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History of Electronics

The history of electronics began in the 19th century with discoveries in electricity and magnetism, including Faraday's electromagnetic induction and Edison's conduction effect. Key developments included the invention of the vacuum tube, transistor, and integrated circuit, which revolutionized electronic devices and paved the way for modern computing. Notable scientists such as Edison, Tesla, and Ohm contributed significantly to the field, establishing foundational principles and technologies still in use today.

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30 views24 pages

History of Electronics

The history of electronics began in the 19th century with discoveries in electricity and magnetism, including Faraday's electromagnetic induction and Edison's conduction effect. Key developments included the invention of the vacuum tube, transistor, and integrated circuit, which revolutionized electronic devices and paved the way for modern computing. Notable scientists such as Edison, Tesla, and Ohm contributed significantly to the field, establishing foundational principles and technologies still in use today.

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vaineblancaflor00
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BRIEF

HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
• The history of electronics dates back to the
19th century, when scientists began to
explore the properties of electricity and
magnetism. In 1831, Michael Faraday
discovered electromagnetic induction,
which forms the basis for modern electrical
generators and motors. In the 1860s, James
Clerk Maxwell formulated the laws of
electromagnetism, which predicted the
existence of electromagnetic waves,
including radio waves.
HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
• In 1883, Thomas Alva Edison discovered that
electrons will flow from one metal conductor
to another through a vacuum. This discovery
of conduction became known as the Edison
effect.
• In 1904, John Fleming applied the Edison
effect in inventing a two-element electron
tube called a diode, and Lee De Forest
followed in 1906 with the three-element
tube, the triode.
HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
• The invention of the vacuum tubes allowed
for the amplification and detection of radio
signals, leading to the development of radio
broadcasting.
• In 1947, the invention of the transistor by
William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter
Brattain revolutionized electronics by
replacing bulky vacuum tubes with much
smaller and more efficient solid-state
devices.
HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
• The 1960s saw the development of the
integrated circuit, which allowed for multiple
transistors to be fabricated on a single chip.
This led to the miniaturization of electronic
devices and the widespread use of
computers and other digital devices.
• In the 1970s and 1980s, the invention of the
microprocessor, which combined the
processing power of multiple integrated
circuits, paved the way for personal
computers and other advanced digital
devices.
HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
• The history of electronics is a story of the
twentieth century and three key
components—the vacuum tube,
• the transistor,

• and the integrated circuit.


SCIENTISTS WHO
CONTRIBUTED IN
THE HISTORY OF
ELECTRONICS
• Charles Coulomb (1737-1806)
Charles coulomb was a great scientist of the
18th century. He experimented with the
mechanical resistance and developed
coulomb’s law of electro-static charges in
the year 1799.
• Luigi Galvani (1737-1798)
Luigi Galvani was a professor in the University
of Bologna. He studied the effects of
electricity on animals, especially on frogs.
With the help of experiments, he showed the
presence of electricity in frogs in the year
1791.
• Allesandro Volta (1745-1827)
Allesandro Volta was an Italian scientist. He
invented battery in the year 1799. He was
the first to develop a battery (Voltaic cell)
that could produce electricity as a result of
chemical reaction.
• George Simon Ohm (1789-1854)
George Simon Ohm was a German
physicist. He experimented with the
electrical circuits and made his own part
including the wire. He found that some
conductors worked when compared to
others. He discovered Ohms law in the year
1827, which is a relation between current,
voltage& resistance. The unit for resistance is
named after him.
• Andre Marie Ampere (1775-1836)
Andre Marie Ampere was a French
mathematician and physicist. He studied the
effects of electric current and invented
solenoid. The SI unit of electric current (the
Ampere) was named after him.
• Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1932)
Thomas Alva Edison was a businessman and
an American inventor. He developed many
devices like, practical electric bulb, motion
picture camera, photograph and other
such things. While inventing the electric
lamp, he observed the Edison effect.
• Nikola Tesla (1856-1943)
Nikola Tesla invented the Tesla coil; the Tesla
induction motor; alternating current (AC);
electrical supply system that includes a
transformer; 3-phase electricity and motor.
In 1891, Tesla coil was invented and used in
electronic equipment, television and radio
sets.
• Lee De Forest (1873-1961)
Lee de forest was an American inventor,
and he invented the first triode vacuum
tube: Audion tube in 1906. He was honored
as the father of radio.
NATURE OF
ELECTRICITY
NATURE OF
ELECTRICITY
• Electricity is a natural force produced by the
movement of electrons. The basic nature of
electricity is, whenever a negatively charged
body is connected to a positively charged
body by means of a conductor, the excess
electrons of negative body starts flowing
towards the positive body to compensate the
lack of electrons in that positive body.
• Conductor - Copper is considered to be a
conductor because it conducts the electron
current or flow of electrons fairly easily. Most
metals are considered to be good
conductors of electrical current. Other
materials that are sometimes used as
conductors are silver and gold. Copper is still
the most popular material used for wires
because it is a very good conductor of
electrical current and it is fairly inexpensive
when compared to gold and silver.
• Insulator - are materials that have just the
opposite effect on the flow of electrons.
They do not let electrons flow very easily
from one atom to another. Insulators are
materials whose atoms have tightly bound
electrons. These electrons are not free to
roam around and be shared by neighboring
atoms.
RESISTOR
• A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical
component that implements electrical
resistance as a circuit element. In electronic
circuits, resistors are used to reduce current
flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages,
bias active elements, and terminate
transmission lines, among other uses.
Common Types of
Resistor
• Wire wound resistor – a special type of wire
called resistance wire (tungsten or
manganin) is wrapped around an insulating
core (porcelain, cement or pressed paper).
These resistors are commonly used for high
current applications where accurate
resistance values are necessary. Its wattage
ratings are available from 5 watts or more.
• Carbon composition resistor – this resistor is
made from finely divided carbon or
graphite mixed with a powdered insulating
material as a binder and joined to the two
ends are two metal caps with tinned lead
for soldering to connections to the circuit. Its
wattage ratings are available from 1/10 to 2
watts.
Resistor Color Coding

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