STRING

 String is a predefined class

 String is an object
 String is an non-primitive data type
 String is immutable(unchangeable)
 Immutable means unchangeable if using a same
value in another String it doesn't create an
instance memory
 To use mutable String we can use StringBuffer
and StringBuilder classes of String
 String, StringBuffer and StringBuilder package
in java.lang it's an default package
 Mainly String used to store an sequence of
characters(collection of characters) with in
double quotation ""

We can use String in two ways:

 literal - using with String data type as

variable

String name="HelloWorld";

 non-literal - using with create an object

String name=new String("HelloWorld");

String class have more methods each methods perform

specific operations

String methods are:

 length() Returns the length of the string

 charAt(int index) Returns the character at a
specific index
 substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
Returns a substring
  contains(String str) Checks if the string
contains a sequence
 equals(String another) Compares strings for
exact match
 equalsIgnoreCase(String another) Compares
strings ignoring case
 toUpperCase() / toLowerCase() Converts case
 trim() Removes leading and trailing whitespace
 replace(oldChar, newChar) Replaces
characters
 split(String regex) Splits the string based on
a pattern
 indexOf(String str) Returns the index of a
substring

String methods in program:

package javaprogram;

// String
public class TopicScanner{
public static void main(String[] args) {

//length() Returns the length of the string

String userName="Aravind";
System.out.println("userName is "+userName.length());
//output : userName is 7

//charAt(int index) Returns the character at a

specific index
String character="Aravind";
System.out.println("specific letter from character is
"+character.charAt(3));
//output : specific letter from character is v

//substring(int Index) Returns a substring

String names="AravindGuruswamy";
System.out.println("one letter to from names is
"+names.substring(2));
//output :one letter to from names is
avindGuruswamy

//substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex Returns a

substring
String name="AravindGuruswamy";
System.out.println("one letter to another letter is
"+name.substring(2,6));
//output : one letter to another letter is avin

//contains(String str) Checks if the string

contains a sequence
String find="Aravind";
System.out.println("userName contains is
"+find.contains("v"));
// output : userName is true

//equals(String another) Compares strings for exact

match
String valueone="Aravind";
String valuetwo="Aravind";
System.out.println("userName is
"+valueone.equals(valuetwo));
//output : userName is true

//equalsIgnoreCase(String another) Compares

strings ignoring case
String ignorecaseone="Aravind";
String ignorecasetwo="aravind";
System.out.println("userName is
"+ignorecaseone.equalsIgnoreCase(ignorecasetwo));
//output : userName is true

//toUpperCase() Converts case

String uppercase="aravind";
System.out.println("userName is"+uppercase.toUpperCase());
//output : userName is ARAVIND

//toLowerCase() Converts case

String lowercase="ARAVIND";
System.out.println("userName is"+uppercase.toLowerCase());
//output : userName is aravind

//trim() Removes leading and trailing whitespace

String spaceremove="Ara vind";
System.out.println("userName is "+spaceremove.trim());
//output : userName is Ara vind

//replace(oldChar, newChar) Replaces characters

String replacecharater="Aravind";
System.out.println("userName is
"+replacecharater.replace("A", "B"));
//output : userName is Bravind

//split(String regex)Splits the string based on a

pattern
String splitmethod="Aravind is an developer";
String spacesplit[]=splitmethod.split(" ");
for(String sentence:spacesplit)
{
System.out.println("split each word "+sentence);
}
// output : split each word Aravind
// split each word is
// split each word an
// split each word developer

//indexOf(String str)Returns the index of a

substring
String indexofmethod="Aravind";
int indexofone=indexofmethod.indexOf("Ara");
int indexoftwo=indexofmethod.indexOf("Bra");
System.out.println("userName is "+indexofone);
// output : userName is 0
System.out.println("userName is "+indexoftwo);
// output : userName is -1

//hashcode() Returns the data bytecode adddress

String hashcodemethod="Hellojava";
System.out.println(hashcodemethod.hashCode());
// output : -1093654060

//startsWith(String) Returns true the string start

with specific letter
String startmethod="Hellojava";
System.out.println(startmethod.startsWith("H"));
//output : true

//endsWith(String) Returns true the string end with

specific letter
String endmethod="Hellojava";
System.out.println(endmethod.endsWith("a"));
//output : true

//isEmpty() Returns true if value in String

String value="subhash";
System.out.println(value.isEmpty());
// output : false

//concat() concats two string

String concatvalueone="Ram"; String
concatvaluetwo="Kumar";
System.out.println(concatvalueone.concat(concatvaluetwo));
// RamKumar

//compareTo(string) compares two string value and

returns in positive or negative
String comValue="ABCD"; String comValuetwo="BCDE";
System.out.println(comValue.compareTo(comValuetwo));
// output : -1
 }
}

StringBuffer and StringBuilder are predefined class used to mutable

String
StringBuffer and StringBuilder package in java.lang its an default
package
Difference between StringBuffer and StringBuilder

StringBuffer
 StringBuffer is predefined class
 StringBuffer is mutable (changeable)
 StringBuffer is synchronized
 StringBuffer is Thread safe we can execute Thread (function) only one
at a time
 StringBuffer process are slower than StringBuilder because it’s
synchronized and thread safe
StringBuffer methods are:
 append()
 insert()
 delete()
 replace()
 reverse()
And etc... We can use String methods in StringBuffer
package javaprogram;
// StringBuffer
public class TopicScanner{
public static void main(String[] args) {

//StringBuffer append method

StringBuffer methodone=new StringBuffer("java");
methodone.append("program");
System.out.println(methodone);
 //output: javaprogram

//StringBuffer insert method

StringBuffer methodtwo=new StringBuffer("java");
methodtwo.insert(4,"program");
System.out.println(methodtwo);
//output: javaprogram

//StringBuffer delete method

StringBuffer methodthree=new
StringBuffer("technologies");
methodthree.delete(4,11);
System.out.println(methodthree);
//output: techs

//StringBuffer replace method

StringBuffer methodfour=new
StringBuffer("javaexecute");
methodfour.replace(4,12,"program");
System.out.println(methodfour);
//output: javaprogram

//StringBuffer reverse method

StringBuffer methodfive=new StringBuffer("java");
methodfive.reverse();
System.out.println(methodfive);
//output: avaj

}
}
 StringBuilder
 StringBuilder is predefined class
 StringBuilder is mutable(changeable)
 StringBuilder is not-synchronized
 StringBuilder process are faster than StringBuffer because it’s not-
synchronized and not-thread safe
 StringBuilder is not-thread safe we can execute multiple
threads(functions) at same time
StringBuilder methods are:
 append()
 insert()
 delete()
 replace()
 reverse()
And etc... We can use String methods in StringBuilder
package javaprogram;
// StringBuilder
public class TopicScanner{
public static void main(String[] args) {

//StringBuilder append method

StringBuffer methodone=new StringBuffer("java");
methodone.append("program");
System.out.println(methodone);
//output: javaprogram

//StringBuilder insert method

StringBuffer methodtwo=new StringBuffer("java");
methodtwo.insert(4,"program");
System.out.println(methodtwo);
//output: javaprogram

//StringBuilder delete method

StringBuffer methodthree=new
StringBuffer("technologies");
 methodthree.delete(4,11);
System.out.println(methodthree);
//output: techs

//StringBuilder replace method

StringBuffer methodfour=new
StringBuffer("javaexecute");
methodfour.replace(4,12,"program");
System.out.println(methodfour);
//output: javaprogram

//StringBuilder reverse method

StringBuffer methodfive=new StringBuffer("java");
methodfive.reverse();
System.out.println(methodfive);
//output: avaj

}
}