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HAEMATOLOGY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
As per the recommendation of International council for Standardization in Hematology, the differential leucocyte counts are
additionally being reported as absolute numbers of each cell in per unit volume of blood.
DHSS : Double Hydrodynamic Sequential System
Page 1 of 12
PO No :PO3064471180-253
HAEMATOLOGY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
Interpretation: HbA1c%
≤5.6 Normal
5.7-6.4 At Risk For Diabetes
≥6.5 Diabetes
Comments:
A 3 to 6 monthly monitoring is recommended in diabetics. People with diabetes should get the test done more often if their blood
sugar stays too high or if their healthcare provider makes any change in the treatment plan. HbA1c concentration represent the
integrated values for blood glucose over the preceding 8-12 weeks and is not affected by daily glucose fluctuation, exercise &
recent food intake.
Please note, Glycemic goal should be individualized based on duration of diabetes, age/life expectancy, comorbid conditions,
known CVD or advanced microvascular complications, hypoglycemia unawareness, and individual patient considerations.
Factors that interfere with HbA1c Measurement: Hemoglobin variants, elevated fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and chemically modified
derivatives of hemoglobin (e.g. carbamylated Hb in patients with renal failure) can affect the accuracy of HbA1c measurements.
Factors that affect interpretation of HbA1c Measurement: Any condition that shortens erythrocyte survival or decrease mean
erythrocyte age (e. g., recovery from acute blood loss, hemolytic anemia, HbSS, HbCC, and HbSC) will falsely lower HbA1c test
results regardless of the assay method used. Iron deficiency anemia is associated with higher HbA1c.
Note: Presence of Hemoglobin variants and/or conditions that affect red cell turnover must be considered, particularly when the
HbA1c result does not correlate with the patient's blood glucose levels.
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
BIOCHEMISTRY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) fasting, means a person has an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes but does not
have it yet. A level of 126 mg/dL or above, confirmed by repeating the test on another day, means a person has diabetes.
IGT (2 hrs Post meal ), means a person has an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes but does not have it yet. A 2-hour
glucose level of 200 mg/dL or above, confirmed by repeating the test on another day, means a person has diabetes
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
BIOCHEMISTRY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Lipid Profile
Cholesterol - Total 169 mg/dL Desirable <200, Enzymatic
Borderline High 200-239,
High >=240
Triglycerides 154 mg/dL Normal: <150, Glycerol Phosphate
Borderline: 150 - 199, Oxidase
High:200-499,
Very High>=500
Cholesterol - HDL 28 mg/dL Undesirable/high risk Accelerator Selective
<40mg/dL Detergent
Desirable/low
risk>=60mg/dl
Cholesterol - LDL 110 mg/dL Desirable: <100 Calculated
Above desirable: 100 -
129
Borderline high : 130 -
159
High : 160 - 189
Very high : >=190
Cholesterol- VLDL 31 mg/dL <30 Calculated
Cholesterol : HDL Cholesterol 6.0 Ratio Desirable : 3.5-4.5 High Calculated
Risk : >5
LDL : HDL Cholesterol 3.94 Ratio Desirable : 2.5-3.0 High calculated
risk : >3.5
Non HDL Cholesterol 141 mg/dl Desirable:< 130, Calculated
Above Desirable:130 -
159,
Borderline High:160 -
189,
High:190 - 219,
Very High: >= 220
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
BIOCHEMISTRY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
•Lipid profile measurements in the same patient can show physiological & analytical variations. It is recommended that 3 serial
samples 1 week apart may be tested.
•Indians are at a high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD); at a much earlier age and more severe
with high mortality. Dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid profile) is the major risk factor and found in almost 80% Indians.
•Total cholesterol is the total amount of cholesterol in blood comprising of HDL, LDL-C, and VLDL.
•LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C) or “bad”cholesterol contributes most significantly to atherosclerosis leading to heart disease or
stroke and is the primary target for reducing risk for cardiovascular disease.
•High-density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good” cholesterol can lower risk of heart disease and stroke.
•Triglyceride (TG) level also plays a major role in CVD. Indians are more prone to Atherogenic dyslipidemia, a condition
associated with high TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C; this is associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
Hence high triglyceride levels also need to be treated.
•Non-HDL-Cholesterol (Non-HDLC) measures all plaque forming lipoproteins (e.g. remnants, LDL-C, VLDL, Lp(a), Apo-B).
Monitoring of Non-HDLC is important in patients with high TG (e.g. diabetics, obese persons) and those already on statin
therapy.
•Lipid Association of India (LAI-2020) recommends:-
Screening of all Indians above the age of 20 years for CVD risk factors, esp. lipid profile.
Identification of Risk factors: Age (male ≥45 years, female ≥55 years); Family h/o heart disease at younger age (<55 yrs
in males, <65 yrs in female), Smoking/tobacco use, High blood pressure, Low HDL (males <40 mg/dl and females
<50mg/dl).
Fasting lipid profile is not mandatory for screening. Both fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles are equally important for
managing Indian patients.
Non-HDLC should be calculated in every subject. LAI recommends LDL-C as the primary target and Non-HDLC as the co-
primary target for initiating drug therapy.
Lifestyle modifications are of first and foremost importance for management and prevention of dyslipidemia. Among low
risk groups, treatment is started only after 3 months of lifestyle changes.
Testing for Apolipoprotein B, hsCRP, Lp(a ) should be considered for patients in moderate risk group.
Newer treatment goals based on Risk Groups and values of LDL-C and Non-HDLC
•As per NCEP Expert Panel (2011) guidelines, universal screening for dyslipidemia is recommended for children between 9
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
BIOCHEMISTRY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
- 11 yrs (repeat at 17-21 yrs). Screening is not recommended before the age of 2yrs. Above the age of 2 yrs, selective screening
is done in children with family history of premature CVD or risk factors like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
Note: Reference Interval as per National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Report.
*Please note the change in BRI
Comment:
Raised ALT and AST indicate hepatocellular damage (e.g. viral or drugs etc). ALT is more liver-specific while AST is also
found in heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney. Mild elevation (less than twice normal) often resolves on its own. Fatty liver
disease (especially with metabolic syndrome) is a common cause in asymptomatic cases. Certain drugs (paracetamol,
statins), herbal supplements, energy drinks, and antibiotics may also affect liver function.
SGOT/SGPT Ratio: Typically <1 in healthy individuals (vary between 0.7-1.4; higher in women than men). High SGPT (ratio
<1) seen in acute or chronic hepatitis, autoimmune disorders, medications, toxins while ratio >1 indicates alcoholic
hepatitis, cirrhosis, metastasis or non-hepatic issues (hemolytic diseases, CVS disorders).
Elevated Alkaline Phosphatase and GGT: Suggest cholestatic diseases (e.g. bile duct obstruction, primary biliary
cirrhosis etc.) and can also be due to bone disease, pregnancy, chronic renal failure, malignancy, and congestive heart
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
BIOCHEMISTRY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
failure.
High Bilirubin: Indicates jaundice due to increased RBC breakdown, liver damage (e.g., infections, toxins), or cholestasis
(e.g., gallstones, tumors).
High Protein Levels: Seen in dehydration (e.g., severe vomiting, diarrhea) or increased production (e.g., inflammation,
hematopoietic neoplasms). Low protein and albumin: Result from impaired synthesis (liver disease), decreased intake,
tissue damage, malabsorption, or increased renal excretion.
Comment:
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen can occur with kidney diseases, but it can also happen from a high protein diet, increased
protein breakdown, certain medications, dehydration or burns, GI haemorrhage, cortisol and renal failure. BUN levels often
rise with aging as well.
Abnormally low levels of Blood Urea Nitrogen can be a sign of malnutrition, lack of protein in the diet, and liver disease.
Creatinine
Creatinine 0.96 mg/dL 0.6-1.2 Kinetic Alkaline Picrate
Comment:
Creatinine is a more specific and sensitive indicator of renal disease than Blood Urea Nitrogen.
Uses:
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
BIOCHEMISTRY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
disease (CKD) and those with risk factors for CKD (Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and family
history of kidney disease).
Increased In: Blockage in the urinary tract, Pre- and postrenal azotemia, Impaired kidney function, Loss of body fluid
(dehydration), Muscle diseases such as gigantism, acromegaly.
Decreased In: Pregnancy, certain drugs (e.g., cimetidine, trimethoprim), Myasthenia Gravis, Muscular dystrophy.
Uric Acid
Uric Acid 6.6 mg/dL 3.7-7.7 Uricase
Comment:
Uric acid levels show diurnal variation. The level is usually higher in the morning and lower in the evening. Increased levels
are seen in starvation, strenuous exercise, malnutrition, or lead poisoning, gout, renal disorders, increased breakdown of
body cells in some cancers (including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma) or cancer treatments, hemolytic anemia,
sickle cell anemia, or heart failure, pre-eclampsia, liver disease (cirrhosis), obesity, psoriasis, hypothyroidism, low blood
levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), certain drugs, foods that are very high in purines - such as organ meats, red meats,
some seafood and beer. Decreased levels are seen in liver disease, Wilson's disease, Syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), certain drugs.
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
IMMUNOLOGY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
Below mentioned are the guidelines for pregnancy related reference ranges for TSH, total T3 & Total T4.
Pregnancy
TSH (μIU/mL) (as per
American Thyroid Total T3 (ng/mL) Total T4(μg/dL)
Association )
1st trimester 0.1-2.5 0.81-1.90 7.33-14.8
2nd trimester 0.2-3.0 1.00-2.60 7.93-16.1
3rd trimester 0.3-3.0 1.00-2.60 6.95-15.7
TSH levels are subject to circadian variation, reaching peak levels between 2 - 4.a.m. and at a minimum between 6-10 pm
.
The variation is of the order of 50%, hence time of the day has influence on the measured serum TSH concentrations.
TSH is secreted in a dual fashion: Intermittent pulses constitute 60-70% of total amount, background continuous secretion
is 30-40%.These pulses occur regularly every 1-3 hrs.
Total T3 & T4 concentrations are altered by physiological or pathological changes in thyroxine binding globulin (TBG)
capacity .
The determination of free T3 & free T4 has the advantage of being independent of changes in the concentrations and
binding properties of the binding proteins.
Changes in thyroid status are typically associated with concordant changes in T3, T4 and TSH levels.
Unexpectedly abnormal or discordant thyroid test values may be seen with some rare, but clinically significant conditions
such as central hypothyroidism, TSH-secreting pituitary tumors, thyroid hormone resistance, or the presence of
heterophilic antibodies (HAMA) or thyroid hormone autoantibodies.
For diagnostic purposes, results should be used in conjunction with other data.
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
IMMUNOLOGY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
TSH T3 T4 Interpretation
High Normal Normal Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Low Normal Normal Subclinical Hyperthyroidism
High High High Secondary Hyperthyroidism
Low High/Normal High/Normal Hyperthyroidism
Non thyroidal illness / Secondary
Low Low Low Hypothyroidism
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
•Note: Pre-test condition to be observed while submitting the sample-first void, mid stream urine, collected in a clean, dry, sterile
container is recommended for routine urine analysis, avoid contamination with any discharge from vaginal, urethra, perineum,
Avoid prolonged transit time & undue exposure to sunlight.
•During interpretation, points to be considered are Negative nitrite test does not exclude the urinary tract infections. Trace
proteinuria can be seen with many physiological conditions like prolonged recumbency, exercise, high protein diet. False positive
reactions for bile pigments, proteins, glucose and nitrites can be caused by peroxidase like activity by disinfectants, therapeutic
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PO No :PO3064471180-253
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
GV-STARHEALTH - 2
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
dyes, ascorbic acid and certain drugs.• Urine microscopy is done in centrifuged urine specimens
Disclaimer: Results relate only to the sample received. Test results marked "BOLD" indicate abnormal results i.e. higher or lower than normal. All
lab test results are subject to clinical interpretation by a qualified medical professional. This report cannot be used for any medico-legal purposes.
Partial reproduction of the test results is not permitted. Also, TATA 1mg Labs is not responsible for any misinterpretation or misuse of the
information. The test reports alone may not be conclusive of the disease/condition, hence clinical correlation is necessary. Reports should be
vetted by a qualified doctor only.
Page 12 of 12
Ensuring accuracy IN every single report
Following a 3-step review process:
LDL
^ Stark KD, et al, progress in Lipid Research 2016 | * Compared with competing products
+ Reference from NCBI published article on comparative bioavailability | # Optimal requirement of Omega-3 as mentioned by National Institutes of Health. Dietary Supplement Label Database. 2015.