THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

EASTERN ZONE NON – GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS

FORM FOUR PRE – NATIONAL JOINT EXAMINATIONS

031/1 PHYSICS 1

Time: 3 Hours Monday, 12thSeptember 2022 a.m.

Instructions
1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of eleven (11) questions.
2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, section B sixty (60) marks and section C carries
twenty-five (25) marks.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Non-Programmable calculators may be used.
6. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).
7. Where necessary the following constants may be used:
(i) Acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 m/s 2.
(ii) Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg K
(iii) Specific heat capacity of brass = 375 J/kg K
(iv) Density of sea water = 1100 kg/m3
(v) Pi, 𝜋 = 3.14.
(vi) Speed of light waves in air = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s
(vii) Velocity of sound in air = 340 m/s

This paper consists of five (5) printed pages

Page 1 of 5
 SECTION A (15 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and
write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i) In measuring thickness of a body, a Vernier caliper reads as the diagram shows
bellow. What is the thickness of a body?

A. 7.5 cm B. 6.6 cm C. 6.63 cm D. 8.00 cm E. 7.00 cm

(ii) A wire X with half the diameter and half the length of a wire Y of similar
material. The resistance of X to that of Y is
A. 8:1 B. 4:1 C. 2:1 D. 1:1 E. 1:4

(iii) The note from a plucked guitar will have low pitch if the string is
A. thick and long
B. thick and slack
C. thin and short
D. thin and long
E. Thick and short

(iv) Thick and tight three heating coils P. Q and R of equal resistances are used in
small mains electric cooker. Which arrangement will give a correct setting for
high heat?
A. R only B. P, Q, R parallel C. P, Q, R series
D. P only E. P, Q parallel

(v) A typist uses a new carbon paper under her top typing paper for making a copy of
a letter. When she holds the carbon paper close to a plane mirror. She can read the
letter. This is because the mirror
A. Form an image the same size as object
B. Produces an inverted image
C. Produces a laterally image
D. Forms a virtual image
E. Forms an image behind the mirror.

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(vi) Diffusion occurs more quickly, in a gas than in a liquid because
A. The liquid contains a layer on its surface
B. The gas contains semi permeable membrane
C. The gas molecules are small in size compared to the liquid molecules
D. The adhesive is large than cohesive in gas compared to that in liquid
E. The speed of molecules in gas is greater than in liquid.

(vii) In a simple electric motor, the commutator: -

A. Changes the current direction in the coil
B. Connects the brushes together
C. Changes the current strength in the coil
D. Reverses the magnetic field
E. Reverses the battery poles

(viii) Land and sea breezes, ventilation of rooms and cooling systems of refrigerators
and deep freezers are associated with one of the following process of heat
transfer: -
A. Conduction
B. Evaporation
C. Radiation
D. Expansion
E. Convection

(ix) A mixed beam of  - particles,  - particles and δ-rays enters a magnetic field at
right angles to the direction of the beam. Which of the following best represent
the correct paths taken by the radiations?

(x) In a loading a lorry a man lifts boxes each of weight 100N through a height of
1.5m. If he lifts 4 boxes per minute, the average power the man is working is
A. 100 W
B. 10 W
C. 600 W
D. 37.5 W
E. 2250 W

Page 3 of 5
2. Match the items in list A with their properties in List B to give a meaningful response by
writing the letter of correct response beside the item number in the booklet provided.
LIST A LIST B
(i) Intensity A. A property of sound according to which sounds can be ordered on
(ii) Timbre a scale from high to low
(iii) Pitch B. It is a sound quality or colour
(iv) Beats C. It is an alternative in loudness of sound when two source of nearly
(v) Resonance equal frequencies are sounded together
D. it is musical sound intensity as perceived by human ear
E. Is the rate flow of sound energy per unity area
F. A vibrating system forces another system around it to vibrate with
the same frequency at a natural frequency of operation
G. Vibrations that occur in a system as a result of impulses received
from another system vibrating nearby.

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section, each question carries ten (10) marks

3. (a) Describe how would you expect the temperature of the water in a deep
pond to vary with depth below the surface during long period of hard frost?
(b) A lantern projector using a slide of 2 cm x 2 cm projects a picture 1m x 1 m
onto a screen 10 m from the projection lens. How far from the lens must the slide
be? What is the focal length of the projection lens?

4. (a) Explain why should the heater in a room be placed near the floor but an air
conditioner (A.C) is kept near the ceiling.
(b) A battery of e.m.f 2.5V and internal resistance of 2Ω cause stead current of
0.4A to flow for 15minutes through an electric bulb. Calculate the energy
dissipated in electric bulb in that time.

5. (a) A person standing in a boat moving at a uniform speed throws a heavy

stone in the water, in the direction in which the boat is moving. State the reason
why the boat slows down.
(b) Two men stand a distance apart beside a long metal fence on a still day.
One man places his ear against the fence while the other gives the fence a sharp
knock with a hammer. Two sounds, separated by the interval of 0.5 s, are heard
by the first man. If the velocity in metal is 5280 m/s, how far are the men?

6. (a) Explain how a lens camera operates the same as human eye. Give three
points
(b) A block and tackle system of 5 pulleys is used to raise a load of 500 N
steadily through a height of 20 m. the work-done against friction is then 2000 J.
Calculate the effort applied.

Page 4 of 5
 7. (a) A volatile liquid like alcohol or ether poured on the skin feels much colder
than water at the same temperature. Briefly explain why.
(b) A uniform rod with a mass 120 g and a length of 130 cm is suspended by a wire
from a point 80cm from the rod’s left end. What mass must be hang from the right
end of the rod for it to be in equilibrium? What will be the tension of the wire?

8. (a) Explain the connection between greenhouse effect and global warming.
down.

(b) In 168 seconds, the activity of thoron falls by seven-eighth of its original value.
What is its half-life?

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section, each question carries twelve and half (12.5) marks

9. (a) Explain why car seatbelts are made to stretch when an external abrupt
impact occurs on a car.
(b) Explain how can you obtain different notes from strings of a guitar? (Give
four points)

(c) A galvanometer of resistance 20 Ω is to be provided with a shunt such that

only one-tenth of the whole current in a circuit shall pass through the
galvanometer. What is the resistance of the shunt?

10. (a) Describe the construction and mode of action of NPN transistor.
(b) An electric kettle has a wire of 5.0 Ω. 1.0 kg of water is to be heated from
room temperature (300K) to its boiling point using the kettle. If we ignore the
thermal capacity of the kettle, suggest the best fuse to support this heating if water
is to be heated for 10 minute.

11. (a) A car of mass 1200 kg starts from rest at the bottom of a hill 4 m high and
reaches the top with velocity of 15 m/s. If it took the car 12 s to reach the top,
what was the power output of its engine?

(b) A copper plate at 30°C has a hole of radius 9.82mm at the Centre. A copper
rivet with radius of 9.85mm at 30°C is to be inserted into the hole. Explain what
should be done to the plate so as to fit the rivet into the hole. Show down your
calculation.

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 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
EASTERN ZONE NON-GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS
FORM FOUR PRE - NATIONAL JOINT EXAMINATIONS
PHYSICS 1 – MAKING GUIDE

1. (01 mark @ 10 marks)

i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x
C C B C C E A E D B

2. (01 mark @ 05 marks)

LIST A i ii iii iv v
LIST B E B A C F

3. (a)

(02 mark)

(b) M = Hi (0.5 mark)

Ho
M = 100cm (0.5 mark)
2 cm
50.

But M = V (0.5 mark)

U
50 = 10m (0.5 mark)
U
U = 10m = 1000cm (0.5 mark)
50 50
= 0.2m or 20cm (0.5 mark)
The slide must be 20cm from the lens.
Since the lenses in the projector are convex
f = UV (0.5 mark)
U+V

Page 1 of 7
 f = 20cm x 1000cm (1 mark)
(20 + 1000)cm
= 19.6cm (0.5 mark)
4. (a) When air is heated it expands and therefore its density decreases hence air current
more upwards so the hot air fills (warm) up the whole room.ac when is cooled and
E
contracted its density increase hence the air current move upward
(b)

(0.5mark)

R
I = 0.4A
t = 15x60=900s
E = I = (R + r ) (0.5 mark)
R = E – Ir
I
R = 2.5 – (0.4) (2)
0.4
R = 4.25Ὣ

Energy dissipated = IVt

=I2 t R (0.5 mark)
= ( 0.4)2(900) ( 4.25)
= 6.12J

5 (a) The fore of throwing the stone acts against the motion of the bout, this
decelerations
it (This is the to Newton’s third law of motion) (02 marks)
To every action there is equal but opposite reaction (02 marks)
(b) t = d
v (01 marks)
t = t air – t metal (01 marks)
t = d air – d metal (01 marks)
v air v metal
But d air = d metal (01 marks)
0.5 = d - d (01 marks)
340 5280
d = 181.7m (01 marks)
The men are 181.7m apart

6. (a) - Both eye and camera has convex lens which focus an inverted image
- Both adjust the amount of light entering
- Both capture the image through important element (retinue & film respectively)
(01@03marks)
(a) WL = L x Ld (01 mark)

Page 2 of 7
 = 500N x 20m
= 10,000J
WE = W friction + WL (01 mark)
= 2000J + 10,000J
= 12,000J
Efficiency = W.0 x 100% (01 mark)
W.1
= 10,000 x 100%
12,000
= 83%
But: Effiency = M.A x 100% (01 mark)
V.R
83% = M.A x 100%
5
M.A = 4.15 (01 mark)

But M.A = L
E
4.15 = 500N
E
E = 120.5N (02 marks)

7. (a) Alcohol or ether evaporate faster, so taking latent heat vaporization from the skin and
hence cooling the skin faster (04 marks)

(b)

(02 marks)

(i) Sum clockwise moment = Sum of out clockwise moment (01 marks)
M x 50 cm = 120g x 15cm
M = 36G
The mass is 36g (1.5 marks)

(ii) Total mass = Mrod + 120g

= 36g + 120g = 156g
= 1.56 N
Tensior = 1.56N (1.5 marks)
8. (a) Global warming is the average increase temperature near or on the earths surface

Page 3 of 7
 caused by greenhouse gases. (01 marks)
Greenhouse effect is the trapping back of sun’s radiation energy by a planet from
atmosphere. (01 marks)
When a planet’s surface is heated by the sun radiations it absorbs them ad emits them
into the atmosphere, where they are absorbed by the green house gases in the
atmosphere. (01 marks)
The atmosphere reflects back (re-radiates) radiation in all direction to the earth’s
surface. Overtime, this increases the planet’s temperature due to excess of greenhouse
gases e.g CO2 (01 mark)
Due to this greenhouse gasses, greenhouse effect becomes more accelerated, hence
global warning. (01 mark)

(b) Fraction remained = 1-7/8 = 1/8

𝑡
N =(1⁄2)𝑡
1
2
No
1
= ( 1⁄ ) 168
8 2 𝑡1/2
Half life = 56 seconds (02 marks)
9. (a) Car seat belts are made to stretch to that to reduce the force of impact on passenger’s
body that is caused by the belt. (01 mark)
The force of impact that might cause pain is reduce by increasing the time of action
(stretching) because force inversely proportional to the time of action (01 marks)
Impulse = force x time
Force = Impulse (01 mark)
time
When time of action increases, the force of impact becomes small, hence less pain.
(01 mark)
(b) Altering tension of string
i.e (f x √𝑇) (01 mark)

Altering length of string

i.e of x 1 (01 mark)
L
Using string of different mass density (01 mark)
1
i.e of x (01 mark)
√𝑀

Playing strings of different thickness i.e of 1 (01 mark)

Page 4 of 7
 A
(c) Rc
G
(01 mark)
IC
I IS I

Vc = Vs (01 mark)
Ic Rc = Is Rs
But I = Ic + Is
Is = I - Ic
Rs = Ic Rc (01 mark)
I - Ic
Ic = 0.1 A (0.5 mark)
Rs = 0.1A x 20
1A – 0.1A
Rs = 2
0.9
= 2.2Ω
Resistance of shunt = 2.2 Ω (01 mark)

10. (a)

Page 5 of 7
10. (b)

11. (a)

(b) Given
ἇ = 1.6 x 10-5/K, l2 = 9.85mm, l1 = 9.82mm,
T1 = 30⸰c, T2 = ?
Solution ἇ = ∆L (1 mark)
l1 ∆T
1.6 x 10-5 = 9.85 – 9.82 (1 mark)
9.82 (T2 – 30⸰)
T2 = 41.1⸰C (01 mark)

Page 6 of 7
Therefore, the plate should be heated to the temperature until became 41.1C so as the hole
expands to the site of rivet. (1.5marks)

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