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Chemistry Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of the chemistry document covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure, including multiple choice questions, fill in the blanks, definitions, short answer questions, long answer questions, numericals, and matching exercises. Key topics include subatomic particles, isotopes, atomic number, and electronic configuration. The chapter aims to reinforce understanding of these concepts through various question formats.

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8 views5 pages

Chemistry Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of the chemistry document covers fundamental concepts of atomic structure, including multiple choice questions, fill in the blanks, definitions, short answer questions, long answer questions, numericals, and matching exercises. Key topics include subatomic particles, isotopes, atomic number, and electronic configuration. The chapter aims to reinforce understanding of these concepts through various question formats.

Uploaded by

rakeshpur747
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chemistry Chapter 4

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1. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Choose the correct option:

1. The fundamental particle of an atom that is negatively charged is:


a) Proton
b) Neutron
c) Electron
d) Nucleus

2. The mass number of an atom is the sum of:


a) Protons and electrons
b) Electrons and neutrons
c) Protons and neutrons
d) None of these

3. Who discovered the electron?


a) Rutherford
b) Chadwick
c) Thomson
d) Bohr

4. Which of the following particles is found in the nucleus of an atom?


a) Electron
b) Proton
c) Neutron
d) Both b and c

5. The charge on a neutron is:


a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
d) None

6. The nucleus of an atom contains:


a) Protons only
b) Electrons only
c) Protons and neutrons
d) Electrons and neutrons

7. The maximum number of electrons in an orbit is given by:


a) 2n
b) 2n²
c) n²
d) n³

8. An isotope has the same number of:


a) Protons
b) Neutrons
c) Electrons
d) Both a and c

9. The number of shells in sodium atom is:


a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

10. Which scientist proposed the planetary model of an atom?


a) Bohr
b) Dalton
c) Thomson
d) Chadwick

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2. Fill in the Blanks

1. The relative mass of an electron is approximately __________.

2. The atomic number of carbon is __________.

3. Protons carry a __________ charge.

4. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in fixed paths called __________.

5. The maximum number of electrons in the first shell is __________.

6. Neutrons were discovered by __________.

7. Isotopes have the same atomic number but different __________.

8. The atomic mass of an atom is due to __________ and __________.

9. The K shell can hold a maximum of __________ electrons.

10. An atom is electrically __________ because the number of protons equals the number of
__________.
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3. Definitions

1. Atom

2. Proton

3. Neutron

4. Electron

5. Atomic number

6. Mass number

7. Isotope

8. Isobar

9. Valency

10. Electronic configuration

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4. Short Answer Questions

1. What is an isotope? Give one example.

2. What is the charge and mass of a proton?

3. Name the three subatomic particles.

4. How are electrons arranged in an atom?

5. What is the maximum number of electrons in the M shell?

6. Who discovered the nucleus of an atom?

7. What do you mean by atomic number?

8. Define mass number with an example.

9. What are isobars?


10. State Bohr’s postulates.

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5. Long Answer Questions

1. Explain the Bohr model of an atom with a diagram.

2. Compare the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

3. Write the electronic configuration of the first 10 elements.

4. Discuss the structure of the atom according to modern theory.

5. What are isotopes? Give uses of any two isotopes.

6. How does the atomic number differ from mass number?

7. What is meant by valency? How is it determined?

8. Explain the importance of neutrons in the nucleus.

9. Describe how the discovery of electrons changed the atomic model.

10. How did Rutherford’s experiment lead to the discovery of the nucleus?

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6. Numericals

1. An element has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. Find its atomic number and mass number.

2. If an atom has 20 protons and 20 electrons, what is its net charge?

3. Calculate the number of neutrons in an atom of chlorine-35 (Atomic number = 17).

4. An isotope of uranium has a mass number of 238 and atomic number 92. Find the number of
neutrons.

5. Calculate the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the L shell.

6. Sodium has atomic number 11 and mass number 23. How many electrons, protons, and
neutrons are there?

7. An atom has 6 protons, 6 electrons, and 6 neutrons. Write its electronic configuration.
8. An element has electronic configuration 2,8,1. Identify the element and state its valency.

9. Write the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in isotope carbon-14.

10. Magnesium has atomic number 12 and mass number 24. Calculate the number of neutrons.

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7. Match the Following

AB

1. Proton a. Discovered by Chadwick


2. Neutron b. Atomic number = 6
3. Electron. c. Positively charged
4. Nucleus d. Discovered by J.J. Thomson
5. Carbon e. Center of atom
6. Bohr. f. Discovered electron shells
7. Isotope g. Same atomic number, different mass number
8. Atomic mass h. Sum of protons and neutrons
9. Mass number. i. 2n² formula
10. Electron shells. j. Negatively charged particle

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