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Lesson 4 Modal Verbs - General & Ability

The document explains the rules and usage of modal verbs in English, specifically focusing on 'can', 'could', and 'be able to' for expressing ability. It details the structure for positive, negative, and question forms, as well as the differences between general and specific abilities. Additionally, it discusses the use of modal verbs for permission and requests, highlighting the more polite forms of 'could'.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
6 views2 pages

Lesson 4 Modal Verbs - General & Ability

The document explains the rules and usage of modal verbs in English, specifically focusing on 'can', 'could', and 'be able to' for expressing ability. It details the structure for positive, negative, and question forms, as well as the differences between general and specific abilities. Additionally, it discusses the use of modal verbs for permission and requests, highlighting the more polite forms of 'could'.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PreMium Education Muhammad Ali Teacher

Modal fe’llarning umumiy qoidalari:


 Ingliz tilida modal fe’llar – asosiy fe’lga qo’shimcha ma’no yuklaydigan yordamchi fe’llardir.
Masalan: can – modal fe’li asosoiy fe’lga “qila olmoq” ma’nosini beradi.
> I swim = Men suzaman. > I can swim = Men suza olaman.

 Modal fe’llarning ko’pchiligi shaxsga qarab o’zgarmaydi. Masalan: “ can, could, may, might, must, should,
ought to, had better ” modal fe’llari shu qatorga kiradi.
> I can speak 5 languages and he can speak 3 languages. > You must see a doctor and they must go with you.

 Modal fe’llarning ko’pchiligi hozirgi zamonda fe’llarning bare infinitive shakli (run, read, be…) bilan
to’g’ridan-to’g’ri birikadi, ya’ni asosoiy fe’l oldidan TO ishlatilmaydi.
> They may go to Italy for holiday next week. > My grandfather could swim 3 kilometres in his childhood.
NOTE: “have to, ought to, be to” modal fe’llarida “ to ” yuklamasi mavjud.
> I have to/ought to study hard for the exams.

“ Can / Could / Be able to ” modal fe’llari: Ability (qobiliyat)


 Can – modal fe’li hozirgi zamonda biror ish qilishga qobiliyat yoki imkoniyat bor/yo’qligini bildiradi.
> Look! I can play football quite well. > I cannot swim so I cannot come to the pool with you.
Structures:
Positive: . S + can + V1 + C + M .

> I can look after your dog while you are way. Don’t worry! > They can study hard and can pass the exam.

Negative: . S + cannot (can’t) + V1 + C + M .

> She cannot translate the text, she doesn’t know English. > We can’t fail the exam because our teacher believes us.

Question: . Can + S + V1 + C + M ? .

> Can those students swim very well? > How can I use that method effectively?
 Can – modal fe’li ba’zan kelajak zamondagi payt ravishlari bilan ham qo’llanilishi mumkin. Bunday vaziyatlarda
CAN imkoniyat ma’nosida ishlatiladi. > He can’t (won’t be able to) come to the party tomorrow.

 Kelajakda biror ishni qila olish qobiliyatini ifodalash uchun esa will be able to + V1 shakli ham ishlatilishi
mumkin. > The baby will be able to walk in the few weeks.

 Could – modal fe’li o’tgan zamonda biror ish qilishga qobiliyati yoki imkoniyati bo’lgan/bo’lmaganini
bildiradi.
> He could read when he was only four years old. > They could finish their job in a few minutes.
> I could not understand the people when I came here last year. > Ali couldn’t speak well a year ago.
> Could you write in English when you were 5 years old? > Could he run very fast before?

 Yuqoridagi ma’nolarda, can / could modal fe’llarining vazifadoshi sifatida “ to be able to + V1 ” qurilmasi
ishlatilishi mumkin.
PreMium Education Muhammad Ali Teacher
> I can’t speak Spanish because I don’t know it = I’m not able to speak Spanish because I don’t know it.
> I couldn’t understand the lesson well = I was not able to understand the lesson well.

NOTE: Biroq can / could modal fe’llari yuqoridagi ma’nolarda faqat hozirgi va o’tgan zamolarda ishlatilishi
mumkin, boshqa zamonlarda esa to be able to + V1 qurilmasi ishlatiladi.
> He will be able to walk in a few days. > Has he been able to finish his job on time?
> I have not been able to sleep recently. > I had been able to finish the task before the committee came.

 Boshqa modal fe’llardan keyin ham faqat be able to + V1 qurilmasi qo’llaniladi:


(misol uchun: may/might/should must/used to qurilmalaridan keyin).
> I used to be able to stand on my head. > He may be able to come to the party.

 O’zidan keyin fe’lning gerund yoki infinitive shaklini talab qiladigan ba’zi fe’llardan keyin ham faqat
“ to be able to + V1 ” qurilmasi qo’llaniladi:
> I enjoy being able to understand the language of animals.
> I would like to be able to fly around the sky.

 Can/Could va Be able to o’rtasidagi farq bu - Can va Could faqat General ability (umumiy qobiliyat/imkoniyat)
uchun ishlatiladi. Be able to esa General ability uchun ham, Specific ability (maxsus vaziyatdagi
qobiliyat/imkoniyat) uchun ham ishlatiladi. NOTE: Specific vaziyat uchun “ manage to ” ham ishlatiladi.
> I can/am able to run very fast (= umumiy). > She can/is able to speak 5 languages (= umumiy).
> I am able to/manage to run very fast when a dog chases me. (= faqat shu vaziyatda)
> My son could/was able to walk when he was 11 months old. (= odatiy hol, shu uchun umumiy vaziyat)
> There was a fire in the office but all the workers were able to/managed to escape. (= aynan shu vaziyatda)

NOTE: Inkor gaplarda, Could va Was/Were able to, maxsus vaziyatda bir xil ishlatiladi.
> It was very dark and they could not find the exit. yoki …and they were not able to find the exit.

Modal fe’llar: Ruxsat / Iltimos / Taklif ma’nolarida


 Can/Could I…? | Can/Could we…? – shaklida bu modal fe’llar, hozirgi zamonda ijozat/ruxsat so’rash uchun
ishlatiladi. Bu yerda Could I/we…? muloyimroq va rasmiyroq hisoblanadi.
> Can/Could I use your dictionary? – Lug’atingizdan foydalansam maylimi/bo’ladimi?
> Could/Can we come on Monday? – Dushanba kuni kelsam maylimi/bo’ladimi?

 Can/Could you/he/she/they …? – esa kimdir siz uchun nimadir qilishini so’raganda yoki iltimos qilganda ham
ishlatiladi. Bu yerda Can ham Could ham hozirgi zamon uchun ishlatiladi va Could muloyimroq va rasmiyroq
hisoblanadi.
> Can he bring 99 eggs tomorrow? – U ertaga 99 ta tuxum olib kelib berolaydimi?
> Could you sing this song loudly? – Siz bu qo’shiqni balandroq kuylay olasizmi? (muloyimroq)
> Can you lend me some money? -
> Could you do me a favour? – Menga yordam bera olasizmi? (muloyimroq)

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