GEOGRAPHY MEDIEVAL HISTORY

1. SOLAR SYSTEM 1-4 1. DELHI SULTANATE 105-108

2. LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE 5-8 2. VIJAYANAGARA AND BAHMANI KINGDOM
109-111
3. EARTH’S INTERIOR AND PLATE
TECHTONICS 9-11 3. MUGHAL EMPIRE 112-116
4. ROCKS CONTINENTS AND OCEAN 12-14 4. MARATHAS 117-118
5. GEOMORPHOLOGY AND LANDFORMS 5. BHAKTI AND SUFI MOVEMENTS 119-121
15-17
6. ATMOSPHERE 18-20
MODERN HISTORY
7. WIND, OCEAN CURRENT AND CYCLONE 1. ADVENT OF EUROPEANS 122-124
21-23
2. SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORMS 125-127
8. INDIA AND ITS LOCATION 24-27
3. REVOLT OF 1857 128-129
9. HIMALAYAS 28-31
4. INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS 130-131
10. PENINSULAR PLATEAUS 32-33
5. BENGAL PARTITION 132-134
11. NORTHERN PLAIN AND ISLANDS 34-37
6. GANDHIAN ERA 135-136
12. HIMALAYAN RIVER SYSTEM 38-40
7. CDM AND SIMON COMMISSION 137-139
13. PENINSULAR RIVERS 41-43
8. COMMUNAL AWARDS 140
14. DAMS, LAKES AND WATERFALL 44-46
9. QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT 141-143
15. MONSOON 47-49
10. GOVERNOR-GENERAL AND VICEROY
16. FOREST AND GRASSLAND 50-52 144-145
17. SOIL AND AGRICULTURE 53-57 POLITY
18. MINERALS 58-62
1. MAKING OF CONSTITUTION 146-148
19 WORLD MAP 63-68
2. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE CONSTITUTION
20. NATIONAL PARKS 69-74
149-150
ANCIENT HISTORY
3. PREAMBLE 151
1. STONE AGE 75-76 4. PART 1 AND PART 2 OF THE CONSTITUTION
2. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION 77-80
152-153
3. VEDIC AGE 81-83
4. JAINISM AND BUDDHISM 84-86 5. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 154-157
5. MAHAJANPADAS 87-88 6. DPSP AND FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
6. MAURYA DYNASTY 89-91 158-160
7. POST-MAURYA DYNASTIES 92-94 7. PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT OF
8. GUPTA DYNASTY 95-96 INDIA 161-163
9. POST-GUPTA DYNASTIES 97-99 8. PRIME MINISTER AND COUNCIL OF
MINISTERS 164-166
10. SANGAM AGE 100-101
9. PARLIAMENT 167-172
11. TRIPARTITE STRUGGLE AND CHOLAS
102-104 10. STATE LEGISLATURE 173-175

i
11. EMERGENCY & CONSTITUTIONAL BIOLOGY
AMENDMENT 176-178
1. CELL 182-286
12. SUPREME COURT AND HIGH COURT
179-181 2. PLANT TISSUE AND ANIMAL TISSUE
13. LOCAL GOVERNMENT 182-184 287-292
14. CONSTITUTIONAL AND NON- 3. PLANT AND ANIMAL KINGDOM 293-299
CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES 185-187 4. NERVOUS SYSTEM 300-302
15. IMPORTANT ACTS 188-190 5. HORMONES AND PLANT MOVEMENTS
16. SOURCES OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION 303-305

191 6. REPRODUCTION 306-310

ECONOMICS 7. DIGESTION AND RESPIRATION 311-313

8. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM AND EXCRETORY
1. BASICS OF ECONOMY 192-193
SYSTEM 314-317
2. DEMAND AND SUPPLY 194-197
9. DISEASES 318-321
3. NATIONAL INCOME 198-200
10. NUTRIENTS 322-325
4. INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT
201-203 11. HEREDITARY AND EVOLUTION 326-329
5. BUDGET AND TAXATION 204-206 ENVIRONMENT
6. MONETARY POLICY 207-209 1. BASICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
7. MONEY AND BANKING 210-214 330-331
8. BALANCE OF PAYMENT AND POVERTY 2. ECOSYSTEM 332-334
215-217 3. TROPHIC DYNAMICS AND ENERGY
9. FIVE YEAR PLAN AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY TRANSFER 335-336
RESOLUTION 218-221 4. BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES 337
PHYSICS 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONVENTIONS
338-339
1. MOTION 222-224
2. FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION 225-227
STATIC GK
3. GRAVITATION AND WORK DONE 228-231
1. CLASSICAL DANCE 340-343
4. SOUND 232-234
2. FOLK DANCES OF INDIA 344-351
5. REFLECTION AND REFRACTION 235-239
3. CENSUS 352-354
6. HUMAN EYE AND VISION 240-243
7. ELECTRICITY 244-246 4. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 355-357

8. MAGNETIC EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT 5. GHARANAS 358-360

247-249 6. IMPORTANT DAYS 361-363
CHEMISTRY 7. BOOKS AND AUTHORS 364-371
8. SPORTS 372-379
1. MATTER 250-254
9. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
2. ATOM AND ITS STRUCTURE 255-259
380-384
3. PERIODIC TABLE 260-264
10. NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS 385-387
4. CHEMICAL REACTIONS 265-266
11. FESTIVALS OF INDIA 388-393
5. METALS AND NON-METALS 267-271
6. ACID, BASE AND SALT 272-275 12. GOVERNMENT SCHEMES 394-398

7. CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS 276-281 13. AWARDS AND HONOURS 399-402

ii
 SOLAR SYSTEM

ORIGIN OF UNIVERSE CONSTELLATION PLANETS DWARF PLANETS

CELESTIAL BODIES THE SUN SOLAR AND LUNAR MISSION

LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE

THE EARTH LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE SOLSTICE AND EQUINOX TIDES

EARTH'S INTERIOR AND PLATE TECTONICS

LAYERS OF EARTH EARTHQUAKE TECTONIC PLATES RING OF FIRE

ROCKS CONTINENTS AND OCEANS

IGNEOUS ROCK SEDIMENTARY ROCK METAMORPHIC ROCK VOLCANO CONTINENTS AND OCEAN SEAFLOOR SPREADING CORALS

GEOMORPHOLOGY AND LANDFORMS

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESS DEPOSITIONAL LANDFORMS EROSIONAL LANDFORMS

ATMOSPHERE

DIFFERENT LAYERS OF ATMOSPHERE INSOLATION HEAT BUDGET WATER ON EARTH CLOUDS RAINFALL

WIND, OCEAN CURRENT AND CYCLONE

WIND AND PRESSURE DIFFERENCE GEOSTROPHIC WIND LOCAL WINDS CYCLONE ANTICYCLONE OCEAN CURRENTS

INDIA AND ITS LOCATION

INDIA LAND BORDER OF INDIA COASTAL BOUNDARY OF INDIA

HIMALAYAS

MOUNTAINS HIMALAYAS REGIONAL DIVISION OF HIMALAYAS MOUNTAIN PASSES

PENINSULAR PLATEAUS

PENINSULAR PLATEAU CENTRAL HIGHLANDS SATPURA AND VINDHYA RANGE DECCAN PLATEAU WESTERN AND EASTERN GHATS
SOLAR SYSTEM

• Study of Universe is known as: Cosmology. Nebular Hypothesis

Universe Milky → Way Galaxy → Solar System → 8 planets • First proposed by Immanuel Kant in 1755 and independently expanded
upon by Pierre-Simon Laplace in 1796.
• Branch of science that deals with celestial bodies: Astronomy. • The age of Earth: 4.5 Billion years old

ORIGIN OF UNIVERSE
Solar System
• Our Solar System has 8 planets and
• Various theories have been given on how the universe came into existence.
5 Dwarf planets.
Big Bang Theory
• The Sun is at the centre, the
• Big Bang was an explosion of
brightest and nearest star of Earth
concentrated matter in the universe
(only star of our Solar System).
that occurred 13.8 billion years ago,
• It makes up for about 99.86 % of the
leading to the formation of galaxies
total mass of the Solar System.
of stars and other heavenly bodies. Infinitely hot and dense single Fig 4: Solar System
• Origin of Big Bang Theory (also point exploded
known as Big Bang Explosion) was
Fig 1: Accelerated expansion Copernicus Theory (1543)
given by George Lemaitre in 1931.
• It predicted that the Sun is at the center of the universe, with the Earth

&
of the Universe
and other planets orbiting around it.
Steady State Theory
• It was given by Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi, and Thomas Gold.
CELESTIAL BODIES
• This theory proposes that the universe is constantly expanding, but its
average properties remain unchanged.
• Celestial bodies are objects in space that glow in the night sky, such as
planets, stars, moons, asteroids, comets, and galaxies.
Galaxy
They are classified into:
• A galaxy is a massive collection of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter held
together by gravity. Luminous: Those celestial bodies that emit their own light.

• Our galaxy is Milky Way Galaxy (or E.g. Stars

the Akash Ganga) formed after the Big Non-luminous: Those celestial bodies that do not emit their own

Bang. light.

• Andromeda is the nearest galaxy to the E.g. Moon, Comets, Asteroids, Meteorites, Meteor, Meteoroid

Milky Way.
Comets
• Comets are large, icy objects that orbit the Sun. They are made of dust,
Orion arm/Orion spur
Origin of Solar System rock, and frozen gases like water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane.
where our Solar System
• The formation of Solar System began • Halley’s Comet: It is seen every 76 years. It was last seen in 1986 and is
is located
4.8 Billion years ago. expected to return in 2061.
• The process started when a cloud of gas Fig 2: Milky Way galaxy

and dust collapsed, forming a spinning disk Asteroid

called the solar Nebula. • An asteroid is a rocky, metallic, or icy object that orbits the Sun.
• Gravity pulled material to the center, forming
the Sun, while the rest flattened into a spinning Meteoroid
disk. Dust and gas clumped into planetesimals, ·
• A meteoroid is a small, rocky or metallic space rock that orbits the sun.
which merged to form planets. The Meteoroids are much smaller than asteroids, ranging in size from dust
Sun formed in the center, and the planets formed grains to objects up to a meter wide.
in a thin disk orbiting around it → It is the
Fusion of Hydrogen
most widely accepted hypothesis. Meteor
nuclei
• When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere (in Mesosphere), it burns
Fig 3: Solar System
Planetesimal Theory of Origin of Solar System up and creates a streak of light called a meteor (also known as Shooting
formation from Nebula
• Proposed by: Thomas Chowder Chamberlin Star).
• Meteor shower name Quadrantids is visible in
and Forest Ray Moulton in 1905
the early month of January.
Meteorite
• If the meteoroid survives its trip through the atmosphere, it hits the
ground and is called a meteorite.

PARMAR SSC 1 GEOGRAPHY