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Chapter 1 S 2025

The document discusses the spirit of entrepreneurship and innovation management, emphasizing the importance of technological, market, and organizational changes. It highlights various innovative companies and their contributions to different industries, as well as the complexity of the innovation process. Key points include the role of market dynamics, technology, and the entrepreneur in driving innovation.

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Linh Chi
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13 views34 pages

Chapter 1 S 2025

The document discusses the spirit of entrepreneurship and innovation management, emphasizing the importance of technological, market, and organizational changes. It highlights various innovative companies and their contributions to different industries, as well as the complexity of the innovation process. Key points include the role of market dynamics, technology, and the entrepreneur in driving innovation.

Uploaded by

Linh Chi
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Tinh thần doanh nhân và đổi mới

– TCH446

GV hướng dẫn: Vu Thi Dan Tra; Email: vuthidantra.cs2@ftu.edu.vn


Tài liệu học tập

1. Joe Tidd and John R. Besant (2021), Managing Innovation: Integrating


Technological, Market and Organizational Change

2. Joe Tidd (2013), Open Innovation Research, Management and Practice

3. Bruce Baringer, Edward D. Hess, Charles F. Goetz, R. Duane Ireland Bruce


(2012): Entrepreneurship: Lessons for Success

Foreign Trade University (HCM Campus)_Thanh toán Quốc tế_Vũ Thị Đan Trà 2
Foreign Trade University (HCM Campus)_Thanh toán Quốc tế_Vũ Thị Đan Trà 3
Nội quy và hình thức kiểm tra

▪ Sinh viên đảm bảo tham dự tối thiểu 75% số buổi học trên lớp:
10%
▪ Kiểm tra giữa kỳ: tiểu luận & thuyết trình: 30%
▪ Thi cuối kỳ (thi viết): trắc nghiệm và tự luận (60 phút – 90 phút)
Introduction
• Innovation management is not exclusively associated with
products
• New ways of doing business in service sector
• Innovation management involves change, particularly
technological change
• Sometimes this involves product, service and process
changes
• The level of change is an important dimension
Table 1.1
Market leaders in 2015
Industry Market leaders Innovative new products and services

Smart phones Samsung; Apple Design and new features

Internet-related Google; Facebook New services


industries
Pharmaceuticals Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline Impotence; ulcer treatment drug

Motorcars Toyota; BMW; Tesla Car design and associated product


developments

Computers and software Intel; IBM and Microsoft; Computer chip technology, computer hardware
development SAP improvements and software development
Table 1.2
World’s most innovative companies
2019 Rank Company Innovation activity

1 Alphabet/Google Google’s expertise in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML).

2 Amazon using AI in its retail business, has pioneered voice recognition technology (Alexa)
and platform-based services (Amazon Web Services).

3 Apple pioneer voice recognition software (Siri) and provided a premier virtual workplace
for app developers with its iOS platform.

4 Microsoft provider of AI and platform-based services.


5 Samsung Has become the dominant smartphone producer in the world.

6 Netflix World leader in streaming content and production of content.

7 IBM A world leader in cloud technology and open source technology.

8 Facebook Uses its network effects to generate advertising revenue.

9 Tesla Pioneer in electric vehicle technology.


10 Adidas Has become the sports brand of choice across the world and has been able to
challenge Nike.
Source: https://www.bcg.com/en-gb/publications/2019/most-innovative-companies-innovation.aspx
Table 1.3
Nineteenth-century economic development
fuelled by technological innovations
What is innovation ?

Invention & innovation

Innovation = conception + invention + exploitation

Source: Henry and Walker (1991)

Innovation is not a single action but a total process of interrelated


sub processes. It is not just the conception of a new idea, nor
the invention of a new device, nor the development of a new market.
The process is all these things acting in an integrated fashion . . . .
Myers and Marquis (1969)
Illustration 1.1
Toyota invests in flying car

Toyota is making its first big bet on the airborne urban mobility market of
the future by investing $394 million in Joby Aviation, a California-based
company that has developed a four-passenger, battery-electric vertical
take-off and landing aircraft.

Will this move help Toyota leapfrog Tesla?

Source: andrey_l/Shutterstock

Source: Tovey A (2020) The flying car in front is a Toyota with £300 million finding. Business, p.3, Daily Telegraph, 17 January.`
Figure 1.1
Overview of the innovation process
Two traditions of innovation studies:
Europe and the USA
• Benoit Godin wrote about the intellectual history of innovation.
• Two traditions emerged.
• The first in the United States was concerned with technological change
as the use of inventions in industrial production.
• The second in Europe was concerned more specifically with
commercialised invention.
• The European tradition developed a narrower focus on technology and
commercialisation. It introduced the function of market uncertainty.
• This helps to explain the emergence of different views on how to
delineate innovation.
Table 1.4
Twentieth-century technological
innovations
Figure 1.2
The interaction between development
activities and design environment
Table 1.5
A typology of innovations
New services that also create new
business models/value
Company Industry sector New service/new business model/value

Ebay Online auction A new way of buying and selling through a


community of individual users.
Ryanair Airline A new way of consuming air travel with no frills
service and emphasis on economy.
Amazon Retailer New way to buy goods – online retailer.
Napster, iTunes, Music retailer New way to buy and download music.
Spotify
Google, Internet search A fast way to search for information on the internet.
DuckDuckGo engine
Partygaming Online gambling Gambling and gaming in your own home.
Myspace/ Social networking A community of online users who can chat and
Facebook/twitter share music, images, news from their own home.
Uber/Lyft Taxi /ride hailing A new way to hail a taxi using your mobile phone.
Figure 1.3
The popular view of science

The lone inventor/mad professor.

But, such views lead to misunderstanding.


Science does not equal innovation.
Innovation is much more than science,
for example, scientific discoveries predate
commercial products by many years.
Figure 1.4
Conceptual framework of innovation
Types of innovation
Dimensions of Innovation space

discontinuous

Microsoft’s underwater server

Perceived radical E-bikes


Launch of
extent of change netflix

New improved
incremental detergent

product service process

What is changed?
Figure 1.5
Linear models of innovation
Figure 1.6
The simultaneous coupling model
Figure 1.7
Interactive model of innovation
Table 1.6
The chronological development of
models of innovation
Doing, using and interacting (DUI) mode
of innovation
• In low- and medium-technology-intensive (LMT) industries,
the traditional science and technology model of innovation
is not applicable and cannot explain continued product and
process innovations.

• In LMT environments, innovation can be explained through


learning by doing and the use of networks of interactions
and extensive tacit knowledge.
Disruptive innovations
• Research by Utterback (1994) and Christensen (1997)
suggests that many firms find it difficult to manage
disruptive innovations.
• For example, IBM, Hoover, Xerox, etc.
• Incumbents in an industry do not respond well to dramatic
shifts in behaviour.
• How do firms manage both continuous change and
discontinuous change?
Figure 1.8
Disruptive innovations
Table 1.7
Explanations for innovative capability
Table 1.8
Studies of innovation management
Innovation is a complex management
process
1. Not fully understood, for example, unable to predict which
organisations will be the innovators of tomorrow!
2. Needs to be viewed as an internal organisational process
3. Numerous models available
4. Numerous prescriptions available
5. Various classifications:
Revolutionary for example, Driverless cars
Incremental for example, Mobile phones
6. No simple formula
Figure 1.9
The cyclic model of innovation with
interconnected cycles

Source: Adapted from: Berkhout, A.J., Hartmann, D. and Trott, P. (2010) Connecting technological capabilities with market needs using a cyclic innovation model,
R&D Management, vol. 40, no. 5, 474–90.
Figure 1.10
The rise and fall and rise of Apple

$150

Apple Share price

$100

$50

1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2012 2018


Key points to take away
• Role of the market is important
• Role of technology is important
• It’s a cross-functional process
• Consider the role of the entrepreneur
• Role of external linkages and networks are important
Table 1.10
Steve Jobs and Apple
Table 1.11
Key components that go into the iPhone

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