PHYSICS

II PreUni Plus 2020-21

Solution to Revision Worksheet - 5.2 Current Electricity

1. In an experiment to measure the internal resistance of a cell, by a potentiometer, it is found that the
balance point is at a length of 2 m, when the cell is shunted by a 5 Ω resistance and is at a length of 3 m
when the cell is shunted by a 10 Ω resistance. The internal resistance of the cell is then
(A) 1.5 Ω. (B) 10 Ω. (C) 15 Ω. (D) 1 Ω.
Ans (B)
In case of internal resistance measurement by potentiometer,
 ER 1 
 
V1 l1  R1 + r  R 1 (R 2 + r)
= = =
V2 l2  ER 2  R 2 (R1 + r)
 
 R2 + r 
Here, l1 = 2 m, l2 = 3 m, R1 = 5 Ω and R2 = 10 Ω
2 5(10 + r)
∴ = or 20 + 4r = 30 + 3r or r = 10 Ω
3 10(5 + r)
2. The Kirchhoff’s first law (Σi = 0) and second law (ΣiR = ΣE), where the symbols have their usual
meanings, are respectively based on
(A) conservation of charge, conservation of momentum.
(B) conservation of energy, conservation of charge.
(C) conservation of momentum, conservation of charge.
(D) conservation of charge, conservation of energy.
Ans (D)
Kirchhoff’s first law is based on conservation of charge while second law is based on the conservation of
energy.
3. In the given figure, when galvanometer shows no deflection, the current (in ampere) flowing through
5 Ω resistance will be
(A) 0.6 A.
(B) 0.5 A.
(C) 1.5 A.
(D) 2.0 A.
Ans (A)
Let the current through arm ADC is i.
Then current through arm ABC will be (2.1 − i).
As there is no deflection in galvanometer (20 + 5)i = (8 + 2) (2.1 − i)
Solving, we get i = 0 6 A

1
2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

4. In the circuit of figure, the final voltage drop across the capacitor C is
Vr1 Vr2
(A) . (B) .
r1 + r2 r1 + r2
V(r1 + r2 ) V(r1 + r2 )
(C) . (D) .
r2 r1 + r2 + r3
Ans (B)
In steady state, the capacitor arm presents an infinite resistance.
So, the potential difference across C is that across r2.
V
Current through, r2 = .
(r1 + r2 )
Vr2
Potential difference across, = .
(r1 + r2 )
5. The potential difference across 8 Ω resistances is 48 V as shown in figure. The value of potential
difference across X and Y point will be

(A) 160 V.
(B) 128 V.
(C) 80 V.
(D) 62 V.

Ans (A)
The circuit is redrawn as shown in figure

∴ Potential difference across XY = 20 × 8 = 160 V

6. The equivalent resistance between points A and B of an infinite network of resistances, each of 1 Ω,
connected as shown in figure is
(A) infinite.
(B) 2 Ω.
(C) zero.

(D)
(1 + 5)
Ω.
2
Ans (D)
Let B be the equivalent resistance between points A and B.
Here we assume that one more set of resistances connected between A and B as shown in figure.
The assumption will not affect the resistance R because there are infinite number of such sets connected
1× R 1 + 2R
between A and B. Let R′ be the new resistance between points A′ and B′. Then R ' = 1 + =
1+ R 1+ R

2
 2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

1 + 2R
According to our assumption, R′ = R. So, R = or R + R 2 = 1 + 2R or R 2 − R − 1 = 0
1+ R
1± 5 1+ 5
This gives, R = = as negative value is not permissible.
2 2
7. When the key K is pressed at time t = 0, then which of the following statements about the current i in the
resistor AB of the given circuit as shown in the figure is true?
(A) i = 1 mA at all time.
(B) i = 2 mA at all time.
(C) i oscillates between 1 mA and 2 mA.
(D) at t = 0, i = 2 mA and with time it goes to 1 mA.
Ans (D)
Initially the current will pass through resistance between AB and capacitor C.
The current will not pass through the resistance which is in parallel to C.
The only resistance in the circuit = RAB = 1000 Ω
2V
∴ Current = = 2 × 10−3 A = 2 mA . The charging of capacitor takes place.
1000 Ω
Soon after the capacitor is fully charged, no current will flow through C. The current will now flow
through 1000 Ω across C. Total resistance of the circuit will be 1000 + 1000 = 2000 Ω
2V
Current = = 1 × 10−3 A = 1 mA
2000 Ω
8. The potential difference between the points A and B in figure will be
2
(A) V .
3
8
(B) V .
9
4
(C) V .
3
(D) 2 V.
Ans (A)
The upper three resistances of the cell are in series. Their equivalent resistance is 15 Ω.
Similarly lower three resistances are in series. Their equivalent resistance is also 15 Ω.
The upper and lower equivalent resistances are connected in parallel.
1 1 1 2 15
So, resultant resistance of the circuit is given by = + = or R = Ω
R 15 15 15 2
2 4
Current from the cell, i = = A
 15  15
 
2
In order to calculate potential difference between points A and B.
Half of the current goes to each part i.e., current in each part is
 2 A.
 
 15 
2 2 2 2 2
Consider the loop AEFDCA, we have VAB = − × 5 + × 5 + × 5 = × 5 = V
16 16 15 15 3

3
2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

9. There are N cells in the circuit of figure. The emf and internal resistance of each cell is E and r
respectively. The points A and B in the circuit divide the circuit into n and (N − n) cells. The current in
the circuit is
E nE
(A) . (B) .
r r
NE
(C) . (D) zero.
nr
Ans (A)
The equivalent circuit is shown in figure.
The current given by
V nE + (N − n)E NE E
i= = = =
R nr + (N − n)r Nr r
10. For what value of unknown resistance X, the potential difference between B and D will be zero in the
arrangement of figure
(A) 4 Ω.
(B) 2 Ω.
(C) 3 Ω.
(D) 6 Ω.
Ans (D)
When the bridge is balanced, the potential difference between B and D will be zero.
P R 12 6 + X
=  = or 12 = 6 + X ∴ X = 6 Ω
Q S 0.5 0.5
11. P, Q, S and X are four coils of wire 2, 2, 2, and 3 Ω resistances respectively arranged to form a
Wheatstone’s bridge as shown in figure. Calculate the value of the resistance with which the coil X must
be shunted in order that the bridge may be balanced.
(A) 2 Ω.
(B) 3 Ω.
(C) 4 Ω.
(D) 6 Ω.
Ans (D)
P R 2 2
= or = or S = 2 Ω
Q S 2 S
Let the resistance X = 3 Ω be shunted with a resistance Y to obtain a total resistance 2 Ω.
1 1 1 1 1 1
Then + = or + = . Solving, we get Y = 6 Ω
X Y 2 3 Y 2
12. In the given network, the equivalent resistance between A and B is
R
(A) .
2
(B) R.
(C) 2R.
(D) 4R.
Ans (A)
The five resistances form a balanced Wheatstone bridge.

4
 2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

2R × 2R
Their effective resistance R1 is given by R 1 = =R.
2R + 2R
This is in parallel with the resistance R between A and B.
R×R R
Therefore, total resistance between A and B = = .
R+R 2
13. The potential difference between the point A and B in the given circuit will be

2
(A) V.
3
8
(B) V .
9
4
(C) V .
3
(D) 2 V.

Ans (A)
Resistance of CBD part = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 Ω, Resistance of CAD part = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 Ω
The two parts are connected in parallel.
= + = or R =  
1 1 1 2 15
So, their equivalent resistance is given by
R 15 15 15 2
2 4
Current through the cell, i = = A.
  15
15
 
 2
Current through the branch CAD or CBD =   A .
2
 15 
2 2 2 2
∴ VAB = × 5 + × 5 − × 5 = V .
15 15 15 3
14. To get maximum current through a resistance of 2.5 Ω one can use in rows of cells, each row having n
cells. The internal resistance of each cell is 0.5 Ω. What are the values of n and m if the total number of
cell is 45?
(A) m = 3, n = 15. (B) m = 5, n = 9. (C) m = 9, n = 5 . (D) m = 15, n = 3.
Ans (A)
For maximum current,
mR = nr …(i)
Given that, mn = 45 …(ii)
From equation (i), we get m × 2.5 = n × 0.5.
m × 2.5
∴ n= =5m.
0.5
From equation (ii),
we get m × 5m = 45 or m = 3.
Now, n = 5 × 3 = 15.

5
2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

15. Two resistances are connected in two gaps of a metre bridge. The balance point is 20 cm from the zero
end. A resistance of 15 Ω is connected in series with the smaller of the two. The null point shifts to
40 cm. The null point shifts to 40 cm. The value of the smaller resistance in ohm is
(A) 3. (B) 6. (C) 9. (D) 12.
Ans (C)
Let S and R be two resistances connected in the two gaps of metre bridge and S > R
 100 − l   100 − 20 
We have S =  R =   R = 4R …(i)
 l   20 
When 15 Ω is added to resistance R, then
 100 − 40  6
S=  (R + 15) = (R + 15) …(ii)
 40  4
6
From equations (i) and (ii), we get 4R = (R + 15)
4
Solving, we get R = 9 Ω.
16. In the given circuit, the voltmeter records 5 V. The resistance of the voltmeter in ohms is

(A) 200 Ω.
(B) 100 Ω.
(C) 10 Ω.
(D) 50 Ω.

Ans (B)
Let R be the resistance of voltmeter as shown in figure
The resultant resistance of the circuit,
 R × 100 
R resultant =   + 50
 R + 100 
R × 100 + 50 × (R + 100)
=
(R + 100)
150R + 5000
=
(R + 100)
10 V
The current flowing in the circuit, i =
 (150R + 5000 ) 
 (R + 100) 
 
The voltage across AB, i.e., V′ is given by V′ = i × RAB
10  R × 100 
=
 (150R + 5000)   R + 100 
 (R + 100) 
 
 10 
5=  (R × 100)
150R + 5000 
Solving, we get R = 100 Ω

6
 2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

17. A thin uniform wire AB of length 1 m, and unknown resistance X and a resistance of 12 Ω are connected
by thick conducting strips as shown in figure. A battery and galvanometer are also connected as shown
in the figure. It is found that no deflection takes place in the galvanometer when the sliding jockey
touches the wire at a distance of 60 cm from A. The unknown resistance X is

(A) 6 Ω.
(B) 8 Ω.
(C) 10 Ω.
(D) 15 Ω.

Ans (B)
The balanced Wheatstone bridge is shown in figure
R Aj 12 Ω
Now, = .
R jB X
The balance on the wire is obtained when jockey
is at a distance of 60 cm from A.
The resistance RAj is 0 6 ρ where ρ
is resistance per unit length of wire.
The resistance of RjB part of the wire is (l − 0.6) ρ = 0.4 ρ.
0.6ρ 12 Ω
∴ = or X = 8 Ω .
0.4ρ X
18. The effective resistance between points P and Q of the electric circuit shown in figure is

2Rr
(A) .
(R + r)
8R(R + r)
(B) .
(3R + r)
(C) 2r + 4R.
5R
(D) + 2r .
2

Ans (A)

1 1 1 1 2Rr
The equivalent resistance is given by = + + or R eq = .
R eq 4R 2r 4r R+r

7
2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

19. Two cells of emf 1.5 and 2.0 V and internal resistances 2 and 1 Ω respectively, have their negative
terminals joined by a wire of 6 Ω and positive terminals by another 4 Ω. A third resistance of 8 Ω
connects the mid-points of these two wires. The potential difference at the ends of the third wire is

(A) 1 V.
(B) 1.26 V.
(C) 2 V.
(D) 2.5 V.

Ans (A)
The current distribution is shown in figure.
Applying Kirchhoff’s second law to meshes ABCDA HBCCH, we have
2i1 + 6(i1 + i2) + 3i1 + 2i1 = 1.5 or 15i1 + 8i2 = 1.5.
1(i1 − i2) − 2(i3 − i1) + i1 = 2 or 4i1 − i2 − 2i3 = 2.
 5   18 
Solving equations (1) and (2), we have i1 =   and i 2 =  .
 146   146 
 23 
∴ i1 + i 2 =   A.
 146 
 23 
Potential difference across 8 Ω resistance = 8(i1 + i 2 ) = 8 ×   = 1.26 V .
 146 
20. Two identical cells connected in series send 10 A current through a 5 Ω resistor. When they are
connected in parallel, they send 8 A current through the same resistance. What is the internal resistance
of each cell?
(A) zero (B) 2.5 Ω (C) 10 Ω (D) 1.0 Ω
Ans (B)
5Ω

10A

E r E r

When connected in series,

2E 5Ω
10 = …(1)
5 + 2r
E r
When connected in parallel, 8
E
8= …(2)
 r E r
5 + 
 2
Solving Eq. (1) and (2),
we get r = 2.5 Ω

8
 2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

21. The potential difference between points C and D in the given circuit is
(A) 13 volt 5A 2Ω 5Ω
(B) 23 volt • D
C
(C) 22 volt 3V
4Ω
(D) 0 volt 3A

Ans (B)
Consider the path COD.
VC + (5 × 2) + 3 + (2 × 5) = VD
VC + 23 = VD
VC − VD = 23 volt
22. In the circuit shown in diagram, the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter, respectively are
(A) 6 A, 60 V
(B) 0.6 A, 6 V
(C) 6 A, 6 V
6 60
(D) A, V
11 11
Ans (D)
6
E = IR  I = A
11
6 60
∴ V = E − Ir = 6 − × 1 = V
11 11
23. In a potentiometer experiment, a cell of emf 1.25 V gives balancing length of 30 cm. If the cell is
replaced by another cell, balancing length is found to be 40 cm. The emf of second cell is
(A) ∼ 47V (B) ∼ 1.57V (C) ∼ 1.37V (D) ∼ 1.67V
Ans (D)
E1 = 1.25 V, l1 = 30 cm,
E2 = ? l2 = 40 cm
E2 l2 40 cm 4 4 4 5
= = = E2 = ( E1 ) = 1.25 × = V
E1 l1 30cm 3 3 3 3
E2 = 1.667 V
24. A current i = 10 A flows through a cell of emf ε = 20 V. If the internal resistance of the cell is
0.1 ohm, then
(A) VB − VA = 19 V
(B) the power supplied to the celli s less than 200 W ε
A B
(C) the power supplied to the cell is 200 W
(D) the cell is in charging mode.
Ans (D)
• The cell is in charging mode  VB > VA.
(VB − VA) = E + Ir = 20 + 10(0.1) = 21 V
• P = VI = 21 × 10 = 210 W
(D) The cell is in charging mode

9
2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

25. The value of RAB is

2R
(A)
3
3R B
(B)
5
5R
(C)
3
R
(D)
3
Ans (C)
2R(R) 5R
R AB = +R =
2R + R 3
26. The terminal voltage between A and B is
(A) 6.1 V
E=6V i=1A
(B) 5.9 V A B
(C) 6 V r = 0.1 Ω
(D) zero
Ans (B)
V = E − ir = 6 – (1 × 0.1) = 5.9 V
27. In a meter bridge experiment resistances are connected as shown in the figure. Initially resistance
P = 4 Ω and the neutral point N is at 60 cm from A. Now an unknown resistance R is connected in series
to P and the new position of the neutral point is at 80 cm from A.
The value of unknown resistance R is
33
(A) Ω (B) 6 Ω
5
20
(C) Ω (D) 7 Ω
3
Ans (C)
According to initial condition
4 60
=
Q 40
8
Q= Ω
3
For the second condition
4 + R 80
=
Q 20
8
4 + R = 4 
 3
20
R= Ω
3
28. In a potentiometer experiment, the balancing length with a cell is 560 cm. When an external resistance of
10 ohms is connected in parallel to the cell the balancing length changes by 60 cm. The internal
resistance of the cell in ohms is
(A) 3.6 (B) 2.4 (C) 1.2 (D) 0.6

10
 2P2021P(RP)WS5.2S

Ans (C)
l −l   560 − 500  10 × 60
r = R  1 2   r = 10  r=
 l2   500  500
6
∴ r = = 1 .2 Ω
5
29. In the figure, the potentiometer wire AB of length L and resistance 9r is joined to the cell D of emf E
and internal resistance r. The emf of the cell C is E/2 and its internal resistance is 2r. The galvanometer
G will show no deflection when the length AM is
4L G
(A) C
9
5L A B
(B) M
9
7L
(C)
18
D
11L
(D)
18
Ans (B)
E
In the position of balance, current in AB is i =
10r
9E
p.d. across AB is i × 9r =
10
9E E 9E 5L
p.d. per unit length of AB is for balance, = ( AM ) or AM =
10L 2 10L 9
30. Two coils are connected in series in one gap of a meter bridge and the null point is obtained at the
middle of the wire by putting 75 Ω in the other gap. The two coils are then connected in parallel and the
null point is obtained again at the middle of the wire, when the resistance in the other gap is changed by
57 Ω. The resistances of the two coils are
(A) 50 Ω and 25 Ω (B) 45 Ω and 30 Ω
(C) 40 Ω and 35 Ω (D) 55 Ω and 20 Ω
Ans (B)
R + R2 50
1. When the coils are in series, 1 = =1
75 (100 − 50)
R1 + R2 = 75 Ω
R1R 2 / (R 1 + R 2 )
2. When the coils are in parallel, =1
(75 − 57)
R1R2 = 18 × 75 = 1350
By inspection, R1 = 45 Ω, R2 = 30 Ω.

***

11