1. The moisture content of the soil when the gravitational water has been removed.

2. It is the ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an equal volume of
water.
3. These are pipelines built on or near the ground surface to convey water across
wide depressions?
4. Subsurface drain system wherein laterals join the submain on both sides
alternately
5. Darcy’s law states that the flow of water through a porous medium is?
6. It is the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of the soil.
7. It is the water retained about individual soil particles by molecular action and can
be removed only by heating.
8. It refers to the composite parts of the irrigation system that divert water from
natural bodies of water such as rivers, streams and lakes
9. It is a measure of the amount of water that the soil will retain against a tension of
15 atmospheres.
10. The International Soil Science Society describes sand as a soil particle with a
diameter of
11. The localized lowering of the static or piezometric water level due to pumping.
12. Any convenient level surface coincident or parallel with mean sea level to which
elevations of a particular area are referred
13. It is a geologic formation which transmits water at a rate insufficient to be
economically developed for pumping.
14. It is the ratio of the dry weight of the soil to the weight of the water with volume
equal to the soil bulk volume.
15. It accounts for the losses in an irrigation system from the water source and prior
to delivery of water into the field ditches.
16. A geologic formation that contains water but do not have the capacity to transmit
it.
17. What is the recommended value for standing water during land preparation.
18. Farm water requirement minus the application losses is the.
19. This results from overlapping radii of influence of neighboring wells.
20. In furrow irrigation, the rate of water application should be ____ the intake rate of
the soil.
21. The International Soil Science Society describes sand as a soil particle with a
diameter of
22. The localized lowering of the static or piezometric water level due to pumping
23. Irrigation method is used for row crops wherein only a part of the surface is
wetted
24. It refers to the composite parts of the irrigation system that divert water from
natural bodies of water such as rivers, streams and lakes
25. It is a measure of the amount of water that the soil will retain against a tension of
15 atmospheres
26. The infiltration equation based on the exhaustion process is the
27. The amount of drainage water to be removed per unit time per unit area is the
28. A mathematical expression for the macroscopic flow of water through a porous
system
29. It is the soil moisture constant describing the amount of moisture retained by the
soil against a suction pressure of 1/3 atmosphere
30. Run-off is the difference between the gross depth of irrigation water and the
31. It is the type of sprinkler irrigation system where the number of laterals installed
is equal to the total number of lateral positions
32. In a drip system, the allowable pressure variation in a lateral with minimum and
average head of 1.51 and 1.38 meters, respectively is
33. In surface irrigation, the ratio between the gross amount of irrigation water and
the net requirement of the crop is the
34. It is an orderly sequence of planting crop in an area for a 365-day period
35. In furrow irrigation, it is the difference between the depth of water that infiltrated
and the net depth requirement
36. In-line canal structure designed to convey canal water from a higher level to a
lower level, duly dissipating the excess energy resulting from the drop in
elevation
37. Amount of rainwater that falls directly on the field and is used by the crop for
growth and development excluding deep percolation, surface runoff and
interception
38. Applicator used in drip, subsurface, or bubbler irrigation designed to dissipate
pressure and to discharge a small uniform flow or trickle of water at a constant
rate that does not vary significantly because of minor differences in pressure
39. Closed conduit designed to convey canal water in full and under pressure
running condition, to convey canal water by gravity under roadways, railways,
drainage channels and local depressions
40. Amount of water required in lowland rice production which includes water losses
through evaporation, seepage and percolation and land soaking
41. Portion of the pipe network between the mainline and the laterals
42. Constant flow depth along a longitudinal section of a channel under a uniform
flow condition
43. Water flow that is conveyed in such a manner that top surface is exposed to the
atmosphere such as flow in canals, ditches, drainage channels, culverts, and
pipes under partially full flow conditions
44. Tube or shaft vertically set into the ground at a depth that is usually less than 15
m for the purpose of bringing groundwater into the soil surface whose pumps are
set above the water level
45. Ratio of the horizontal to vertical dimension of the channel wall
46. Slope of the water surface profile plus the velocity head in open channels
47. Slope of the free water surface in open channel
48. Occurs when flow has a constant water area, depth, discharge, and average
velocity through a reach of channel
49. Accounting of water inflows, such as irrigation and rainfall; and outflows, such as
evaporation, seepage and percolation.
50. Area which contributes runoff or drains water into the reservoir.
51. Diameter of the circular area wetted by the sprinkler when operating at a given
pressure and no wind.
52. Portion of the perimeter of the canal that is in contact with the flowing water.
53. Moisture left in the soil before the initial irrigation water delivery which describes
the extent of water depletion from the soil when the water supply has been cut-
off.
54. Pressure required to overcome the elevation difference between the water
source and the sprinkler nozzle, to counteract friction losses and to provide
adequate pressure at the nozzle for good water distribution.
55. An overflow structure built perpendicular to an open channel axis to measure the
rate of flow of water.
56. In-line structure with a geometrically specified constriction built in an open
channel such that the center line coincides with the center line of the channel in
which the flow is to be measured.
57. Measuring device with a well-defined, sharp edged opening in a wall through
which flow occurs such that the upstream water level is always well above the
top of this opening.
58. Application of water by gravity flow to the surface of the field.
59. Method of irrigation where water runs through small parallel channels as it moves
down the slope of the field.
60. Recommended slope for furrow irrigation method.
61. A mathematical expression for the macroscopic flow of water through a porous
system
62. It is the soil moisture constant describing the amount of moisture retained by the
soil against a suction pressure of 1/3 atmosphere
63. Run-off is the difference between the gross depth of irrigation water and the
64. It is the type of sprinkler irrigation system where the number of laterals installed
is equal to the total number of lateral positions
65. In a drip system, the allowable pressure variation in a lateral with minimum and
average head of 1.51 and 1.38 meters, respectively is
66. It is a surface irrigation system where the area is subdivided by dikes and water
flows over these dikes from one subdivision to another.
67. Distribution control structures placed across an irrigation ditch to block the flow
temporarily and to raise the upstream water level.
68. rate of evapotranspiration equal to or smaller than predicted ETcrop as affected
by the level of available soil water, salinity, field size or other causes
69. ratio of the average depth of irrigation water infiltrated and stored in the root zone
to the average depth of irrigation water applied
70. ratio between water received at the inlet for a block of fields to that released at
the project’s headwork
71. ratio of the actual crop evpotranspiration to its potential evapotranspiration
72. rate of evapotranspiration of a disease-free crop growing in a large field (one or
more ha) under optimal soil conditions, including sufficient water and fertilizer
and achieving full production potential of that crop under the given growing
environment; includes water loss through transpiration by the vegetation, and
evaporation from the soil surface and wet leaves
73. sequence of different crops grown in regular order on any particular field or fields
74. amount of water used in producing crops which is the sum of evapotranspiration
or consumptive use plus seepage and percolation losses
75. the total quantity of water diverted from a stream, lake, or reservoir, or removed
from the ground in order to irrigate a crop
76. amount of rainwater that falls directly on the field and is used by the crop for
growth and development excluding deep percolation, surface runoff and
interception
77. soil depth from which the bulk of the roots of the crop extracts most of the water
needed for evapotranspiration
78. combination of water transpired from vegetation and evaporated from the soil,
water, and plant surfaces.
79. amount of water to replenish the crop water requirement and losses less the
effective rainfall
80. estimation of the chance or likelihood of occurrence of a given event by
determining the frequency curves of best fit to samples of hydrologic data
81. amount of water required in lowland rice production which includes water losses
through evaporation, seepage and percolation and land soaking
82. amount of water required in lowland rice production which is a function of the
initial soil moisture and the physical properties of the soil
83. ratio between reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and water loss by evaporation
from an open water surface of a pan
84. rate of water loss by evaporation from an open water surface of a pan
85. vertical flow of water to below the root zone which is affected by soil structure,
texture, bulk density, mineralogy, organic matter content, salt type and
concentration
86. rate of evapotranspiration from a reference surface which is a hypothetical
reference crop with an assumed crop height of 0.2 m, a fixed surface resisteance
of 70 s/m and an albedo of 0.23.
87. moisture left in the soil before the initial irrigation water delivery which describes
the extent of water depletion from the soil when the water supply has been cut-off
88. water escaping below or out from water conveyance facilities such as open
ditches, canals, natural channels, and waterway
89. field that is level in all directions, encompassed by a dike to prevent runoff, and
provides an undirected flow of water onto the field
90. type of surface irrigation where water is applied to the basin through a gap in the
perimeter dike or adjacent ditch as shown in Figure 1; water is retained until it
infiltrates into the soil or the excess is drained off.
91. method of irrigation which makes use of parallel border strips where the water
flows down the slope at a nearly uniform depth
92. area of land bounded by two border ridges or dikes that guide the irrigation
stream from the inlet point of application to the ends of the strip
93. small parallel channels, made to carry water in order to irrigate the crop
94. method of irrigation where water runs through small parallel channels as it moves
down the slope of the field
95. small channel along one part of a field that is used for distributing water in
surface irrigation
96. application of water by gravity flow to the surface of the field. Either the entire
field is flooded (basin irrigation) or the water is fed into small channels (furrows)
or strips of land (borders)
97. Water applied to an individual basin and all of that applied water is allowed to
infiltrate.
98. Each basin is irrigated separately by a supply channel running along the
boundary with a number of adjacent basins
99. Ratio of horizontal to vertical dimension of the channel wall
100. Portion of the perimeter of the canal that is in contact with the flowing
water
101. It is the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of the soil.
102. geologic formation which contains water and transmits it at a rate sufficient
to be economically developed for pumping with a well
103. aquifer where groundwater is confined or overlain by a relatively
impermeable layer
104. particle diameter corresponding to a 10% sieve passing
105. pumping of water from a fully developed well at a controlled rate and
observing, with respect to time, the drawdown in two or more observation wells,
in order to determine the aquifer hydrologic properties
106. tube or shaft vertically set into the ground at a depth that is usually less
than 15 m for the purpose of bringing groundwater into the soil surface with the
use of suction lift pumps
107. aquifer which has water table serving as upper surface of the zone of
saturation
108. ratio of the particle size at 60% passing to that at 10% passing
109. a record of formation stratification of an aquifer showing the depth,
thickness, lithology and other aquifer physical characteristics
110. average sprinkler pressure of a lateral
111. pressure required to overcome the elevation difference between the water source and
the sprinkler nozzle, to counteract friction losses and to provide adequate pressure at the nozzle
for good water distribution
112. numerical value on the uniformity of application for agricultural irrigation systems
113. time required to cover an area with one application of water
114. method of applying irrigation water similar to natural rainfall where water is distributed
through a system of pipes by pumping and then sprayed into the air through sprinklers so that it
breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground
115. distance between two sprinkler heads along the lateral
116. diameter of the circular area wetted by the sprinkler when operating at a given pressure
and no wind
117. delivers water from the source to the pipe system at an adequate capacity
118. consists of screen openings considerably lower than the nozzle diameter to prevent
nozzles from clogging
119. device of various nozzle sizes which sprays water over the ground or crop. Different
types of sprinklers are shown in Annex A.
120. pipes which convey water from the pump to the laterals
121. deliver water from the mainlines or sub-main lines to the sprinklers
122. operate with sprinklers set in a fixed position
123. sprinklers that must be moved manually through a series of positions during the course
of irrigation
124. composed of portable or buried pipe with valve outlets at intervals for attaching the
portable laterals.
125. the lateral pipes are rigidly coupled and each joint of pipe is supported by a large wheel
where the lateral line forms the axle for the wheels. This is mechanically moved by an engine
mounted at the center of the line
126. consists of rigidly coupled lateral pipe connected to a buried mainline positioned in the
center of the field. Laterals are towed lengthwise over the mainline from one side to the other in
an “s” form
127. nozzles are attached to long discharge tubes and rotated by means of a rocker arm drive