1.

Hello World Program

javascript
console.log("Hello, World!");

2. Simple Calculator

let num1 = 10;

let num2 = 5;
console.log("Sum:", num1 + num2);
console.log("Difference:", num1 - num2);
console.log("Product:", num1 * num2);
console.log("Quotient:", num1 / num2);

3. Check Even or Odd

javascript
let number = 7;
if (number % 2 === 0) {
console.log(number + " is even");
} else {
console.log(number + " is odd");
}

4. Factorial of a Number

function factorial(n) {
let result = 1;
for (let i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
result *= i;
}
return result;
}
console.log(factorial(5));

To Give in the first practical class.(Gave it to BCA(A) on 15th/05/2025)

 5. Find Largest Number in an Array

let numbers = [10, 25, 5, 70, 100];

6. console.log("Largest number:", Math.max(...numbers));

7. Check if a String is a Palindrome

function isPalindrome(str) {
let reversed = str.split('').reverse().join('');
return str === reversed;
}
console.log(isPalindrome("madam")); // true
console.log(isPalindrome("hello")); // false

8. Fibonacci Series up to N Terms

function fibonacci(n) {
let a = 0, b = 1, next;
for (let i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
console.log(a);
next = a + b;
a = b;
b = next;
}
}
fibonacci(5);

9. Simple Object and Accessing Properties

javascript
CopyEdit
let student = {
name: "Sanskriti",
class: 10,
board: "ICSE"
};
console.log(student.name);
console.log(student.class);
 10. Using Functions to Add Two Numbers

function add(a, b) {
return a + b;
}
console.log(add(10, 20));

11. Using Promises (Basic)

let promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

let success = true;
if (success) {
resolve("Promise resolved successfully!");
} else {
reject("Promise failed.");
}
});
promise.then(message => console.log(message)).catch(error => console.log(error));

In JavaScript, variables can be declared using var, let, or const, each serving different
purposes:

 var: Function-scoped and can be redeclared and updated. It's considered

outdated due to its scoping issues.
 let: Block-scoped and can be updated but not redeclared within the same scope.

 const: Block-scoped and cannot be updated or redeclared. It must be initialized

during declaration.

Here's how we can declare variables:

Examples:

 var x = 10;
 let y = 20;
 const z = 30;

To display (or "echo") the value of a JavaScript variable, we can use several methods:

1. Using alert(): Displays a popup box with the variable's value.

let message = "Hello, World!";

alert(message);
2. Using console.log(): Outputs the variable's value to the browser's console, useful for
debugging.

let count = 5;

console.log(count);

3. Using document.getElementById().innerHTML: Displays the variable's value within

an HTML element.

<p id="demo"></p>

<script>

let name = "Alice";

document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = name;

</script>

4. Using document.write(): Writes the variable's value directly to the HTML document.
Note that this method is generally discouraged as it can overwrite the entire
document if used after the page has loaded.
When we use document.getElementById("id"), it returns an HTML element object, and
you can use many properties and methods on that object — not just innerText.

 getElementById itself has only one function: to retrieve a DOM element by its id.
🔹 But once wef get the element, you can use many functions and properties on that
element (like .innerText, .value, .style, etc.).

Property/Method Description Example

.innerText Gets/sets the visible text el.innerText = "Hello"

.textContent Gets/sets all text (even hidden) el.textContent = "Text"

.innerHTML Gets/sets the HTML inside the element el.innerHTML = "<b>Bold</b>"

Gets/sets the HTML including the element

.outerHTML el.outerHTML
itself

🔸 2. Form-related Properties

(Used for form controls like <input>, <textarea>, <select>)

Property Description Example

.value Gets/sets the value of input fields el.value = "John"

.checked For checkboxes/radios: true or false el.checked = true

.selectedIndex Index of selected option in a <select> el.selectedIndex = 1

🔸 3. Styling

Property Description Example

.style Access or modify inline styles el.style.color = "blue"

.className Get/set the class as a string el.className = "highlight"

.classList Add/remove/toggle CSS classes el.classList.add("active")

🔸 4. Visibility & Display

Property Description Example

.hidden Hides the element if true el.hidden = true

.style.display Control layout visibility el.style.display = "none"

🔸 5. Attributes

Method Description Example

.getAttribute("attr") Get attribute value el.getAttribute("href")

.setAttribute("attr", value) Set attribute el.setAttribute("src", "img.png")

.removeAttribute("attr") Remove an attribute el.removeAttribute("disabled")

🔸 6. Event Handling

Method Description Example

Assign event
.onclick, .onchange, etc. el.onclick = myFunction;
handler

.addEventListener("event", Better way to el.addEventListener("click", () =>

handler) handle events alert("Clicked"))
Examples:

🔹 1. Content Properties

document.getElementById("demo").innerText = "Visible text updated!";

document.getElementById("demo").textContent = "Text including hidden parts.";

document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "<b>Bold Text</b>";

document.getElementById("demo").outerHTML = "<div id='demo'>Replaced

element</div>";

🔹 2. Form-related Properties

document.getElementById("username").value = "JohnDoe";

document.getElementById("subscribe").checked = true;

document.getElementById("countrySelect").selectedIndex = 2;

🔹 3. Styling

document.getElementById("title").style.color = "blue";

document.getElementById("title").className = "header large-text";

document.getElementById("title").classList.add("highlight");

🔹 4. Visibility & Display

document.getElementById("msgBox").hidden = true;

document.getElementById("msgBox").style.display = "none";

🔹 5. Attributes

let href = document.getElementById("link").getAttribute("href");

document.getElementById("img").setAttribute("src", "new-image.jpg");

document.getElementById("btn").removeAttribute("disabled");

🔹 6. Event Handling
document.getElementById("btn").onclick = () => alert("Button clicked!");

document.getElementById("btn").addEventListener("click", () => alert("Clicked with

listener!"));