R 2
R 2
R1  R 2

R1R 2  R 3 (R1  R 2 )  (R1  R 2 )G
R1  R 2
R 2

G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2  R 3 (R1  R 2 )
R 2 cd
IR3 0  
G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2 2
R 2 cd
IR3 107  
(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2  R 2R 3  R 3 R 4 2

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JEE-Physics

R 2 2R 2

G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2 G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 3  R 3 R 4  R
G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 3  R 3 R 4  2G(R1  R 2 )  2R1R 2
G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 3  R 3 R 4  R1R 2
R1R 3  R 3 R 4  R1R 2
G
R1  R 2
R1 R 2
G  R3 
R1  R 2
R 2
 cd
G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2
R 2 2R 2

G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2 G(R1  R 2 )  R1R 2  R 3 (R1  R 2 )
G(R1 + R2) + R1R2 + R3(R1 + R2) = 2G(R1 + R2) + 2R1R2
G(R1 + R2) = R\(R1 + R2) – R1R2
G  107  29.31  77

2. Six equal resistances are connected between points P, Q and R as shown in figure. Then net resistance will be
maximum between : [JEE(Main) 2013, Online]
P

r
r r r
r
Q r R
(1) P and Q (2) P and R (3) Any two points (4) Q and R
Ans. (1)
Sol. Along PQ
r r
 3  2  (r) 5r 2
R PQ   
r r r r 
 r 6   r 
3 2  3 2 
r  r   4r 2 
3  r  2   
R QR      3  2   4r 2
r r r r  r r
r  r  6r   
3 2 3 2  3 2
 r  r   3r  r 
 r  2  3   2  3  3r 2
RPR =        
r r r r  r r
r  r  6 r   
3 2 3 2  3 2
RPQ > RQR > RPR

40 E
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
3. In the circuit diagrams (A, B, C and D) shown below, R is a high resistance and S is a resistance the order of
galvanometer G. The correct circuit, corresponding to the half deflection method for finding the resistance and
figure of merit of the galvanometer, is the circuit labelled as : [JEE(Main) 2014, Online]
R K2 K2

S R
G G
S
(A) (B)

K1 K1
K2

S R S K2
G G
R
(C) (D)

K1 K1
(1) Circuit C with G = S (2) Circuit B with G = S
RS RS
(3) Circuit A with G  (4) Circuit D with G 
(R  S) RS
Ans. (4)
Sol. The correct diagram is D with galvanometer resistance
RS
G
RS

4. In the circuit shown, current (in A) through the 50 V and 30 V batteries are, respectively :-
[JEE(Main) 2014, Online]
5

20 
50 V 10  30 V
5

(1) 3 and 2.5 (2) 3.5 and 2 (3) 4.5 and 1 (4) 2.5 and 3
Ans. (3)
Sol. I1 + I2 = 2 + 2.5 = 4.5 A
50+xV 50+xV 5 30V I3 =1A
50  x  x 30V
I1 =  2.5A I1+I2 I2
20 I2+I3
30 50V 20 30V
I2  I3   3A  I 3  3  I 2  1A
10 10
I1+I2 I1
In PQRS :
50 – 5I2 – 30 – 5I2 = 0
xV xV I2 5 0V 0V
10I2 = 20  I2 = 2A

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
5. The circuit shown here has two batteries of 8.0V and 16.0 V and three resistors 3, 9 and 9 and a
capacitor 5.0 µF How much is the current I in the circuit in steady state ? [JEE(Main) 2014, Online]
I

3 5µF 9

8. 0 V 9 16.0 V

I1 I2
(1) 1.6 A (2) 2.5 A (3) 0.67 A (4) 0.25 A
Ans. (3)
Sol. In steady state capacitor is fulley charged hence no current will flow through capacitor.
Simplified circuit :

3 9

8V 16V

16 – 9I – 3I – 8 = 0
8 = 12I
8 2
I=   0.67 Amp.
12 3

6. Suppose the drift velocity vd in a material varied with the applied electric field E as v d  E . Then V - I graph
for a wire made of such a material is best given by : [JEE(Main) 2015, Online]
V V V V

(1) (2) (3) (4)

I I I I
Ans. (2)
Sol. V

I
v d  E & I = ncA vd
vd  I
v
E

E v
v I
v  I2

42 E
 Current Electricity

7. A potentiometer PQ is set up to compare two resistances as shown in the figure. The ammeter A in the circuit
reads 1.0 A when two way key K3 is open. The balance point is at a length l1 cm from P when two way key K3
is plugged in between 2 and 1, while the balance point is at a length l2 cm from P when key K3 is plugged in
R1
between 3 and 1. The ratio of two resistances , is found to be : [JEE(Main) 2017, Online]
R2
A E2 Rh2 K2

R1 R
2 3 2

1 K3
G

P Q

E1 Rh1 K1
l2 l1 l1 l1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
l2  l1 l2  l1 l1  l2 l1  l2
Ans. (2)
Sol. When key is plugged in between 2 and 1.
x = Potential gradient
V1 = iR1 = x1
When key is plugged in between 3 and 1.
V2 = i(R1 + R2) = n2
R1
 1
 R1 2  R1 1  R2 1
R1  R 2 2

R1
 1
R2 2  1

8. In a meter bridge experiment resistances are connected as shown in the figure. Initially resistance P = 4 and
the neutral point N is at 60 cm from A. Now an unknown resistance R is connected in series to P and the new
position of the neutral point is at 80 cm from A. The value of unknown resistance R is :-
[JEE(Main) 2017, Online]
P Q

A B
N

( )
E Rh K
33 20
(1)  (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 
5 3
Ans. (4)

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JEE-Physics

4 r
Sol. 
60 40
8
r 
3
4R 8

80 3  20
32
4R 
3
32 20
R 4  
3 3
r
9. A uniform wire of length l and radius r has a resistance of 100. It is recast into a wire of radius
. The
2
resistance of new wire will be: [JEE(Main) 2017, Online]
(1) 200  (2) 1600  (3) 100  (4) 400 
Ans. (2)
Sol. vi = vf
Ai i  Af f

R
A
r 2
2
r  f  f 4 i
4
Rf A
 f  i i f
Ri Af i i f
2 2
 f Ai i  f 
    
 i  Af f  i 
R f  (100)  16  1600 

10. The galvanometer deflection, when key K1 is closed but K2 is open, equals 0 (see figure). On closing K2 also

and adjusting R2 to 5, the deflection in galvanometer becomes 0 . The resistance of the galvanometer is,
5
then, given by [Neglect the internal resistance of battery]: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
K2 R 2

R1=220

K1
(1) 12 (2) 25 (3) 5 (4) 22
Ans. (4)
E
Sol. case I : ig   C0 ..(i)
220  R g
Case II
 
 
E 5 C0
ig     ..(ii)
 5R g  R  5 5
 220   g

 5  Rg 

44 E
 Current Electricity

5E C0
  ..(ii)
225R g  1100 5
E
 C ...(i)
220  R g
225R g  1100
 5
1100  5R g
 5500 + 25Rg = 225Rg + 1100
200Rg = 4400
Rg = 22
Ans. – 4

dR
11. In a meter bridge, the wire of length 1 m has a non-uniform cross-section such that, the variation of its
d
dR 1
resistance R with length  is  . Two equal resistances are connected as shown in the figure. The
d
galvanometer has zero deflection when the jockey is at point P. What is the length AP?
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]

R' R'

G
P
A B
l 1 l
(1) 0.25 m (2) 0.3m (3) 0.35 m (4) 0.2 m
Ans. (1)
d
Sol. For the given wire : dR = C , where C = constant.

Let resistance of part AP is R1 and PB is R2

R ' R1
  or R1 = R2 By balanced WSB concept.
R ' R2
d
Now  dR  c  

  R1 = C  1/ 2
d = C.2.
0
1
R2 = C  1/ 2
d = C.(2 – 2 )

Putting R1 = R2
C2 = C (2 – 2 )
2 =1
1

2
1
i.e.  = m  0.25 m
4

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
12. An ideal battery of 4 V and resistance R are connected in series in the primary circuit of a potentiometer of
length 1 m and resistance 5. The value of R, to give a potential difference of 5 mV across 10 cm of
potentiometer wire, is : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 490  (2) 480  (3) 395  (4) 495 
Ans. (3)
4v R

Sol.
i i
5 i
1m
Let current flowing in the wire is i.
 4 
 i A
R5
If resistance of 10 m length of wire is x
0.1
then x = 0.5  = 5  
1
 V = P. d. on wire = i. x
 4 
5 × 10–3 =  ·(0.5)
R5
4
 = 10–2 or R + 5 = 400 
R5
 R = 395 
13. The resistance of the meter bridge AB is given figure is 4. With a cell of emf  = 0.5 V and rheostat resistance
Rh = 2  the null point is obtained at some point J. When the cell is replaced by another one of emf  = 2 the
same null point J is found for Rh = 6 . The emf 2 is: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]


A B
J

6V Rh
(1) 0.6 V (2) 0.5 V (3) 0.3 V (4) 0.4 V
Ans. (3)
Sol. Potential gradient with Rh = 2
 6  4 dV
is    ; L  100 cm
 2  4  L dL
Let null point be at  cm
 6  4
thus 1 = 0.5V =    ...(1)
 2 4  L
Now with Rh = 6 new potential gradient is
 6  4
 4  6   L and at null point
 
 6  4 
 4  6   L     2 ...(2)
 
dividing equation (1) by (2) we get
0.5 0
 thus 2 = 0.3
2 6

46 E
 Current Electricity

14. Two equal resistance when connected in series to a battery, consume electric power of 60 W. If these
resistances are now connected in parallel combination to the same battery, the electric power consumed will
be: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 60 W (2) 240 W (3) 30 W (4) 120 W

Ans. (2)
Sol. In series condition, equivalent resistance is 2R
2
thus power consumed is 60W =
2R
In parallel condition, equivalent resistance is R/2 thus new power is
2
P 
(R / 2)
or P   4P  240W

15. In a Wheatstone bridge (see fig.), Resistances P and Q are approximately equal. When R = 400 , the bridge
is equal. When R = 400 , the bridge is balanced. On inter-changing P and Q, the value of R, for balance, is
405 . The value of X is close to : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
B
P Q
G
A C
K2
R X
D
K1

(1) 403.5 ohm (2) 404.5 ohm (3) 401.5 ohm (4) 402.5 ohm
Ans. (4)
P Q
Sol. 
R X
P R P 400
  
Q X Q X
When P & Q interchange
Q 405

P X
2
X = 400 × 405
X= 400  405  402.5

16. In the circuit, the potential difference between A and B is :-

1 1V
M
5 1 2V 10
A D C B
1 3V
N
(1) 6 V (2) 1 V (3) 3 V (4) 2 V
Ans. (4)

E 47
JEE-Physics

Sol. Potential difference across AB will be equal to battery equivalent across CD
E1 E 2 E 3 1 2 3
   
r1 r2 r3
VAB  VCD  1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
   
r1 r2 r3 1 1 1
6
  2V
3

17. In the experimental set up of metre bridge shown in the figure, the null point is obtained at a distance of 40 cm
from A. If a 10 resistor is connected in series with R1, the null point shifts by 10 cm. The resistance that
should be connected in parallel with (R1 + 10) such that the null point shifts back to its initial position is
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
R1 R2

A B

(1) 40  (2) 60  (3) 20  (4) 30

Ans. (2)
R1 2
Sol.  ……(i)
R2 3
R1  10
= 1  R1 + 10 = R2 ……(ii)
R2
2R 2
 10 = R2
3
R
10 = 2  R2 = 30
3
& R1 = 20
30  R
30  R  2
30 3
R = 60 

18. In the given circuit the cells have zero internal resistance. The currents (in Amperes) passing through resistance
R1, and R2 respectively, are: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]

R1 20 R2 20
– + + –
10 V 10 V
(1) 2, 2 (2) 0,1 (3) 1,2 (4) 0.5,0
Ans. (4)
10
Sol. i1 =  0.5A
20
i2 = 0

48 E
 Current Electricity

19. The actual value of resistance R, shown in the figure is 30. This is measured in an experiment as shown using
V
the standard formula R = , where V and I are the readings of the voltmeter and ammeter, respectively. If the
I
measured value of R is 5% less, then the internal resistance of the voltmeter is : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
V
A
R

(1) 350 (2) 570 (3) 35  (4) 600 

Ans. (2)
R R
Sol. 0.95 R =
R  R
0.95 × 30 = 0.05 R
R = 19 × 30 = 570 

20. A current of 2 mA was passed through an unknown resistor which dissipated a power of 4.4 W. Dissipated
power when an ideal power supply of 11V is connected across it is : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 11 × 10–5 W (2) 11 × 10–4 W (3) 11 × 105 W (4) 11 × 10–3 W
Ans. (1)
Sol. P = I2R
4.4 = 4 × 10–6 R
R = 1.1 × 106 
112 112
P'    106  11  105 W
R 1.1

21. The Wheatstone bridge shown in Fig. here, gets balanced when the carbon
resistor used as R1 has the colour code ( Orange, Red, Brown). The resistors R1 R2
R2 and R4 are 80and 40respectively. G
Assuming that the colour code for the carbon resistors gives their accurate
values, the colour code for the carbon resistor, used as R 3, would be : R3 R4
(1) Red, Green, Brown [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(2) Brown, Blue, Brown + –
(3) Grey, Black, Brown
(4) Brown, Blue, Black
Ans. (2)
R1 = 32 × 10 = 320
for wheat stone bridge
R1 R 2
 
R3 R4

320 80

R3 40
R3 = 160

Brown Blue Brown

E 49
JEE-Physics

22. When the switch S, in the circuit shown, is closed, then the value of current i will be :
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
20V i1 C i2 10V
A  i  B

2
S
V=0
(1) 3 A (2) 5 A (3) 4 A (4) 2 A
Ans. (2)
Sol. 20V i1 xv i2 10V
A  C  B

2
i
0
Let voltage at C = xv
KCL : i1 + i2 = i
20  x 10  x x  0
 
2 4 2
 x = 10
and i = 5 amp.

23. A copper wire is stretched to make it 0.5% longer. The percentage change in its electrical resistance if its
volume remains unchanged is: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 2.5% (2) 0.5% (3) 1.0% (4) 2.0%
Ans. (3)

Sol. R  and volume (V) = A.
A
 2
R
V
R 2 
   1%
R

24. Drift speed of electrons, when 1.5 A of current flows in a copper wire of cross section 5 mm2, is v. If the electron
density in copper is 9 ×1028 /m3 the value of v in mm/s is close to
(Take charge of electron to be =1.6 × 10–19C) [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 0.2 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 0.02
Ans. (4)
Sol. I = neAvd
I 1.5
 vd  
neA 9  1028  1.6  1019  5  106
= 0.02 m/s

25. The resistance of a galvanometer is 50 ohm and the maximum current which can be passed through it is 0.002
A. What resistance must be connected to it in order to convert it into an ammeter of range 0 – 0.5 A ?
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 0.2 ohm (2) 0.002 ohm (3) 0.02 ohm (4) 0.5 ohm
Ans. (1)

50 E
 Current Electricity

IS
Sol. Ig 
GS
2 1 S  S
   
1000 2  50  S  100
S = 0.2 
26. A moving coil galvanometer has resistance 50  and it indicates full deflection at 4mA current. A voltmeter is
made using this galvanometer and a 5 kresistance. The maximum voltage, that can be measured using this
voltmeter, will be close to : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 10 V (2) 20 V (3) 40 V (4) 15 V
Ans. (2)
Sol. G = 50
ig = 4 mA
5K
G
50
R'  K  5K
1000
R' = 5.05 K
 v' = igR' = 4mA × 5.05 20V

27. In a conductor, if the number of conduction electrons per unit volume is 8.5 × 1028 m–3 and mean free time is
25ƒs (femto second), it's approximate resistivity is :
(me = 9.1 × 10–31 kg) [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]

(1) 10–5 m (2) 10–6 m (3) 10–7 m (4) 10–8 m

Ans. (4)
m 9.1  1031
Sol.  
ne2  (8.5  10 28 )(1.6  1019 )2 (25  10 15 )
9.1
  106  1.6  108
8.5  (1.6)2 (25)

28. A current of 5 A passes through a copper conductor (resistivity = 1.7 × 10 –8 m) of radius of cross-section
5 mm. Find the mobility of the charges if their drift velocity is 1.1 × 10 –3 m/s. [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 1.3 m2/Vs (2) 1.5 m2/Vs (3) 1.8 m2/Vs (4) 1.0 m2/Vs
Ans. (4)
Vd A 1.1  103  3.14  (5  103 )2
Sol.   = 1.0 m2/vs
I 5  1.7  108

29. In a meter bridge experiment, the circuit diagram and the corresponding observation table are shown in figure
R X
SI. No. R() l(cm) Resistance
1. 1000 60 box
Unknown
2. 100 13
G resistance
3. 10 1.5
4. 1 1.0 l

E K
Which of the readings is inconsistent? [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) 4 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
Ans. (1)
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JEE-Physics

R X
Sol. 
100 
R(100  )
X

30. A galvanometer of resistance 100 has 50 divisions on its scale and has sensitivity of 20 A/division. It is to be
converted to a voltmeter with three ranges, of 0–2 V, 0–10 V and 0–20 V. The appropriate circuit to do so is :
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
R1 R2 R3
G R1 = 1900  G R1 = 2000 
R1 R2 R3
(1) R2 = 9900  (2) R2 = 8000 
R3 = 19900  R3 = 10000 
2V 10V 20V 2V 10V 20V
R1 R2 R3
G R1 = 19900  G R1 = 1900 
R1 R2 R3
(3) R2 = 9900  (4) R2 = 8000 
R3 = 1900  R3 = 10000 
20V 10V 2V 2V 10V 20V
Ans. (4)
Sol. ig = 20 × 50 A = 1 mA
ig = (G + R1) = 2
R1 = 1900
ig = (100 + R1 + R2) = 10
R2 = 8000
ig(100 + R1 + R2 + R3) = 20
R3 = 10000

31. To verify Ohm's law, a student connects the voltmeter across the battery as, shown in the figure. The measured
voltage is plotted as a function of the current, and the following graph is obtained:
V
V
1.5V
internal
Resistance Ammeter

V0
R I 1000 mA
If V0 is almost zero, identify the correct statement: [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
(1) The value of the resistance R is 1.5 
(2) The emf of the battery is 1.5 V and the value of R is 1.5 
(3) The emf of the battery is 1.5 V and its internal resistance is 1.5 
(4) The potential difference across the battery is 1.5 V when it sends a current of 1000 mA.
Ans. (3)
Sol. When v = 0; E = ir
When i = 0
E = 1.5 V (emf of battery)
 1.5 = (1000 mA) r
r = 1.5 
52 E
 Current Electricity

32. A moving coil galvanometer, having a resistance G, produces full scale deflection when a current I g flows
through it. This galvanometer can be converted into (i) an ammeter of range 0 to I0 (I0 > Ig) by connecting a
shunt resistance RA to it and (ii) into a voltmeter of range 0 to V(V = GI 0) by connecting a series resistance RV
to it. Then, [JEE(Main) 2019, Online]
2 2
 Ig  R  I0  Ig  R A  Ig 
(1) R A R V  G2   and A    (2) RARV = G2 and  
I I R V  Ig R V  I0  Ig
 0 g   
2
R2
Ig 2
 I0  Ig  R  Ig 
(3) RARV = G and A  (4) R A R V  G   and A   
R V (I 0  I g )  I R V  I0  Ig
 g  
Ans. (2)
Ig G
Sol. RA  ....(1)
I0  Ig
V GI
RV   Rg  0  G ....(2)
Ig Ig
Eq. (1) and Eq. (2)
RARV = G2 &
2
R A  Ig 
Eq. (1) ÷ Eq. (2)  
R V  I0  Ig 

33. In the figure shown, the current in the 10 V battery is close to : [JEE(Main) 2020, ONLINE]
5

10 10V

20V 2 4
(1) 0.36 A from negative to positive terminal. (2) 0.71 A from positive to negative terminal.
(3) 0.21 A from positive to negative terminal. (4) 0.42 A from positive to negative terminal.
Ans. (3)
20  10 200
Sol. E eq  
17 17
20V 10V
7  10 70 10
and R eq  
17 17  
I
200
17
10V

70 
17
20
 10
 I  17 = 0.21 A
70
4
17
from +ve to –ve terminal

34. A battery of 3.0 V is connected to a resistor dissipating 0.5 W of power. If the terminal voltage of the battery is
2.5 V, the power dissipated within the internal resistance is : [JEE(Main) 2020, ONLINE]
(1) 0.50 W (2) 0.125 W (3) 0.072 W (4) 0.10 W
Ans. (4)
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JEE-Physics

R

Sol.

i 3V r
PR = 0.5W
 i2R = 0.5W
Also, V = E – ir
2.5 = 3 – ir
 ir = 0.5
Power dissipated across 'r' : Pr = i2r
Now iR = 2.5
ir = 0.5
R
On dividing : 5
r
P i2R P R P
Now R  2  R   R  5
Pr i r Pr r Pr
PR 0.50
 Pr =  Pr =  Pr = 0.10 W
5 5
option (4) is correct.
35. A potentiometer wire PQ of 1 m length is connected to a standard E1
cell E1. Another cell E2 of emf 1.02 V is connected with a resistance
'r' and switch S (as shown in figure). With switch S open, the null
position is obtained at a distance of 49 cm from Q. The potential P J Q
gradient in the potentiometer wire is : r
[JEE(Main) 2020, ONLINE] G
(1) 0.02 V/cm (2) 0.04 V/cm
(3) 0.01 V/cm (4) 0.03 V/cm E2
Ans. (1) S
Sol. Balancing length is measured from P.
So 100 – 49 = 51 cm
E2 = × 51
Where = Potential gradient
1.02 = × 51
 = 0.02 V/cm
36. Model a torch battery of length l to be made up of a thin cylindrical bar of radius 'a' and a concentric thin
cylindrical shell of radius 'b' filled in between with an electrolyte of resistivity  (see figure). If the battery is
connected to a resistance of value R, the maximum Joule heating in R will take place for:-
[JEE(Main) 2020, ONLINE]

l 

a
b

2  b   b  b   b
(1) R  ln (2) R  ln (3) R  (4) R  ln  
l  a  l  a  2l  a  2l  a 
Ans. (4)
54 E
 Current Electricity

Sol. Maximum power in external resistance is generated when it is equal to internal resistance of battery.
R
2
  
PR    R
rR

r l
r dr
PR is max. when r = R

b a
dr  b
 dr  a 2rl  r  2l l n a b

37. The four arms of a Wheatstone bridge have resistances as shown in the figure. A galvanometer of 15 
resistance is connected across BD. Calculate the current through the galvanometer when a potential difference
of 10V is maintained across AC. [JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
B
0
10

10


A C
G
60

5


10V
(1) 2.44 A (2) 2.44 mA (3) 4.87 mA (4) 4.87 A
Ans. (3)
x
B
0
10

10


A C
Sol. G
10 0
60

5


D
y

10V
x – 10 x – y x – 0
  0
100 15 10
53x – 20y = 30 .....(1)
y – 10 y – x y – 0
  0
60 15 5
17 y – 4x = 10 ......(2)
on solving (1) & (2)
x = 0.865
y = 0.792
V = 0.073 R = 15
 i = 4.87 mA

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 JEE-Physics

38. In the given figure, a battery of emf E is connected across a conductor PQ of length ‘l’ and different area of
cross-sections having radii r1 and r2 (r2 < r1).
P r1 r Q

–
+
+ –
()
E K
Choose the correct option as one moves from P to Q : [JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
(1) Drift velocity of electron increases. (2) Electric field decreases.
(3) Electron current decreases. (4) All of these
Ans. (1)
r
Sol. P Q

dx
Current is constant in conductor
i = constant
dx
Resistance of element dR =
r 2
idx
dV = idR =
r 2
dV i
E= 
dx r 2
eE
& Vd =
m
 Vd E
1
  E
r2
if r decreases , E will increase  Vd will increase

39. The given potentiometer has its wire of resistance 10. When the sliding contact is in the middle of the
potentiometer wire, the potential drop across 2 resistor is : [JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
20V

A B
2

40 40
(1) 10 V (2) 5 V (3) V (4) V
9 11
Ans. (3)
20V 20V 0V

Sol. 20V 5 V0
0V
2 5
20V V0
20  V0 0  V0 20  V0
  0
5 5 2

56 E
 Current Electricity

2V0 V0
4  10  
5 2
4V0  5V0
14 
10
140
V0  Volt
9
Potential difference across 2 resistor is 20 – V0
 140 
That is  20  Volt
 9 
 40 
Hence answer is   Volt
 9 

40. In the given figure, there is a circuit of potentiometer of length AB = 10 m. The resistance per unit length is 0.1
 per cm. Across AB, a battery of emf E and internal resistance ‘r’ is connected. The maximum value of emf
measured by this potentiometer is : [JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
E r
+ –
G

A B
550 cm J
450cm

+ –
6V 20 K
(1) 5 V (2) 2.25 V (3) 6 V (4) 2.75 V
Ans. (1)
Sol. Max. voltage that can be measured by this potentiometer will be equal to potential drop across AB
RAB = 10 × 0.1 × 100  100 ohm.
6 100
 VAB   100  6   5V
20  100 120

41. A. The drift velocity of electrons decreases with the increase in the temperature of conductor.
B. The drift velocity is inversely proportional to the area of cross-section of given conductor.
C. The drift velocity does not depend on the applied potential difference to the conductor.
D. The drift velocity of electron is inversely proportional to the length of the conductor.
E. The drift velocity increases with the increase in the temperature of conductor.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
[JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
(1) A and B only (2) A and D only (3) B and E only (4) B and C only
Ans. (2)
 e 
Sol. Drift velocity =   E
m
 e  V 
v d    
 m  
V = Potential difference applied across the wire
As temperature increases, relaxation time decreases, hence V d decreases.
1
As per formula, Vd 

I
vd  , as it is not mentioned that current is at steady state neither it is mentioned that n is constant for
neA
given conductor. So it can’t be said that vd is inversely proportional to A.
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
V V
I = neAvd =  A
R 
V  V
vd  E  
 ne  
eE
vd 
m
 decrease with temperature increase.
First and fourth statements are correct.

42. The charge flowing in a conductor changes with time as Q  t   t  t 2  t 3 . Where ,  and  are
constants. Minimum value of current is : [JEE(Main) 2023, Online]
32 2  2
2
(1)   (2)   (3)   (4)  
 3 3 3
Ans. (4)
Sol. 
Q  t  t 2  t 3 
dQ
i
dt

   2 t  3t 2 
di
  3t  2   0
dt

t
3
 2 
 
i    2t  3t 2     
3 


43. As shown in the figure, a network of resistors is connected to a battery of 24 V with an internal resistance of
3. The currents through the resistors R4 and R5 are I4 and I5 respectively. The values of I4 and I5 are :
[JEE(Main) 2023, Online]

8 2 24 6
(1) I 4  A and I 5  A (2) I 4  A and I 5  A
5 5 5 5
6 24 2 8
(3) I 4  A and I 5  A (4) I 4  A and I 5  A
5 5 5 5
Ans. (4)
Sol. Equivalent resistance of circuit
Req = 3 + 1 + 2 + 4 + 2
= 12
24
Current through battery i   2A
12
R5 5 2
I4  2  2 A
R 4  R5 20  5 5
2 8
I5  2   A
5 5

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 Current Electricity

44. Figure shows a part of an electric circuit. The potentials at points a, b and c are 30 V, 12 V and 2V respectively.
The current through the 20 resistor will be. [JEE (Main) 2023 - Online]
b
a 20
10

30 c
(1) 0.4 A (2) 0.2 A (3) 0.6 A (4) 1.0 A
Ans. (1)
Sol. Sum of current at junction point will be zero :
12 V
b
a 20
x
30 V 10

30 c
2V
x  30 x  12 x  2
  0
10 20 30
 1 1 1  30 12 2
 x     
 10 20 30  10 20 30

 6  3  2  180  36  4
 x 
 60  60

220
x  20V
11
x  12
Current through 20 
20
20  12 2
   0.4A
20 5

SECTION-2 : NUMERICAL ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS

45. For the circuit shown, the value of current at time t = 3.2 s will be ______ A.

10 R=1
V(t)
5 V(t)
± I 5V
0 1 2 3 4
t(s)
Figure 1 Figure-2
[Voltage distribution V(t) is shown by Fig. (1) and the circuit is shown in Fig. (2)]
[JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
Ans. (1)

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
Sol. From graph voltage at t = 3.2 sec is 6 volt.

R=1
6V
5V
i

6–5
i
1
i=1A

46. In the given circuit of potentiometer, the potential difference E across AB (10m length) is larger than E1 and E2
as well. For key K1 (closed), the jockey is adjusted to touch the wire at point J 1 so that there is no deflection in
the galvanometer. Now the first battery (E1) is replaced by second battery (E2) for working by making K1 open
E1 a
and K2 closed. The galvanometer gives then null deflection at J2. The value of is , where a = _______.
E2 b
[JEE(Main) 2021, ONLINE]
K1
E1
G
E2 K2
E
A
K
20cm J1

Rh J2 60cm

B 1m
Ans. (1)
Sol. Length of AB = 10 m
For battery E1, balancing length is l1
l1 = 380 cm [from end A]
For battery E2, balancing length is l2
l2 = 760 cm [from end A]
E1 l1
Now, we know that 
E 2 l2
E1 380 1 a
   
E 2 760 2 b
 a = 1 & b = 2.
a=1

47. A 1 m long copper wire carries a current of 1 A. If the cross section of the wire is 2.0 mm 2 and the resistivity of
copper is 1.7 × 10–8 m. the force experienced by moving electron in the wire is ______ × 10 –23 N. (charge
on electron = 1.6 × 10–19 C) [JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
Ans. (136)
Sol. l = 1m
i = 1A
Area = 2 × 10–6
 = 1.7 × 10–8

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 Current Electricity

 1.7  10 8  1 1.7
R    10 2
A 2  10 5 2
1.7
v  10 2
2
1.7
F = 1.6 × 10–19 × × 10–2
2
= 1.36 × 10–21
= 136 × 10–23

48. A potentiometer wire of length 10 m and resistance 20 is connected in series with a 25 V battery and an
external resistance 30 . A cell of emf E in secondary circuit is balanced by 250 cm long potentiometer wire.
x
The value of E (in volt) is . The value of x is _______. [JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
10
Ans. (25)
25 30
Sol.
I
2.5m 20 7.5m

E
25 1
I  A
50 2
  V = 10 V
10 m  10V
2.5m  2.5V

49. A cell, shunted by a 8 resistance, is balanced across a potentiometer wire of length 3m. The balancing length
is 2 m when the cell is shunted by 4 resistance. The value of internal resistance of the cell will be _____ .
[JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
Ans. (8)
V1 3 E  i1r
Sol.  
V2 2 E  i 2 r
E
E r
 8r
E
E r
4r
3 8 4  r

2 4 8  r 
24+ 3r = 16 + 4r
r  8

50. The current density in a cylindrical wire of radius r = 4.0 mm is 1.0 × 10 6 A/m2. The current through the outer
portion of the wire between radial distances r/2 and r is x A; where x is _______ .
[JEE(Main) 2022 - Online]
Ans. (12)

Sol.

I   JdA

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
r
x2 
  10  2xdx  10  2.x 
6 6

2 r
2

 r2 
   106  r 2 –   12
 4
x = 12

51. Two cells are connected between points A and B as shown. Cell 1 has emf of 12 V and internal resistance of
3. Cell 2 has emf of 6V and internal resistance of 6. An external resistor R of 4 is connected across A and
B. The current flowing through R will be ______ A. [JEE(Main) 2023, Online]
12 V Cell 1
3

A B

6V  Cell 2
Ans. (1)
12 V Cell 1
Sol.
A 3 B

6V  Cell 2


12 6

Eeq = 3 6
1 1

3 6
Eeq = 6V
Req = 2 
R=4
6V 
A B
i


6
So, i = =1A
24

52. When two resistance R1 and R2 connected in series and introduced into the left gap of a meter bridge and a
resistance of 10  is introduced into the right gap, a null point is found at 60 cm from left side. When R 1 and
R2 are connected in parallel and introduced into the left gap, a resistance of 3  is introduced into the right-
gap to get null point at 40 cm from left end. The product of R1 R2 is _____2 [JEE(Main) 2023, Online]
Ans. (30)
R1  R 2 60 3
Sol.    R1  R 2  15
10 40 2
R1R 2 40 2
Now    R1R 2  30
(R1  R 2 )  3 60 3

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
53. As shown in the figure, the voltmeter reads 2V across 5  resistor. The resistance of the voltmeter is_______.
[JEE (Main) 2023, Online]
3V

5 V

2

Ans. (20)

2V 2
Sol. i1   A
5 5

3v

5
i1 v R
i
(i – i1)

1V 1
i  A
2 2

 Current through voltmeter = i – ii

1 2 54 1
    A
2 5 10 10

 1 
 For voltmeter  2    R  R  20
 10 

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

1. Figure shows three resistor configurations R1, R2 and R3 connected to 3V battery. If the power dissipated by
the configuration R1, R2 and R3 is P1, P2 and P3, respectively, then :- [IIT-JEE 2008]

1 1
1 3V
1 3V 1
1
1 3V 1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
R1 R2 R3
(A) P1 > P2 > P3 (B) P1 > P3 > P2 (C) P2 > P1 > P3 (D) P3 > P2 > P1
Ans. (C)
Sol. The given three circuits R1, R2 and R3
are equivalent to the following three circuits.

  

32 32 32
P1 = =9W, P2 = = 18 W, P3 = = 4.5 W , P2 > P1 > P3
1 1/ 2 2

2. A parallel plate capacitor C with plates of unit area and separation d is filled with a liquid of dielectric constant
d
K = 2. The level of liquid is initially. Suppose the liquid level decreases at a constant speed V, the time
3
constant as a function of time t is [IIT-JEE 2008]

d R
d
3

6 0 R (15d  9V t) 0 R 6 0 R (15d – 9V t) 0 R
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5d  3V t 2d 2 – 3d V t – 9V 2 t 2 5d – 3V t 2d 2  3d V t – 9V 2 t 2
Ans. (A)
64 E
 Current Electricity

Sol. Time constant =  = RC
 A0  KA0 
C1C 2  d  x  x 
C   
C
C1  C 2 A0 A0

dx x
KA0 d d R
C  x   Vt d
x  K (d  x) 3 3
RK A 0
=
d  d 
 Vt  K  d   Vt 
3  3 
A = 1; K=2
3  2R 0 6R 0
= 
d  3Vt  6d  2d  6Vt 5d  3Vt

3. STATEMENT–1 : In a Meter Bridge experiment, null point for an unknown resistance is measured. Now, the
unknown resistance is put inside an enclosure maintained at a higher temperature. The null point can be
obtained at the same point as before by decreasing the value of the standard resistance.
and [IIT-JEE 2008]
STATEMENT-2 : Resistance of a metal increases with increase in temperature.
(A) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is True ; Statement–2 is a correct explanation for Statement–1
(B) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is True ; Statement–2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement–1
(C) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is False.
(D) Statement–1 is False, Statement–2 is True.
Ans. (D)
Sol. R 2 = 1X, As temperature increases, value of unknown resistance increases.

4. For the circuit shown in the figure [IIT-JEE 2009]

I 2k R1

24V 6k R2 RL 1.5k

(A) the current I through the battery is 7.5 mA

(B) the potential difference across RL is 18 V
(C) ratio of powers dissipated in R1 and R2 is 3
(D) If R1 and R2 are interchanged magnitude of the power dissipated in RL will decrease by a factor of 9
Ans. (AD)
 6  1.5  6 16
Sol. Req =   2   2  k
 7.5  5 5
V 24 3
=   5 mA    7.5 mA
R eq 16 2
for potential difference across
R1  V1 = 7.5 × 2 = 15 V
for potential difference across
R2 V2 = 24 – 15 = 9 V
V12 V22 (15)2 9 2 25
for power : PR1 : PR 2  :  : 
R1 R 2 2 6 3

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
V22 92
PRL   = 54 mW
R L 1.5
If R1 and R2 are interchanged
 (2)(1.5)  3
R´ = R1 || R2 =   
 2  1.5  3.5
R´
V´L =  24V  3V
R 2  R´
V ´2 32
Now power dissipated in RL is P´L = L
  6 mW
RL 1.5

5. Incandescent bulbs are designed by keeping in mind that the resistance of their filament increases with the
increase in temperature. If at room temperature, 100 W, 60 W and 40 W bulbs have filament resistance R 100,
R60 and R40, respectively, the relation between these resistances is [IIT-JEE 2010]
1 1 1 1 1 1
(A)   (B) R100 = R40 + R60 (C) R100 > R60 > R40 (D)  
R100 R 40 R 60 R100 R 60 R 40
Ans. (D)
V2 1 100
Sol. 100 =   2
R '100 R '100 V
where R’100 is resistance at any temperature corresponds to 100 W
V2 1 60
60 =  
R '60 R '60 V 2
V2 1 40
40 =  
R '40 R '40 V 2
From above equations we can say
1 1 1
  .
R '100 R '60 R '40
So, most appropriate answer is option (D).
6. To verify Ohm’s law, a student is provided with a test resistor RT, a high resistance R1, a small resistance R2,
two identical galvanometers G1 and G2, and a variable voltage source V. The correct circuit to carry out the
experiment is :– [IIT-JEE 2010]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Ans. (C)

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 Current Electricity

Sol. To verify Ohm's law one galvanometer is used as ammeter and other galvanometer is used as voltameter.
Voltameter should have high resistance and ammeter should have low resistance as voltameter is used in
parallel and ammeter in series that is in option (C).

7. Consider a thin square sheet of side L and thickness t, made of a material of resistivity . The resistance
between two opposite faces, shown by the shaded areas in the figure is [IIT-JEE 2010]

(A) directly proportional to L (B) directly proportional to t

(C) independent of L (D) independent of t
Ans. (C)
l L 
Sol. R   R  
A tL t
Independent of L.

8. When two identical batteries of internal resistance 1 each are connected in series across a resistor R, the rate
of heat produced in R is J1. When the same batteries are connected in parallel across R, the rate is J2. If
J1 = 2.25 J2 then the value of R in  is [IIT-JEE 2010]
Ans. (4)

Sol.

2
i=
2R
2
 2 
J1 =   R
2R
 

eq = 1 1 = 
1 1

1 1
2
1  2  2 
req =  i    J2    R
2 1 2R  1  1  2R 
R
2
2 2
9  2  9  2 
Given J1 = J2    R  R
4 2R 4  1  2R 
2 3
 
2  R 1  2R
 2 + 4R = 6 + 3R
 R = 4.

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
9. At time t = 0, a battery of 10 V is connected across points A and B in the given circuit. If the capacitors have
no charge initially, at what time (in seconds) does the voltage across them become 4 V?
[Take : n 5 = 1.6, n 3 = 1.1] [IIT-JEE 2010]

Ans. 2 sec
Sol. Equation of charging of capacitor,
V = V0 1  e  t /Req Ceq

Ceq = 2 + 2 = 4 F
Req = 1 M
 
6
t
6

4 = 10  1  e 10 410 
 
 
e–t/4 = 0.6
5
 et/4 = 
3
t
  = n 5 – n 3
4
 t = 0.5 × 4
t = 2 sec. Ans.

10. Heater of an electric kettle is made of a wire of length L and diameter d. It takes 4 minutes to raise the
temperature of 0.5 kg water by 40 K. This heater is replaced by a new heater having two wires of the same
material, each of length L and diameter 2d. The way these wires are connected is given in the options. How
much time in minutes will it take to raise the temperature of the same amount of water by 40 K ?
(A) 4 if wires are in parallel (B) 2 if wires are in series [JEE(Adv.) 2014]
(C) 1 if wires are in series (D) 0.5 if wires are in parallel
Ans. (B, D)
L   T2  T1 
Sol. R  R   t  4 min
K.d 2
t  R 
L R
R'  Parallel R er   t  0.5 min
k .4d 2

R'
R < series R er 
R
8
R
  t  2 min
4 2 2

11. Two ideal batteries of emf V1 and V2 and three resistance R1, R2 and R3 are
connected as shown in the figure. the current in resistance R2 would be zero
if– [JEE(Adv.) 2014] V1 R1
(A) V1 = V2 and R1 = R2 = R3

(B) V1 = V2 and R1 = 2R2 = R3 R2

(C) V1 = 2V2 and 2R1 = 2R2 = R3

(D) 2V1 = V2 and 2R1 = R2 = R3
V2
Ans. (A,B,D)
R3

68 E
 Current Electricity

Sol. Current in R2 = 0
V1  V2 V1 R1
I R2
R1  R 3
2V
(A) : V1 = V2 = V  I 
R1  R 3 R3 V2

VAB = 0
V1 V2 I

R1 R 3
 R1 = R3  Option (A) is correct V1 R1

(B) : Also correct same as (A) does not depend on R2. A B

2V1 = V2  2R1 = R3
V2
Therefore option (C) is wrong and option (D) is correct. R3

12. A galvanometer gives full scale deflection with 0.006 A current. By connecting it to a 4990  resistance, it can
2n
be converted into a voltmeter of range 0 – 30 V. If connected to a  resistance, it becomes an ammeter
249
of range 0 – 1.5 A. The value of n is– [JEE(Adv.) 2014]
Ans. (5)
Sol. For voltmeter

R = 4990 G
~

V
I–Ig

G
Ig
Ig = 0.006 A
V = [G + R]Ig
V
 GR
Ig
V 30000
G R   4990  10
Ig 0.006
For ammeter
GIg = R(I – Ig)
GIg 10  0.006
R 
I  Ig 1.5 – 0.006
10  0.0060 6  100
R 
1.4886 14886
10 52
  ; x=5
249 249

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JEE-Physics

*13. In an aluminum (Al) bar of square cross section, a square hole is drilled and is filled with iron (Fe) as shown in
the figure. The electrical resistivities of Al and Fe are 2.7×10 –8m and 1.0 × 10–7 m, respectively. The
electrical resistance between the two faces P and Q of the composite bar is [JEE(Adv.) 2015]

Al

50 mm
Fe

2mm P

7mm
2475 1875 1875 2475
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) 
64 64 49 132
Ans. (B)
R Al R Fe
Sol. R0 =
R Al  R Fe
 Al l Al 2.7  10 8  50  103
R Al  
A al 45  106
= 3 × 10–5 = 30 × 10–6 
Fe fe 1.0  107  50  103
R Fe  
A Fe 4  106
50  10 10
  12.5  10 4
4  10 6
= 12.5 × 10–4
= 1250 × 10–6
(30  106 )(1250  106 )
R0 
[30  106  1250  106 ]
37500  10 12
  29.29  10 6 = 29.29 
1280  10 6

14. In the following circuit, the current through the resistor R = 2 is I Amperes. the value of I is

[JEE(Adv.) 2015]

Ans. (1)
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
6  18 2
Sol. R eq  2
24
6 2
9
  2  6.5 6.5v
2
12 4
6.5
I 1
6.5

15. In the circuit shown below, the key is pressed at time t = 0. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true ?
40  F
25 k
–
V
+

A 50 k 20  F

+ –
Key 5v
(A) The voltmeter displays –5 V as soon as the key is pressed, and displays +5 V after a long time.
(B) The voltmeter will display 0 V at time t = ln 2 seconds
(C) The current in the ammeter becomes 1/e of the initial value after 1 second
(D) The current in the ammeter becomes zero after a long time [JEE(Adv.) 2016]
Ans. (ABCD)
5
Sol. I1   e t 40  F
25000 25 k
5
I2   e t I1 –
50000 V
at t = 0 I2 +
I
1
I1  mA A 50 k 20  F
5
1
I2  mA
10 + –

t
(25k ) Key 5v
(40 F)
q1 = (40 F) (5v) ( 1  e )
q1 = (40 F) (5v) (1 – e–t)
q2 = (20F) (15v) (1 – e–t)
1 1  3
Initial Reading of ammeter I0     mA  mA
 5 10  10
value of I at t = 1
 3  1
I'    
 10   e 
I' 1

I0 e

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16. An infinite line charge of uniform electric charge density  lies along the axis of an electrically conducting
infinite cylindrical shell of radius R. At time t = 0, the space inside the cylinder is filled with a material of
permittivity  and electrical conductivity . The electrical conduction in the material follows Ohm's law. Which
one of the following graphs best describes the subsequent variation of the magnitude of current density j(t) at
any point in the material? [JEE(Adv.) 2016]

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Ans. (A)
Sol. Combination behave like discharging of capacitor.
So (A).

Paragraph for Q.no. (17 & 18)

Consider a simple RC circuit as shown in figure 1.
Process 1: In the circuit the switch S is closed at t = 0 and the capacitor is fully charged to voltage V 0 (i.e.,
charging continues for time T >>RC). In the process some dissipation (E D) occurs across the resistance R. The
amount of energy finally stored in the fully charged capacitor is E C .
v0
Process 2: In a different process the voltage is first set to and maintained for a charging time T >> RC.
3
2v 0
Then the voltage is raised to without discharging the capacitor and again maintained for a time T >>
3
RC. The process is repeated one more time by raising the voltage to V 0 and the capacitor is charged to the
same final voltage V0 as in Process 1.
These two processes are depicted in Figure 2. [JEE(Adv.) 2017]

17. In Process 1, the energy stored in the capacitor EC and heat dissipated across resistance ED are related by:
1
(A) EC = ED (B) EC = 2ED (C) E C  ED (D) EC = ED ln 2
2
Ans. (A)
Sol. In process 1:
1
E C  CV02
2
1
E D  CV02
2

18. In Process 2, total energy dissipated across the resistance ED is:

1 1  1 
(A) E D  CV02 (B) E D  3  CV02  (C) E D  CV02  (D) E D  3CV03
2 2  2 
Ans. (A)
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 Current Electricity

Sol. In process 2:
1
E C  CV02
2
CV0 V0 CV0 2V0 CV0 V0
Wby battery =  
3 3 3 3 3
CV02 2
 1  2  3  CV02
9 3
2 1 1
Heat CV02  CV02  CV02
3 2 6
11 
  CV02   (A)
3 2 

19. In the circuit shown, initially there is no charge on capacitors and keys S 1 and S2 are open. The values of the
capacitors are C1 = 10 F, C2 = 30 F and C3 = C4 = 80 F.
S1
C4 5V 30
P

S2
C1 C2 C3
30
70
10V
Q 100
Which of the statement(s) is/are correct ? [JEE(Adv.) 2019]
(A) The keys S1 is kept closed for long time such that capacitors are fully charged. Now key S 2 is closed, at this
time, the instantaneous current across 30  resistor (between points P and Q) will be 0.2 A (round off to
st
1 decimal place).
(B) If key S1 is kept closed for long time such that capacitors are fully charged, the voltage difference between
points P and Q will be 10 V.
(C) At time t = 0, the key S1 is closed, the instantaneous current in the closed circuit will be 25 mA.
(D) If key S1 is kept closed for long time such that capacitors are fully charged, the voltage across the capacitors
C1 will be 4V.
Ans. (C,D)
Sol. P 80F 5V 30
4V 4V
C4
S2
C1=10F C2=30F 80F
R C3
30
70 10V
10V
0 Q0 0
100
1
(1) at t = 0, capacitor C1 acts as a battery of 4V, C4 & C3 of V each, C2 is shorted
2

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Circuit is

4V 10V 4V

70 30 130

4V 10V 6
 i  0.079A
91
30 
91/2 30 2

(2) and (4)

At steady state,
When capacitor is fully charged it behave as open circuit and current through it zero.
Hence, Charge on each capacitor is same.
Q = Ceq V
= (8 F) × 5
Q = 40 C
Now,
40
VP   VQ
10
VP  VQ  4V
(3) At t = 0, S1 is closed, capacitor act as short circuit.
V 5
i=   25 mA
R eq 200
Ans. (C, D)
20. Shown in the figure is a semicircular metallic strip that has thickness t and resistivity . Its inner radius is R1 and
outer radius is R2. If a voltage V0 is applied between its two ends, a current I flows in it. In addition, it is
observed that a transverse voltage V develops between its inner and outer surfaces due to purely kinetic
effects of moving electrons (ignore any role of the magnetic field due to the current). Then (figure is schematic
and not drawn to scale)- [JEE(Main) 2020, ONLINE]

V0 t  R 2 
(A)   In  
  R1 
(B) the outer surface is at a higher voltage than the inner surface
(C) the outer surface is at a lower voltage than the inner surface
(D) V I2
Ans. (A,C,D)
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 Current Electricity

Sol.

dx
x

V0
All the elements are in parallel
R
1 2
t dx
  dr  R  x
1

1 t R 
 ln  2 
r   R1 

Resistance =
R 
t n 2 
 R1 
R 
V0 t ln  2 
i  R1  (A)

(e E) will be inward direction in order to provide centripetal acceleration. Therefore electric field will be
radially outward
Vouter < Vinner (C)
mVd2
 qE
r
mVd2
E (I = neAVd  Vd  i)
qr
V   E.dr
V  Vd2
V  I2
Answer is (A,C,D)
21. In the balanced condition, the values of the resistances of the four arms of a Wheatstone bridge are shown in
the figure below. The resistance R3 has temperature coefficient 0.0004 ºC–1. If the temperature of R3 is
increased by 100°C, the voltage developed between S and T will be __________ volt.
[JEE(Adv.) 2020, ONLINE]
V

R1=60 R2=100
P
50V

S R3=300 R4=500 T

Q
Ans. (0.26 To 0.27)

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JEE-Physics

Sol. R'3 = 300 (1 + T)
= 312 
Now
I1 60 I2 100

50
S T

312 500
50 50
I1  and I 2 
372 600
VS – VT = 312I1 – 500I2
= 41.94 – 41.67 = 0.27 V

Question Stem for Question Nos. 22 and 23

Question Stem
In the circuit shown below, the switch S is connected to position P for a long time so that the charge on the
capacitor becomes q1 C. Then S is switched to position Q. After a long time, the charge on the capacitor is q 2
C. [JEE(Adv.) 2021, ONLINE]

22. The magnitude of q1 is _________.

Ans. (1.33)
Sol. i i
P

Q q1
2V
1V –q1

+2 – i × 2 – i + 1 – 1 = 0
1 = 3i
1
i
3
q
2 – i 2 – 1  0
C
2 q1
2– 
3 C
4 q

3 C
4 4
q1  C   1 C
3 3
= 1.33 C

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
23. The magnitude of q2 is _________.
Ans. (0.67)
Sol. i2
P
i2
Q q2
–q2 2V
i2

+2 – i2 × 2 – i2 × 1 = 0
2 = 3i2
2
i2 
3
q2
2 – i 2  2 –0
C
2 q
2– 2  2
3 C
2 q2

3 C
2
q 2  C  0.66 0.67
3

24. In order to measure the internal resistance r1 of a cell of emf E, a meter bridge of wire resistance R0 = 50 , a
resistance R0/2, another cell of emf E/2 (internal resistance r) and a galvanometer G are used in a circuit, as
shown in the figure. If the null point is found at  =72 cm, then the value of r1 = ____ .
[JEE(Adv.) 2021, ONLINE]

Ans. (3)
E r1 25
Sol.
I E/2
r
I
G

R1, 1 R2, 2
R1 18
 1  ....(1)
R2 2 7
So R1 = 36; R2 = 14
E E
Current I =  ....(2)
r1  36  14  25 75  r1
Applying KVL in right side loop
 E
  (25  14)
2 75  r1
r1 = 3 Ans. (3)

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25. The figure shows a circuit having eight resistances of 1 each, labelled R1 to R8, and two ideal batteries with
voltage 1  12V and  2  6V . [JEE(Adv.) 2022]

Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct ?

(A) The magnitude of current flowing through R1 is 7.2 A.
(B) The magnitude of current flowing through R2 is 1.2 A.
(C) The magnitude of current flowing through R3 is 4.8 A.
(D) The magnitude of current flowing through R5 is 2.4 A.
Ans. (ABCD)
Sol. 6 4.8A 12 7.2 A
1 1

i 2.4 A

1 1
2 1 2
2 i1 (i – i1 )

6 3/2 3/2 12
O
x – 12 x + 12
–7.2 10.8
1/2

x = 1.2
X 12  x x  6
  0
1/ 2 3/ 2 3/2
3x + 12 + x + x – 6
5x = – 6
x = –1.2

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
26. Two resistances R1 = X and R2 = 1  are connected to a wire AB of uniform resistivity, as shown nt he
figure. The radius of the wire varies linearly along its axis from 0.2 mm at A to 1 mm at B. A galvanometer (G)
connected to the center of the wire, 50 cm from each end along its axis, shows zero deflection when A and B
are connected to a battery. The value of X is _________ . [JEE(Adv.) 2022]

Ans. (5)
Sol. a = 0.2 mm
b = 1 mm so c = 0.6 mm
X 1

R3 R4
l
R 3 ac
x 1 
R4 l
cb
cb b
x=   5
ac a

To find resistance.

ra dx
tan   dR  
x r 2
l
x
ba ba  dx

l l
R
 r 2
dx  (dr)
ba
 l dr
  b  a r2


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JEE-Physics

b
l 1

(b  a) a R 2 dr
l 1 1 
R= 
[b  a]  a b 
l
R
ab

27. In Circuit-1 and Circuit-2 shown in the figures, R1 = 1 , R2 = 2 . and R3 = 3 . P1 and P2 are the power
dissipations in Circuit-1 and Circuit-2 when the switches S1 and S2 are in open conditions, respectively. Q1
and Q2 are the power dissipations in Circuit-1 and Circuit-2 when the switches S1 and S2 are in closed
conditions, respectively.

Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct? [JEE(Adv.) 2022]

(A) When a voltage source of 6 V is connected across A and B in both circuits, P 1 < P2.
(B) When a constant current source of 2 Amp is connected across A and B in both circuits, P 1 > P2.
(C) When a voltage source of 6 V is connected across A and B in Circuit-1, Q1 > P1
(D) When a constant current source of 2 Amp is connected across A and B in both circuits, Q 2 < Q1
Ans. (ABC)
Sol.

5 16
R eq open   1 Ohm  Ohm
11 11
5
R eq closed  Ohm
11
Increase of closing switch
V2
P for constant voltage source
R eq
P  i2Req for constant current source
6
R eq open  Ohm
11
1
R eq closed  Ohm
2
Reduces on closing switch

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28. In a circuit shown in the figure, the capacitor C is initially uncharged and the key K is open. In this condition, a
current of 1 A flows through the 1  resistor. The key is closed at time t = t0. Which of the following
statement(s) is(are) correct? [Given: e–1 = 0.36] [JEE(Adv.) 2023]
15V R

5V 1

I1 3
( )

K
C = 2F
3

(A) The value of the resistance R is 3.

(B) For t < t0, the value of current I1 is 2A.
(C) At t = t0 + 7.2 s, the current in the capacitor is 0.6 A.
(D) For t  , the charge on the capacitor is 12 C.
Ans. (A,B,C,D)
15V R I

Sol.
5V 1 1A
O V

3
I1
By writing voltage drop across 1
 0+5+1×1=V
V=6
 Similarly across R
0 + 15 – I × R = 6
IR = 9
  across 3
6 – 3 I1 = 0
I1 = 2A
Hence option (B) is correct
 I = 1 + 2 (by KCL)
I=3
IR = 9
R = 3
Option (A) is correct

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
eq = 6V req=0.6


3
C = 2µF
15 5 0
 
3
  3 1 3  10   6V
1 1 1 5
 
3 1 3
qmax = 2 × 6 = 12µC
t
6 
i e
3.6
5 7.2 5 1
 e  e  0.6A
3 7.2 3

*****

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