SMEB3034 - FUNDAMENTALS OF NANO MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

QUESTION BANK

UNIT 1
1 Define the concept of nanotechnology.
2 Compare first and second generations of nanotechnology.
3 Compare third and fourth generations of nanotechnology.
4 Define nanomaterials.
5 Differentiate atomic and nano scale.
6 Differentiate micro and macro scale.
7 Differentiate femtosecond and picosecond.
8 Define the concept Surface to volume ratio in a nanotechnology.
9 Write the mathematical formula for Surface to volume ratio of geometries such as cube and
sphere.
10 What is meant by Fraction of surface atoms?
11 Differentiate surface energy and surface stress.
12 Draw a surface stress force acts on a small volume particle.
13 Define surface defects in a nanoparticle.
14 Compare grain boundaries with twin boundary.
15 List the importance of nanoparticles in terms of mechanical property.
16 What is meant by superparamagnetism in a nanoparticles.

17 Discuss the scientific revolutions that have led to the development of nanoparticles. Explain
the key advancements, breakthroughs, and their significance in various fields of science and
technology.
18 Explain the concepts of nanosystems and nanotechnology with a focus on the time and length
scale in structures.
19 Describe the role of dimensionality and size-dependent phenomena in nanoparticles. Analyze
how these factors affect the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of nanoparticles.
20 Discuss the concepts of surface energy and surface stress in nanoparticles. Explain how these
properties influence the stability, reactivity, and behavior of nanoparticles in various
environments.
21 Explain the types of surface defects in nanomaterials. Discuss how these defects can affect
the properties of nanomaterials, including their electronic, optical, and mechanical behaviors.
22 Describe the key properties of nanoparticles, including their electronic, optical, magnetic, and
mechanical properties. Discuss how these properties differ from bulk materials and their
implications for applications.
23 Explain the significance of the surface-to-volume ratio in nanoparticles. Discuss how this ratio
affects the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles and its implications in various
applications.
24 Discuss the concept of the fraction of surface atoms in nanoparticles. Explain how the high
fraction of surface atoms in nanoparticles impacts their properties, reactivity, and potential
applications.
UNIT 2

1 Differentiate bulk materials and nanomaterials.

2 Compare 0D and 1D nanomaterials.
3 Compare 2D and 3D nanomaterials.
4 Draw the structure of the nanosphere, nanofiber and nanosheet.
5 Compare quantum dots and wells.
6 What is meant by nanocomposites?
7 List the types of nanocomposites.
8 List the important properties of nanocomposites.
9 Differentiate SWCNT and MWCNT.
10 Define graphene. List its important properties.
11 Compare the properties of nanogold and nanosilver.
12 Define nano polymers.
13 Write the important properties of nano plymers.
14 What is meant by nano glasses?
15 Compare nano polymers and nano ceramics.
16 List the types of Bio-Nanomaterials.

17 Discuss the different types of nanomaterials based on their dimensionality.

18 Explain the concepts of quantum dots, quantum wells, and quantum wires. Discuss their
unique electronic properties, fabrication methods, and their applications in modern
technology.
19 Discuss the structure, types, and properties of nanocomposites. Explain how nanocomposites
are fabricated and their applications in various industries.
20 Describe the different types of carbon-based nanomaterials. Discuss their properties,
synthesis methods, and applications in various fields.
21 Explain the classification of nanomaterials based on their composition.
22 Discuss the structure, synthesis, and properties of nanopolymers.
23 Explain the concept, synthesis, and properties of nanoglasses. Discuss their potential
applications in various industries and how they differ from conventional glass materials.
24 Describe the properties, synthesis methods, and applications of nano ceramics. Discuss their
advantages over traditional ceramics and their role in advanced technologies.
25 Explain the types, properties, and applications of biological nanomaterials.
UNIT 3

1 Compare bottom-up and top-down approach of nanoparticles synthesis.

2 What is the principle of chemical reduction in Metal Nanocrystals by Reduction?
3 State the principles of Solvothermal Synthesis.
4 List the types of Solvothermal Reactions.
5 State the principle of Photochemical synthesis.
6 Write the mechanism of Sonochemical Synthesis.
7 Write the working principle of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
8 Compare Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) and Chemical Vapor Deposition
(CVD)
9 What is the key principle of Ball milling in a synthesis of a nanoparticles?
10 Define Electrodeposition.
11 List the factors Influencing Electrodeposition.
12 Compare spray and flame pyrolysis.
13 What is the working principle of Molecular-beam epitaxy?
14 Write the applications of Molecular-beam epitaxy.
15 List the synthesis types in bottom-up approach.
16 List the synthesis types in top-down approach.

17 How are metal nanocrystals synthesized using chemical reduction method? Explain the
method in detail.
18 Describe the solvothermal synthesis method for producing nanoparticles.
19 Discuss the photochemical synthesis of nanoparticles with proper illustration.
20 Explain the sonochemical method for synthesizing nanomaterials in detail.
21 Describe the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process for synthesizing nanoparticles.
22 Discuss the ball milling method as a mechanical technique for synthesizing nanoparticles.
Illustrate your answer with examples of nanoparticles synthesized by ball milling and their
applications.
23 Describe the spray pyrolysis technique for synthesizing nanoparticles. Explain the process in
detail.
24 Describe the flame synthesis technique for synthesizing nanoparticles. Explain the process in
detail.
25 Describe the process of molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) for the synthesis of nanoparticles.
UNIT 4

1 Write the working principle of Photolithography.

2 Differentiate Photolithography and Electron-beam lithography.
3 What is meant by characterization of nanoparticles?
4 Write the working principle of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy.
5 Write the working principle of Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy.
6 State the working principle of High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope.
7 State the working principle of Scanning Tunneling Microscope.
8 Write the purpose of Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
9 Differentiate X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
10 Differentiate Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy.
11 Compare Auger electron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy.
12 Write the working principle of Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy.
13 What is meant by Raman scattering?
14 Compare Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
15 Define Nanofabrication.
16 State the working principle of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

17 Write short notes on the principles, techniques, and applications of Photolithography and
Electron-beam lithography.
18 Discuss the working principle, imaging capabilities, and applications of Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FESEM).
19 Explain the functioning, resolution capabilities, and uses of High Resolution Transmission
Electron Microscope (HRTEM).
20 Provide an overview of the operating principle, imaging technique, and applications of
Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM).
21 Write a note on the mechanism, enhancement effect, and applications of Surface Enhanced
Raman Spectroscopy (SERS).
22 Discuss the principles, surface analysis capabilities, and uses of X-ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy (XPS).
23 Explain the process, analytical technique, and applications of Auger Electron Spectroscopy
(AES).
24 Provide an explanation of the working principle, elemental analysis, and applications of
Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS).
UNIT 5

1 What is meant by Solar energy conversion?

2 Define Molecular electronics.
3 Compare molecular electronics and printed electronics.
4 What is meant by Nanoelectronics?
5 Write the purpose of biosensors?
6 Define Photonics.
7 Differentiate Photonics and Plasmonics.
8 Define Plasmonics.
9 Define Nanomedicine.
10 Define Nanobiotechnology.
11 Differentiate Biotechnology and Nanobiotechnology
12 List the importance of nanomaterials in data storage.
13 List the applications of nanotechnology in displays.
14 List the applications of nanotechnology in medicine.
15 List the applications of nanotechnology in biotechnology.
16 Define Nanotoxicology.

17 Write a short note on the role of nanomaterials in enhancing data storage technologies.
18 Discuss the application of nanotechnology in molecular electronics and printed electronics.
19 Explain the use of nanomaterials in solar energy conversion and catalytic processes.
20 Provide an overview of the application of nanotechnology in the development and
enhancement of biosensors.
21 Write a short note on the role and applications of nanotechnology in nanomedicine.
22 Discuss the integration of nanotechnology with biotechnology and its potential applications.
23 Explain how nanotechnology is used in modern display technologies.
24 Write a short note on the impact of nanotechnology on liquid crystalline systems and their
applications.