FOR WOMEN

LABORATORY RECORD

CS3691- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IOT

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025

May 2024
 MAR EPHRAEM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
Malankara Hill, Elavuvilai -629171

Kanyakumari District

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

LABORATORY RECORD

20 - 20

This is to certify that this is a bonafide record of the work done by

Mr/Miss. Register Number

in the ___________________ Laboratory in the Semester.

Staff-in Charge Head of the Department

Submitted for the University Examination held on

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 Instructions to be followed in maintaining the Record book

A. 1. The record of an experiment should be submitted on the day the students come to the
same laboratory to perform the next experiment.
2. Only such experiment as done by the candidate should be recorded in the order in which
they are done.
B. The record should be written neatly in ink, excepts for the diagrams which should be in
pencil.
C. Every experiment should begin on a new page.
D. The Right hand page should contain:
1. Date of performance of the experiment in the margin at the top.
2. Serial number just below the date.
3. Experiment number and the title of the experiment on the first line followed by:
a. Aim of the experiment.
b. Apparatus required.
c. Materials required.
d. Principle
e. Procedure (Including precaution if any)
f. Results
E. The Left hand page should contain the following in the same order:
1. Diagram of the apparatus if any.
2. Circuit diagrams if any.
3. Observations, if any, in tabular form.
4. Sample calculations if any
5. Graphs if any, to be pasted.

Keep the Record Neat.

3
 Index
SI.No Exp.date Name of the Experiment Page No Signature

4
EX.NO:1 8051 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE EXPERIMENTS USING
SIMULATOR
DATE :

AIM
To Write 8051 Assembly Language experiments using simulator.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

SL. No. COMPONENT SPECIFICATION QUANTITY

1 EDSIM 51 Software 1
2 PC - 1

THEORY :
The assembly language is a low-level programming language used to write program code
in terms of mnemonics. Even though there are many high-level languages that are currently in
demand, assembly programming language is popularly used in many applications. It can be used
for direct hardware manipulations. It is also used to write the 8051 programming code efficiently
with less number of clock cycles by consuming less memory compared to the other high-level
languages.
The assembly language is a fully hardware related programming language. The embedded
designers must have sufficient knowledge on hardware of particular processor or controllers
before writing the program. The assembly language is developed by mnemonics; therefore, users
cannot understand it easily to modify the program.
Assembly programming language is developed by various compilers and the
“keiluvison” is best suitable for microcontroller programming development.
Microcontrollers or processors can understand only binary language in the form of ‘0s or 1s’; An
assembler converts the assembly language to binary language, and then stores it in
the microcontroller memory to perform the specific task.

PROCEDURE

1. Open EDSIM51 Software and set the clock frequency default by 12 MHZ.
2. Type and Save the Program with Extension asm.
3. Assemble the Source code.
4. Run the Program and getting the results.

PROGRAM:
ADDITION:
MOV A,#50H
MOV R1,#30H
ADD A,R1
EXIT:SJMP EXIT

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 OUTPUT :

ADDITION:

OUTPUT:

LED DISPLAY:

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PROGRAM :

LED DISPLAY:
BACK:MOV A,#00H
MOV P1,A
ACALL DELAY
MOV A,#0FFH
MOV P1,A
ACALL DELAY
SJMP BACK
DELAY:
MOV R7,#01H
L1:DJNZ R7,L1
RET

RESULT
Thus the 8051 Assembly Language Programs was simulated.

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 EXP NO : 2
TEST DATA TRANSFER BETWEEN REGISTERS AND
DATE :
MEMORY

AIM:
To Test data transfer between registers and memory by using simulator

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

Edsim51

PROCEDURE:

1. Open EDSIM51 Software and set the clock frequency default by 12 MHZ.

2. Type and Save the Program with Extension asm

3. Assemble the Source code

4. Run the Program and getting the results.

PROGRAM:

ORG 0x0000;

MOV A, #0x55;

MOV R0, #0x10;

MOV @R0, A;

MOV A, #0xAA;

MOV R0, #0x10;

MOV A, @R0;

END;

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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus the data transfer between registers and memory by using simulator was successfully tested.

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 EXP NO : 3
DATE : PERFORM ALU OPERATIONS
AIM:
To Preform Arithmetic and Logical Operations by using Edsim51 Simulator

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Edsim51

PROCEDURE:

1. Open EDSIM51 Software and set the clock frequency default by 12 MHZ.
2. Type and Save the Program with Extension asm
3. Assemble the Source code
4. Run the Program and getting the results.
PROGRAM:

Arithmetic Operations:

Addition of two 16 bit numbers:

MOV DPTR,#1020H
MOV A,#15H
MOV B,#25H
ADD A,DPL,
MOV DPL,A
MOV A,B
ADDC A,DPH
MOV DPH,A
END

Subtraction of two 16 bit numbers:

MOV DPTR,#1020H
MOV A,#35H
MOV B,#45H
subb A,DPL,
MOV DPL,A
MOV A,B
subb A,DPH
MOV DPH,A
END

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Logical Operations:

Bitwise AND:
ORG 0x0000;
MAIN: MOV A, #0x0F;
MOV B, #0x3C;
ANL A, B;
END;

Bitwise OR:
ORG 0x0000;
MAIN:MOV A, #0x27;
MOV B, #0x35;
ORL A, B;
END;

Bitwise NOT:
ORG 0x0000;
MAIN:MOV A, #0x27;
CPL A;
END;

Bitwise NAND:
ORG 0x0000;
MAIN: MOV A, #0x0F;
MOV B, #0x3C;
ANL A, B;
CPL A;
END;

Bitwise NOR:
ORG 0x0000;
MAIN:MOV A, #0x27;
MOV B, #0x35;
ORL A, B;
CPL A;
END;

Bitwise XOR:
ORG 0x0000;
MAIN:MOV A, #0x0F;
MOV B, #0x3C;
XRL A, B;
END;

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 Fig: Output of addition of two 16 bit numbers

Fig: Output of subtraction of two 16 bit numbers

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Fig: Output of Bitwise logical AND operation

Fig: Output of Bitwise logical OR operation

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Fig: Output of Bitwise logical NOT operation

Fig: Output of Bitwise logical NAND operation

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 Fig: Output of Bitwise logical NOR operation

Fig: Output of Bitwise logical XOR operation

RESULT:
Thus the ALU operations are verified successfully using Edsim51 Simulator.

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 EXP NO : 4
BASIC AND ARITHMETIC PROGRAMS USING
DATE : EMBEDDED C.

AIM:
To Write Basic and arithmetic Programs Using Embedded C.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil micro version 5 with PC

PROCEDURE:
1. Start the Keil software. Go to the Project > New Project then choose a location to store your
program, and give a name and Save.
2. Now in the next window select the device from different manufacturers. We are
selecting Microchip, and then by expanding we are selecting AT89C51 device and click ok
3. Now go to the New in the menu and select New. It will open a new editor to write code.
4. Go to the save option and save the program file with .asm extension.
5. Write the code for 8051 Microcontroller. (Here we are using a arithmetic cides)
6. Now from the left panel, select Source Group 1, and Add Existing Files to Group ‘Source Group
1’. Then select the program (c file) then add and close
7. now go to the Project > Build Target to build the project. If there is some error the building will
be failed, after correcting the errors it can be build.
8. Now click on the Target1 from the left panel and select Options for Target ‘Target1’. Then set
the xtal (MHz) value to 11.0592. Check mark on the Use On Chip ROM. Then go to the output tab.
In this tab check Create Hex File, and click OK. Then build it again.

PROGRAM:
# include<reg51.h>
void main(void)
{
unsigned char x,y,z, a,b,c, d,e,f, p,q,r; //define variables
//addition
x=0x12; //first 8-bit number
y=0x34; //second 8-bit number
P0=0x00; //declare port 0 as output port
z=x+y; // perform addition
P0=z; //display result on port 0
//subtraction
a=0x12; //first 8-bit number
b=0x34; //second 8-bit number
P1=0x00; //declare port 1 as output port
c=b-a; // perform subtraction
P1=c; //display result on port 1
//multiplication
d=0x12; //first 8-bit number
e=0x34; //second 8-bit number
P2=0x00; //declare port 2 as output port
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 f=e*d; // perform multiplication
P2=f; //display result on port 2
//division
p=0x12; //first 8-bit number
q=0x34; //second 8-bit number
P3=0x00; //declare port 3 as output port
r=q/p; // perform division
P3=r; //display result on port 3
while(1);
}

Theory:
Operators in Embedded C programming are symbols that perform specific operations on values or variables.
Mathematical and logical operations is one of the important tasks that any microcontrollers have to perform during
execution of set of instructions based on the user data expressions. This operation in embedded C will be
performed
with special symbolic operator called as “Operators in C”. To execute this operation C compiler recognizing them
with with special symbols. Operators are the symbols that help in performing operations of mathematical and
logical format
Arithmetic Operators:
Embedded C supports standard arithmetic operators such as +(addition), -(subtraction), *(multiplication),
/(division), and %(modulus).

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ADDTION OUTPUT

SUBTRACTION OUTPUT

MULTIPICATION OUTPUT

18
DIVISION OUTPUT

RESULT:
Thus the Basic and arithmetic Programs Using Embedded C was Executed successfully.

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 EX.NO:5 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO PLATFORM AND PROGRAMMING

DATE :

AIM
To develop a Platform and Programming by using Arduino.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

SL. No. COMPONENT SPECIFICATION QUANTITY

1 ARDUINO IDE Software 1
2 ARDUINO UNO - 1
board
3 PC - 1
4 Breadboard - 1
5 Connecting Wires - Few

PROCEDURE

Installing the AVR core

The classic Arduino boards, including the favorites UNO, Nano and Mega, requires the AVR core to be
installed to compile and upload sketches to your board.
Fortunately, the classic IDE comes with the AVR core already pre-installed. This means that we only
need to download and install the editor to start using our Arduino products.
In this Procedure, we will simply show how to select the right board, choose the right port, and how to
upload the classic blink example to our board, a simple program that makes your LED blink every second.

Boards using the AVR core

Arduino UNO R3
Arduino Mega2560
Arduino Nano (classic)
Arduino Micro
Arduino Leonardo
UNO Mini LE

Retired boards using the AVR core

There are several retired boards that uses the AVR core, but are no longer available from our store. You
can see all of them in the list of boards in the editor.

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List of all boards using the AVR core.
Downloading and installing
1. First, we need to download the Arduino IDE, which can be done from the software page.
2. Install the Arduino IDE on your local machine.
3. Open the Arduino IDE.
Choosing the board
First, we need to select the right core & board. This is done by navigating to Tools > Board >
Arduino AVR Boards > Board. Make sure you select the board that you are using. In this case, we are
using an Arduino UNO.

Select the board.

Selecting the port
Now, let's make sure that our board is found by our computer, by selecting the port. Regardless what kind
of program we are uploading to the board, we always need to choose the port for the board we are using. This is
simply done by navigating to Tools > Port, where you select your board from the list.

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 Selecting the right board and port.
This will look different depending on what kind of operative system you are using.
For Windows users, it could look like this:
<COM9> (Arduino Uno)
For MAC users, it could look like this:
/dev/cu.usbmodem14112 (Arduino Uno)
Uploading a simple example
You are now ready to start using your board! The easiest way to check that everything is working, is to
upload just a simple blink example to your board. This is done by navigating to File > Examples
> 01.Basics > Blink.

Selecting the blink example.

To upload the sketch, simply click on the arrow in the top left corner. This process takes a few
seconds, and it is important to not disconnect the board during this process.

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Uploading the sketch.
When the code is uploaded, the text
"Done uploading."
is visible in the bottom left corner.
If you look closely at your board, you will notice an orange LED blink with an interval of one
second. This means you have successfully uploaded a program to your board.

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 PROGRAM :1
WRITE DIGITAL OUTPUT- BLINKING A LED
void setup() {
// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}
// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}

RESULT

Thus the LED blinking with Arduino Programming was successfully executed.

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EXP NO : 6 EXPLORE DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS WITH
DATE : IOT DEVICES

AIM:
To Explore Different Communication Methods with IoT Devices(Zigbee,GSM,Bluetooth)

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

1. Zigbee(ESP-32 with Bluetooth)
2. Bread Board and Connecting Wires
3. Arduino IDE

PROCEDURE:

 First, you need to download the Arduino IDE.

 After that, we need to install the ESP8266 Board in Arduino IDE.
 Copy the following link to add ESP8266 or ESP8266 integrated board in Arduino IDE.
 http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
 Go to Arduino IDE, then follow the path File/preferences and open the preference tab.
 And paste the above link in the additional board manager URL box as shown in the image.

 After this, go to Tool/ Board Tools/board/board manager and type ESP8266. You will find a board
of ESP8266 click on the install option.

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 this is how your ESP8266 board get installed
After installing the ESP8266 board in Arduino, you need to follow few simple steps:

 Open Arduino IDE.

 Go to Tools /Board/ ESP8266 (2.7.4) and then select Generic ES8266 Module, just like shown in the
image.

26
  Now go to file and open blink sketch and replace keyword "Inbuild_LED" with "2", as the ESP8266
board's inbuild LED is connected to pin 2. 


Procedure:
Configuring Blynk App for ESP32
Following are the steps to configure Blynk app in your phone and use it for a project:

1. Firstly, download Blynk app in your phone from Google play store and install it.
2. After installing, you need to create an account in this app; you may use your current Gmail account.
3. After creating account a window will open, in this click on New Project.

27
4. Now give project a name according to your choice and in device choose ESP32 Dev Board and in
Connection type choose Wi-Fi and then click on Create.
5. Now a window will come which shows that your authentication token which you will need later
sent to your concerned mail ID. You can open your email to check authentication key.

6. After clicking on OK, you will find canvas window.

7.Now, tap anywhere on the canvas to open the widget box. All the available widgets are located here.
Now choose a button.

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8.Click on the Button widget to change the setting.
9.Set output pin to gp2 as I am taking output here from GPIO2 pin, you can change according to you. In
Mode select to switch.
10.When you are done with this setting, you are ready to work with this app. On pressing Play button it
will switch you from EDIT mode to PLAY mode where you can interact with the hardware. In PLAY
mode, you will not be able to drag or set new widgets, press STOP to get back to STOP mode.
Programming ESP32 for Blynk Application
First of all, you have to download the Blynk library from the given link.
https://github.com/blynkkk/blynk-library
It is a zip file, download it and extract it and then copy this library file to Arduino Library files. You
can find your Arduino library file in Documents--> Arduino--> libraries. Copy this library file here.
Now in programming, the first thing you have to do is include the required libraries.
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>

Now define your output pin, here I am taking my output from GPIO 2 so I will include pin 2.
int pin = 2;

Now enter your Authentication token and your network credentials inside double inverted commas.
char auth[] = " ";
char ssid[] = " ";
char pass[] = " ";

In void setup() function, we will initialize the baud rate, LED output and will connect the module with
the Wi-Fi using WiFi.begin(ssid,password); function. This function begins the Wi-Fi connection.
In the loop function include Blynk.run() command.
void loop(){
Blynk.run();
}

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 Programming of ESP32 with Arduino IDE and Blynk app
Now you are in a stage to upload the code in your ESP32 and perform the project, for this following
steps should be performed:

1. Connect ESP32 to your PC via USB cable and make circuit as given above, here I am using GPIO2
you can use according to you.
2. Open your Arduino IDE and copy this code to your IDE window but make sure that you provide
correct WiFi credentials of your network.
3. Now go to Tools--> Board--> ESP32 Dev module.
4. Then Tools-->Port and select port to which your ESP32 is connected.
5. Now click on upload to upload the code.
6. After complete uploading you will find message like this in your output console.

7. Now open your serial monitor and press reset button of ESP32 and now ESP starts connecting to
your network, once connected it will give you IP of your ESP and message like this:

8. Now open Blynk app and go to the project you created earlier and tap on PLAY.
9. Now you can see on clicking on button your LED will change its state.
This is how you are successfully able to control LED using ESP32 with Blynk App.
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>
// You should get Auth Token in the Blynk App.
// Go to the Project Settings (nut icon).
char auth[] = "unGDlpBNJzl3Y6KtE87oqswB-54WrWEy";
// Your WiFi credentials.
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 // Set password to "" for open networks.
char ssid[] = "................ ";
char pass[] = " .................";
int LED = D1; // Define LED as an Integer (whole numbers) and pin D8 on Wemos D1 Mini Pro
void setup()
{
//
Debug console
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT); //Set the LED (D8) as an output
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
}

// This function will be called every time button Widget

// in Blynk app writes values to the Virtual Pin V3
BLYNK_WRITE(V3) {
int pinValue = param.asInt(); // Assigning incoming value from pin V3 to a variable
if (pinValue == 1) {
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); // Turn LED on.
} else {
digitalWrite(LED, LOW); // Turn LED off.
}
}

PIN DIAGRAM

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RESULT:
Thus the Different Communication Methods with IoT Devices was Executed Successfully

32
EXP NO : 7 INTRODUCTION TO RASPBERRY PI PLATFORM AND
DATE : PYTHON PROGRAMMING

AIM:
To develop a Raspberry Pi Platform and Python Programming
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
 Raspberry pi
 HDMI to VGA Cable
 Power cable
 Monitor
PROCEDURE
o Look at your Raspberry Pi. Can you find all the things labelled on the diagram?

USB ports — these are used to connect a mouse and keyboard. You can also connectother
components, such as a USB drive.
SD card slot — you can slot the SD card in here. This is where the operating systemsoftware
and your files are stored.
Ethernet port — this is used to connect Raspberry Pi to a network with a cable. Raspberry Pi
can also connect to a network via wireless LAN.
Audio jack — you can connect headphones or speakers here.
HDMI port — this is where you connect the monitor (or projector) that you are using to display
the output from the Raspberry Pi. If your monitor has speakers, you can also use them to hear
sound.
Micro USB power connector — this is where you connect a power supply. You should always
do this last, after you have connected all your other components.
GPIO ports — these allow you to connect electronic components such as LEDs and buttons to
Raspberry Pi

33
 Set up your SD card

If you have an SD card that doesn’t have the Raspberry Pi OS operating system on it yet, or if
you want to reset your Raspberry Pi, you can easily install Raspberry Pi OS yourself. To do
so, you need a computer that has an SD card port — most laptop and desktop computers have
one.
The Raspberry Pi OS operating system via the Raspberry Pi Imager
Using the Raspberry Pi Imager is the easiest way to install Raspberry Pi OS on your SD card.
Note: More advanced users looking to install a particular operating system should use this
guide to installing operating system images.
Download and launch the Raspberry Pi Imager

o Visit the Raspberry Pi downloads page

o Click on the link for the Raspberry Pi Imager that matches your operating system

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o When the download finishes, click it to launch the installer

Using the Raspberry Pi Imager

Anything that’s stored on the SD card will be overwritten during formatting. If your SD card
currently has any files on it, e.g. from an older version of Raspberry Pi OS, you may wish to
back up these files first to prevent you from permanently losing them.
When you launch the installer, your operating system may try to block you from running it. For
example, on Windows I receive the following message:

35
If this pops up, click on More info and then Run anyway
Follow the instructions to install and run the Raspberry Pi Imager Insert
your SD card into the computer or laptop SD card slot
In the Raspberry Pi Imager, select the OS that you want to install and the SD card youwould
like to install it on
Note: You will need to be connected to the internet the first time for the the Raspberry Pi
Imager to download the OS that you choose. That OS will then be stored for future offline use.
Being online for later uses means that the Raspberry Pi imager will always give you the latest
version.

36
 Then simply click the WRITE button
Wait for the Raspberry Pi Imager to finish writing
Once you get the following message, you can eject your SD card

Connect your Raspberry Pi

Let’s connect up your Raspberry Pi and get it running.

o Check the slot on the underside of your Raspberry Pi to see whether an SD card is inside.
If no SD card is there, then insert an SD card with Raspbian installed (via NOOBS)

37
Note: Many microSD cards come inside a larger adapter — you can slide the smaller card out
using the lip at the bottom.

o Find the USB connector end of your mouse’s cable, and connect the mouse to a USB port
on your Raspberry Pi (it doesn’t matter which port you use).

o Connect the keyboard in the same way.

o Make sure your screen is plugged into a wall socket and switched on.
o Look at the HDMI port(s) on your Raspberry Pi — notice that they have a flat side on top

38
Use a cable to connect the screen to the Raspberry Pi’s HDMI port — use an adapter if
necessary.
Raspberry Pi 4
Connect your screen to the first of Raspberry Pi 4’s HDMI ports, labelled HDMI0.

You could connect an optional second screen in the same way.

Raspberry Pi 1, 2, 3
Connect your screen to the single HDMI port.

39
Note: nothing will display on the screen, because the Raspberry Pi is not running yet.

o If you want to connect the Pi to the internet via Ethernet, use an Ethernet cable to connect
the Ethernet port on the Raspberry Pi to an Ethernet socket on the wall or on your internet
router. You don’t need to do this if you want to use wireless connectivity, or if you don’t
want to connect to the internet.

o If your screen has speakers, your Raspberry Pi can play sound through these. Or you could
connect headphones or speakers to the audio port.

Start up your Raspberry Pi

Your Raspberry Pi doesn’t have a power switch. As soon as you connect it to a power outlet, it will
turn on.

o Plug the power supply into a socket and connect it to your Raspberry Pi’s power port.

40
You should see a red LED light up on the Raspberry Pi, which indicates that Raspberry Pi is connected
to power. As it starts up (this is also called booting), you will see raspberries appear in the top left-
hand corner of your screen.

After a few seconds the Raspberry Pi OS desktop will appear.

Finish the setup

When you start your Raspberry Pi for the first time, the Welcome to Raspberry Pi application will pop
up and guide you through the initial setup.

Click Next to start the setup.

Set your Country, Language, and Timezone, then click Next again.

41
o Enter a new password for your Raspberry Pi and click Next.

o Connect to your WiFi network by selecting its name, entering the password, and
clicking Next.

42
Note: if your Raspberry Pi model doesn’t have wireless connectivity, you won’t see thisscreen.

o Click Next let the wizard check for updates to Raspbian and install them (this might take a
little while).

o Click Done or Reboot to finish the setup.

Note: you will only need to reboot if that’s necessary to complete an update.

43
A tour of Raspberry Pi

Now it’s time to take a tour of your Raspberry Pi.

o Do you see the raspberry symbol in the top left-hand corner? That’s where you access the
menu: click on it to find lots of applications.
o Click on Accessories, and then click on Text Editor.

44
 o Type I just built a Raspberry Pi computer in the window that appears.

o Click on File, then choose Save, and then click on Desktop and save the file as .

o You should see an icon named rp.txt appear on the desktop.

Your file has been saved to your Raspberry Pi’s SD card.

45
  Close the text editor by clicking the X in the top right-hand corner of the
window.

 Return to the menu, click on Shutdown, and then click on Reboot.

 When Raspberry Pi has rebooted, your text file should still be there on the desktop
 Raspberry Pi runs a version of an operating system called Linux (Windows and mac OS are
other operating systems). This operating system allows you to make things happen by
typing in commands instead of clicking on menu options.
 To try this out, click on the Terminal symbol at the top of the screen:

o In the window that appears, type:

ls
and then press Enter on the keyboard.
You can now see a list of the files and folders in your directory.

o Now type this command to change directory to the Desktop:

cd Desktop
You have to press the Enter key after every command.
Then type:
ls
Can you see the text file you created?
o Close the terminal window by clicking on the X.

46
 o Now drag to the Wastebasket on the desktop so the Raspberry Pi will be tidy for the next
person using it.

Browsing the web,

You might want to connect your Raspberry Pi to the internet. If you didn’t plug in
an Ethernet cable or connect to a Wi-Fi network during the setup, then you can connect now.

Click the icon with red crosses in the top right-hand corner of the screen, and select your
network from the drop-down menu. You may need to ask an adult which network you should choose.

o Type in the password for your wireless network, or ask an adult to type it for you, then
click OK.

o When your Pi is connected to the internet, you will see a wireless LAN symbol instead of
the red crosses.

o Click the web browser icon and search for .

47
Configuring your Raspberry Pi

You can control most of your Raspberry Pi’s settings, such as the password, throughthe
Raspberry Pi Configuration application found in Preferences on the menu.

System
In this tab you can change basic system settings of your Raspberry Pi.

48
Password — set the password of the pi user (it is a good idea to change the passwordfrom the factory
default ‘raspberry’)
Boot — select to show the Desktop or CLI (command line interface) when yourRaspberry Pi starts
Auto Login — enabling this option will make the Raspberry Pi automatically log inwhenever it starts

Network at Boot — selecting this option will cause your Raspberry Pi to wait until a network
connection is available before starting
Splash Screen — choose whether or not to show the splash (startup) screen when yourRaspberry Pi boots
Interfaces
You can link devices and components to your Raspberry Pi using a lot of different types of
connections. The Interfaces tab is where you turn these different connections on or off, so that your
Raspberry Pi recognizes that you’ve linked something to it via a particular type of connection.

Camera — enable the Raspberry Pi Camera Module

SSH — allow remote access to your Raspberry Pi from another computer using SSH
VNC — allow remote access to the Raspberry Pi Desktop from another computer using VNC
SPI — enable the SPI GPIO pins I2C — enable the I2C GPIO pins
Serial — enable the Serial (Rx, Tx) GPIO pins 1-Wire — enable the 1-Wire GPIO pin
Remote GPIO — allow access to your Raspberry Pi’s GPIO pins from another computer

49
Performance
If you need to do so for a particular project you want to work on, you can change theperformance
settings of your Raspberry Pi in this tab.
Warning: Changing your Raspberry Pi’s performance settings may result in it behavingerratically or
not working.

Overclock — change the CPU speed and voltage to increase performance

GPU Memory — change the allocation of memory given to the GPU

Localisation

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This tab allows you to change your Raspberry Pi settings to be specific to a country orlocation.
Locale — set the language, country, and character set used by your Raspberry Pi
Timezone — set the time zone
Keyboard — change your keyboard layout
WiFi Country — set the WiFi country code

Introduction to Python

The Raspberry Pi made physical computing and programming accessible to many -- it is relatively inexpensive, and
almost anyone could simply connect a monitor, keyboard, and mouse to get started. Python is an easy to start with
high-level language, and it is an integral part of the Raspberry Pi's operating system.

In this guide, we'll show you how to get started with the Thonny IDE, learn about basic data types and control flow
statements that are readily used when working with sensors and actuators on the Raspberry Pi.

Complete this guide to get started with Python programming on the Raspberry Pi.
Step 1 Overview
● The Raspberry Pi was created so that computing could be more accessible for everyone -- it
is relatively inexpensive, and anyone could simply connect a monitor, keyboard, and mouse to get
started. As sensors, actuators and other devices can be easily attached to it via its handy General
purpose Input Output (GPIO) connector, it also serves as a gentle introduction into physical
computing. The other impetus was to make programming more accessible, especially for beginners
and kids. That's why Python is an integral part of the Raspberry Pi's operating system!

● In this guide, will show you how to get started with programming in Python on the Pi. We'll
also briefly talk about the commonly used data types.
Step 2 What is a programming language?

● To communicate with a computer, we require the use of programming languages. A programming

language is a language engineered to communicate instructions to a machine which understands
machine code.

Machine language or machine code is a lower-level form that is read and executed by the
computer. This language is comprised of binary, 0's and 1's. In this machine code, all instructions,
memory locations, numbers, and characters are represented in 0's and 1's.

Assembly language implements a symbolic representation of machine code, that is to say, it

51
 replaces replaces the 0's and 1's with alphanumeric symbols in order to make it easier to remember
and work with.

While they can run and execute fast, the main disadvantage is that it is tedious for humans to use,
maintain, or debug. Enter high-level languages, these are languages that seem a lot more like our
human language, enabling us to focus on problem-solving.

Still, programming languages such as Java or C++ require the use of a compiler, which is a program
that converts human-readable instructions or code, into machine code, and is then executed and run.

On the other hand, a programming language such as Python is executed directly using
an interpreter, rather than needing to go through a compiler. The code is read one at a time, where
each statement is translated into machine language and then executed.
● While a compiler scans the entire program and translates it as a whole into machine code, an
interpreter translates the program one statement at a time.
Step 3 Starting Python for the First Time

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 ● One of the challenges when beginning to use Python is the need to install Python and other related
software. Thankfully, all this is already set up for you in the latest version of Raspbian with
PIXEL desktop, specifically Raspbian Buster at this time of writing.

The easiest way to get started is to use Thonny, a new IDE (integrated development environment)
that can be easily accessed by navigating to Raspberry Pi icon (menu) > Programming >
Thonny Python IDE
● You will see a script editor and a shell, you enter a program in the script editor and run it in the
shell. Let's write our first program!
Step 4 Save and execute code

● Enter the following code into the IDE.

● Click on Save
● Name this file and click OK
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 ● Click on Run
● Down the bottom in the IDE, you will see the output here.
Step 5 Run Python via Terminal

● Another way to write and run python programs is through the terminal. To access the terminal,
click on the terminal icon up the top left-hand corner.
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● Type the following command: Nano helloworld.py
● Enter the following code
● Press CTRL+O to save
● Press CTRL+X to exit
● Now you can run the saved script by using the command: python helloworld.py

You should see the program output in the terminal window.

● You can also write Python programs remotely via SSH. If you haven't yet, check out our guide on
how to enable SSH on your Raspberry Pi.

RESULT:
Thus the Raspberry pi Platform and python installed successfully.

55
 EXP NO : 8
DATE : INTERFACING SENSORS WITH RASPBERRY PI
AIM:
To Interface a Temperature Sensor with Raspberry Pi
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
 A Raspberry Pi (any model)
 A DS18B20 Temperature Sensor
 A 4.7K Ohm Resistor (Colour Code: Yellow Purple Red Gold)
 A Breadboard
 3 x Female to male jumper cables.
 1 x Male to Male jumper cable (Optional, see the comment in the Getting Started
paragraphbelow)
 An Internet connection for your Raspberry Pi
PROCEDURE:
With your Raspberry Pi turned off, build the circuit as per this
diagram. The DS18B20 is placed into the breadboard so that the
flat side faces you.
 The black jumper cable goes from GND, which is the third pin down on the right
column to the first pin of the DS18B20.

 The yellow jumper cable goes from the fourth pin down on the left column and is
connected to the middle pin of the DS18B20.
 The red jumper cable goes from the top left pin of the Raspberry Pi to the far right pin
of the DS18B20.The Resistor connects the RIGHT pin to the MIDDLE pin. This is called
a pull up resistor and is used to ensure that the middle pin is always on. In the diagram
I had to use a spare red wire to show this connection. But in reality, using the resistor to
make the connection, as per this photo is the best way.
Now attach your keyboard, mouse, HDMI and power to your Raspberry Pi and boot to the desktop.
Configuring the Raspberry Pi
We now need to take two steps to enable our DS18B20 for use.
Install the Python Library
Firstly we need to install a Python library, pre-written code that enables the Python code that we
shall later write to talk to the sensor. The Python library is called w1thermsensor and to install it
we need to use the Terminal. You can find the terminal icon in the top left of the screen. It looks
like...

When the terminal opens, enter the following to install the library, just press ENTER to start.

sudo pip3 install w1thermsensor

That's it, now you can close the Terminal window.

Enable the Interface

The DS18B20 uses a 1 wire serial interface, this is the middle pin of the sensor, that is connected to
the Raspberry Pi via the yellow wire in the diagram. We need to tell our Raspberry Pi that we are
using this pin and to do that we use the Raspberry Pi Configuration tool, found in the
Preferences menu.
When it opens, click on the Interfaces tab and then click on Enable for the 1-Wire interface.

Now click on Ok and you will be asked to reboot, so go ahead and do that, and let the Raspberry
Pi reboot to the desktop.

Writing the Python Code

Our project will gather the temperature from the DS18B20 sensor every one second and print it to
the screen. The code will run forever.
To write the code we shall use the Python 3 Editor found in the Programming menu.

When the application opens, click on File >> New to create a new blank document. In this new
window, click on File >> Save and call the project temperature-sensor.py Remember
to save your work often!
Importing the libraries
The first step in any Python project that uses libraries is to import the libraries that we wish to
use. In this case we import time to control how often the sensor data is collected, and weimport
w1thermsensor to enable our project to talk to the sensor.
So lets import the libraries.

import time
from w1thermsensor import W1ThermSensor

Sensor
Our next line is to create an object to store a connection the sensor. So rather thantyping
W1ThermSensor() everytime we want to use the sensor, we store the connection in an object called
sensor.

sensor = W1ThermSensor()

Running in a loop
We'd like to get the temperature sensor data every second, and run forever. So let's use a while
True loop to run the code inside of it forever.

while True:

Now the next lines of code are indented, this is how Python shows that this code belongs inside
the loop that we have just created.
The first thing to do in our loop is to get the current temperature from the DS18B20 sensor, and
then store it in a variable called temperature. Variables are boxes / containers into which we can
store any data.

temperature = sensor.get_temperature()

Now that we have the data, lets print it to the screen using the print() function. But lets use the
data in the form of a sentence that will tell the us what the temperature is in celsius. For this we
use a little Python trick called string formatting, where we would like the temperature data to be
printed in the sentence, we use an %s which will format the temperature data from an float (a
number with a decimal place) to a string (text, characters that can be printed but not used in any
mathematical equations)

print("The temperature is %s celsius" % temperature)

Our last line of Python code will tell the Raspberry Pi to wait for 1 second between taking a
temperature reading.

time.sleep(1)

That's all of the code, so make sure that you save your work.
Complete Code Listing
Check that your code matches the code below before moving on.

import time
from w1thermsensor import W1ThermSensor
sensor = W1ThermSensor()

while True:
temperature = sensor.get_temperature()
print("The temperature is %s celsius" % temperature)
time.sleep(1)
Run the Code!
To run the code, click on Run >> Run Module and you will see the Python Shell window pop
upand start displaying temperature data!

RESULT:
Thus the temperature Sensor was Successfully Interface with RaspberryPi.

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EX.NO:9 COMMUNICATE BETWEEN ARDUINO AND RASPBERRY PI
USING ANY WIRELESS MEDIUM
DATE :

AIM
To Develop a Communicate Between Arduino And Raspberry Pi Using Any Wireless
Medium.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

SL. No. COMPONENT QUANTITY

1 Ultrasonic Sensor 1
2 Arduino Uno 1
3 Raspberry Pi 1
4 nRF24l01 transmitter 1
and receiver
5 Jump wires Few
6 Arduino cable 1
7 MINI USB 2.0 for Pi 1
8 Breadboard 1
9 Raspbian for pi 1
10 Arduino IDE or Visual 1
Studio
11 Putty on a remote Few
computer for SSH
12 VNC viewer on a 1
remote computer

PROCEDURE

1.Download Raspbian: Your Pi needs an OS. Download Raspbian from Raspberrypi.org ‘s download section:
https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
2.download SD Memory Card Formatter: It is used to format the SD card as it is needed that the SD card
should be empty before the flashing image you downloaded. You can download it from
https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/eula_windows/
3.Flash it onto an SD card: You need to flash this downloaded image to the micro SD card. Assuming your
laptop has an SD card slot or a micro Sd card reader, you need a flashing software like etcher. Go ahead and
download from https://etcher.io/
4.Configure Wi-Fi: It’s easier to make two devices talk to each other if they are in the same network. An
ethernet cable can easily make your laptop’s network available to the Pi. But we don’t have one. So, we are
going to add a file to the SD card so that the Pi boots with a wifi pre-configured. The SD card mounts as two
volumes boot and rootfs . Open the boot volume and create a file named wpa_supplicant.conf on booting the
RPi, this file will be copied to /etc/wpa_supplicant directory in /rootfs partition. The copied file tells the Pi
the WIFI setup information. This would overwrite any existing WIFI configuration, so if you had already
configured WIFI on the pi, then that will be overwritten.
A typical wpa_supplicant.conf file is as follows:
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdevupdate_config=1country=US
network={ ssid="«your_SSID»" psk="«your_PSK»" key_mgmt=WPA-PSK}
NOTE: Your SSID is your WIFI’s name. And psk is the password of the WI-FI.
5. Enable SSH We will later access the Pi using a secured shell (SSH), SSH is disabled by default in Raspbian.
To enable SSH, create a file named ssh in the boot partition. If you are on Linux, use the touch command to
do that.
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6) Find Pi’s Ip address: Before switching on your raspberry pi, we need to find out the existing devices
connected to the network. Make sure your laptop is connected to the same WIFI network as the one you
configured on pi above. Download the Advanced IP Scanner to scan the IP of our raspberry pi. You can
download it from here https://www.advanced-ip-scanner.com/

7) SSH into your Pi: To create a secured shell connection in Linux we can use the ssh command. If you are
on windows, try downloading Putty from https://www.putty.org/

63
Default credentials are:
username: pipassword: raspberry

8) Access Pi remotely: Sometimes it doesn’t feel right if we can’t use the mouse. For that, we need to look
into the Raspbian desktop. We need to setup VNC (Virtual Network Connection) to see and control Pi
graphically. Let’s do that. To access the remote desktop, you need VNC-viewer (client) for your laptop.
Fortunately, RealVNC is available for a lot of OSes, pick one for your OS from
https://www.realvnc.com/en/connect/download/viewer/
9) Commands for vncserver:

64
10) Now open VNC Viewer on your remote computer:

Implementation and Working:

5.1. Wireless communication of Arduino to Arduino with nRF24L01:
In this, we will learn how to make wireless communication between two Arduino boards using
the NRF24L01. And measure distance with ultrasonic sensor and transmit it to another Arduino
65
with transceiver module.
Wiring Instructions:
To wire your NRF24L01+ wireless Sender to your Arduino, connect the following pins:
Connect the VCC pin to 3.3 Volts
Connect the GND pin to ground (GND)
Connect the CE pin to Arduino 9
Connect the CSN pin to Arduino 10
Connect the SCK pin to Arduino 13
Connect the MOSI pin to Arduino 11
Connect the MISO pin to Arduino 12
To wire your ultrasonic sensor to your Arduino, connect the following pins:
Connect the VCC pin to Arduino 5Volts
Connect the GND pin to ground (GND)
Connect the Trig pin to Arduino 4
Connect the Echo pin to Arduino 3

Schematic Diagram for wiring of Arduino Uno with ultrasonic sensor and NRF24L01
To wire your NRF24L01+ wireless sender to your Arduino, connect the following pins:
Connect the VCC pin to 3.3 Volts
Connect the GND pin to ground (GND)
Connect the CE pin to Arduino 9
Connect the CSN pin to Arduino 10
Connect the SCK pin to Arduino 13
Connect the MOSI pin to Arduino 11
Connect the MISO pin to Arduino 12
Schematic Diagram for wiring of Arduino Uno NRF24L01
NOTE: RF24 module is mandatory for the code to run so you can add the library accordingly
Start Arduino IDE then add the Downloaded Library from Here :

66
5.2. Code:
Sender Side code:
Receiver Side code:
Sending the Data

67
Wireless communication of Arduino to Raspberry Pi with nRF24L01:
Installation of RF24 Module on Raspberry Pi:
It is the most important and foremost step for any Communication to work between Arduino and Raspberry
Pi as we have used RF24 library in Arduino for communication so the same Library isneeded on Pi.
Further are the steps to which involve the installation of the Library. It took me almost one week to install it
as no clear idea about it is present.
=> Way to go:
1. Login to Raspberry Pi using Putty.
2. Go to the VNC server for GUI.
3. In the terminal type: sudo raspi-config

Turn on SPI from Interfacing options

68
4. Reboot the Pi. In the terminal, type: sudo reboot
5. In the terminal type: sudo apt-get update
6. Download the install.sh file from http://tmrh20.github.io/RF24Installer/RPi/install.sh or Run
this on terminal: wget http://tmrh20.github.io/RF24Installer/RPi/install.sh
7. Make it executable: chmod +x install.sh
8. Run it and choose your options:

9. Run an example from one of the libraries: cd rf24libs/RF24/examples_linux make

sudo ./gettingstarted Run Following Commands to run the program.
10. Further, if we want to run Python Programs for the same purpose, we can do this: Running the Example
Edit the pingpair_dyn.py example to configure the appropriate pins per the above documentation: nano
pingpair_dyn.py Configure another device, Arduino or RPi with the pingpair_dyn example Run the example
sudo python pingpair_dyn.py

69
Schematic Diagram:

Schematic Diagram for wiring of Raspberry Pi and NRF24L01

Code:
Sender Side Code:
Receiver Side Code:
It's not mandatory to use this code as it is tweaked by me as per my requirement.
To check the proper functioning of your connection and code you can run the examples present in the library
like pingpair_dyn.ino on your Arduino and pingpair_dyn.py on Raspberry Pi.
The snippet of my running communication:

70
RESULT
Thus the Temperature Sensor with Raspberry Pi was interfaced successfully.

71
EXP NO : 10
Setup a cloud platform to log the data
DATE :

AIM:
To Setup a cloud platform to log the data by using Arduino and Rasberry Pi.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Google Colud

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 – Create a GMAIL account

 Go to
https://accounts.google.com/signup/v2/webcreateaccount?flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flo
wEntry=SignUp to create a new gmail account
 You may also opt to use your existing Gmail account
 Fill in the details and click next

 Add your mobile number and verify using verification code

 Add details about your recovery address, data of birth and Gender
 Once account setup is complete – go to https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/
 Login as your new account

72
 Click Next
 In the next page, click – Yes, I’m in
 In the next page, agree to the T&C

Step 2 – Log in to GCP console

 On your browser (preferably chrome), navigate to https://console.cloud.google.com

 Agree the terms and conditions and you now have a free tier account for GCP

Step 3 – Enable Billing to receive $300 credits

 On top of your screen you will see the link to enable billing

73
  Click on the Activate Button to go to the next page
 In the next page – select your country and Agree to the T&C and click Continue

In the next page –

 Change account type to – Individual
 Select your Tax status type
 Add your Address
 Add details about your registered ID like SSN/PAN etc
 Add credit card details
NOTE – It is YOUR responsibility to ensure that you shut down your GCP resources so that
you dont incur unnecessary charges. Google provides you with an evaluation credit of $300,
upto which you will not be charged. Once you cross the limit of $300 Google will charge
you for the resources that you utilize. All cloud providers has the PAY AS YOU GO model,
which ensures that you are charged only for the resources that you are utilizing.
NOTE – Ensure that your card supports auto debit. I have seen a few instances where debit
cards were rejected as they dont support auto debit.
 Once done – click Start My Free Trial

Step 4 – Create a new project

 The top blue menu bar has an option of Select a project

 Click on Select a project dropdown

 By default a new project would be created

74
 Select the project My first project and you are good to go.

Create UBUNTU VM Instance

 Once after setting project successfully & enabled the billing for it.
 On your google cloud home page, top left corner click 3dash symbol as shown below
 You will see various services offered by google.
 Now scroll down list of services until you see “Compute Engine” then click on it
 It will pop up with various other services under compute engine as show below
 Now click on “VM Instances”

75
  After clicking on VM Instances it will show below screen
 Now Click on CREATE INSTANCE above to create a new instance.

After clicking on “CREATE INSTANCE” it will show below screen

 Name: “type any name” (ex: machine1)
 Series: N1 (do not change this)
 Machine type: (choose the appropriate capacity as per the requirement)

Scroll down for other options such As:

76
  Boot disk: click on change (now you will see other screen like below right side)
 Operation system: choose Ubuntu
 Version: Ubuntu 18.04LTS
 Boot disk type: leave the default
 Size: leave the default
Then click on “select” at the bottom
Now you should see as below left side Boot disk section shows Ubuntu Identity
and API access Section:
 Service account: Compute Engine default service account (default)
 Access scopes: Allow default access (default)
Now click on “create” at the bottom.

 Once we click on create you will see below screen.

 The machine will get ready in couple of minutes & you will see as below highlighted.
 To login to the machine click on SSH – open in browser window.

77
  To create more VMs, repeat same process

Step 1: On the navigation menu on the left, scroll down and go to Networking section -
> VPC network – > VPC networks.

Step 2: Go to firewall details and click on the default-allow-http.

78
Step 3: Click on the Edit link.

Step 4: Choose All instances in the network from the Targets dropdown.

79
Step 5: Source filter should be selected to IP ranges.

Step 6: Select Allow all from Protocols and ports and click save.

Step 7: Once the rule is saved, you will view this screen.

80
RESULT:

Thus the Cloud log on Data was created Successful

81
 EXP NO : 11 LOG DATA USING RASPBERRY PI AND UPLOAD TO THE CLOUD
PLATFORM
DATE :

AIM:
To Log Data Using Raspberry Pi and Upload To The Cloud Platform.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
 Raspberry Pi
 DHT11 Sensor
 Jumper Cables
PROCEDUR:
Step 1: Signup for ThingSpeak
For creating your channel on ThingSpeak you first need to sign up on ThingSpeak. In case if you
already have account on ThingSpeak just sign in using your id and password.
For creating your account go to www.thinspeak.com

Click on signup if you don’t have account and if you already have account click on sign in. After
clicking on signup fill your details.

After this verify your E-mail id and click on continue.

82
Step 2: Create a Channel for Your Data
Once you Sign in after your account verification, Create a new channel by clicking “New Channel”
button

After clicking on “New Channel”, enter the Name and Description of the data you want to upload on
this channel. For example I am sending my CPU data (temperature), so I named it as CPU data.
Now enter the name of your data (like Temperature or pressure) in Field1. If you want to use more than
one Field you can check the box next to Field option and enter the name and description of your data.
After this click on save channel button to save your details.

Step 3: Getting API Key in ThingSpeak

To send data to ThingSpeak, we need an unique API key, which we will use later in our python code to
upload our CPU data to ThingSpeak Website.
Click on “API Keys” button to get your unique API key for uploading your CPU data.

83
Now copy your “Write API Key”. We will use this API key in our code.

Step 4: Python Code for Raspberry Pi

Complete code is given at the end of this tutorial, just make a file with any name and .py extension and
copy-paste the code and save the file. Don’t forget to replace the API key with yours. You can run the
python file any time using below command:

python /path/filename.py

Assuming you already installed python in Raspberry pi using this command

sudo apt-get install python

Case 1: If you are using monitor screen then just use the given code. Now
install all libraries:

sudo apt-get install httplib sudo

apt-get install urllib

After installing libraries run your python code (python /path/filename.py)

If the code runs properly you will see some CPU temperature values as shown in below image.

84
If there are any errors uploading the data, you will receive “connection failed” message.

Case 2: If you are using “Putty” then you should follow these commands: First
update your pi using:

sudo apt-get update

After this make a file cpu.py using:

nano cpu.py

After creating this file copy your code to this file and save it using CTRL + X and then ‘y’ and
Enter.
After this install all libraries using:

sudo apt-get install httplib sudo

apt-get install urllib

After installing libraries run your python code using:

python cpu.py

If the code runs properly you will see some CPU temperature values as shown in above image.

Step 6: Check ThingSpeak site for Data Logging

After completing these steps open your channel and you will see the CPU temperature data is updating
into ThingSpeak website.

85
Like this you can send any sensor data connected with Raspberry pi to the ThingSpeak Cloud. In next
article we will connect LM35 temperature sensor with Raspberry Pi and send the temperature data to
ThingSpeak, which can be monitored from anywhere.
Complete Python code for this Raspberry Pi Cloud Server is given below. Code is easy and self-
explanatory to understand.
Code

import httplib
import urllib
import time
key = "ABCD" # Put your API Key here
def thermometer():
while True:
#Calculate CPU temperature of Raspberry Pi in Degrees C
temp = int(open('/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp').read()) / 1e3 # Get Raspberry Pi CPU
temp
params = urllib.urlencode({'field1': temp, 'key':key })
headers = {"Content-typZZe": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded","Accept": "text/plain"}
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("api.thingspeak.com:80") try:
conn.request("POST", "/update", params, headers) response =
conn.getresponse()
print temp
print response.status, response.reason data =
response.read()
conn.close() except:
print "connection failed" break
if name == " main ":
while True:
thermometer()

RESULT:
Thus the data was uploaded Sucessfully in the Cloud by using Raspberry Pi

86
 EXP NO : 12 DESIGN AN IOT BASED SYSTEM
DATE :

AIM
To Design an IOT Based System Hardware Requirements
1. Arduino UNO board
2. USB cable for connecter Arduino UNO
3. Bluetooth Module HC-05
4. Jumper wires male to female
5. LED
6. AC 220v/120v home appliances or 9v Hi-Walt Battery

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
1. Arduino software
2.Android Studio

PROCEDURE:

The Working principle of Arduino-Bluetooth Module

In this project, there are three main components used; an Android Smartphone, Bluetooth transceiver,
and an Arduino.

The Android app is built to send serial data to the Bluetooth Module HC-05 by pressing ON button. As
Bluetooth Module HC-05 works on serial communication. It receives the data from the app and sends it
through TX pin of Bluetooth module to RX pin of Arduino. The uploaded code inside Arduino checks
the data received. If the receive data is 1, the LED turns ON, and if the received data is 0 the LED turns
OFF.

Digital circuit diagram

TX > RX (Pin 0)
RX > TX (Pin 1)
VCC > 5v
GND > GND

87
 LED Pin ARDUINO UNO
Pin1 >GND
Pin 2 > Pin13

For doing the programming for Arduino board, we need to download Arduino software. This can be
done from Arduino official site https://www.arduino.cc/

Download the Arduino software according to your OS compatibility (Windows Installer).

88
Click Download

After successful download, run the setup and follow the instructions.

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90
When it asks to install the driver software, click to install

After installation, open the software, and if it generates a security alert then allow it.

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Write a program for Arduino UNO board, if received data is equal to 1, LED turns on and if data is
equal to 0, LED turns OFF.

char data = 0; //Variable for storing received data

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); //Sets the baud for serial data transmission pinMode(13,
OUTPUT); //Sets digital pin 13 as output pin
}
void loop()
{
if(Serial.available() > 0) // Send data only when you receive data:
{
data = Serial.read(); //Read the incoming data and store it into variable data
Serial.print(data); //Print Value inside data in Serial monitor
if(data == '1') // Checks whether value of data is equal to 1
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); //If value is 1 then LED turns ON
else if(data == '0') // Checks whether value of data is equal to 0
digitalWrite(13, LOW); //If value is 0 then LED turns OFF
} }

Save your program and compile it.

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Connect your Arduino device to your Laptop (or Monitor) via Arduino UNO USB cable. Remove all the
other connections with Arduino UNO device such as Bluetooth Module and LED while uploading the
program in Arduino UNO.

After compiling the code, upload it in Arduino UNO device. Before uploading the code in Arduino,
UNO device makes sure that your Arduino serial port is selected otherwise, it generates an error message
"Serial port not selected".

To select your serial port, open Device Manager > Ports >Arduino Uno, and then upload your code.

Download the Android app's .apk file and install it on your Android smartphone. Click Here to Download

Step to connect with Android app with Bluetooth Module

1.Open Bluetooth connecter app and allow turning on Bluetooth of the device.

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2.Search for Bluetooth device for making the pair.

3.To pair with Bluetooth HC-05 module, enter a pin 0000 or 1234.

4.Select pair device HC-05 to connect with Android app.

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5.Control LED device.

While clicking "ON" button it sends data 1 to Bluetooth module and this data is transmitted
from the Bluetooth module to Arduino device and it turns ON the LED. When clicking
"OFF", Android app sends data 0 to Bluetooth module, and this data is transmitted from
the Bluetooth module to Arduino and it turns OFF the LED.

RESULT:
Thus the IOT System was Successfully Designed

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