Chapter 7

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Sub-topics Cell division: Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis and their significance.

CELL CYCLE
The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises the other cell constituents and
eventually divides into two daughter cells is called cell cycle. Events of cell cycle are under genetic control.
The total duration of cell cycle varies from organism to organism and also from cell type to cell type.
e.g., human cells divide once in 24 hours and yeast cell divides in 90 minutes.
Cell cycle involves processess like cell growth, DNA replication and cell division. Cell growth in terms of
increase in cytoplasm, is a continuous process, but DNA replication occurs only during, S-phase of the cell
cycle.
The cell cycle is divided into two basic phases :
(A) Interphase :
Interphase is the phase between two successive cell divisions. It is metabolically very active phase,
because of biosynthesis of a number of molecules. It generally covers over 95% of the total duration of
cell cycle. Though it is called resting phase, but it is the time when the cell is preparing for cell division
by undergoing cell growth and DNA replication.
It is divided into the following sub stages :
(i) G1 phase or first growth phase or post-mitotic phase :
It is the longest phase of interphase where maximum increase in the cell size occurs. In this
phase, there is active synthesis of RNA and proteins.
Most of the organelles duplicate in this phase :
Some cells in the adult animals do not appear to exhibit division (e.g., heart cells) and many other
cells divide only occasionally, as and when required to replace cells that have been lost because
of injury or cell death. These cells do not divide further and exit G1 phase to enter an inactive stage
called quiescent stage (G0) of the cell cycle. Cells in this stage remain metabolically active, but no
longer proliferate unless called on to do so. Hence, this exit from cell cycle may be temporary or
permanent.
(ii) In the S-phase (synthesis phase), DNA molecule of each chromosome replicates by the synthesis
of a new DNA molecule on the template of the existing DNA. The cell retains the original diploid
(2n) chromosome number but now has duplicate set of genes. The cell has double the amount (4C)
of DNA present in the original diploid cell (2n).
Synthesis of histone proteins also occurs. Duplication of centriole occurs here.

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
NEET Cell Cycle and Cell Division 107
(iii) G2 phase : Second growth phase or pre-mitotic gap phase.
In this phase duplication of mitochondria, chloroplast occurs. The spindle proteins (tubulin) are
also synthesised. Synthesis of RNA and proteins continues.

(B) M-Phase : It represents the most dramatic phase, when the actual cell division or mitosis occurs. It
starts with the nuclear division, corresponding to the separation of daughter chromosomes
(Karyokinesis) and usually ends with division of cytoplasm (Cytokinesis). In the 24 hour average
duration of cell cycle of a human cell, cell division, i.e., M-phase proper lasts for only about an hour.

Fig. : A diagrammatic view of cell cycle indicating formation of two cells from one cell

I. MITOSIS
The exact replication of a parent cell into two daughter cells that are identical to each other as well as their
parent cell is called mitosis.
It consists of the following four sub stages :

1. Prophase
(i) Prophase is the longest phase of M-phase. Prophase is marked by the initiation of condensation
of chromosomal material.
(ii) Early prophase is also called spireme or ball of wool stage. The chromosomes shorten and thicken.
The nuclear membrane and nucleoli degenerate and each chromosome is composed of two
chromatids in late prophase.
(iii) Centriole which had undergone duplication during interphase starts to move towards opposite poles.
Initiation of assembly of mitotic spindle.
(iv) In early prophase, there is the formation of asters whereby, each centriole pair is surrounded with
clear cytoplasm from which aster rays arise.
(v) Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum disappear at the end of prophase.

2. Metaphase

(i) The chromosomes move towards the equatorial line, this movement is called as congression. The
chromosomes are lined in one metaphasic plate or equatorial plate.

(ii) The chromosome morphology is best studied at this stage, as the chromosomes condensation
is completed.

(iii) Each chromosome attaches to the spindle fibres at centromere in regions called kinetochore.

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
108 Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET

3. Anaphase
(i) It is the shortest phase.
(ii) The centromere divides such that each chromatid comes to possess its own centromeres.
(iii) Sister chromatids of a chromosome separate.
(iv) The movement of chromatids towards the opposite poles is brought about by shortening of spindle
fibres attached to centromere (by disassembly at poles).
(v) Shape of chromosomes can be best studied in this stage (V, L, J, I).

4. Telophase
(i) It is the reverse of prophase.
(ii) A new nuclear membrane is formed around each set of chromosome at opposite poles by ER.
(iii) Chromosomes at the opposite poles lose their identity as discrete elements.
(iv) Nucleolus, ER and Golgi complex are reformed.

Cytokinesis
In animal cell, it occurs by cleavage furrow in centripetal manner. When nuclear division takes place without
cytoplasmic division it results in the formation of coenocyte or syncytium.
In plant cells, cytokinesis is achieved by cell plate formation in centrifugal manner. Phragmoplast helps
in cell plate formation. The phragmoplasts are vesicles budded out from golgi apparatus, rich in pectin and
form middle lamella.

Transition to
Early Prophase Metaphase

Late Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A diagrammatic view of stages in Mitosis

 In animal cells, mitosis is called amphiastral (Spindle is associated with 2 asters).

 In plant cells, the mitosis is called anastral (no aster, no centriole).

 The nuclear membrane disappears, the mitosis is eumitosis or extranuclear.

 If mitosis is intranuclear, it is called premitosis. If centrioles are present then it is called centric.

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
NEET Cell Cycle and Cell Division 109
Significance of Mitosis :
1. In mitosis, DNA duplicates in a cell and the daughter cells inherit an identical gene composition and
contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
2. Somatic cells of a multicellular organism arise from a single cell by mitotic divisions. Body growth of a
multicellular organism and replacement of its lost cells are accomplished through mitosis. Blood cells,
intestinal cells and skin cells are regularly replaced in large numbers by mitosis of respective parent
cells.Thus, cell repair is a very significant contribution of mitosis.
3. It is a method of restoring nucleocytoplasmic ratio as cell growth results in disturbing the ratio between
nucleus and cytoplasm.
4. Mitosis in meristems like apical and lateral cambium results in a continuous growth of plants throughout
their life.

II. MEIOSIS (Reductional Division)

It occurs in the germ cells during the formation of the gametes. Meiosis was first demonstrated by Van
Benden and first described by Winiwarter. Term meiosis was given by Farmer and Moore.
Meiosis comprises of two successive divisions, Meiosis-I and Meiosis-II and finally results in the formation
of four daughter cells.

Meiosis-I
Meiosis-I is also called reduction division or heterotypic division as the chromosome number is halved
in this division. It is divided into four stages viz., prophase-I, metaphase-I, anaphase-I and telophase-I.
1. Prophase-I
It is further sub-divided into five sub-stages.
(i) Leptotene
(ii) Zygotene
(iii) Pachytene
(iv) Diplotene
(v) Diakinesis
In prophase-I, diplotene stage is the longest sub-stage and chiasmata are best observed. They were first
observed by Janssen.
(i) Leptotene (Bouquet stage)
During this sub-stage, aster formation takes place. The ends of all the chromosomes are directed
towards one side and are attached to the nuclear membrane by attachment plate. Progressive
condensation and coiling of chromatin fibres take place, darkly staining bodies appear on
chromosomes called chromomeres.
(ii) Zygotene / Synaptic stage
In this stage, pairing of homologous chromosomes takes place due to the formation of
synaptonemal complex. Paired homologous chromosomes are called bivalents. The number of
bivalents in a cell is equal to haploid number of chromosomes.
(iii) Pachytene
The chromosomes become still shorter and thicker. At this stage, two sister chromatids of each
homologue become visible and the bivalent thus, becomes a tetrad with four chromatids. Genetic
material is exchanged between non-sister chromatids (of the homologues) by breakage and rejoining.
The process is called as crossing over.
At this stage, large recombination nodules appear at intervals on the synaptonemal complex.
These recombination nodules help in chromosome recombination.

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
110 Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET

(iv) Diplotene

Longest phase of prophase-I. There is dissolution of synaptonemal complex, so the homologous

chromosomes will start separating i.e., desynapsis. The separation of the homologous chromosomes
is not completed. They remain attached at one or more points where crossing over has occurred.
These points of attachment are called as Chiasmata. In oocytes, the diplotene can last for months
or years and at this stage the chromosomes decondense and are engaged in the rapid synthesis of
RNA. Suspended diplotene stage in oocytes is called dictyotene stage. Terminalisation of
chiasma starts.

(v) Diakinesis

Disappearance of nuclear membrane and nucleolus. Terminalisation of chiasmata is completed.

Chromosomes are freely distributed in the cytoplasm. RNA synthesis stops.

2. Metaphase-I

In this stage, the homologous chromosomes or bivalents are arranged on the equatorial plane in two
metaphasic plates. Each metaphasic plate will have half the total number of chromosomes.

3. Anaphase-I

The two chromosomes of each bivalent separate from one another leading to disjunction and
subsequent movement to opposite poles. There is no division of the centromere. Thus, only one
chromosome of each homologous pair reaches each pole. Consequently, the nucleus of each daughter
cell gets only half the number (haploid) of chromosomes present in the original cell.

4. Telophase-I

Nuclear envelope is formed around the chromosomes at each pole by ER, followed by cytokinesis.
Therefore, this stage is called diad of cells.

Interkinesis or Intrameiotic Interphase

A short interphase may intervene between meiosis-I and meiosis-II. Duplication of centrioles and synthesis
of proteins occurs. However, replication of DNA does not occur in this phase, because the cells are haploid
but the DNA content is still 2C.

Meiosis-II
It is similar to mitosis and is also called equational division or homotypic division. It consists of four sub-
stages viz., prophase-II, metaphase-II, anaphase-II and telophase-II.

Cytokinesis occurs and two nuclei are separated. The products of meiosis of a diploid cell are four haploid
daughter cells (gametes).

Significance of Meiosis :

1. In sexual reproduction, haploid male and female gametes are produced. During fertilization, one male
gamete (sperm) fuses with a female gamete (egg). Nuclear fusion restores the original diploid
chromosome number in the zygote, which gives rise to the offspring. This mechanism ensures the
maintenance of the same chromosome number characteristic of the species from generation to
generation.

2. The crossing over of chromosomes in meiosis leads to the production of four daughter cells, differing
slightly from one another, as also from the parent cell in their genetic constitution. Thus, meiosis results
in variations of genetic character in the offspring.
Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
NEET Cell Cycle and Cell Division 111

J. germ cells

Different stages of Meiosis

Number of mitotic divisions for the formation of n number of cells.

1. n–1
Example: For getting 100 cells 99 mitotic divisions are required.
n
2. Number of generations (n) of mitosis for producing ‘x’ cells. x=2

n
3. Number of meiosis for the formation of ‘n’ seeds/grains/zygotes. n
4

‰‰‰

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
 6. The synthesis of spindle proteins called tubulin
SECTION - A
occur during
Objective Type Questions
(1) G1-phase
1. The cell cycle of a somatic cell usually consists of
all the following, except (2) S-phase

(1) The first part of interphase is called (3) G2-phase

G 1 phase. During this, there is maximum (4) M-phase
increase in cell size and there is active
synthesis of RNA and proteins 7. If mitotic division is restricted in G1 phase of cell,
the condition is knows as
(2) In synthesis phase the DNA molecule of each
chromosome replicates by synthesis of a new (1) G2 phase (2) S-phase
DNA molecule (3) G0 phase (4) M-phase
(3) During G2 phase a cell contains double the 8. Condensation of chromosome with visible
amount of DNA (4C) present in the original centromere occurs during
diploid cell (2n)
(1) G1 phase (2) S phase
(4) The cell cycle consists of a short interphase
and long M-phase (3) G2 phase (4) M phase

2. Which of the following is most important point in 9. The duration of cell cycle in yeast cell is
the regulation of cell cycle during which it must (1) 90 minutes
decide whether the cell will start a new cycle or
(2) 90 seconds
will become arrested in G0 phase?
(3) 24 hours
(1) S-phase (2) G1-phase
(4) 24 minutes
(3) G2-phase (4) Interphase
10. Phase of cell cycle when DNA polymerase is
3. Histone protein synthesis occurs during
active
(1) G1-phase (2) G2-phase
(1) G1
(3) S-phase (4) Prophase
(2) S
4. The sequence of cell cycle is
(3) G2
(1) S, M, G1 and G2
(4) M
(2) G1, G2, S and M
11. During cell cycle, two molecules of DNA are
(3) M, G1, G2 and S present in chromosome during
(4) G1, S, G2 and M (1) G1 phase
5. During cell cycle DNA replicates (2) Beginning of S phase
(1) Once (2) Twice (3) G2 phase
(3) Many times (4) Not at all (4) End of M-Phase

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
NEET Cell Cycle and Cell Division 113
12. Identify the meiotic stage in which the homologous 18. During cell division in apical meristem, the nuclear
chromosomes separate while the sister chromatids membrane appears in
remain associated at their centromeres.
(1) Telophase (2) Cytokinesis
(1) Metaphase I
(3) Metaphase (4) Anaphase
(2) Metaphase II
19. The cell would normally proceed to mitosis
(3) Anaphase I without interruption
(4) Anaphase II (1) When it has entered S phase
13. Select the correct option with respect to mitosis. (2) Once it has entered G1 phase
(1) Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and (3) At any time during cell activity
get aligned along equatorial plate in metaphase
(4) Irrespective of any phase
(2) Chromatids separate but remain in the centre
20. If you are provided with root-tips of onion in your
of the cell in anaphase
class and are asked to count the chromosomes,
(3) Chromatids start moving towards opposite which of the following stages can you most
poles in telophase conveniently consider?
(4) Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are (1) Metaphase (2) Telophase
still visible at the end of prophase
(3) Anaphase (4) Prophase
14. The chromosome morphology is best studied
during 21. Term 'meiosis' was coined by

(1) Prophase (1) Flemming (2) Farmer and Moore

(2) Metaphase, as the chromosomes are most (3) Strasburger (4) Hofmeister
condensed 22. All are the essential stages that take place during
(3) Anaphase, as the chromosomes are most meiosis, except
condensed (1) Two successive divisions without any DNA
(4) Telophase replication occuring between them

15. Each chromosome at the anaphase stage of a (2) Formation of chiasmata and crossing over
bone marrow cell in our body has (3) Segregation of homologous chromosomes
(1) Two chromatids (4) Number of chromosomes in daughter cells
(2) Several chromatids after meiosis II is reduced to half but the
amount of DNA remains the same
(3) No chromatids
23. Mitosis differs from meiosis in not having
(4) Only one chromatid
(1) Duplication of DNA
16. Higher plants differ from animals in having
(2) Prophase
(1) Spindle microtubule
(3) Interphase
(2) Anastral mitosis
(4) Synapsis and crossing over
(3) Kinetochores
24. Recombination nodules which mediate in
(4) Disappearance of nucleolus during prophase chromosome recombination occur during
17. Nuclear envelope disappears at (1) Zygotene (2) Diplotene
(1) Late metaphase (3) Diakinesis (4) Pachytene
(2) Anaphase 25. Crossing over occurs during

(3) Early prophase (1) Pachytene (2) Diplotene

(4) Late prophase (3) Diakinesis (4) Zygotene

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
114 Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET

26. During gamete formation, the enzyme 35. If egg of an organisms has 10 pg of DNA in its
recombinase participates during nucleus. How much DNA would a diploid cell of
(1) Prophase-I (2) Prophase-II same organism have in G2 phase of meiosis?
(3) Metaphase-I (4) Anaphase-II (1) 10 pg (2) 5 pg
27. In oocytes, which of the following phase can last (3) 20 pg (4) 40 pg
for months or years, since it is at this stage the 36. Minimum number of meiotic divisions required to
chromosomes decondense and are engaged in produce 100 wheat grains are
RNA synthesis? (1) 400 (2) 125
(1) Diakinesis (2) Diplotene (3) 200 (4) 25
(3) Pachytene (4) Leptolene 37. How many generations are required by a cell of
meristem to produce 128 cells?
28. Nuclear membrane, nucleoli are distinctly seen in
(1) 127 (2) 64
(1) Late prophase (2) Metaphase
(3) 32 (4) 7
(3) Anaphase (4) Interphase
38. To produce 102 pollen grains, how many meiotic
29. In the meiotic cell division, 56 daughter cells are divisions are required?
produced by two successive divisions in which
(1) 25 (2) 25.5
(1) First division is equational, second is
(3) 26 (4) 27
reductional
39. Which of the following structure will not be
(2) First division is reductional, and second is common to mitotic cell of a higher plant?
equational
(1) Centriole (2) Spindle fibre
(3) Both divisions are reductional
(3) Cell plate (4) Centromere
(4) Both divisions are equational 40. Crossing over in diploid organism is responsible
30. Number of chromosomes in primary oocyte is for
(1) Same as that of secondary oocyte (1) Segregation of alleles
(2) Half as that of secondary oocyte (2) Gene recombination
(3) Double as that of secondary oocyte (3) Dominance of genes
(4) Same as that of ovum (4) Linkage between genes

31. Terminalization is related to SECTION - B

(1) Diakinesis (2) Zygotene Previous Years Questions
(3) Leptotene (4) Pachytene 1. Given below is the representation of a certain
32. Meiosis involves event at a particular stage of a type of cell division.
(1) One nuclear division and one chromosome Which is this stage? [AIPMT 2012]
division
(2) Two nuclear divisions and one chromosome
division
(3) One nuclear division and two chromosome
divisions
(4) Two nuclear divisions and two chromosome
divisions
(1) Prophase of Mitosis
33. The movement of homologous chromosomes
towards opposite poles occur by diassembly of (2) Both prophase and metaphase of mitosis
spindle fibres during (3) Prophase I during meiosis
(1) Anaphase (2) Anaphase-I (4) Prophase II during meiosis
(3) Anaphase-II (4) Metaphase 2. During gamete formation, the enzyme
34. In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs by recombinase participates during [AIPMT 2012]
(1) Cell plate formation (2) Invagination (1) Prophase-I (2) Prophase-II
(3) Cleavage (4) Furrowing (3) Metaphase-I (4) Anaphase-II

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
NEET Cell Cycle and Cell Division 115
3. Identify the meiotic stage in which the homologous 8. The enzyme recombinase is required at which
chromosomes separate while the sister chromatids stage of meiosis? [AIPMT 2014]
remain associated at their centromeres. (1) Pachytene (2) Zygotene
[AIPMT 2012]
(3) Diplotene (4) Diakinesis
(1) Metaphase I (2) Metaphase II
9. Select the correct option [AIPMT-2015]
(3) Anaphase I (4) Anaphase II
Column I Column II
4. A stage in cell division is shown in the figure.
a. Synapsis aligns (i) Anaphase-II
Select the answer which gives correct identification
homologous chromosomes
of the stage with its characteristics. [NEET 2013]
b. Synthesis of RNA (ii) Zygotene
and protein
c. Action of enzyme (iii) G2-phase
recombinase
d. Centromeres do not (iv) Anaphase-I
separate but chromatids
move towards opposite
poles
(v) Pachytene
(1) Late Chromosomes move away (1) a(ii), b(iii), c(iv), d(v) (2) a(ii), b(i), c(iii), d(iv)
Anaphase from equatorial plate, golgi
(3) a(ii), b(iii), c(v), d(iv) (4) a(i), b(ii), c(v), d(iv)
complex not present.
10. Arrange the following events of meiosis in correct
(2) Cytokinesis Cell plate formed, sequence : [Re-AIPMT-2015]
mitochondria distributed
(a) Crossing over
between two daughter
cells. (b) Synapsis

(3) Telophase Endoplasmic reticulum (c) Terminalisation of chiasmata

and nucleolus not (d) Disappearance of nucleolus
reformed yet. (1) (b), (c), (d), (a) (2) (b), (a), (d), (c)
(4) Telophase Nuclear envelop reforms, (3) (b), (a), (c), (d) (4) (a), (b), (c), (d)
golgi complex reforms.
11. In meiosis crossing over is initiated at
5. The complex formed by a pair of synapsed [NEET-2016]
homologous chromosomes is called (1) Diplotene (2) Pachytene
[NEET 2013]
(3) Leptotene (4) Zygotene
(1) Kinetochore (2) Bivalent
12. Spindle fibres attach on to: [NEET-2016]
(3) Axoneme (4) Equatorial plate
(1) Kinetosome of the chromosome
6. During which phase(s) of cell cycle, amount of DNA
in a cell remains at 4C level if the initial amount is (2) Telomere of the chromosome
denoted as 2C? [AIPMT 2014] (3) Kinetochore of the chromosome
(1) G0 and G1 (4) Centromere of the chromosome
(2) G1 and S 13. A cell at telophase stage is observed by a student
(3) Only G2 in a plant brought from the field. He tells his
(4) G2 and M teacher that this cell is not like other cells at
telophase stage. There is no formation of cell plate
7. In 'S' phase of the cell cycle [AIPMT 2014]
and thus the cell is containing more number of
(1) Amount of DNA doubles in each cell chromosomes as compared to other dividing cells.
(2) Amount of DNA remains same in each cell This would result in [NEET-2016]
(3) Chromosome number is increased (1) Polyteny (2) Aneuploidy
(4) Amount of DNA is reduced to half in each cell (3) Polyploidy (4) Somaclonal variation

Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
116 Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET

14. Which of the following is not a characteristic feature 19. Anaphase promoting complex (APC) is a protein
during mitosis in somatic cells? [NEET-2016] degradation machinery necessary for proper
(1) Synapsis mitosis of animal cells. If APC is defective in a
human cell, which of the following is expected to
(2) Spindle fibres occur? [NEET-2017]
(3) Disappearance of nucleolus (1) Chromosomes will not condense
(4) Chromosome movement (2) Chromosomes will be fragmented
15. During cell growth, DNA synthesis takes place in (3) Chromosomes will not segregate
[NEET (Phase-2) 2016] (4) Recombination of chromosome arms will occur
(1) S phase (2) G1 phase 20. The stage during which separation of the paired
(3) G2 phase (4) M phase homologous chromosomes begins is
16. When cell has stalled DNA replication fork, which [NEET-2018]
checkpoint should be predominantly activated? (1) Pachytene (2) Diplotene
[NEET (Phase-2) 2016] (3) Zygotene (4) Diakinesis
(1) G1 / S (2) G2 / M 21. The correct sequence of phases of cell cycle is:
(3) M (4) Both G2 / M and M [NEET-2019]
17. Match the stages of meiosis of Column-I to their (1) M  G1  G2  S (2) G1  G2  S  M
characteristic features in Column-II and select the (3) S  G1  G2  M (4) G1  S  G2  M
correct option using the codes given below: 22. Cell in G0 phase : [NEET - 2019]
Column-I Column-II (1) exit the cell cycle
a. Pachytene (i) Pairing of homologous (2) enter the cell cycle
chromosomes
(3) suspend the cell cycle
b. Metaphase I (ii) Terminalization of
(4) terminate the cell cycle
chiasmata
23. Crossing over takes place between which
c. Diakinesis (iii) Crossing-over takes place
chromatids and in which stage of the cell cycle ?
d. Zygotene (iv) Chromosomes align at [NEET-2019 (Odisha)]
equatorial plate
(1) Non-sister chromatids of non-homologous
[NEET (Phase-2) 2016] chromosomes at Pachytene stage of
(1) a(iii), b(iv), c(ii), d(i) (2) a(i), b(iv), c(ii), d(iii) prophase I
(3) a(ii), b(iv), c(iii), d(i) (4) a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i) (2) Non-sister chromatids of non-homologous
18. Which of the following options gives the correct chromosomes at Zygotene stage of prophase I
sequence of events during mitosis? (3) Non-sister chromatids of homologous
chromosomes at Pachytene stage of
[NEET-2017]
prophase I
(1) Condensation  nuclear membrane
(4) Non-sister chromatids of homologous
disassembly  crossing over  segregation
chromosomes at Zygotene stage of prophase I
 telophase
24. After meiosis I, the resultant daughter cells have
(2) Condensation  nuclear membrane
disassembly  arrangement at equator  [NEET-2019 (Odisha)]
centromere division  segregation  (1) four times the amount of DNA in comparison
telophase to haploid gamete.
(3) Condensation  crossing over  nuclear (2) same amount of DNA as in the parent cell in
membrane disassembly  segregation  S phase.
telophase (3) twice the amount of DNA in comparison to
(4) Condensation  arrangement at equator  haploid gamete.
centromere division  segregation  (4) same amount of DNA in comparison to haploid
telophase gamete.

‰ ‰ ‰
Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456