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Web Tutorials

The document provides a comprehensive introduction to HTML and CSS, detailing their structures, common tags, and styling methods. It includes examples of basic HTML documents, common HTML tags, and various ways to incorporate CSS into HTML, along with practical exercises for skill development. Additionally, it offers resources for further learning about web development.

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6 views

Web Tutorials

The document provides a comprehensive introduction to HTML and CSS, detailing their structures, common tags, and styling methods. It includes examples of basic HTML documents, common HTML tags, and various ways to incorporate CSS into HTML, along with practical exercises for skill development. Additionally, it offers resources for further learning about web development.

Uploaded by

kootswelew
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Link: Iprogramiz.

com
IWEB 141 TUTORIALS
What is HTML?
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create
web pages. It structures the content on the page and is often combined with CSS
(Cascading Style Sheets) and JavaScript for styling and functionality.

2. Basic HTML Structure


A basic HTML document has a specific structure. Here’s a simple template:
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Your Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
<p>This is my first HTML page.</p>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

 <!DOCTYPE html>: Declares the document type and version of HTML.


 <html>: The root element of the HTML page.
 <head>: Contains meta-information about the document, like the title and
character set.
 <body>: Contains the content of the webpage that is displayed in the browser.

3. Common HTML Tags


Here are some basic HTML tags you should know:
 Headings: Define headings with <h1> to <h6>. <h1> is the largest, and <h6> is the
smallest.
html
<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<h2>This is a Subheading</h2>
 Paragraphs: Use <p> to create a paragraph.
html
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
 Links: Create hyperlinks with the <a> tag.
html
<a href="https://www.example.com">Visit Example</a>
 Images: Embed images using the <img> tag.
html
<img src="image.jpg" alt="Description of image">
 Lists: Create ordered lists with <ol> and unordered lists with <ul>.
html
<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul>
<ol> <li>First Item</li> <li>Second Item</li> </ol> ```

4. Adding More Content


You can add various other elements like:
 Tables: Use <table>, <tr>, <td> to create tables.
html
<table>
<tr>
<th>Header 1</th>
<th>Header 2</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data 1</td>
<td>Data 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
 Forms: To create forms, use the <form> tag.
html
<form action="/submit" method="post">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>

5. Practice
To practice your HTML skills:

1. Open a text editor (like Notepad on Windows, or TextEdit on Mac).


2. Write your HTML code.
3. Save it with a .html extension (e.g., index.html).
4. Open that file in any web browser to see your work!

Basic CSS Tutorial

1. What is CSS?
CSS is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of an HTML document. It defines
how elements should be displayed on the screen, in print, or in other media.

2. How to Add CSS to HTML

You can include CSS in your HTML in three ways:

a. Inline CSS

Add styles directly to an HTML element using the style attribute.

html

<h1 style="color: blue;">This is an inline-styled heading</h1>

b. Internal CSS

Place styles within a <style> tag in the <head> section of your HTML document.

html

<head>

<style>

body {

background-color: lightgray;

h2 {

color: green;

</style>

</head>

c. External CSS

Link to a separate CSS file using the <link> tag in the <head> section.

html

<head>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">


</head>

3. CSS Syntax

The basic syntax of a CSS rule consists of a selector and declarations:

css

selector {

property: value;

 Selector: Targets the HTML element.

 Property: The style attribute you want to change (like color, font-size, etc.).

 Value: The value you want to assign to the property.

4. Common Selectors

 Element Selector: Targets all instances of an element.

css

p{

color: red; /* Selects all <p> elements */

 Class Selector: Selects elements with a specific class (use a dot .).

css

.my-class {

font-size: 18px; /* Applies to all elements with class="my-class" */

 ID Selector: Targets a unique element (use a hash #).

css

#my-id {

margin: 20px; /* Applies to the element with id="my-id" */

}
5. Basic Styling Properties

Here are some basic CSS properties you can use:

 Color and Background

css

body {

background-color: #f0f0f0; /* Light gray background */

h1 {

color: blue; /* Makes the heading blue */

 Font Properties

css

p{

font-family: Arial, sans-serif; /* Sets the font */

font-size: 16px; /* Sets the font size */

font-weight: bold; /* Makes the text bold */

 Text Alignment

css

h2 {

text-align: center; /* Center aligns the text */

 Margins and Padding

css

div {

margin: 10px; /* Space outside the div */


padding: 15px; /* Space inside the div */

6. Example of HTML and CSS

Here’s a complete example combining HTML and CSS.

HTML (index.html):

html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<title>My First CSS Page</title>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">

</head>

<body>

<h1>Welcome to My Web Page</h1>

<h2 class="subtitle">A simple subtitle example</h2>

<p>This is a paragraph with some text.</p>

<div id="content">

<p>Content inside a styled div.</p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

CSS (styles.css):

css

body {
background-color: #e0e0e0; /* Light gray background */

font-family: Arial, sans-serif; /* Default font for the body */

h1 {

color: darkblue; /* Dark blue heading */

text-align: center; /* Center text */

.subtitle {

color: darkgreen; /* Dark green subtitle */

text-align: center; /* Center subtitle */

#content {

background-color: white; /* White background for content */

border: 1px solid #ccc; /* Light gray border */

padding: 15px; /* Inner space of the content area */

margin: 20px; /* Outer space from other elements */

7. Practice

 Create an HTML file and a CSS file using the examples provided above.

 Modify the styles in your CSS file to see how they affect the HTML elements.

 Experiment with different properties and values to understand how CSS works.

8. Resources for Further Learning

 Online Tutorials: Websites like W3Schools and MDN Web Docs offer great resources.
 Interactive Learning: Platforms like Codecademy or FreeCodeCamp provide interactive
CSS courses.

Feel free to ask if you have specific topics or questions about CSS that you’d like to explore!

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