RAJKUMARI AMRIT KAUR COLLEGE OF NURSING

LAJPAT NAGAR,NEW DELHI

AN ASSIGNMENT OF EDUCATION ON
STANDARDIZED TOOL FOR INTELLIGENCE

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
DR MEENAKSHI INGOLE MS RUBY ANAND
PROFESSOR M.Sc 1st year
Dept of education DU
 Intelligence test
Introduction
Intelligence is among the oldest and longest studied topics in all of
psychology. The development of assessments to measure this
concept is at the core of the development of psychological science
itself.
When might an IQ test be used? What do we learn from the results,
and how might people use this information? While there are
certainly many benefits to intelligence testing, it is important to
also note the limitations and controversies surrounding these tests.
For example, IQ tests have sometimes been used as arguments in
support of insidious purposes, such as the eugenics movement
(Severson, 2011).Today, only professionals trained in psychology
can administer IQ tests, and the purchase of most tests requires an
advanced degree in psychology. Other professionals in the field,
such as social workers and psychiatrists, cannot administer IQ
tests.
In psychology, human intelligence is commonly assessed
by IQ scores that are determined by IQ tests. However, there are
critics of IQ tests who, while they do not dispute the stability of IQ
test scores or the fact that they predict certain forms of
achievement rather effectively, do on the other hand argue that to
base a concept of intelligence on IQ test scores alone is to ignore
many important aspects of mental ability.
Why Measure Intelligence?
The value of IQ testing is most evident in educational or clinical
settings. Children who seem to be experiencing learning
difficulties or severe behavioral problems can be tested to ascertain
whether the child’s difficulties can be partly attributed to an IQ
score that is significantly different from the mean for their age
group. Without IQ testing—or another measure of intelligence—
children and adults needing extra support might not be identified
effectively. While IQ tests have sometimes been used as arguments
in support of insidious purposes, such as the eugenics movement
(Severson, 2011), the following case study demonstrates the
usefulness and benefits of IQ testing.
Types of IQ Tests and Tasks
There are a wide variety of IQ tests that use slightly different
tasks and measures to calculate an overall IQ score. The
most commonly used test series is the Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and its counterpart, the Wechsler
Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Other commonly
used tests include the original and updated version
of Stanford-Binet, and the Kaufman Assessment Battery for
Children. We will discuss all of these.
Weschler Intelligence Scales
A look at another modern intelligence test—the Wechsler
Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)—can provide clues to a
definition of intelligence itself. Motivated by several
criticisms of the Stanford-Binet test, psychologist David
Wechsler sought to create a superior measure of intelligence.
He was critical of the way that the Stanford-Binet relied so
heavily on verbal ability and was also suspicious of using a
single score to capture all intelligence. To address these
issues, Wechsler created a test that tapped a wide range of
intellectual abilities. The the Wechsler Adult Intelligence
Scale (WAIS) assesses people’s ability to remember,
compute, understand language, reason well, and process
information quickly (Wechsler, 1955). David Wechsler’s
approach to testing intellectual ability was based on the
fundamental idea that there are, in essence, many aspects to
intelligence. Wechsler test also reflected nonverbal abilities.
The current version of the test, the WAIS-IV, which was
released in 2008, comprises 10 core subtests and five
supplemental subtests, with the 10 core subtests yielding
scaled scores that sum to derive the Full Scale IQ. With the
WAIS-IV, the verbal/performance IQ scores from previous
versions were removed and replaced by the index scores.
The General Ability Index (GAI) was included, which
consists of the similarities, vocabulary, and information
subtests from the verbal comprehension index and the block
design, matrix reasoning and visual puzzles subtests from the
perceptual reasoning index. The General Ability Index
(GAI) is clinically useful because it can be used as a measure
of cognitive abilities that are less vulnerable to impairments
of processing speed and working memory.

Reliability and Validity

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence is a well-established scale
and it has fairly high consistency. Over a two to twelve week
 time period, the test-retest reliabilities ranged from 0.70 (7
subscales) to 0.90 (2 subscales).
he average reliability, across the age groups, for the IQs and
Indexes are: 0.95 for the Verbal IQ, 0.91 for the Performance
IQ, 0.96 for the Full Scale IQ, 0.94 for the Verbal
Comprehension Index, 0.90 for the Perceptual Organization
Index, 0.87 for the Freedom from Distractibility Index.

WAIS-IV subtests grouped by index

Core
Index Subtest Description Proposed abilities measured
?

Describe how two words or concepts are Abstract verbal reasoning; semantic
Similarities
similar. knowledge

Name objects in pictures or define words Semantic knowledge; verbal

Vocabulary
presented to them. comprehension and expression
Verbal
Comprehe
nsion Degree of general information
Information General knowledge questions
acquired from culture

Comprehensio Questions about social situations or Ability to express abstract social

n common concepts. conventions, rules and expressions

Perceptual Put together red-and-white blocks in a

Reasoning pattern according to a displayed model.
Block Design Visual spatial processing and problem solving;
This is timed, and some of the more
difficult puzzles award bonuses for speed.

Matrix View an array of pictures with one missing Nonverbal abstract problem
Reasoning square, and select the picture that fits the
array from five options. solving, inductive reasoning
 View a puzzle in a stimulus book and
Visual
choose from among pieces of which three Visual spatial reasoning
Puzzles
could construct the puzzle

Picture Ability to quickly perceive visual

Select the missing part of a picture
Completion details

View a stimulus book that pictures shapes

Figure on a scale (or scales) with one empty side
Quantitative reasoning
Weights and select the choice that keeps the scale
balanced

Listen to sequences of numbers orally and Working memory, attention,

Digit Span to repeat them as heard, in reverse order,
and in ascending order. encoding, auditory processing

Working Orally administered arithmetic word

Memory Arithmetic Quantitative reasoning, concentration, mental m
problems. Timed.

Letter-Number Recall a series of numbers in increasing Working memory, attention, mental

Sequencing order and letters in alphabetical order. control

View rows of symbols and target symbols,

Symbol
and mark whether or not the target symbols Processing speed
Search
appear in each row.

Processing Transcribe a digit-symbol code using a key.

Coding Processing speed, associative memory, graphom
Speed The task is time-limited.

Scan arrangements of shapes and mark

Cancellation specific target shapes within a limited Processing speed
amount of time