Task 3: Report

(Waste Management Plan)

Designing materials designing...................................................................................................4

Strategies Making.......................................................................................................................5

Construction Design...................................................................................................................5

Materials for constructions.........................................................................................................5

Calculations for Thermal for Health Safety...............................................................................6

Calculations for Illuminations for health safety.........................................................................6

Calculations for the Sound and ventilations...............................................................................7

Passive House Design Principles...............................................................................................7

Active House Design Principles.................................................................................................8

The need for a passive construction design................................................................................8

The National House Building Council (NHBC)........................................................................8

References................................................................................................................................10

2
The primary aim of Site Waste Management Plans (SWMPs) is to minimize the amount of
production of waste on the construction sites (Muleya and Kamalondo, 2017). This is
primarily done by setting out the ways in which building materials and any kind of residual
waste produced during the construction phases are managed during a given construction
project. It is to be noted that there is no legal need for an SWMP. Hower, when a SEMP is
implemented in a project, it aids in the management of materials in an efficient manner,
thereby aiding in the reduction of expenditures and costs. The majority of the construction
companies out there makes sure to apply SWMP as their duty to manage their construction
wastes as per the guidelines presented under Section 34 of Environmental Protection Act
(Jiménez-Rivero, Guzmán-Báez and García-Navarro, 2017). Some of the key benefits of Site
Waste Management Plans (SWMPs) are improving the environmental awareness of a
workforce engaged in a project and raising the profile of panning of waste management upon
their generation.
In other terms, a Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP) can be described as a plan in which
the details about the type and amount of generation of waste generated on a construction site
is shown, along with the ways in which these waste materials at the end of the day are
recycled, reused, or disposed of. The plan here is usually updated during the phases of
construction to shed light upon the number of residues and how they would be recycled or
disposed of at other legitimate sites at the end. Zero Avoidable Waste (ZAW) is a term that
represents the prevention of generation of waste at each and every stage of a construction
project (Kolaventi, Tezeswi and Kumar, 2018). In other terms, under ZAW, zero waste is
produced throughout the lifecycle of a project, ranging from the manufacturing of materials,
designing of structural elements, specification, procurement, and the assembly of buildings
and infrastructures via the means of deconstruction. Furthermore, at the end-of-life cycles of
the materials used for construction, they are recovered at the maximum level of waste
hierarchy, prior to recycling or reusing them. This helps to make sure there is a minimum
amount of impact on the environment during the entire process (Kelly and Dowd, 2017).
Following is the waste management of the given construction project:
Point of Date Waste WM Amount Unit Waste Comment
generatio type staging manage s manageme s/
n area d nt facility Remarks
On-site 20/10/2 Insulatio Reuse 1050 kg 1 Multi- The
1 n activity site materials
materials have been
sent for
reuse in

3
 other
projects
On-site 21/10/2 Clay Preventio 3000 kg 3 None None
1 brick n
Off-site 20/10/2 Timber- Recycle 4500 kg 2 Re- None
1 Crete processor
On-site 22/10/2 Bamboo Recycle 3700 kg 5 Re- Sent for
1 reinforce processor further
d processin
concrete g and
recycling
Off-site 24/10/2 Bioplasti Recovery 600 kg 4 Multi- The
1 c activity site discarded
materials
have been
procured
from
different
site
locations.

Performances of the Building

It is essential to measure the plot and every other aspect of the structure to be erected in order
to prevent the chances for occurrences of issues and challenges at a later stage. According to
the perspective of Bungau et al. (2018), different kinds of parameters that need to be
connected in order to determine the loss of energy, such as heat and cold of the structure. On
the basis of these factors the allocation of resources is needed to be carried out, and the plan
is needed to be designed in a proper way for eliminating any chances of complicacies during
the construction phase. As highlighted by Filimonau and Delysia (2019), sustainable
structures, such as buildings, are considered as the integral part of the development of a
society. They eventually give rise to a constant increase of the complexity and tightness in the
regulatory requirements of constructing those structures.

4
 Figure: Principles of sustainable building
Building regulations
The regulation of the buildings is needed to be implemented by judging the surrounding and
the environmental structures and obstacles near the structure to be developed. Minimum sets
of legal requirements are to be met in order to construct a structure successfully and legally.
As depicted by Kabirifar et al. (2020), the different types of requirements of a building are
highly influenced by the regulations and policies of construction, which can often vary from
region to region. Thus, in the sector of construction, the key elements are as follows: the
sustainability of the structure, materials for the development of an eco-friendly structure as
well as environment, and to add up the adaptability and flexibility of power. While adhering
to sustainability it is equally important to consider how the structure reacts to heat, cold, and
moisture, for which a proper set of materials is needed to be chosen in the first place. Proper
sets of tests are needed to be conducted to identify the suitability of construction materials
and their application to any given structure. Furthermore, in addition of choosing the proper
sets of construction materials, it is important to check that these materials are complying with
the building norms and regulations of the locality and the region in which the construction is
taking place. For example, on an earthquake prone zone, wood is preferred over concrete
structures.
Building gaps
Often performance gaps of buildings can be seen after they are constructed. The term can be
defined as the difference between the performance value of the structure that has been
determined in the design phase and the performance value that is measured in the stage of
post-occupancy. It is important to have an adequate level of knowledge on performance gaps
of buildings, which is considered extremely crucial at certain scenarios. Furthermore, the

5
builder and the engineers engaged in the construction process are needed to identify how
large is the performance gap of the structure in the first place. A significant development in
this field is still needed in order understand it more comprehensively and completely.

Designing materials designing

Some of the common sustainable construction materials that are used extensively across
multiple construction sites are Bamboo reinforced concrete, Bioplastic, cross laminated
timber, AshCrete, Hempcrete, Plant-Based Polyurethane Rigid Foam, Enviroboard, Clay
Brick, Timbercrete, Sheep's Wool, and Cob. As per the British building regulations 2010,
building works refers to the extension or erection of a building or construction structure. The
term can also be used to refer the extension or provision of a controlled fitting or service
along with the sets of works that is required by regulation 6, which comprises of the
guidelines of the requirements relating to material change of use. A structure is considered fit
to be erected only if it complies with the applicable needs that are provided under schedule 1.
Furthermore, the structure at question is needed to comply with certain sets of needs, such
that there is no presence of failure to adhere to any other requirements that are similar in
nature as the previous one. Furthermore, as per The Building Regulations 2010, the structure
would only comply with the above stated requirements only if the construction work is of a
certain kind that is described under 3(1)(g), (h) or (i). Additionally, carrying out the
construction work is required to not comprise of an alteration of material. Lastly, the sets of
activities of the construction work are needed to comply with the applicable requirements of
Part L, that falls under Schedule 1 (Khan, et al. 2019).

Strategies Making

There are five key ways to develop a building, which are designed under a five-protocol
system. The primary purpose here is to give rise to a virtual picturization of the entire project
work. According to Nizar (2018), a vision about the project is needed to determine the
measurable goals and set them accordingly. Depending upon the goals and the need for
determining different kinds of data according to the sustainable factors that give rise to a
proper project the course of path is needed to be pre-planned and set beforehand. This gives
rise to a competitive edge, which is considered essential for the determination potential
success rate of the project. This is often done by comparing the present objectives with that of
projects carried out in the past by the same of other organisations. Furthermore, the

6
quantifiable goals and criteria for development and implementation are needed to be adhered
to here as well as per the evaluation done beforehand. This at a later stage could aid in
adjusting different kinds of milestones and the resources required to meet them effectively
(Jin, Yuan and Chen, 2019).

Construction Design

The selection of different kinds of designing and its elements are needed to be carried out by
the design while considering certain factors. In terms of construction, design can be described
as the process related to development of a solution to a particular project brief, after which
the instructions are prepared, thereby enabling the gradual construction of the solution. The
process of construction design i8s needed to rationalize different as well as contradictory
needs of the brief presented, the aesthetics, structure, budget, climate, regulations, privacy,
security and other elements. Furthermore, certain principles of design are needed to be
adapted, such as unity, balance, emphasis, movement, space, contrast, and alignment (Bungau
et al. 2018).

Materials for constructions

As mentioned previously, the key materials that are needed for sustainable construction are
Bamboo reinforced concrete, Bioplastic, cross laminated timber, AshCrete, Hempcrete, Plant-
Based Polyurethane Rigid Foam, Enviroboard, Clay Brick, Timbercrete, Sheep's Wool, and
Cob. Regarding these particular choices. As highlighted by Kaza et al. (2018), manually
identification and activities are needed by the engineers and other planners completing a
construction project successfully. As per the British building regulations 2010, works of
building is carried out with the use of proper sets and adequate quantities of materials that are
considered appropriate for the scenarios in which they are used, are mixed and prepared in an
adequate manner, and ultimately are applied to carry out the functions for which they have
been designed and produced in the first place. Also, the building works as per the given act
should be carried out in a workmanlike manner. Furthermore, the remaining materials are to
be disposed safely. However, the legislative guidelines provided above are not applicable to
the erection of structures, extension, or building of certain kinds described under Schedule 2
of the act. Also, these are applicable for carrying out any other work of construction, which
after carrying out would require similar kin d of works once again. Furthermore, under the
British building regulations 2010, the requirements listed under paragraphs G1 and G3(2) and

7
(3) of Schedule 1 are applicable for greenhouses that receives hot or cold-water supply from a
source that is shared with or is located within a dwelling (Filimonau and Delysia, 2019). The
guidelines also holds true for small detaching structures that falls under class 6 under
Schedule 2, and for building extensions that falls under class 7 under the same schedule.

Calculations for Thermal for Health Safety

The thermal calculation for safety is of highly primary importance giving rise to a proper
index of heat thermal condition that needs to be maintained for maintaining the safety of
health. These essential factors cause a temperature change. There lies the multiplication of
change within the temperature for which there lies a sample of changes that again divides the
supplied heat / the energy of the product. Therefore, this ultimately give rise to the
formulation of the thermal calculations that give rise to thermal balance.
“C = Q / (ΔT ⨉ m)”
In this case the thermal balance mainly gives rise to the rate of the heat loss which is totally
equal to the heat production. And there lies the minimum level of skin temperature that
should be appropriate for learning. These are for the comfort and sweating intensity of
functioning and preference sweating rate which is considered as the metabolic rate or activity
to the thermal comfort made by calculating. This is also important for human safety
(Kabirifar et al. 2020).

Calculations for Illuminations for health safety

The calculation of lighting illumination needs to be understood for measuring the length of
the weight of the room that I have to multiply the length. According to the width of the
rectangle areas in order to get the square footage of the room. Depending upon that
multiplication of length X with the width of the rectangle area of the room. After this the less
multiplication of square foot is only by 1.5 of the general writing factors for watching any
television and sectors for mobile phones for listening to music.

Calculations for the Sound and ventilations

Sound
For the 8 hrs of exposing factors there needs to be 93 DBA that is needed to be concerned for
considering hundred percent of dose this is a maximum range is allowed for the sound.

8
Where on the other hand for 6 hours at 92 DB 100% dose activated for safety purposes of
human health.
“TWA = 16.61 log (10) (D/100) + 90”
This is hereby highlighted that realises a minimum level of DB which they need to be
concerned with for calculating the average sound level in terms of DB and computer it so that
in person it gives rise to the formula of the stated above where it has been considered only 8
shaped walking level within noise level constant. According to this purpose TW a is mainly
calculating the equal measurements of the sound level by prohibiting it.
Ventilations
According to the different factors of ventilation it has been clearly stated that air ventilation is
very important especially for the closed spaces; this will give rise to proper circulation of air
within a room for human safety and comfort. Under this consideration it has been clearly
stated that if am is the Pig per minute where it is multiplied to the area of the inner space this
gives rise to CFM that is cubic feet per minute for which the ventilation is needed to be
calculated and substituted for the value of fpm. This substitution is mainly done with the area
of the indoor space where the area has been squared later on.
“CFM = (fpm * area)”

Passive House Design Principles

There are five major living principles there for passive house design which is mainly taken as
consideration for safety of Health.
● The centralised design for a super insulated environment helps to produce insulations
so that it will give rise to keep safety when fire rockers and that will help to secure the
health facilities from danger.
● The neck is like a tight construction to maintain the moisture prevention and Damp
regulated structure.
● High performance of glazing so that it can last for more than 20 years with the same
Glaze during the time of manufacturing.
● A development of thermal Bridge is needed to be maintained for detailing is it in a
free details process that is needed to be done on that prospective.
● Their life overall recovery for heat ventilation is needed to be at Higher priority for
which ventilations is needed.

9
Active House Design Principles

● Active house is main input focus over the activation of house which is developed by
building a greater Healthcare career and that is needed to be comfortable for regular
occupants with negative impact on moving with climate to was a healthy and safer
world.
● This gave rise to proper accumulation of a in the climate which moves forward for a
cleaning and healthy safety society that receives an active house of designation which
provides an effective house of standards for beneficial activities.

The need for a passive construction design

An effective passive design enables the reduction or elimination of the need for additional
sources of cooling or heating inside the structure. However, the factors here are largely
governed by the location of the building and at times rely on the work of the active
occupants. It has been observed that a structure that is constructed using a passive design can
deliver high thermal comfort, low emissions of greenhouse gases, and lesser energy bills.
Some of the factors that are adhered to while implementing a passive design for a structure
are passive heating, design for a particular climate, passive cooling, thermal mass,
orientation, glazing, shading, insulation, condensation, and ventilation (Nizar, Munir and
Munawar, 2018).

The National House Building Council (NHBC)

The primary aim of NHBC is to raise the standards of constructions of new residencies in the
United Kingdom (UK). It also offers protection to the ones buying homes. These operations
are primarily carried out via its 10-year warranty of Buildmark. The NHBC was established
in 1936 and is considered as the largest provider of warranties for new residencies in the
United Kingdom. Some of its additional operations comprise of provision of services that are
connected with building of houses and the generalized line of construction, such as that of
health and safety, energy ratings, training, and sustainability. In the given project all the
guidelines of NHBC have been adhered to.

10
References

Journals
Bungau, S., Tit, D.M., Fodor, K., Cioca, G., Agop, M., Iovan, C., Cseppento, D.C.N., Bumbu,
A. and Bustea, C., 2018. Aspects regarding the pharmaceutical waste management in
Romania. Sustainability, 10(8), p.2788.
Filimonau, V. and Delysia, A., 2019. Food waste management in hospitality operations: A
critical review. Tourism management, 71, pp.234-245.
Jin, R., Yuan, H. and Chen, Q., 2019. Science mapping approach to assisting the review of
construction and demolition waste management research published between 2009 and
2018. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 140, pp.175-188.
Kabirifar, K., Mojtahedi, M., Wang, C. and Tam, V.W., 2020. Construction and demolition
waste management contributing factors coupled with reduce, reuse, and recycle strategies for
effective waste management: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 263, p.121265.
Khan, B.A., Cheng, L., Khan, A.A. and Ahmed, H., 2019. Healthcare waste management in
Asian developing countries: A mini review. Waste Management & Research, 37(9), pp.863-
875.
Nizar, M., Munir, E. and Munawar, E., 2018, December. Implementation of zero waste
concept in waste management of Banda Aceh City. In Journal of Physics: Conference
Series (Vol. 1116, No. 5, p. 052045). IOP Publishing. Gollakota, A.R., Gautam, S. and Shu,
C.M., 2020. Inconsistencies of e-waste management in developing nations–Facts and
plausible solutions. Journal of environmental management, 261, p.110234.
Nižetić, S., Djilali, N., Papadopoulos, A. and Rodrigues, J.J., 2019. Smart technologies for
promotion of energy efficiency, utilization of sustainable resources and waste
management. Journal of cleaner production, 231, pp.565-591.
Jiménez-Rivero, A., Guzmán-Báez, D. and García-Navarro, J., 2017. Enhanced on-site waste
management of plasterboard in construction works: A case study in Spain. Sustainability,
9(3), p.450.
Kelly, M. and Dowd, D., 2017, May. A review of construction waste management practices
on selected case studies in Ireland. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Waste
and Resource Management (Vol. 170, No. 2, pp. 78-84). Thomas Telford Ltd.

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Kolaventi, S.S., Tezeswi, T.P. and Kumar, M.S., 2018. A modeling approach to construction
waste management. In Urbanization Challenges in Emerging Economies: Resilience and
Sustainability of Infrastructure (pp. 11-20). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers.
Muleya, F. and Kamalondo, H., 2017. An investigation of waste management practices in the
Zambian construction industry. Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research,
5(01), p.1.
Book
Kaza, S., Yao, L., Bhada-Tata, P. and Van Woerden, F., 2018. What a waste 2.0: a global
snapshot of solid waste management to 2050. World Bank Publications.

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