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DSP Unit 3 2marks

The document discusses FIR filters in digital signal processing, detailing their types based on impulse response (IIR and FIR) and frequency response (lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop). It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters, distinguishes between FIR and IIR filters, and describes various design techniques for FIR filters, including the Fourier series method and windowing technique. Additionally, it covers linear phase response, applications of symmetrical and antisymmetrical impulse responses, and characteristics of windows used in filter design.

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2 views3 pages

DSP Unit 3 2marks

The document discusses FIR filters in digital signal processing, detailing their types based on impulse response (IIR and FIR) and frequency response (lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop). It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters, distinguishes between FIR and IIR filters, and describes various design techniques for FIR filters, including the Fourier series method and windowing technique. Additionally, it covers linear phase response, applications of symmetrical and antisymmetrical impulse responses, and characteristics of windows used in filter design.

Uploaded by

arunrama431
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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16ECT52 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

UNIT 3 FIR FILTERS


2 Mark Questions

1. What are the different types of filters based on Impulse response?


Based on impulse response, filters are of two type.
1. IIR filter
2. FIR filter
 The IIR filters are of recursive type, whereby the present output sample depends on
the present input, past input samples and output samples.
 The FIR filters are of non-recursive type, whereby the present output sample depends
on the present input samples and past input samples.

2. What are the different types of filters based on frequency response?


The filters can be classified based on frequency response. They are
1. Lowpass filter
2. Highpass filter
3. Bandpass filter
4. Bandstop filter (or) Bandreject filter

3. List down the desirable and undesirable features of FIR filters. (or) What are the
advantages and disadvantages of FIR filter?
Advantage:
1. FIR filters have exactly linear phase
2. FIR filters are always stable
3. FIR filters can be realized in both recursive and non-recursive structure
Disadvantage:
1. For the same filter specifications, the order of FIR filter design can be high as 5 to 10
times that of an IIR filter.
2. Large storage requirements needed.
3. Powerful computational facilities required for the implementation.

4. Distinguish between FIR and IIR filters.


S.No. FIR Filter IIR Filter
1 FIR filters can be easily designed to have IIR filters do not have linear phase.
perfectly linear phase.
2 FIR filters can be realized recursively IIR filters are easily realized recursively.
and non-recursively.
3 Greater flexibility to control the shape of Less flexibility, usually limited to specific
their magnitude response. kind of filters.
4 Errors due to roundoff noise are less in The round off noise in IIR filters are more.
FIR filters, mainly because feedback is
not used.
5. What are the techniques of designing FIR filters? (or) List the well known design
technique for linear phase FIR filter design.
There are four well-known methods for designing FIR filters with linear phase.
They are
1. Fourier series method
2. Windowing technique
3. Frequency sampling technique
4. Optimal or minimax design

6. What do you understand by linear phase response?


For a linear phase filter θ(ω)∝ ω, the linear phase filter does not alter the shape of the
original signal. If the phase response of the filter is non-linear, then the output signal may be
distorted one. In many cases, a linear phase characteristics is required throughout the passband of
the filter to preserve the shape of the given signal within the passband.

7. For what kind of applications, the antisymmetrical impulse response can be used?
The antisymmetrical impulse response can be used to design Hilbert transformers and
differentiators.

8. For what kind of applications, the symmetrical impulse response can be used?
 The impulse response, which is symmetric having odd number of samples can be used to
design all types of filters i.e., lowpass, highpass, bandpass and bandstop filters.
 The symmetric impulse response having even number of samples can be used to design
lowpass and bandpass filter.

9. What are the disadvantages of Fourier series method?


In designing FIR filter using Fourier series method, the infinite duration impulse response

is truncated at n=± (
N−1
2 ). Direct truncation of the series will lead to fixed percentage

overshoots and undershoots before and after an approximated discontinuity in the frequency
response.

10. What is Gibbs phenomenon (or) Gibbs oscilllation?


One possible way for finding an FIR filter that approximates H (e jω ) would be to truncate

the infinite Fourier series at n=±(N−1


2 )
. Abrupt truncation of the series will lead to oscillation

both in passband and in stopband. This phenomenon is known as Gibbs phenomenon.

11. What are the desirable characteristics of the window?


The desirable characteristics of the window are
1. The central lobe of the frequency response of the window should contain most of the
energy and should be narrow.
2. The highest side lobe level of the frequency response should be small.
3. The side lobes of the frequency response should decrease in energy rapidly as ω tends to
π.

12. Mention some realization methods available to realize FIR filter.


1. Direct form (or) transversal
2. Cascade realization
3. Linear phase realization

13. List the necessary and sufficient condition for the linear phase characteristic of a FIR
filter.
The necessary and sufficient condition for linear phase characteristic in FIR filter is, the
impulse h(n) of the system should have the symmetrical property i.e.
h ( n )=± h ( N −1−n ) .
Where N is the duration of the sequence.

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